Energy efficient lighting for industrial plants. Reconstruction of lighting of industrial enterprises. LED lamp T8

In the field of industrial lighting, the company works with the largest industrial enterprises of the Ural region, energy service contracts have been signed, the following work has been completed:

Pervouralsky Novotrubny Plant - reconstruction of lighting in 2 production workshops with a total area of \u200b\u200b40 thousand square meters. m. with a complete replacement of lighting equipment, reconstruction of the outdoor mast lighting system (total 37 lighting towers);

Uralmashzavod OJSC in Yekaterinburg - reconstruction of lighting of assembly production (workshop with a total area of \u200b\u200b10.5 thousand sq. M);

OJSC "Sverdlovsk Plant of Current Transformers" - 90% of all production facilities, high requirements for the quality of lighting in connection with the features of the production process, etc.

OJSC “Ural Railway Machine Plant” - a complex of workshops with an area of \u200b\u200bmore than 80 thousand square meters;

KUMZ OJSC, K-Uralsky - reconstruction of lighting for forging and foundry shops;

Mining and processing enterprises of UMMC holding - coverage of industrial territories and quarries. Including OJSC Gaysky GOK, OJSC Uchalinsky GOK, LLC Bashkir Copper

OJSC “Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works” - railway lighting. Art. "Granite", "Sulfide", two rolling mills LPC No. 7, workshop AGNTS, copry workshop, the supply of lighting equipment for foundries;

Silvinit OJSC - lighting of the industrial territory of SKRU No. 1, railway station SKRU No. 4

OJSC “Uralkali” - participation in the implementation of a comprehensive program for the reconstruction and energy conservation in the OS of the aboveground complex of the enterprise.

OJSC Chusovskoy Metallurgical Plant - design work on the lighting of the Blast Furnace No. 2 complex.

OJSC “KGOK-EVRAZ” - reconstruction of the lighting of the Severny quarry.

A large number of objects are currently at the stage of work and design: Lighting of workshop No. 3 of OJSC “Uralhimmash” (27 thousand square meters), lighting of the quarry Main “EVRAZ KGOK”.

OUTDOOR LIGHTING

One of the main indicators of OS is the luminous efficiency of the light sources used in them. An example of this is the replacement of KNU-10000 (20000) lamps with DKsT-10000 (20000) lamps with SBP projectors (Italy) with high-pressure sodium lamps with a power of 1000 W SON-T Pro 1000 (PHILIPS)

The light output of these lamps is 4.3 times greater than that of DKst lamps.

Lighting of the Maly Kuybas open pit of OJSC MMK

An example of this is the Maly Kuybas open pit lighting project at OJSC MMK. The approximate size of the quarry is 1600x800 meters, the depth of the quarry is 170 meters.

There are two options for a quarry lighting project:

Option 1 of GIPROMEZ OJSC, Magnitogorsk;

Option 2 "MT ELECTRO".

P mouth (installed power) of the OS has been reduced from 304 to 77 kW, that is, reduced by 3.9 times.

The annual consumption of electric energy will decrease from 1,199,888 to 333,564 kWh per year.

With the cost of electric energy 1,156 rubles. per kWh, the difference in the cost of electricity costs will amount to 1 001 470 rubles. 55 kopecks.

An important indicator for a light source is the lamp life and, as a consequence, the cost of replacing the lamps per year.

The life of the DKsT-10000 (20,000) lamps is only 1350 hours, and the life of the SON-T Pro 1000 lamps is 18,000 hours; as a result, the difference between the cost of replacing the lamps per year will be 74528 rubles. 57 kopecks in favor of the option with NLVD.

The total savings in annual operating costs when implementing the MT ELECTRO option will be 1,068,599 rubles. 11 kopecks When the cost of equipment in 1 option is 619,000 rubles. and 1553378 rubles. 16 kopecks in option 2, their difference will be 934278 rubles.76 kopecks. and the payback period of the project will be 0.87 years.

Conclusion. Thus, the proposed OU career option that we have proposed is highly efficient and cost-effective; its payback will be 10.5 months. In the first year of operation, the savings from the introduction of this option will amount to 134320 rubles. 35 cop., And subsequently 1,068,599 rubles. 11 kopecks in year.

Lighting of the stockyard of OJSC Sevuralboxitruda

The previous option was related to new construction, during the reconstruction of the OS of the central batch warehouse at OJSC Sevuralboxitruda, SBP projectors with PHILIPS NLVD with a power of 1 kW were used, and the following results were obtained.

The blending warehouse has the following dimensions 800 * 300 meters and the height of six lighting towers is 16 meters.

P mouth is reduced from 80 kW to 21 kW, i.e. 3.7 times.

