Social adaptation services for unemployed citizens. My experience of social adaptation of the unemployed


Social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market
The public service is provided in accordance with the Administrative Regulations (AR) for the provision of state services for the social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market. The AR was approved by the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated June 7, 2007 No. 400, registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on July 13, 2007 No. 9835.

Citizens recognized as unemployed in accordance with the established procedure, if they:


  • have difficulty finding work;

  • looking for a job for the first time (did not work before);

  • seek to resume labor activity after a long (more than one year) break;

  • are registered with the employment service for more than 6 months;

  • have lost the ability to perform work in their former profession (specialty).
Recipients of a public service have the right to repeatedly apply for a public service.

The public service is aimed at:


  • familiarity with effective methods and methods of job search;

  • drawing up an “Individual Job Search Plan”;

  • formation of skills of independent job search;

  • compiling a resume;

  • practicing self-presentation skills, conducting business interviews with employers;

  • activation of personal and professional growth.

  • Application-questionnaire (Appendix No. 3) or consent of an unemployed citizen with a proposal to provide a public service for the social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market (Appendix No. 4);

Government service provided in the form of conducting classes with one unemployed citizen (on an individual basis) and (or) with a group of unemployed citizens (on a group basis) The public service is provided in accordance with the schedule for conducting individual and group classes with unemployed citizens.

The maximum duration of the provision of public services for:
individual form - no more than 8 hours during a calendar month;
group form of holding - no more than 32 hours during the calendar month

The result of the provision of public services is obtaining by an unemployed citizen the skills of independent search for a suitable job, writing a resume, conducting a business conversation with an employer, self-presentation; obtaining an opinion on the provision of an unemployed citizen with a state service for the social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market

The grounds for refusal to provide a citizen with a public service are the absence of:


  • the absence of an order from the Central Health Commission on recognizing a citizen as unemployed in the prescribed manner;

  • removal of a citizen, recognized in the prescribed manner as unemployed, from the register as unemployed;

  • the absence of a completed application form or the consent of an unemployed citizen with the proposal of an employee of the EPC to provide a public service

The refusal of an unemployed citizen does not entail legal consequences.
In case of refusal of an unemployed citizen from the proposal of an employee of the EPC for the provision of a public service, it can be provided on the basis of an application form submitted by an unemployed citizen to the EPC.
The full text of the Administrative Regulations for the provision of public services for the social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market.

Psychological support for unemployed citizens
The public service is provided in accordance with the Administrative Regulations (AR) for the provision of public services for the psychological support of unemployed citizens.
The AR was approved by the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated November 27, 2007 No. 726, registered by the Ministry of Justice of Russia on December 13, 2007 No. 10687

Public Service Recipients

Citizens duly recognized as unemployed in accordance with the legislation on employment
Unemployed citizens have the right to repeatedly apply for public services.

The public service is provided for the purpose overcoming existing psychological, personal and professional problems that impede professional self-realization and career growth

Documents required to receive public services


  • Application - a questionnaire (Appendix No. 1) or a proposal from an EPC employee on the provision of a public service (Appendix No. 2);

  • an individual program for the rehabilitation of a disabled person, issued in accordance with the established procedure, for unemployed citizens belonging to the category of disabled people;

  • order of the Central Health Commission on the recognition of a citizen in the prescribed manner as unemployed.

    Terms of public service provision

Public service is provided to an unemployed citizen by appointment.

The result of the provision of a public service is the receipt by a citizen of an opinion that contains recommendations on:


  • increasing motivation to work, activating the position on job search and employment;

  • full resolution or reduction of the relevance of psychological problems that impede professional and social self-realization;

  • optimizing the psychological state;

  • activation of the position on job search and employment;

  • reduction of terms of job search and employment;

  • increasing adaptation to existing conditions.

