Things to consider when choosing cameras. Which camera is better for a novice photographer to buy at the initial stage? What are the cameras

Do you want to buy a digital camera but don't understand them at all? In this article, we will show you how to choose a digital camera and give some purchase recommendations.

If you are standing in the middle of a store and you have no time to understand the intricacies and nuances of digital photography, below is a list of high-quality cameras of various categories.

  • Budget SLR: Nikon D3300
  • General-purpose compact camera: Panasonic Lumix ZS100
  • Superzoom camera: Panasonic Lumix FZ1000
  • Expensive compact camera: Panasonic Lumix LX100
  • Semi Pro DSLR: Nikon D750
  • One of the best interchangeable-lens cameras: Sony A7R II
  • Megapixels (sensor resolution) are not as important as commonly believed. The final quality of photos is more affected by the size of the sensor, the autofocus system and optical image stabilization.
  • Don't cling to the "best" or newest camera. Cameras of the same class and price range rarely stand out from the general group. Typically, a camera is rated according to four criteria: photo quality, performance, function, and design. In turn, cameras of the latest releases are usually not much superior to previous models.
  • If you buy a camera in a store, then you have a good opportunity to independently evaluate its advantages and disadvantages. Make sure the camera is comfortable and not so large or heavy that you would rather leave it at home. Enjoy the convenience of buttons, display brightness, menus and other camera features. On touchscreen models, the menus may be inconsistent or poorly organized.

Why buy a camera if your smartphone can take pictures?

Many cameras have an optical zoom that is vastly superior to the digital zoom of mobile devices. Even if your smartphone has a dual camera, the lens of a compact camera will still be better than the optics of a mobile phone or tablet.

Mobile cameras have made great strides over the past few years. It should be borne in mind, however, that a camera specially designed for photography is superior to mobile devices in quality, speed and functionality. Therefore, even novice photographers prefer cameras for capturing events, holidays or travel.

Interchangeable-lens cameras

Interchangeable-lens digital cameras are divided into DSLRs and cameras without a mirror. Interchangeable-lens cameras have several advantages:

  • you have the option to buy a better quality lens or a lens that better suits your goals
  • you can buy a lens with a wider or narrower field of view

Among single-lens cameras, there are pseudo-mirror cameras and compact soap dish cameras. Pseudo-SLR cameras are very similar to DSLRs and are usually equipped with quality optics.

Single-lens cameras have the following advantages:

  • they are compact and lightweight
  • optics of pseudo-mirror cameras in quality and capabilities correspond to expensive lenses, but at the same time they are cheaper and weigh less
  • changing the lens is not always convenient
  • many use only one lens

DSLR or a camera without a mirror?

If you decide to buy a camera with interchangeable lenses, you need to decide - choose a DSLR or a camera without a mirror. Many people think that a DSLR is the only correct choice. This is not always true. The quality of photographs taken with a camera without a mirror and with a DSLR camera is very close, provided that similar sensors and optics are used. Mid-range and high-end interchangeable-lens SLRs are equipped with productive, state-of-the-art electronics, sophisticated autofocusing and high burst speed. Keep in mind that the quality of the images is affected more by an expensive lens than an expensive body.

The following are the advantages of SLR cameras:

  • the viewfinder of an inexpensive SLR camera is significantly better than the viewfinder of an inexpensive camera without a mirror
  • the battery life of a DSLR is usually longer than the battery life of a camera without a mirror
  • no adapter needed to use old lenses with a DSLR
  • inexpensive DSLRs cost less than interchangeable lens cameras without a mirror in the same price range

Interchangeable-lens cameras without a mirror also have a number of positive qualities:

  • these cameras are usually smaller and lighter than SLRs. Their lenses are also smaller and lighter.
  • interchangeable-lens cameras without a mirror are better suited for video shooting
  • the image stabilization system of cameras without a mirror is usually better than that of DSLRs

What to look for when buying a camera

If you need very high quality photos, pay attention to the sensor size. The larger the sensor, the better. However, the price of the camera increases with the size of the sensor.

What is important for shooting video

If you plan on shooting video, look for cameras with a good autofocus system. There are also cameras on sale with the ability to shoot video with 4K resolution and with a large number of frames per second.

How important is light sensitivity

If you plan on shooting a lot in low light, take a look at your camera's ISO. For these purposes, cameras with a large sensor and a good image stabilization system are better suited.

How important is zoom

Cameras with a large zoom factor are great for travel, as you can get closer to distant objects. If you are planning to shoot sports, then you will need a camera with a very good autofocus system.