The annual cost of electricity, at a cost of 1 kW / hour, 0.91 rubles. will decrease by 195,642 rubles. 72 kopecks

The annual cost of replacing lamps will decrease from 26,666 rubles. up to 7350 rub. 34 kopecks and the savings will be 19315 rubles. 06 kopecks

The savings in annual operating costs when implementing our option amounted to 222063 rubles, and the payback of OS at the cost of equipment is 452084 rubles. will be 2 years.

Lighting of the territory of PNTZ OJSC

Another example of the replacement of KNU-10000 floodlights with DKsT-10000 lamps on 37 towers of the op-amp of the industrial territory of PNTZ OJSC led to a decrease in P mouth from 660 kW to 102 kW, not a single lamp burned out during the year and a half of operation, it was not detected not a single equipment failure. As a result of this, a reorganization of the service serving this OS was carried out.

The equipment we offer has not only high lighting characteristics, high quality workmanship and compliance with the degrees of protection indicated in the instrument passport. All these indicators are important when using this equipment in outdoor op-amps at metallurgical and mining enterprises.

Its degree of protection is IP 65, 66.

Lighting quarry North OJSC "EVRAZ KGOK"

1 option of software of JSC EVRAZ KGOK Kachkanar;

Option 2 "STK MT ELECTRO".

Implemented in 2011

Consider a comparative table of the main technical and economic indicators.

P mouth (installed power) of the OS has been reduced from 328 to 53.6 kW, that is, decreased by 6.1 times.

The annual consumption of electric energy will decrease from 1,315,296 to 225,264 kWh per year.

When the cost of electric energy is 1.026 rubles. per kWh, the difference in the cost of electricity costs will be 1,126,822

An important indicator for a light source is the lamp life and, as a consequence, the cost of replacing the lamps per year. The life of the DKsT-50,000 (20,000) lamps is only 1,350 hours, and the life of the SON-T Pro 1000W lamps is 18,000 hours. As a result, the difference between the cost of replacing the lamps per year will be 117,680 rubles. in favor of the option with NLVD.

The total savings in annual operating costs when implementing the MT ELECTRO option will amount to 1,237,863 rubles. 21 kopecks

Conclusion. Thus, the proposed OU career option that we have proposed is highly efficient and cost-effective.

INTERIOR LIGHTING

The use of modern light sources in internal op amps - that is, in workshops, warehouses, etc. is due to the replacement of lamps traditionally used in enterprises with type DRL by MGL. The ratio of the light output of these lamps - 54 lm / W and 90-100 lm / W causes a reduction in energy consumption of 1.67-1.85 times. However, the computer selection of equipment and the high lighting characteristics of the equipment we offer allows us to increase the reduction in energy consumption in in-house op-amps by 2.5 - 2.8 times.

This can be seen by the example of technical and commercial proposals for the reconstruction of the OS of workshop No. 14 of PNTZ OJSC and LPC No. 8 of OJSC MMK. Consider these suggestions.

Lighting OU LPC No. 8 of OJSC MMK

The main technical and economic indicators of the OS of the LPC №8.

Number of appliances:

Existing OS - 1436 pcs.

Estimated Shelter - 1292 pcs.

Sources of light:

The existing op-amp - DRL lamps 700 and 1000 watts avar. LON - 1000 W

Estimated op-amp - MGL 400 W lamps (Philips)

P mouth reduced from 1412.8 to 516.8 2.73 times. The cost of electricity consumed during the year at a cost of 1 kW / hour 1,156 rubles. will decrease from 8856433.7 rubles. up to 3299839.73 rubles. The savings will be 5556593.97 rubles.

The cost of replacing lamps per year in the version with MGL can be higher than that of DRL lamps since the cost of MLG is about 4.5 times higher than that of DRL lamps, and the life of DRL lamps is about 1.8-2 times less than that of MGL (Philips).

Domestic MGLs have a service life of only 2,000 hours. While their price is approximately 1.5-1.8 times less than that of Philips lamps. Therefore, the use of domestic MGL is not advisable. High costs for their replacement with a short service life and a fairly high cost.

The annual operating costs, in the proposed embodiment, are reduced from 9181824.17 rubles. up to 3,784,685.92 rubles. The annual savings from the introduction of the new OS will be 5397178.25 rubles. With the cost of equipment 8 499 968.84 rubles, the payback of the new OS will be 1 year 7 months. OJSC MMK made a decision on the phased implementation of this proposal.

Lighting of workshop No. 14 of PNTZ OJSC

At PNTZ OJSC 1.5 years ago, a similar proposal was introduced in workshop No. 14. His indicators are as follows.

P mouth reduced from 137.2 kW to 91.6 kW.

Annual electricity costs reduced from RUB 1,245,671.20. up to 501 382.98 rubles. - 2.5 times. The savings amounted to 744,288.22 rubles. With the cost of equipment 1,420,582.80 rubles. its payback will be 2 years. At the same time as our SBP equipment.