The grounds for refusing to provide an unemployed citizen with a public service are the absence of:


  • a completed application-questionnaire or the consent of an unemployed citizen with the proposal of the worker of the EPC for the provision of public services;

  • an individual rehabilitation program for a disabled person, issued in accordance with the established procedure to unemployed citizens belonging to the category of disabled people;

  • an order of the Central Health Commission on recognizing a citizen as unemployed in the prescribed manner;

  • the order of the Central Health Commission on the removal of a citizen, recognized in the prescribed manner as unemployed, from the register as unemployed.

  • On the basis of a personal written application, an unemployed citizen has the right to refuse the offer of an employee of the employment center to provide a public service.

  • In case of refusal of an unemployed citizen from the proposal of an employee of the EPC for the provision of a public service, it can be provided on the basis of an application form submitted by an unemployed citizen to the EPC after the refusal.

The procedure for appealing against actions (inaction) and decisions carried out (adopted) in the course of the provision of public services

Recipients of public services have the right to appeal against decisions taken in the course of the provision of public services, actions or inaction of employees of bodies involved in the provision of public services.
Recommendations to citizens on increasing motivation to work, self-realization, correction of the psychological state.

Tip 1 . In any event, in any person, there are both positive and negative sides. Everything that happens in life is neutral for a person, and only he himself imposes on what is happening either a negative assessment or a positive one. Develop positive thinking skills.

Tip 2 . Start analyzing and reflecting. And then, the positive that you can see will help you calm down, orient yourself in the situation and make the right decision.

Tip 3 . The right solutions are hard to find. Learn. Take this opportunity to expand your professional experience. The more you know and be able to, the wider your professional opportunities, the higher the probability of getting a good job.

Ways to find work:

Through the State Employment Service.

Recruitment agencies.

Direct contact with the employer.

Personal contacts (relatives, friends, acquaintances).

Media (Internet, newspapers, magazines).

Job fairs.

Placing an announcement about your offer in the media.

An active job search involves the following:

purposefulness of the search (determination of employment options: ideal, intermediate, spare);

studying the bank of enterprises;

systematic work with operational information;

phone calls for good luck;

search visits;

drawing up a job search plan, discussing job search tactics with a professional consultant;

regular record-keeping of steps taken to find a job, planning and analysis of their actions;

presentation of oneself: compiling an autobiography, resume, sending them to companies of interest;

training for another specialty, advanced training;

selection of a suitable job in the specialty, not in the specialty, temporary.

HOW TO COMPLETE A PERSONAL CV CORRECTLY

Job search is a whole technology. And one of the successful components of the search is a well-written personal resume. In most cases, it is useless to start looking for a job if you do not have a “visiting card of the applicant” - a resume. After all, one very important point depends on how successfully it is drawn up - whether the employer agrees to invite you to a conversation.

A prepared resume can also serve as:

as a scheme for a short story about yourself;

· as information in the conditions of competitive selection;

instead of a business card when communicating;

business "couple" to the cover letter when applying to the organization;

· Orientation for friends and acquaintances contributing to your employment.

The most common three types of resumes - chronological, functional, combined:

CHRONOLOGICAL. In this most common type of resume

all work experience is consistently shown. Places of work are indicated (starting from the last), position, duties performed. This structure allows you to track the development of your career. A chronological resume wins if the organizations and positions you have worked in can impress a potential employer, as well as if your work experience shows career growth.

FUNCTIONAL. The focus of this resume type is on your

creativity, skills and professional skills. This resume is used less often than the chronological one, but it wins if you have breaks in work that you would not like to advertise.

COMBINED. Recently, this type of resume has been most commonly used, which combines elements of both a chronological and functional resume.

It is important to know the basic rules for writing a resume.

The summary should not contain spelling and stylistic errors, as well as typos. Therefore, before sending the document, be sure to let a person who knows Russian well read it.

In no case do not lie when writing a resume - with the current level of communication, it will not be difficult to check your track record.

The resume should be short but informative. Try not to exceed one sheet. Use only full titles of positions and firms, not abbreviations.