The main types of lenses are listed below:

  • ultra wide-angle lens (less than 18mm) - suitable for shooting large scenes
  • wide-angle lens (18 to 30 mm) - suitable for group photography, landscape photography and street photography
  • standard lens (30 to 70 mm) - suitable for portraits
  • telephoto lens (70 to 300mm) - suitable for portraits and sports
  • super telephoto lens (over 300mm) suitable for sports and wildlife photography

How important is shooting speed

Photo speed is important if you plan on photographing action or objects in motion. In such a case, pay attention to the autofocus system and the speed of the camera when taking a series of photos. You should also find out about the quality of pictures at high ISO values \u200b\u200b(ISO 800 - ISO 6400).

What's important for wildlife photography

If you plan on photographing wildlife, your camera should be dustproof and waterproof. Some models are also adapted for photography in low temperatures. Compact cameras for underwater photography are available on the market. It should also be borne in mind that an SLR camera has a longer battery life than an interchangeable lens camera without a mirror. You will also need spare batteries, memory cards, and a nice, handy bag for your camera and accessories.

How important is the viewfinder

The viewfinder is very important, especially if you have to shoot in bright conditions. It is extremely inconvenient to use the LCD display in bright sun.

How important is Wi-Fi

Many cameras are equipped with Wi-Fi or Bluetooth for communication with a computer or mobile device, which makes it possible to quickly upload photos. Be aware that these communication systems are not always user-friendly. Before buying a camera, we recommend that you read consumer reviews on the Internet and watch video reviews.

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Have you decided to buy a digital camera? Let me congratulate you. This is one of the best ways to make a gaping hole in your family budget. It is most likely useless to dissuade you, so I will just tell you how to choose a digital camera so that this choice will cause you minimal financial and psychological damage.

Unfortunately, it is impossible to give unambiguous, universal recommendations for choosing a camera for the abstract beginner photographer, since the needs of all photographers are different. Different photographic tasks require different equipment. A camera that suits me completely may not be right for you. Despite this, I still try to highlight here specific models of digital cameras that meet, in my opinion, the requirements of the widest circle of photographers.

What you should pay attention to

Marketers never tire of brainwashing naive amateur photographers with camera parameters that are easily quantifiable (resolution, ISO, zoom ratio, etc.), although they say very little about the suitability of the camera for real shooting outside the walls of a photographic store.

The resolution of a camera (more precisely, its matrix) is measured in megapixels (Mp), i.e. in the number of points that make up the camera matrix, and hence the images obtained with it. Today, the resolution of digital cameras exceeds the capabilities of their lenses, and, what is sadder, far exceeds the capabilities of most photographers who shoot with these cameras. Ten megapixels is enough for anyone, and today it is difficult to find a camera with a lower resolution. Instead of resolution, pay more attention to the physical size of the matrix - the larger the size (i.e., the smaller the crop factor of the matrix), the better. All other things being equal, a larger sensor is more sensitive to light, has a higher dynamic range and is less noisy.

ISO is the standard for the sensitivity of a photographic material (in our case, a digital matrix) to light. The maximum ISO value indirectly measures the camera's ability to shoot in low light conditions, but remember that higher sensitivity inevitably leads to noise. What is the use of the manufacturer's declared maximum ISO 102400 if it cannot be used in practice, since the image will be a solid red and blue mess? Compact cameras with small sensors always behave horribly at high ISOs. DSLRs look much better, but they also take some common sense.

The zoom factor is simply the ratio between the maximum and minimum focal lengths of a zoom lens. For example, a lens with a focal length of 18-55 mm is essentially a 3x zoom (55 ÷ 18 ≈ 3), although the very concept of zoom ratio is often used in relation to non-interchangeable lenses of compact cameras. The number of zoom magnification taken regardless of the focal length does not make any sense and should in no way serve as a criterion when choosing a camera or lens, and here's why: firstly, it says nothing about specific focal lengths. For example, two completely different lenses can be equally 5x zooms: 24-120 mm and 80-400 mm. Secondly, you have to pay for universality with quality - 30x ultrazoom physically cannot provide decent sharpness, and their luminosity is low; therefore, do not chase zoom lenses with exorbitant magnification. A convenient set of focal lengths is much more important than the zoom ratio. To compare lenses, it is appropriate to use the concept of equivalent focal length, since it allows you to take into account the difference in sensor sizes of different cameras.