In another section of the workshop, Vatra equipment was installed, type GSP-7V-700 with DRI-700 and ZhSP-04V-400 lamps with DNaT-400 lamps. Comparative analyzes of the equipment showed the following. SBP equipment reliably operates in conditions of frequent landings and power surges. Its advantage is that ballasts, and in particular IZU, have protection against re-supply of high voltage impulse lamps to the lamp.

Thus, the IZU and the lamp operate in a more gentle mode, and since the ignition mode for high-pressure discharge lamps is the most difficult, the service life of the lamp and equipment increases.

For 1.5 years of operation on the site there was not a single case of equipment failure and not a single lamp burned out. While in the equipment of the company "Vatra" IZU constantly failed and there was a frequent replacement of lamps.

As a result, PNTZ OJSC refused further use of Vatra equipment. That is, SBP equipment has proven to be reliable and cost-effective in use.

Lighting at compressor station No. 14 of OAO SUBR

I would also like to give a small example of replacing equipment with fluorescent lamps and electronic ballasts. The use of electronic ballasts in equipment with fluorescent lamps in addition to saving energy gives the following advantages. Lamp ripple is eliminated. Lamps are ignited almost instantly. The lamp life is increased by 50%, losses in ballasts are reduced by 25%. Losses when using fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts are the same as for incandescent lamps - that is, 3%. An example of replacing LON with fluorescent luminaires with electronic ballasts at compressor station No. 14 of OJSC “SUBR” shows that P mouth will decrease from 13.5 kW to 7.42 kW. At the same time, the illumination at the workplace will increase by 3-4 times and will comply with the normative. To save energy, a circuit with two lamp operation modes is proposed:

Operating mode - illumination 300 lux

Standby - 75 lux illumination

This allows you to significantly save electricity and reduce the cost of electricity per year from 120 132.45 rubles. to 38,444.67 rubles, and annual operating expenses will decrease from 136,756.35 rubles. up to 43,267.95.

The savings in annual operating costs will amount to 93,488.40 rubles. With the cost of equipment 92,249.60 rubles. the payback of this proposal will be 1 year.

Number in format pdf   (5134 kB)

Yu.B. Eisenberg, Professor, Doctor of Technical Sciences, Chief
research Fellow, VNISI LLC, General Director of Moscow House of Light CJSC, Moscow
O.V. Malakhova, editor-in-chief of the journal “ENERGOSOVET”, Moscow

The current situation of lighting in Russia

Modern problems of energy-efficient lighting are multifaceted and have a wide range. Their solution is now engaged in a large number of firms and organizations working in the field of lighting. And this is really relevant, since energy shortages are becoming a problem for an increasing number of Russian cities. In the context of the energy and global economic crisis, the words of the famous science fiction writer Arthur Clarke sound relevant: "A kilowatt hour will be the single world currency." Russia is approaching this very rapidly.

In the country in 2006, the demand for electricity increased 2.5 times. Plans for the introduction of new generating capacities were revised, and instead of 23 GW for a five-year period, it was decided to introduce 41 GW of new energy capacities. For comparison, in 2007, 104 GW of electricity was introduced in China. And here a very significant question arises: which way to go - to increase generating capacities or reduce electricity consumption without affecting the quality of lighting. As with many other issues, the golden mean is the most correct.

It should be noted that the cost of creating a kilowatt of generating capacity at various types of power plants is approximately 1-3 thousand US dollars. A reduction in installed capacity per kilowatt of lighting costs $ 150-200. This is a huge difference and, in addition, it is associated with solving the most important problem of reducing harmful emissions into the atmosphere.

In the table. 1   Some characteristics of the main groups of light sources are presented, the main of which is the indicator of the specific light energy generated during the service life. If we take the amount of light energy from an incandescent lamp as a unit, then we can see that all other types of lamps repeatedly (several times or even an order of magnitude) generate more light energy.

It should be noted that incandescent lamps, which played a huge role in the development of mankind and which will celebrate 130 years since their invention in the next 2011, are today an unacceptably outdated light source. They can be compared with such obsolete equipment as steam or horse traction, and with many others, which mankind has already abandoned.

In many countries of the world this is very clearly recognized and recently there have been taken extremely effective measures to displace incandescent lamps. For example, in November 2008, a Decree of the Government of Ukraine was issued stating that, starting in 2009, incandescent lamps in all government buildings should be replaced with other more energy-efficient light sources.

Since the beginning of 2009, incandescent lamps with a power of 75 W, 100 W and 150 W have disappeared from sale in the UK. It was decided that the commissioners would inspect shops and even individual apartments, checking which bulbs are sold and which people use. Authorized persons are entitled to seize “illegal” incandescent lamps. According to British analysts, the savings from such measures can be up to $ 8 billion. The European Union has decided to completely switch to energy-saving by 2012

In the United States, a decree signed by the president was issued that excluded from production and use of incandescent lamps with a power of 100 W from 2011, in 2012 - 75 W and so on until 2014, when incandescent lamps should be completely eliminated. Australia has issued a government decree on the full transition to compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) by 2012. This is understandable and obvious, because if all countries in the world switched to using CFLs, they could release as much electricity as they consume in 4 years all of Australia.