If you are applying for different vacancies, do not write “I can work as a secretary or client manager, as well as a layout designer”. It is best to write a separate summary for each specific case. If you are just undertaking a massive mailing to companies, you can list all the specialties that you own. But at the same time, it is necessary to think over your goals very well and state them clearly and clearly.

Make sure that the resume is designed in the same style, without “bells and whistles”, and is easy to read. Highlight the headings you need using bold type. Use the commonly used times new roman or arial in sizes 10 to 14. Be sure to use quality A4 size white paper for printing. Print your original on a laser or inkjet printer on one side of the paper only.

A photo is attached to the resume only if it is specifically agreed - for example, for waiters, the presence of a resume with a photo is the rule. In other cases, a resume with a photo is not a very good tone.

The state service for the social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market is provided in order to reduce the time it takes for unemployed citizens to find suitable work, and to mitigate the consequences of unemployment.

Program participants are given the opportunity to:

Choose the form of training (group or individual)

Pass a computer or blank test:

Watch videos;

Work with periodicals containing information about free

jobs and vacancies;

Search for a job through the information portal of Rostrud "Work in Russia".

Taking into account the characteristics of various categories of citizens, the following programs are used:

Group training programs for the social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market (profile groups: A, B);

A program of group classes for the social adaptation of unemployed citizens who experience difficulties in finding work due to disability, restrictions on work;

The program of conducting classes on an individual basis.

The programs include:

Information blocks (analysis of the state of the vacancy market in the region, available options for employment, vocational training, advanced training, self-employment);

Training blocks (drawing up a plan of specific actions that ensure employment, training in independent job search skills, techniques for conducting search phone calls, writing a resume):

Business games on the formation of skills for successful behavior in the labor market and self-presentation.

Social work with unemployed citizens includes psychological support, which involves methods that help professional self-determination, value orientations, competitiveness, and the realization of one's own career.

Romm M.V. in scientific publications on the social adaptation of the individual, he wrote that social work is carried out by optimizing the psychological state of a person, resolving or at least reducing the severity of the psychological problems facing him. The main areas of socio-psychological support in his opinion are:

  • - promoting the full mental development of the individual,
  • - prevention of possible psychological problems,

assisting a person in his self-knowledge, adequate self-esteem and adaptation in real life conditions,

Formation of the value-motivational sphere,

Achieving emotional stability,

Harmonization of personality and interpersonal relationships.

Citizens recognized as unemployed in accordance with the established procedure in accordance with the legislation on employment of the population receive the state psychological support service. This service is provided upon personal application of an unemployed citizen with an application form for the provision of public services for psychological support. In addition, an unemployed person can receive psychological support as a result of the proposal of an employee of the Employment Center to provide an unemployed citizen with a state service for psychological support. (Appendix 3)

A necessary aspect of the activity of a social worker is the implementation of preventive measures that help reduce the possibility of unemployment. One such event is career guidance activities of a social worker at school.

Schoolchildren are guided by professions that are generally considered to be highly paid, relevant, prestigious, including: lawyer, economist, financier, manager, etc. Labor market, employment and wages: http://www.gks.ru/wps/wcm/connect/rosstat_main/rosstat/ru/statistics/wages/

In connection with the above, the activities of a social worker should be aimed at informing about the demand for a profession, its prospects, preparing school graduates for a conscious choice of a profession. Butko E.Ya. Features of the development of the system of primary vocational education / E.Ya. Butko // Professional. 1994 No. 3-4 S. 3

The problem of employment of the population should be among the first tasks in any civilized country. Unemployment brings with it the spiritual, moral, moral degradation of people.

Helping a person out of a crisis is at the heart of social work. First of all, the unemployed, whose ability to adapt to new conditions is reduced, is supported by a social worker. He acts as an intermediary - an assistant between the state, designed to be a defender of the rights of its citizens and a person. The need for such mediation is due to the fact that the state does not always act as the link that guarantees the rights and worthy ways of its existence. The reaction of a person who does not receive guarantees is antisocial behavior, a psychological crisis.