Digital zoom is not only useless, but even harmful to some extent. Having nothing to do with optics, digital zoom simply stretches part of the image using the software of the camera, which creates the illusion of zooming in, but leads to a noticeable loss of quality. Likewise, you can enlarge the image in Photoshop.

The most important and most stubbornly ignored parameter by sellers when choosing a camera is ergonomics - how comfortable the camera fits in the hand, how quickly it allows you to react to changing shooting conditions, how thoughtful are the management of the most important settings and whether it takes too long to navigate the menu. Convenience is an individual question. You can only make sure that a particular camera is right for you by picking it up.

Some parameters just need to be able to interpret. For example, heavy weight is not an advantage in itself, but can indirectly indicate the mechanical strength and reliability of the camera, and a high burst speed almost always signals that the camera is suitable for reporting work.

And one more important tip: never listen to consultants in photo equipment stores. Their goal is to sell you a camera, and preferably at a higher price, and not improve your photos. Only a practicing photographer can know which camera is really good and which is not.

For more detailed information on what criteria should be followed when choosing a digital camera and optics for it, you can find out from the following articles: "What is a professional camera", "Camera parameters" and "Criteria for choosing lenses". What else besides a camera a photographer will have to acquire is described in the article "Starter kit of photographic equipment".

SLR cameras

Nikon fx

Nikon currently produces five full-frame models: the D610, D750, Df, D810 and D5. Camera sales around the world are now falling, and if you do decide to buy a digital camera, Nikon will prefer this camera to be a full-frame one - simply because it is more expensive.

Of course, we are all very sad that poor Japanese capitalists are suffering losses, but do you really need a full shot? The difference in image quality between DX and FX machines is minimal today, and is mainly manifested by slightly lower FX noise at high ISOs.

Canon APS-C

Canon APS-C cameras have a sensor with a crop factor of 1.6, i.e. slightly smaller than the Nikon DX. Canon cameras are better suited for video shooting, and this is an excuse to take a closer look at them if you are interested in video shooting. I myself am skeptical about shooting video on a SLR camera, but you have the right to have your own opinion.

Canon has seven current APS-C models: 4000D, 2000D, 200D, 800D, 77D, 80D and 7D Mark II.

4000D, 2000D, 200D and 800D are hobby cameras. The Canon EOS 2000D is a great camera for the budding photographer - small, lightweight and not too expensive. Canon EOS 200D is even more compact, but in this regard, it has only a minimum of external controls, which, however, is partly offset by the presence of a touch screen. The Canon EOS 800D is a slightly more advanced but still hobbyist model. Canon EOS 4000D is a stripped down (not to say worse) 2000D version.

Canon Full-Frame

Canon currently produces four full-frame models: the 6D Mark II, 5D Mark IV, 5Ds and 1D X Mark II. Canon EOS 1D C does not count, as it is intended for video, not for photography.

Compact cameras

No compact camera beats a DSLR in terms of speed of operation, and rarely does it in image quality, but when a camera is required to fit in a pocket, DSLRs are completely unacceptable because of their size.

Obviously, if all you need is compactness, without regard to image quality and ergonomics, then the camera built into a mobile phone may well replace a real camera. Another thing is that it is still more convenient to shoot with even the simplest soap box than with the most advanced smartphone.

By the simplest soap box I mean something like the Nikon Coolpix A10. This most budget-friendly camera costs $ 150, has a 1 / 2.3 "matrix (crop factor 6), a good universal zoom lens and shoots much better than most phones, and besides, it works on standard AA batteries, which is very helpful when traveling.

The problem is that if a person is satisfied with the quality of the image obtained using a matrix of 1 / 2.3 "format (well, or 1 / 1.7" for soap dishes is more expensive), then in most cases he will be satisfied with the quality that the matrix of a mobile phone gives - for social any rubbish will do. As for usability, a rare smartphone owner will agree to pay extra for a separate device with real buttons. He is used to the touch screen and has no idea that in some situations archaic buttons are much more convenient.

However, fans of extreme recreation and tourism may like one of the rugged compacts, say, the Olympus Tough TG-5 for $ 500, which has a waterproof shockproof case, built-in GPS receiver and thermometer, and a small 1 / 2.3 "matrix.

I do not recommend advanced ultrazoom compacts to anyone for the reason that their matrices are all the same tiny, but in terms of size and price, ultrazoom comes close to budget DSLRs. It is possible that I do not understand something, but, in my opinion, if the camera looks and stands like a DSLR, but shoots like a cheap soap box, then this is a bad camera and you should not buy it.