In Russia, a new law on energy conservation (No. 261-ФЗ dated November 23, 2009, Art. 10, Clause 8) from January 1, 2011 introduces a ban on the use of LVs with a power of 100 W or more. And from January 1, 2013, a ban on 75-W or more power supplies can be introduced, from January 1, 2014 - on 25-W power devices or more.

Lighting Energy Saving Potential

On the fig. 1   The potential for energy saving in Germany through lighting devices is clearly shown. Conventional linear (direct) T12 tube fluorescent lamps with a tube diameter of 38 mm were taken as the initial base (0%). Then come the T8 lamps (tube diameter 26 mm) - energy-efficient lamps, direct, which save 7% of electricity. Thin T5 lamps appear further, and it can be seen that these lamps with a diameter of 16 mm in comparison with T12 lamps give an energy savings of 42%.

If you introduce modern technology with regulation of the luminous flux of lamps and use natural light sensors, you can save in the first case 58%, in the other 71%. If you use a full arsenal of energy-saving measures, including motion sensors, then using T5 lamps (16 mm), you can get 82% energy savings.

It should be noted that this is only one line of lamps and compact lamps are not considered here. It should also be recalled that with the advent of T5 lamps, all ballasts became electronic. From fig. 1 it becomes clear what a huge potential lies in saving energy in lighting installations only when using only one line of fluorescent lamps.



A promising area of \u200b\u200blighting technology - LED lighting

Today, the most promising and interesting direction, in which a huge number of companies work, where achievements are changing literally before our eyes, is LEDs. The forecast for improving LED parameters is given in fig. 2.

The right curve is the light output growth curve of superbright LEDs over the past 8 years. According to the book on LEDs of the German Society of Lighting Engineering, published in 2003, LEDs achieved tremendous success, since their light output already exceeded by 2 times the light output of incandescent lamps, i.e. 20-25 lm / W. February 15, 2010 the press service of the European branch of CREE announced the creation of a laboratory sample of a white LED with a light output of 208 lm / W. This, of course, is a colossal achievement. And today there are already a number of installations where LEDs are used even for general lighting. But this is very expensive. For example, the Turning Torso building in Malmo (Sweden), made in the form of a 190-meter helical tower, is a real example of the use of LEDs to illuminate rooms where even all the corridors in the ledges are lit with LEDs. But this is the case when no one took into account the cost, because the LEDs cost almost a dollar apiece.

We list the properties of LEDs, which in the near future will make them the most economical in comparison with other light sources:

  • high light output (100-150 lm / W);
  • low power consumption (units of watts);
  • high values \u200b\u200bof the efficiency of lighting devices and the utilization of luminous flux in lighting installations;
  • small dimensions (point or flat devices);
  • high durability (more than 10 years of continuous operation);
  • lack of pulsation of a light stream;
  • the possibility of obtaining radiation of various spectral composition;
  • the ability to reduce the safety factor of lighting installations due to the stability of characteristics and high service life;
  • the ability to use for lighting fading objects (works of art, printing products, textile production);
  • high resistance to external influences (temperature, vibration, shock, humidity);
  • electrical and explosion safety;
  • the possibility of a sharp reduction in the size, material consumption and labor intensity of the production of lighting devices;
  • the possibility of creating maintenance-free fixtures;
  • a high degree of controllability (the ability to build multi-level lighting control systems);
  • high manufacturability in mass production;
  • low packaging and transportation costs.

According to the American magazine, in 2005, LEDs in America were used mainly in the transport sector - 52%, separately for automobile lighting accounted for 14%, and for household lighting - only 6%. The forecast is also given there that in 2010, household lighting will already occupy 13% of the total number of LEDs produced (they will be released for this purpose by $ 1 billion).

To prepare for the mass use of LEDs in Russia, it is necessary:

  • to carry out a set of psychophysiological studies of different-purpose lighting installations with LEDs and develop regulatory materials for their use (review SNiP and SanPiN);
  • develop and standardize photometric methods for LEDs;
  • provide training for specialists in this field;
  • conduct a large outreach among specialists and the public;
  • design and equip demonstration plants for various purposes;
  • to develop a series of various lighting devices with LEDs;
  • dramatically reduce the cost of LEDs.

Presumably, all these works require 4-5 years, after which these new light sources will find wider application. Prior to this, especially in housing, the prospect of mass use of LEDs is very illusive.