In accordance with the law "On Employment in the Russian Federation", citizens of our country have the right to free advice in choosing a profession, vocational training. The social worker acts as a consultant and provides advice on the availability of vacancies, on the enterprises where they are available, on the possibility of retraining.

Help in overcoming a stressful situation is the first step towards finding employment for the unemployed. The next area of ​​assistance of a social worker will be teaching the unemployed the skills of self-presentation, planning their employment, by setting the order of job search goals.

For the effective inclusion of the unemployed in labor activity, a mechanism is needed, which includes the implementation of an active policy by employment services, enshrined in legal norms. The activity of a social worker consists in the application of specific measures to ensure employment, which help the unemployed to restore faith in their strength, return to active work, as well as to cooperation with society and self-realization.

Social workers organize public works, temporary employment, internships in order to gain work experience for unemployed citizens, job seekers, including graduates of educational institutions, as well as workers in the event of a threat of dismissal, support job seekers who move to another locality for employment at workplaces of a permanent and temporary nature, train employees in case of a threat of mass layoffs, and promote the development of small business.

Having studied the concept of unemployment at different stages of the history of the formation of labor in Russia, having also studied the causes of unemployment, its types and regulatory framework, considering the unemployed as an object of social work, we can conclude that the phenomenon of employment is closely related to the labor market.

Unemployment is not only the poverty of significant segments of the population, but also spiritual and moral impoverishment. In this regard, the solution of the problem of employment of the population is among the priority tasks in any civilized country.

We reviewed the basic theory of work with the unemployed and concluded that understanding the basics is an important component of social work with the unemployed in practice.

8. Programs of social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market ("Club of Job Seekers" and "New Start").

Special basic programs to promote employment for unemployed citizens "Club of Job Seekers" began to function in the CZN since 1999.

From 2007-2008 261 people were able to participate in these programs. When forming groups into clubs, the criteria for selecting the unemployed with low motivation for employment were looked through, as a rule, these are the second group who are not working for a long time, who are looking for the first time, who do not have a profession and have not started working. Women participated actively in all groups. Youth aged 16-29 years - 150 people. (62%).

Overcoming the psychological consequences of unemployment, stabilizing the emotional state, mastering effective job search technologies helped 100 unemployed (45%), 6 people, find employment after participating in programs. went to training, 2 people. participated in public works, 3 pers. sent under the Youth Practice program. The practical experience of the "clubs" as a result, shows the quality and effectiveness of assistance.

Minimize the time for integration of certain categories of unemployed citizens into the mainstream of productive activity.

To reduce the syndrome of social maladaptation, to restore the motivation for employment among citizens who have a long break in their labor activity.

Develop independence and entrepreneurial initiative.

The return of citizens to active work will save federal budget funds for unemployment benefits.

9. Assistance in the development of self-employment of the population.

A purposeful and balanced employment policy involves a system of measures to create conditions for a more complete use of the potential of labor and business activity of the population in the framework of the socio-economic development of the region. Entrepreneurial or creative abilities of a person are manifested in the ability to open their own business or business, as well as in the rational use of labor, land, capital and other economic resources.

For 2007-2008 more than 2 thousand unemployed people were assisted in organizing entrepreneurial activities, of which 103 people. set up their own business. The most active activities were carried out to support entrepreneurial initiatives of unemployed citizens in 2007-2008. (2007 - 40 people (38.8%), 2008 - 33 people (32%).

103 people were engaged in individual entrepreneurial activity without forming a legal entity.

The most active in organizing their own business are women, more than half of them (60%). The selected types of activities, as a rule, do not require significant capital investments, and, at the same time, are very diverse.

When organizing your own business, preference is given to the production and sale of agricultural products on the basis of personal subsidiary plots.

More than half of the entrepreneurs (55%) who opened their business with the assistance of the service and employment authorities continue to work successfully.

The main factors hindering the development of self-employment among the unemployed registered with the employment service are:

Lack of start-up capital;

Inability to obtain loans from banks due to high interest rates;

Lack of information about the state of product sales markets and potential partners.