The more expensive compact cameras with large sensors stand apart. The idea of \u200b\u200bsuch cameras is to get the highest image quality with the smallest size of the device.

Editor's Choice - Canon PowerShot G7 X Mark II for $ 650, equipped with a 1 "format sensor (crop factor 2.7) and a zoom lens with an equivalent focal length of 24-100mm at aperture of f / 1.8-2.8. Why exactly 1 "? After all, there are compact cameras and larger format, right up to full-frame? That is so, but more and more serious compacts have dimensions that do not allow them to be considered truly compact. And if the camera ceases to fit in your pocket, wouldn't it be better to buy a real DSLR instead of it for less money and enjoy life? At the same time, the G7 X and other similar cameras provide image quality that is quite comparable to that of DSLRs, but at the same time they practically do not differ in size from ordinary soap cameras.

Mirrorless cameras

In principle, I find it difficult to recommend one of the mirrorless systems to a novice photographer. Their functional advantages over even the simplest SLR cameras are not quite obvious, and the price of mirrorless cameras is still quite high. A person who switches to a mirrorless system should do it consciously and at the same time have a good idea of \u200b\u200bwhat he is losing and what he is gaining. A classic DSLR camera always has a better price / performance ratio than a mirrorless camera of the same class. The only unconditional advantage of mirrorless cameras is their relative lightness and compactness, for which you actually pay an additional premium.

If you have come to this life, then I would advise you to choose between the Olympus Micro 4/3, Fujifilm X, Sony α and possibly Canon EOS M. The Olympus system has the most thoughtful ergonomics and a remarkable variety of lenses, but the Olympus sensor is small (crop factor 2). Sony has both cropped and full-frame models, but the lens selection leaves a lot to be desired. The Fuji system is the golden mean. Canon's EOS M system is hardly mature, but Canon mirrorless cameras are compatible (with an adapter) with lenses for EF and EF-S SLR cameras. Mirrorless cameras from other manufacturers are nothing more than compacts with interchangeable lenses and a larger sensor. They are of little use for serious photography.

Thanks for your attention!

Vasily A.

Post scriptum

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Photography is much more than just a hobby. This seemingly harmless activity requires a decent investment, the bulk of which is spent on purchasing a good camera. Professional photographers who have made a hobby their main job need expensive equipment that has not only high performance, but also includes a number of subtle, and often completely redundant functions and settings. However, if you are a beginner photographer, we recommend paying attention to the following key parameters of the device:

  • A type. Many masters of photography complain that compact digital cameras are ideal for beginners, the development of which is much easier than learning DSLRs. However, the opposite is also true: if you learn how to work with SLR cameras once, then the photographer will have a device with a wide range of functions and settings inaccessible to digital analogs.
  • Cost. You should not lose sight of this factor as well, since the price follows the choice of the model. It so happened that digital cameras are much cheaper than SLRs, even if they have comparable (or superior) parameters. However, the latter give more creative freedom, which is a decisive factor in determining the type and price range.
  • Availability of reference data. Recently, most DSLR cameras are equipped with a built-in guide function, thus making life easier for newcomers to the world of photography. If you are one of these - look for a model with a similar "chip".
  • Physical dimensions of the matrix. You shouldn't pay too much attention to the clever megapixel advertising gimmick, since this feature is not so important in DSLRs. It is much more important to understand what dimensions the matrix has - the larger its dimensions (even with a resolution of 10 megapixels, which are enough for high quality photos), the better the color rendering, the higher the sensitivity and the less noise even at high ISO values.
  • Zoom. A beginner's camera should have at least 3x zoom and the ability to change lenses. These factors will significantly expand the capabilities of the photographer, at least several times.
  • Battery life. Even professionals sometimes need to take several frames in order to achieve the desired effect from a photo. Beginners are often faced with first-shot problems, so autonomy, which determines the number of possible shots with one full battery charge, is one of the key parameters.
  • Availability of automatic settings. At the very beginning of using the DSLR, it will be very difficult for the user to navigate the settings. Therefore, you should give preference to cameras with ready-made parameters for various types of photography, whether it be landscape, portrait or sports.
  • Autofocus and exposure determination. The implementation of these two functions in automatic mode will significantly simplify the process of photography for a beginner.