Ways to improve the energy efficiency of lighting systems

VNISI LLC calculated the potential for energy savings in lighting installations. Energy savings can be achieved by improving the following lighting:

  • by expanding the production of efficient light sources and their scope, it is possible to obtain energy savings of at least 14%;
  • an increase in the luminous efficiency of light sources - 6%;
  • increasing the stability of the characteristics of light sources - 3%;
  • increased efficiency of lighting devices - 6%;
  • improvement of operational properties of lighting devices - 3.5%;
  • reduction in energy consumption of lighting devices, in particular due to the use of electronic ballast valves (electronic ballasts) - 1.5-2%.

Improving lighting methods can also achieve energy savings:

  • expanding the scope of the general localized lighting system - 6.5%;
  • when applying control systems for general lighting, depending on the level of natural light - 4.5-7.5%;
  • expanding the use of the combined lighting system - 4%.

These data are based on a real account of the situation in the country, real light output, production volumes and the possibility of replacing different light sources. The total possible savings are 45-50% of the amount of electricity that is currently consumed in the country for lighting, and this is quite achievable. But in Russia, about 108-110 billion kWh is used for lighting, which means half is more than 50 billion kWh. Therefore, the prospects for energy savings are attractive, but you need to work intensively in this direction and change the attitude to this issue at the state level.

Measures to improve the energy efficiency of lighting systems

All over the world, in particular, in countries that are members of the International Energy Agency (IEA), the main energy-saving actions in the field of lighting include:

  • use of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs);
  • installation of electronic ballasts (electronic ballasts);
  • the use of direct thin fluorescent lamps of the T5 type (16 mm);
  • widespread use of automatic lighting control systems depending on external factors;
  • the use of combined lighting devices that use solar energy to power.

Compact fluorescent lamps and their use in residential buildings

Compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) are today the main type of light sources (IP), which are associated with the hopes and plans of energy conservation in lighting installations (OS), as these lamps have an 8-10 times longer life and 5 times more light output , i.e., they generate 40-50 times more light energy over their service life.

In addition, CFLs in many cases, due to their small size and the presence of a threaded base (integral lamps), can directly replace an incandescent lamp (LN) in existing fixtures. Thus, the use of CFLs may be most effective precisely in those types of OS, where today the most common IP are LI.

Such an area of \u200b\u200bapplication is, undoubtedly, the residential sector (OS of residential buildings). In most countries of the world, it is in the LV housing that remain the main IP, while in industrial, commercial and public buildings, rectilinear LL and high-pressure discharge lamps (RLVD) already occupy a dominant position.

In Germany, Sweden, the UK, LVs in housing are 86-87%, in Brazil and Mexico - 92-95%, in the USA and China, the existing fleet of household lamps with LVs is 2.9 and 3.2 billion. respectively.

Along with this, it is also important to note the ecological importance of CFLs, since one CFL with a power of 18 W during its service life can not only reduce energy consumption by a factor of 5 compared to 60 W, but also reduce by 2 times the emissions of carbon dioxide and 7.5 kg sulfur dioxide. In addition, the own mercury content in CFL is scanty (less than 3 mg in modern high-quality lamps) and practically does not pose a threat to the environment. It is also important that CFL should not be changed every 8-10 months, like LN, but once every 9-10 years.

Even a partial transfer of residential community OS to CFL is a huge reserve for saving energy resources and preserving the environment.

The main obstacle to the widest implementation of CFL at the present stage is their relatively high price. At the same time, as shown by multivariate calculations performed in many countries, the payback period for CFLs is, depending on the cost of electricity, the number of hours of use of lamps and their price, from 0.5 to 1 year.

As the study shows, in Europe, no more than 42-46% of the fleet of existing household fixtures allows direct replacement of LVs by CFLs. It is absolutely impossible to use CFLs in luminaires with small-sized halogen lamps (GLN), which are very popular in everyday life. A separate problem is the need to replace the park of floor (partially desktop and wall) reflected light fixtures with GLN. The replacement of such reflected light luminaires with CFL-compliant devices in terms of light distribution and design is extremely important.

For the introduction of CFL in all countries of the world, an explanation of the merits and economic benefits of the new generation of lamps plays a large role. But the most important, undoubtedly, is the purposeful organizational work of the state, power plants, public utilities to introduce CFL in the residential sector and government institutions through the creation of various economic benefits and incentives.

Application of fluorescent tubes type T5 with electronic ballasts

The use of a new generation of fluorescent lamps with a tube diameter of 16 mm (the so-called T5 lamps) with electronic ballasts is an important and promising area of \u200b\u200bmodern lighting technology. Unfortunately, at present in Russia the mass production of such lamps has not been mastered, the production of lamps with imported T5 lamps is carried out in scanty quantities.