10. Development and improvement of the quality of the system of vocational education for unemployed citizens and the unemployed population.

The system of vocational education is not yet flexible enough to respond to the processes taking place in society. The definition of professions and specialties for which students are trained often takes place without taking into account the real needs of the labor market.

Economic reform also creates new specific requirements for the quality of the labor force, which determine the competitiveness of an employee in the labor market.

These requirements include:

High professional competence, intellectual and creative potential, the ability to perceive innovations and be a participant in innovations,

Adaptation of the worker to rapidly changing production conditions,

Continuous professional development, development of new knowledge,

Mastering several specialties and production operations by the employee,

Professional mobility

The presence of high business and personal qualities.

However, at the current stage of the formation of the labor market, most enterprises are not economically interested in improving the skills of their employees (especially in training young workers), which is due to the increased trend towards self-preservation, the survival of enterprises, when the objectives of the strategy temporarily fade into the background.

Vocational training for unemployed citizens, laid-off workers and the unemployed population has become one of the most important components of an active policy to promote employment of the population.

One of the priority areas of the employment program is vocational training for unemployed citizens and the unemployed.

The organization of training is carried out on the basis of contractual relationships with employment centers and free admission of the unemployed.

The list of professions and specialties offered for training: PC user, hairdresser, tailor, cutter, hat dressmaker, electric and gas welder.

The curricula reflect the characteristics of this institution and are designed taking into account the current conditions and, perhaps most importantly, the mobility of education:

The minimum level accepted for training;

The level of education received;

The contingent of listeners;

Duration and mode of classes;

Types of training sessions;

Number of teaching hours.

Thus, the educational process takes into account the possibility of development of each student, depending on his abilities and needs, provides each student with the opportunity to satisfy their professional skills, as well as reorient themselves in a changing labor market.

During the reporting period, with the assistance of the EPC, 564 citizens got the opportunity to acquire a new, master a second (adjacent) profession, improve their skills, including 260 unemployed EPCs in Kemerovo:

Fundamentals of computer literacy - 152 people, a hairdresser - 37 people, a tailor - 76 people, a cutter - 67 people, a hat milliner - 56 people.

Three people from among those who completed their studies in the specialty of a hat dressmaker and a hairdresser organized self-employment.

Ten unemployed people were trained in the basics of entrepreneurship and organized their own business.

Vocational training of unemployed citizens takes place on the basis of vocational education institutions that have won the competition for the provision of educational services. Territorial data banks on professions, specialties, types of work have been created and are constantly updated. The list of professions and specialties offered for training, educational services are provided to 16 types of activities. Training on them is carried out taking into account the requirements of the labor market and using modern effective technologies and teaching methods.

Particular attention is paid to the organization of training for citizens who are in particular need of social protection and who experience difficulties in finding a suitable job. The share of young people (in the total number of those sent to vocational training) from 2007 to 2008 increased to 88%. Among those sent for training, 80% were women.

The main problems of vocational training for the unemployed are:

Insufficient quality of services provided by educational institutions. Educational institutions that have experience in teaching adolescents and youth often cannot organize effective training for the adult population;

Weak development of the educational and material base of individual educational institutions that accept for training in the direction of the employment service bodies;

Lack of funding for advanced training and pedagogical skills of persons providing adult education;

The lack of a reasonable diagnostic determination of the level and quality of mastering the educational material in all forms of education;

Discrepancies between supply and demand for educational services in the professional and qualification context.

The main problem in 2009 will be the insufficient funding of this area from the federal budget, which will lead to a reduction in the proportion of people in education

The main goal of vocational training is to increase the competitiveness of unemployed citizens, laid-off workers and the unemployed population by providing them with various educational services based on the coordination of the needs of the individual, employers and labor market forecasts.