The best Canon DSLRs for aspiring photographers

4 Canon EOS 800D Kit

The "golden mean" between the amateur and semi-professional class. Swivel screen
Country:
Average price: 37 450 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

Compared to classic DSLRs for beginners, the model clearly strives for the big league. The 45-point cross-type uses the camera for perfect sharpness when looking through the viewfinder. There is no direct focus point selection. A tiltable screen with an electronic level keeps the horizon from dropping, even if the photographer is shooting from an awkward position. The settings can be controlled remotely via a smartphone using the Canon Camera Connect app. Important point: the positioning function is not available for this model.

The pros and cons of the device are actively discussed in the comments. On the positive side, they note the transformation of the LCD into a full-fledged control element, high image quality at ISO up to 3200, 1080p video recording at 60 frames / sec in NTSC format. In addition, there is a digital video stabilization mode and a 3.5 mm audio jack for an external microphone. There is no monitor headphone input. There is also no dust and moisture protection.

3 Canon EOS 1300D Kit

Quick start. Large JPEG buffer
Country: Japan (produced in Taiwan)
Average price: 23 800 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

As the reviewers say, it is an excellent representative of "anti-crisis" DSLRs with the potential to take amateur photography to a more serious level. The owner will be able to enthusiastically experiment with all manual settings, shoot with a blurred background in moderately difficult conditions. After exploring the possibilities of a kit lens, you can switch to high-aperture optics and take a fresh look at the camera.

There is a lot of talk on the net about the speed of work. Do not be confused by the slow loading of information on the screen after activating the device, the camera is ready to shoot after half a second after switching on (this includes the time spent on autofocusing). With the right response, you won't miss a single valuable action shot. But here's another point: in the RAW format, a series of 7 images is taken at a speed of 3 frames / sec., And then the clipboard is filled. You have to wait until the photos are saved on the memory card. There is a way out - shoot in JPEG at maximum quality.

2 Canon EOS 80D Kit

Best shooting parameters (25.8 megapixel sensor)
Country: Japan
Average price: 54,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

A mid-range DSLR that can be a great "learning device" for newbies and is guaranteed not to get lost among advanced gadgets. The study of Canon EOS 80D Kit can take a very long time - enumeration of all possible modes and functions (all the more, subject to the availability of an extended set of lenses) can captivate novice photographers for several days. However, the result of such a "harsh" study can exceed all expectations: talented photographers from among beginners can see impressive results from the very first work.

But, technically, the Canon EOS 80D Kit does not bring anything new to the middle tier. While other semi-budget cameras offer 4k video capability, this model serves as a pass-through improvement on the earlier EOS 70D, and, alas, does nothing more than that.

Advantages:

  • availability of wireless connection capabilities with other devices;
  • good dynamic design at low ISO values;
  • the presence of a built-in interval timer (dedicated to fans of time-lapse shooting).

Disadvantages:

  • has a purely average technical capabilities;
  • high price.

1 Canon EOS 200D Kit

One of the most compact DSLRs. Balance in cost and opportunity
Country: Japan (produced in Taiwan)
Average price: 27 990 rubles.
Rating (2019): 5.0

The camera weighs only 450 g with parameters 122.4x92.6x69.8 cm (length, width, height, respectively). The creators thoughtfully approached the development of a camera for beginners. This model provides the solution sought by beginners at the beginning of their journey: the maximum set of technical capabilities at a reasonable price. The mirror device with a rotatable touch screen supports NFC, Bluetooth and Wi-Fi interfaces, shoots at 5 frames / sec., The CMOS AF sensor smoothly tracks the video subject. It's nice to have these functions and technologies from the world of professional photography on an amateur camera.

The users also liked the new graphical interface. Colored icons indicate the effect you will achieve by adjusting the aperture and shutter speed. This makes life much easier during the training phase, and later you can switch to the standard view. Available in black, white and silver, the DSLR can be easily converted into a fashion accessory.

Best Nikon DSLRs for aspiring photographers

4 Nikon D610 Body

Full-frame 24 MP sensor. Two slots for SD memory cards
Country:
Average price: 62,500 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

The camera houses a 24x36 mm full-frame CMOS sensor with a resolution of 24 megapixels. In combination with the Expeed 3 processor, this guarantees high detail images and minimal noise at ISO up to 3200. The large matrix allows you to flexibly work out the depth of field in the frame, and this is a big plus for portrait scenes. Working with a pair of SD drives opens up additional opportunities for the photographer: you can set up data recording one by one, as the media is full, or in parallel to two flash drives. And you can also spread the JPG recording to one card, and RAW to the next one to extract everything that is needed from the frames.

The positive feedback experience is centered around the ergonomic body, high quality viewfinder and quiet video mode. Relative disadvantages include large dimensions, but for full-frame SLR devices this is a variant of the norm. You will also have to get used to the peculiarities of autofocus: its points are grouped close to the center of the frame.