In the world in recent years, the production and use of T5 lamps with electronic ballasts has progressed rapidly, gaining new positions, quickly displacing T8 lamps in a bulb with a diameter of 26 mm, not to mention T12 lamps in a bulb with a diameter of 38 mm, which have not been produced for a long time leading electric lamp companies in the world. The scale of expansion of new technology is so great that T5 lamps in Germany and the UK today make up at least 30%, in the USA - 40%, and in Sweden - 70% of the total volume of manufactured drugs. Moreover, new technology in all these countries is being developed only for T5 lamps.

The domestic industry, losing its pace, is increasingly lagging behind its competitors, continuing the mass production of obsolete equipment - T12 and T8 lamps, mainly with electromagnetic ballasts with standard losses. These devices have been banned for production in Europe since May 2002 due to their energy inefficiency and therefore are mainly exported to Russia and the CIS countries.

The main advantages of the new technology:

  • increased light output (up to 105 lm / W);
  • reduced luminous flux decrease due to the use of a protective film between the phosphor and the glass bulb, eliminating the negative effect of mercury on them (after 10 thousand hours of operation, the luminous flux decreases by no more than 5% and remains further at this level, compared with 20-30% decrease in a luminous flux for usual LL;
  • the optimum light output of T5 lamps occurs at an ambient temperature of not 22-25 °, as for ordinary LLs, but at 35 ° C, i.e. practically does not decrease in many fixtures;
  • when working only with special electronic ballasts, the power losses of the lamp-ball kit are reduced by 30-35%; at the same time, electronic ballasts have a “cut off” circuit, eliminating the constant heating of the electrodes after turning on the lamps;
  • sharply reduced mercury content in these lamps (from 30 to 3 mg);
  • 40% reduction in tube diameter (compared to T8 type LLs), a decrease in T5 lamp lengths of approximately 50 mm compared to T8 lamps of similar power;
  • increase in the average value of the lamp life up to 16 thousand hours;
  • high color rendering index (80-90).

A comparison of the characteristics of T8 and T5 lamps with Tn \u003d 4000 K is given in table 2.

The consequence of these advantages are:

  • a decrease in the installed capacity of lighting installations by 20-30% and the energy consumption in them due to the possibility of a significant reduction in the OS safety factor and power losses in power systems;
  • reducing the consumption of materials for the production of LL and fixtures, which can have significantly smaller dimensions;
  • elimination of harmful effects on human health pulsations of the light flux of lamps;
  • increasing the efficiency of lighting devices, due to higher efficiency and the ability to provide the required light intensity curves with the help of mirror and prism optics, which works much better with lamps of a smaller luminous body;
  • increasing the comfort of illumination of administrative premises due to the exclusion of glare in any direction with the help of special mirror shielding "three-dimensional" gratings;
  • improving the ecology of new technology (a sharp decrease in the potential for mercury poisoning);
  • a significant improvement in the environmental situation (a luminaire with two 35 W lamps with electronic ballasts releases 1350 kg less carbon dioxide into the atmosphere over the year compared to luminaires with electromagnetic ballasts);
  • the possibility of producing recessed luminaires with a length not exceeding the dimensions of standard building modules (due to the reduced length of the T5 lamp);
  • improvement of aesthetic characteristics of luminaires with new lamps (smaller transverse dimensions and height), compliance with the building module of suspended ceilings.

Comparative parameters of the OS of the administrative premises with lamps with LL T8 and T5 are given in table 3.

It can be expected that the initial high price, which can be 4-5 times higher than existing luminaires with LL type T8, will serve as the most important brake for the accelerated introduction of new technology. These devices, such as ceiling lights with 4 lamps of 18-20 W each, electromagnetic ballasts and mirror shields, produced by millions of pieces per year, have fallen in price over the past 5-6 years from 90-100 to 15-20 dollars .USA. Naturally, a certain period must pass from the start of mass production, during which a new expensive product can significantly fall in price.

Energy Efficiency Lighting Requirements

Deliveries of energy-efficient lighting equipment in Russia are currently small. Although all this equipment, in principle, is available, the most efficient equipment of Russian production is practically absent, and the volume of external deliveries of this equipment will be insufficient if there is a significant increase in demand for it.

Currently, the total volume of the lighting market, including imported goods, is approximately $ 2 billion per year and is likely to continue to grow.

Domestic products satisfy approximately 50% of the total demand for lighting products (light sources, lamps, power supplies, components, etc.). Most of the Russian products are inefficient obsolete products, such as incandescent lamps, first and second generation fluorescent lamps (T12, T8), electromagnetic ballasts, etc.

The quality and effectiveness of many imported products also do not meet the best international standards. High-quality equipment for lighting systems is too expensive for the Russian market and specifically for end users.

The lack of technical control and quality control of imported goods led to an influx into the Russian market of lighting products of dubious quality entering both the legal market and the vast black market. However, some positive changes are observed in the lighting products market. For example, in the Russian market, world leaders in the field of development and production of electric lamps (Osram, Philips, General Electric and several others) are increasingly represented.