The vocational training system is designed to solve the following tasks:

Improving the system of vocational training for unemployed citizens, as an integral part of the state policy in the field of human resource development;

Assistance in the formation of an optimal balance of supply and demand for the professional and qualification structure of the city's workforce

Implementation of the social order for the training of qualified personnel, taking into account the needs of the labor market;

Organization of effective control over the quality of educational services provided, targeted use of financial resources.

Vocational training, advanced training, retraining will continue to contribute to ensuring effective, freely chosen employment of citizens, increasing their professional mobility and social security.

The competitiveness of 10% of registered unemployed citizens will be increased.

Among the types of training will prevail:

Retraining of citizens in order to acquire new professions (specialties);

Advanced training of persons in order to ensure the growth of professional skills in existing professions, specialties, the development of advanced technology, labor organization;

Internship of persons from among workers and specialists in order to form and consolidate in practice previously acquired knowledge and skills, acquire professional and organizational skills to perform duties (works) in a higher position (qualification).

In order to provide citizens with the most complete information about available vacancies and professions that are in demand on the labor market, and employers - candidates for filling vacancies, in 2008, the employment service agencies held more than 380 fairs, which significantly exceeds the number of fairs held in 2007-119 ; The number of organizations participating in the fairs also increased significantly from 185 (indicator in 2007) to 683 in 2008.

The number of citizens who visited the fair increased almost 3 times in 2007 5616; in 2008-13960. 3,622 people received job referrals.

Considerable attention was paid in 2008 to the organization and holding of specialized and thematic job fairs and training jobs for certain categories of the population.

Practically in all regions of the Russian Federation, positive experience has been gained in holding specialized job fairs for young people, during which the most complete information is provided to young people on career guidance, training in professions that are in demand on the labor market, retraining, and legal issues about vacancies.

In total, 850,000 rubles were spent from the federal budget to organize job fairs and training jobs in 2008.

The share of registered unemployed among the total number of unemployed increased from 23% in 2007 to 27% in 2008. In working with the population, the employment service authorities paid much attention to the initial reception of citizens, the provision of consulting services to them and their involvement in active employment promotion programs. During the year, 25.9 thousand people received consulting services, which is 4.3% more than in 2007.

The main clients of the employment services continue to be people who find it difficult to find a job on their own, due to low qualifications, short work experience, as well as citizens unable to cope with life changes and professional difficulties. More than half of them are persons in special need of social protection.

In order to expand employment opportunities for citizens and provide services to employers in the selection of necessary workers, employment service bodies in all regions worked to inform the population and employers about the situation on the labor market by replenishing the bank of vacancies (vacancies).

Demand is mainly for working specialties, they account for from 78% to 80% of vacancies.

Social work with the unemployed

The main goal of social work with the unemployed is to optimize and / or overcome the difficult life situation in which the person who has lost his job has found himself. A difficult life situation is characterized as a social problem, with the solution of which a person himself, without the intervention of a specialist, cannot cope.

Job loss is a strong stress factor for a person: the feeling of anxiety increases, self-esteem decreases. In such situations, the most effective methods of work are services for the social adaptation of the unemployed in the labor market. Therefore, the problem of psychological assistance to the unemployed, his social adaptation has recently become more and more relevant. Methodological guide for working with unemployed citizens Krasnoyarsk: Krasnoyarsk regional center for vocational guidance and psychological support of the population, 2009. - 23 p.

Consider the features of social work, directly aimed at the socio-psychological support of the unemployed.

First of all, they are Social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market”. In its most general form, the concept of "social adaptation" can be defined as follows: it is the process of interaction of the subject with the social environment, during which the requirements and expectations of its participants are coordinated, aimed at obtaining: Kuznetsova L.P. Basic technologies of social work: Textbook / L.P. Kuznetsova. - Vladivostok: Publishing House of the Far Eastern State Technical University, 2002. - P. 47.

The skill of active, independent job search;

Drawing up a resume;

Conducting a business conversation with the employer, self-presentation;

Overcoming the consequences of long-term unemployment, increasing motivation to work;

Self-correlation also helps to reduce the period of searching for a suitable job due to the formation of an active life position in an unemployed citizen.