3 Nikon D7200 Body

Time-lapse video function. Magnesium dust and water resistant housing
Country: Japan (produced in Thailand)
Average price: 54 300 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6

It implements time-lapse video or, in other words, "Time-lapse" - slow-motion single-frame shooting with automatically set time intervals between frames. In this mode, automatic exposure leveling is available, which is important when shooting for many hours with changes in lighting. The owner has the opportunity to record Full HD video 1920x1080 with a frequency of up to 60 frames / sec. The video parameters settings are very conveniently located - this is a whole separate tab in the menu. For high-quality sound recording, you can attach an external microphone to the 3.5 mm jack, besides, its sensitivity is adjusted manually in the camera menu.

If you choose a DSLR for years, this one is just suitable for difficult operation - there is dust and moisture protection. Owners highlight many of the tweaks that can be confusing for the beginner, but will serve as a space for creative experimentation in the future. Therefore, Nikon's "semi-professional" is considered the best device with a perspective for development in the field of photo and videography.

2 Nikon D3500 Kit

The best beginner-friendly camera. Powerful battery
Country: Japan (produced in Thailand)
Average price: 31,200 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

The information display has been designed with the budding photographer in mind to get used to the DSLR in comfort. There are several design themes, a large icon for displaying the opening / closing of the iris, highlighting overexposed areas, the "?" with help and advice for a specific shooting situation in Guide mode. The "i" button takes you to the quick menu, through which you can control ISO, autofocus, and white balance.

The EN-EL14a 1230 mAh battery has proven itself very well. The claimed 1550 shots on a single charge are confirmed by practice, while users do not deny themselves either in long bursts, or in the use of the built-in flash and Live View mode, and also quietly connect to a smartphone via a wireless interface. Commentators also note a wide range of photo processing options right in the device: brightness, effects, cropping, correcting distorted perspective, etc.

1 Nikon D5300 Body

The best budget DSLR
Country: Japan
Average price: 26,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.9

An amateur level camera, modeled after the D3300. Despite the already brilliant ergonomics of the aforementioned camera, Nikon D5300 Body has been further developed, fortunately, not for the worse. The main changes concerned the internal filling and related technical characteristics. The resolution of the new matrix was 24.78 megapixels, which clearly indicates an intracorporate struggle for every hundredth of a pixel in order to improve the final result in photography. The painstaking work on the balance of the settings is calculated for the same effect in order to enhance the color rendition and the related aspects. Another qualitative leap was made in the area of \u200b\u200bthe "weak link" of all budget-mid-range Nikon DSLRs: good sensitivity finally allows shooting at ISO 1600, avoiding graininess and loss of quality. Considering this amount of useful work, buying a Nikon D5300 Body can be a great money investment.

Advantages:

  • adjustment of the matrix sensitivity and the emerging possibility of high-quality shooting at ISO 1600;
  • the presence of a time-lapse function;
  • high quality photos.

Disadvantages:

  • still the same slow Live View.

Best DSLRs from other brands for aspiring photographers

3 Sony Alpha ILCA-68 Kit

Best shooting quality
Country: Japan
Average price: 54,000 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

Some users claim that the redesigned version of the Alpha ILCA-77 Kit is still professional, although it lacks many key features. In fact, the lite version of the device is a device of a completely different level, closer to beginners or amateurs than to true masters of photography.

As in all models of Sony, in Alpha ILCA-68 Kit all the characteristic features of the proprietary device clearly stand out - this is a small rotary screen of 2.7 inches, and a reduced width, and a lightweight body, which adds convenience when taking photos. By the way, you can shoot high-quality photos at ISO values \u200b\u200bup to 1600 and only in jpeg format. If the noise reduction still somehow works here, it is completely absent in the RAW format, which is more convenient for subsequent processing (and storage). 24 megapixel resolutions are excellently implemented - with the right settings, you can achieve an excellent balance of color depth and naturalness, so lacking in many competitive cameras.

2 Pentax KP Kit

Thoughtful personalization with removable linings. High light sensitivity
Country: Japan (produced in the Philippines)
Average price: 76 150 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.7

At Pentax we see the most respectful approach to the customer and ergonomics. The manufacturer complements the package with three interchangeable handles of different configurations so that each photographer can adapt the body to fit his hand. All you need is a hex wrench and a minute of free time. Many setting options in the menu, a large number of function buttons on the camera guarantee a fun pastime for fans of the brand and enthusiasts of photography equipment.