When choosing light sources, it is important to understand that energy-efficient luminaires should use lamps with increased light output, usually more than 50 lm / W, with a small drop in luminous flux to enable a sharp decrease in the standardized safety factor to reduce the installed power of lighting systems, the color rendering index is more 80, with a service life of more than 4 thousand hours and cos fi\u003e 0.9.

Literature
1. Eisenberg Yu.B., Demirchan Kh.S. On increasing the use of electricity in lighting installations, Lighting. 1989. No. 12. P. 1-6.
2. Eisenberg Yu.B. Modern problems of energy-efficient lighting. Energy saving. 2009. No1. S. 42-47.
3. Eisenberg Yu.B. The task of stimulating the production and use of energy-efficient lighting products. Lighting engineering. 2009, No. 2.
4. Eisenberg Yu.B. Formation of the lighting market in Russia to improve lighting efficiency. Lighting engineering. 2009, No. 6.

To reduce energy consumption in the house, it is necessary first of all to optimize the operation mode of appliances and devices for which electricity is used.

In the house, kilowatts of energy are wasted on the operation of air conditioners, heaters - all this is a technique that provides a comfortable microclimate in our housing. As for lighting, according to statistics, it accounts for about 30 percent of electricity consumption.

Economical Lighting

Classic incandescent lamps are gradually giving way to energy-saving fluorescent lamps and LED lighting fixtures.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of replacing obsolete light bulbs, because the new generation products have several advantages. You can clearly demonstrate these advantages by comparing several key indicators of different.

Comparative characteristics of various types of lamps

Even when used, when creating a lighting plan for the home, you need to take into account such important indicators as the orientation of the rooms to the cardinal points, the number and density of green spaces in the house area.

Analysis of various factors affecting the degree of shading of rooms will help optimally position lighting fixtures.

Elegant engineering solutions, such as full glass roofs or glazing of a part of the roof over a certain room, allow not only to add a twist to the appearance of the building, but also to save electricity.

If full or partial glazing of the upper structure of the building does not fit into the style or is undesirable for some other reason, there are local solutions: for example, anti-aircraft lights are installed in the roof plane.

Uniformity, the spectral composition optimal for vision, is far from all the advantages of natural light. In the context under consideration, the main advantage of light that can enter the living room through the transparent elements of the roof is that it is completely and completely free.

To the exotic can be attributed optical fibers, a widely known variety of which are fiber-optic communication lines, including for the transmission of information.

Their optical design is quite complex, and they have not yet received large-scale applications for housing lighting.

We use smart lighting control systems

Such systems provide continuous control of electricity consumption in automatic mode. The resource of each light device is spent economically: it has been proven in practice that a set of measures to reduce energy consumption can save significant amounts on the payment of electricity. At the same time, life becomes an order of magnitude more comfortable.

If it is impossible to fully install engineering communications, the solution may be to use separate modules and equipment, such as or a motion sensor for a corridor lamp. If this is an “intelligent” house, then you can take advantage of all the advantages and capabilities of modern technology, while economically consuming electricity.

Component systems:

  • light sensors;
  • motion sensors;
  • dimmers;
  • twilight switches;
  • stair switches and other appliances.

Depending on the plan, one or another system component can be connected into one network.

  • by push-button switches;
  • through the radio channel.

One panel provides the ability to control lighting from one room in any part of the house: whether it is a garage or. Modernity dictates its own conditions, and relatively recently it has become possible to control the lighting load using the website of a smart home or using a mobile phone.

Great results

What should be expected from the use of lighting control systems in the house? A peculiar side effect is an increase in the life of the lamps. But most importantly, energy consumption is reduced by 60 percent.

According to experts, at current electricity tariffs, the installation of such "intelligent" systems pays off within a few years.

Such a long payback period is explained by the high cost of not only the devices themselves, but also the engineering networks necessary for the operation of the system.

Features of the "smart" system:

  • dimming - smooth control of the level of illumination;
  • automatic turning on and off the light - thanks;
  • light regulation depending on the time of day and weather conditions;
  • execution of given scripts;
  • remote control of a large number of different lighting devices or groups of such devices located in one zone;
  • imitation of the presence of the owners in the house - in fact, this is a security function;
  • integration into an existing information network;
  • message to the owner of the house about emergency situations and power outages in a particular area.

The perfect atmosphere for any occasion.

The list of possibilities can be supplemented in accordance with personal needs. The concept of a smart home is based on the automation of all processes. That is, all mechanisms, devices and devices, including lighting, are combined and configured, and management should be simple and affordable.

The lighting control system allows you to apply special scenarios - to get rid of the need to adjust the brightness of several in one room using switches and dimmers, and also solves many other problems.