Forms of work with the unemployed are implemented at two levels:

Organizational work of the club type (information, career guidance);

Psychological, training work (acquisition of skills for independent job search, for example, mastering the technique of talking on the phone, etc.).

Psychological support for the unemployed aimed at

Increasing the motivation of the unemployed citizen to work,

Activation of the position on job search and employment,

Reduction of terms of job search and employment,

Complete resolution or reduction of the relevance of psychological problems that impede professional and social self-realization,

Increasing adaptation to existing conditions,

Realization of a professional career by optimizing the psychological state.

The provision of psychological support to unemployed citizens can be carried out by employees of bodies and institutions involved in the provision of public services, and (or) other specialists who have the necessary knowledge, work experience and are involved in the provision of public services. The most effective forms of work are permanent clubs and courses.

In the Employment Center of the city of Zelenogorsk, as part of the social adaptation of unemployed citizens in the labor market, there are several group programs:

1) Club of job seekers.

2) New start.

3) Five steps towards work.

4) Start in the profession.

5) Job search technology.

These programs are intended for unemployed citizens seeking to resume or just start their labor activity, and at the same time wishing to increase their competitiveness in the labor market through mastering the system of basic knowledge, skills and job search skills:

Knowledge of various ways and methods of job search;

Ability to create an individual job search plan;

CV and CV writing skills;

Ability to conduct effective telephone conversations with employers;

Business negotiation skills;

Knowledge of the basic rules for preparing and passing an interview with an employer;

Ability to competently compose a professional portfolio;

Knowledge of the rules of adaptation in a new work team.

Classes under the programs are carried out in the form of conducting classes as with one unemployed citizen (in an individual form of conducting) and (or) with a group of unemployed citizens (in a group form of conducting) according to certain programs.

The most demanded by the unemployed is the following areas.

Program "Job Search Workshop". Participation in it allows them to overcome the negative psychological consequences of unemployment, to conduct an independent job search more actively. Classes were held weekly, they provided information on job search methods, the situation on the labor market, and the opportunity to get acquainted with the program modules. The result of these classes is a written resume, preparation for an interview with an employer, mastering self-presentation techniques and a job search strategy. In addition, within the framework of this program, the following modules were in demand: “Preparation for an interview with an employer” and “Phone call to an enterprise”.

In the current year, 52 people, who mainly have higher and secondary vocational education, took part in this program. 10 people were employed after this program and 12 were sent for training at the expense of the employment service.

Program Job Seekers Club. The main goal of the activity is to help people gain confidence in themselves, their abilities, to strengthen the desire for an independent job search. The most effective forms of work in clubs for job seekers are socio-psychological trainings on the topics of "Technology of employment", "Psychological aspects of successful employment", "Self-confidence training", "Fundamentals of effective communication", "Achieving goals when looking for a job", "How find a job?”, “Providing psychological assistance to the unemployed of middle and older age”.

At the trainings, the tasks of increasing social activity, forming a new attitude to life are solved. Participants acquire new, more successful ways of behaving in a job search situation.

In the past period, 33 unemployed citizens took part in the program, 19 people were employed after this program and 9 were sent for training at the expense of the employment service.

Program "Start in the profession." The composition of the participants in this course - young people, suggests paying more attention to the issues of choosing a profession, therefore, tests were conducted in the classroom to determine interests, inclinations, skills, and exercises to help determine the planning of a professional path. Participants were assisted in mastering basic job search skills, interviewing, explaining what the labor market is and getting information about in-demand vacancies, in providing a practical opportunity to search for vacancies and apply for them.

Last year, 13 unemployed citizens took part in the program, after the program 7 people were employed.