The matrix was "brought" to ISO 819 200: of course, at maximum values \u200b\u200bof sensitivity the picture will be noisy. The point here is different - you get the highest quality at medium and short exposures. It follows from the reviews that on a PC monitor, noise clearly manifests itself at ISO6400, and photo printing in A3 format demonstrates a decent picture even at ISO 12800. Fans of landscape photography will like the automatic horizon leveling function: the matrix can adjust the tilt angle up to 1.5⁰.

1 Pentax K-70 Kit

Better image clarity. Pixel Shift Resolution Technology
Country: Japan (made in China)
Average price: 69 300 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

One of the most curious features of a DSRL camera is the viewfinder - it displays 100% of the frame area. The field of view is slightly darkened, which would seem to be an advantage in bright light and a relative disadvantage in darkness. The manufacturer claims to have used hundreds of seals for the magnesium housing, so the DSLR can withstand even tropical rain.

Now about the main thing - the quality of photos. "Pixel Shift Resolution" technology with a movable matrix mount has been implemented. Thus, image stabilization and the highest clarity in all details are achieved. To get an ultra-clear frame, the camera "stitches" 4 images together - the result is sharper and more voluminous. Users suggest that you will get the ideal effect when shooting static: objects, architecture, landscapes, especially in combination with a tripod, self-timer, remote control and mirror lock.

Best mirrorless camera for aspiring photographers

4 Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark III Kit

Advanced Photo - a block of programs for technically complex photographs
Country: Japan (produced in Vietnam)
Average price: 46 860 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.3

The device is small and convenient, the grip is thought out to the smallest detail: three fingers of the right hand rest on the frontal part, and on the opposite side there is an expressive protrusion for the thumb. The control wheels remain as large as on older models - a very practical move. The camera is not much larger than a smartphone in size and weight, fits into a pocket and a handbag, even during a long excursion, the owner will not experience any discomfort from carrying. The stock M.Zuiko Digital ED 14-42mm f / 3.5-5.6 EZ lens is a miniature pancake, that is, the diameter exceeds the length.

In the Advanced Photo menu, beginners will try their hand at collage mode (stitching multiple frames), Live Time (shooting with a shutter speed "freehand"), multiple exposure (a series of photos and their sequential overlay), HDR (high dynamic range), silent shooting (only electronic shutter), panorama, distortion correction, focus bracketing (depth of field expansion).

3 Fujifilm X-T100 Kit

Original retro design. Diopter correction
Country: Japan (produced in Indonesia)
Average price: 41 890 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.5

Introducing a camera stylized as a classic film technique. At the heart of the "carcass" is plastic, and on top - aluminum with an anodized coating in black, gold or black-silver. Aesthetes will definitely be satisfied with the appearance of the device. The electronic viewfinder has a diopter adjustment wheel to help photographers with vision problems feel comfortable.

All Fujifilm mirrorless cameras have built-in presets (saved sets of settings) with imitation of the legendary branded photographic film. It is very interesting to experiment with modeling the film effect in the photo and video mode, there are variations of PROVIA / STANDARD, VELVIA / VIVID, ASTIA / SOFT, CLASSIC CHROME, PRO Neg Hi, PRO Neg. Std, Sepia and five monochrome. Conclusion: despite all the vintage "atmosphere", the device is quite understandable for the new generation with their love for smartphones, blogs and video broadcasts. Auto mode and plot programs give a very decent result.

2 Canon EOS M50 Kit

The best set of characteristics. Entry-level mirrorless camera with 4K video recording
Country: Japan
Average price: 42 900 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.6

The main advantage of the new DIGIC 8 processor is the ability to capture 4K video (3840x2160 pixels at 25 frames / sec.). Note that this is not a flagship model, but a hobbyist equipment at a reasonable price. There is an eye AF function, but it only works with stationary people, in classic portraits, for example. In general, there are 3 methods of autofocusing: zone, on the selected point and tracking the object.

The owners call the inability to recharge the battery via USB as an annoying trifle, for this purpose a network charger is used. The lightweight polycarbonate body and compact size allow you to carry the model even in your hands, even in a jacket pocket. The customer can choose from two color versions: in the usual black design and an expressive white color with gray accents. The light device looks unusual and attracts the attention of passers-by, especially when combined with a proprietary silver lens.