You can set a program so that when the homeowner comes home, the light on the porch is automatically turned on. Moreover, its brightness will be optimal - a "smart" control system takes into account what is the level of natural light at the given moment in this particular place.

To watch a movie in the recreation area, a dim light is more suitable; during a birthday celebration, bright lighting is required throughout the house. And in everyday life, a gradual decrease in brightness will be convenient - at a time when it is time for the child to sleep. You can also not completely turn off the lamp, but only put it in low power mode. It’s very easy to reflect all these possible options for various life situations in light scenarios, and then apply them at the touch of a button - or by programming the system to automatically turn on one or another light scenario for a certain time.

In the passage areas - corridors, on stairwells - the light turns on and off automatically, thanks to the functioning of motion sensors. Sensors will also make sure that only the room where people are lit is lit. And even more - you can illuminate exactly that part of the room where the person is. In addition, sensors can “tell” what the level of natural light is, and in such a way as to ensure optimal balance.

The residents of the house absolutely do not need to control all the processes - this will be taken care of by the automation.

Once you ask the script, you can not be puzzled every day with questions about whether the lights are off in the children's room.

But if there is a desire, it is possible to manually set the level of illumination for the room. And the control panel, located next to the bed, will easily give an answer to questions about all the lamps in the whole house. And they can be turned off without getting out of bed.

Life support systems, including those that control electric lighting equipment, bring comfort to our lives. At the same time, they successfully solve the problem of rational energy expenditure, and these tasks go to the forefront in modern times.

Lighting reconstruction: energy-saving solutions for industrial enterprises.

One of the largest consumers of electricity in the Russian Federation are industrial enterprises. With the development of the economy, energy consumption increases, the planet’s energy resources are depleted, the costs of their production increase, and, as a result, tariffs for paying for electricity and the introduction of new capacities increase. In connection with the foregoing, the reconstruction of lighting, as well as other energy-saving measures, has become not only a concern energy services of the enterprise, but also the global problem solved by the state apparatus - in the second half of the 2000s, relevant resolutions were introduced, including a decree President No. 889 and Federal Law No. 261.

Currently, the amount of electricity spent in Russia for lighting purposes is approximately 18% of the total amount of electricity generated, while the share of industrial enterprises in the total volume is about 30% (56 billion kWh)

According to the All-Russian Scientific and Research Lighting Engineering Institute (VNISI), at present, the amount of electricity spent in Russia for lighting is about 18% of the total amount of electricity generated, while the share of industrial enterprises in the total volume is about 30% (56 billion . kWh). Due to the use of outdated types of light sources (LON, DRV, DRL, DKst, LB, etc.) and inefficient lighting devices (RSP, RKU, RO, LPO, etc.), as well as initially inaccurately designed lighting systems at most industrial facilities and the lack of attention to issues of their regulation and operation, a significant proportion of the cost of paying for electricity falls on lighting.

Thus, there is a high potential for reducing the overall energy consumption of the enterprise due to the reconstruction of the lighting system.

Lighting reconstruction of industrial enterprises

The lighting company has developed and successfully applied energy-saving solutions for the reconstruction of lighting in industrial enterprises, which also improves the quantitative and qualitative indicators of lighting installations: the average level of illumination, the uniformity of the distribution of illumination, an increase in the visual comfort of working personnel and a decrease.

As part of the industrial program, the reconstruction of lighting was carried out by HELISOITI at the largest enterprises in Russia: Severstal Iron and Steel Works, Pervouralsky Novotrubny Zavod, Tver Carriage Works, Uralmash Engineering Corporation, workshops and careers of Magnitogorsk Iron and Steel Works, the territory of the Nizhnekamsk Oil Refinery, etc. On average, the payback period of investments is no more than 2 years.

Lighting reconstruction: necessary initial data for lighting calculation

For accurate lighting calculation and preparation of a feasibility study of the proposed solution, the following initial data are required:

1. Name and purpose of the object, types of work performed.
  2. Plans or sketches of objects indicating the dimensions and heights of the shading equipment.
  3. Required light levels.
  4. Environmental conditions (temperature, the presence of chemically aggressive compounds, requirements for fire and explosion safety).
  5. Possible installation locations for new fixtures.
  6. Type, power and number of installed fixtures.
  7. The operating mode of the lighting installation, the tariff for the payment of electricity.

If necessary, representatives of the HELIOSITI company or the manufacturer of lighting equipment directly are sent to the facility.

Based on the provided source data, the Customer will be offered a solution that includes:

1. Analysis of the existing lighting system.
  2. Proposal for the reconstruction of the lighting installation.
  3. Technical description of the proposed lighting equipment.
  4. The results of lighting calculations.
  5. Layout and targeting of lighting devices.
  6. Feasibility study of the proposed solution with an indication of the payback period of capital costs.
  7. Price specification of the proposed equipment.

We hope for mutually beneficial cooperation!

 

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