Unemployment has a destructive effect not only on a person who has fallen into such a situation, but also for his family. First of all, unemployment leads to a decrease in her family's standard of living. In the families of the unemployed, the number of divorces is increasing, and there are more cases of child abuse. Children develop deviations in behavior, they have nervous disorders, and the level of morbidity increases. Studies show that 60 to 90% of people of all ages need the help of professional psychologists. In connection with these factors, the family does not perform the most important functions assigned to it by society, and this leads to its destruction. To help mobilize all forces and get out of a difficult situation is the task of society and social work specialists.

To bring the unemployed and their families out of the crisis, the social worker uses various types of assistance. Social workers should identify the families of the unemployed and watch them. First of all, he studies the state of the families of the unemployed, and having already identified the main problems (presence of antisocial behavior, poor living conditions, poor performance of children), he applies a certain direction of assistance: sending the unemployed and their family members to the psychological assistance service; providing legal assistance in case of unjustified dismissal, incorrect payment of benefits, etc.

The following data is required for analysis:

Number of family members, including children;

Gender and age of children and parents;

The financial situation of the family;

Number of unemployed in the family;

The duration of the period of unemployment, its causes;

Living conditions;

Relationships between parents, children, parents and children;

The state of health of children and parents, the presence of patients, disabled since childhood;

Level of education of the unemployed;

Occupation of the unemployed, work experience;

Information about whether children study at which educational institution;

children's progress;

The presence of antisocial behavior among family members, its types (alcoholism, drug addiction, etc.);

Opportunities for summer holidays;

The circle of interests of the family, etc.

An important role in the provision of social assistance is played by such a form of social and preventive work as social patronage of the families of the unemployed, i.e. regular visits to these families and providing them with comprehensive assistance. This measure will help prevent family conflicts and the transformation of the unemployed into the homeless if the family rejects him.

Identification of the main problems in the family of the unemployed will determine the areas of assistance that a social worker can offer them.

Family members of the unemployed who are dependent on him, as well as citizens who have lost the right to unemployment benefits due to the expiration of the period established by law for its payment, may be provided with material and other assistance, including subsidies for the use of housing, utilities, public transport, health services and catering.

Provision of legal assistance: defending the interests of the unemployed and their families; provision of various consulting services on legal issues, labor and social legislation, including protection of the rights of the unemployed in the event of their unjustified dismissal, improper payment of benefits, etc. A social worker can assist an unemployed person in finding a job and finding a job.

A social worker can help the unemployed to form their association. For children who want to earn money, it would be possible to create - with their own help - children's cooperatives. A social worker can contribute to the organization of various courses, circles.

Unemployed adults, united, could create their own enterprises. At the same time, they could support each other morally as well. people who are in the same difficult situation understand each other better.

Thus, the Zelenogorsk Employment Center is a structural element of the State Employment Service of the Russian Federation and plays an important role in the implementation of the state and regional employment policy, assists the population in finding employment and selecting suitable personnel, and regulates the development of the city's labor market.

Promoting the employment and employment of unemployed citizens is a complex multifaceted process, based on the professional and personal capabilities of the client. The activities of the Employment Center are aimed at social support for citizens experiencing difficulties in finding a job. At the same time, it solves not only social, economic, but also psychological problems of the unemployed.

One of the main directions of the active employment service for working with various categories of the unemployed is the diagnosis and correction of negative psychological conditions, because a stable emotional state contributes to quick employment. The most effective is the proactive complex psychological assistance to the unemployed, which includes: counseling, psychodiagnostics, correction, psychoprophylaxis and various types of psychotherapy. The result of the participation of unemployed citizens in social adaptation programs:

Complete resolution or reduction of the relevance of psychological problems that impede professional and social self-realization;

Increasing adaptation to existing conditions and the implementation of a professional career by optimizing the psychological state.

At the same time, as experience shows, it significantly increases the activity of people in search of work, improves their psychological state, and provides the necessary knowledge and skills. By visiting them, an unemployed citizen discovers in himself the qualities that will help him find a job, gain confidence in his own abilities, acquire job search skills, navigate life situations more boldly, and quickly enter the field of activity where they can apply their knowledge and experience.

 

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