1 Sony Alpha ILCE-6000 Kit

4D autofocus. Shooting speed. "Open" bayonet
Country: Japan (produced in Thailand)
Average price: 38 490 rubles.
Rating (2019): 4.8

Let's start with the main advantage of a mirrorless camera, namely, the shooting speed, which reaches 11 frames / sec. Mirror counterparts at a similar price are simply not able to give such indicators. Further - more: the engineers of "Sony" created an "open" E mount, that is, third-party optics developers can develop fully compatible lenses. The focal length of the bayonet is very small, only 18 mm, which means that any optics from your arsenal will work with the adapter.

4D focus, which replaced contrast autofocus, is a real breakthrough in mirrorless technology. Its essence lies in the improved operation of automation, immediately in 4 dimensions. 179 phase detection sensors interact with the object, which cover 92% of the width and 91% of the height of the frame, the distance to the object is also controlled, and the future direction of movement in the next second is taken into account. Tracking focus works perfectly with trajectory of movement of any complexity. The best choice for dynamic scenes.

Nikon D5600 can take up to 4 frames per second. The Expeed 4 processor provides high-quality shooting even at the extreme ISO values \u200b\u200b- this sets the camera apart from the competition.

In its price range, the camera features a 39-point autofocus system, so novice photographers will get sharp shots.

Nikon D5600 is conveniently operated with a rotary touch screen. Built-in Bluetooth and Wi-Fi allow you to instantly upload photos to your smartphone or tablet.

Full HD video can be recorded at up to 60 frames per second.

Up to 100,000 rubles - Canon EOS 80D

  • Matrix: APS-C, 24.2 megapixels.
  • Viewfinder: mirror (TTL), field of view 100%.
  • Display:
  • Battery: Canon LP-E6N, 1 865 mAh, 960 shots on a single charge.
  • Price: 49 590 rubles for the Body, 53 900 rubles for the Kit.
  • Alternatives: Canon EOS 800D, Nikon D7200, Canon EOS 77D.

The Canon EOS 80D's sensor works great at high ISOs (up to 6400) and can take 7 frames per second. The high-performance Digic 6 processor is responsible for image processing.

The built-in Dual Pixel CMOS AF system features improved tracking ability and excellent 45-point autofocusing. The sensitivity of the module of the latter in Canon EOS 80D is not inferior to professional cameras.

The swivel touchscreen display is easy to operate, while the rubber grips on the plastic housing reduce the bulkiness of the camera.

From 100,000 rubles - Nikon D850

  • Matrix: Full frame, 45.7 megapixels.
  • Viewfinder: mirror (TTL), field of view 100%.
  • Display:
  • Battery: EN-EL15a, 1,900 mAh, 1,840 shots per charge.
  • Price: 229,990 rubles for the Body, 223,900 rubles for the Kit.
  • Alternatives: Canon EOS 6D Mark II, Canon EOS 5D Mark IV, Nikon D7500.

This is an expensive and extremely advanced DSLR for true professionals. Its full-frame FX-format sensor delivers incredible image quality. The Nikon D850 has a wide dynamic range and low noise at high ISOs. The shooting speed is 9 frames per second.

The images are processed by the Expeed 5 processor. The 153-point autofocus system provides ultra-precise aiming and sharpness.

The camera is equipped with a dual memory card slot. Supports video shooting in Full HD (up to 120 frames per second), 4K (30 frames per second) and TimeLapse 8K.

The waterproof and dustproof housing allows Nikon D850 to be used even in bad weather.

Best mirrorless cameras

Up to 50,000 rubles - Canon EOS M50

  • Matrix: APS-C, 24.1 megapixels.
  • Viewfinder:
  • Display:
  • Battery: Canon LP-E12, 875 mAh, 235 shots on a single charge.
  • Price: 37 162 rubles for the Body, 42 990 rubles for the Kit.
  • Alternatives: Fujifilm X-T100, Olympus Pen E-PL9.

The Canon EOS M50 is capable of shooting up to 10 frames per second in high detail. The heart of the camera is the Digic 8 processor, which supports the enhanced CR3 recording format. High-quality images are provided by a 143-point autofocus system and a five-axis matrix stabilizer.

The camera is quite compact and very easy to operate. With its touchscreen display and smart grip, the Canon EOS M50 makes it easy to shoot or record 4K (30fps) and Full HD (60fps) videos at arm's length.

Wi-Fi and Bluetooth are supported, of course.

Up to 100,000 rubles - Sony Alpha 6500

  • Matrix: APS-C, 24.2 megapixels.
  • Viewfinder: electronic, field of view 100%.
  • Display: 3 inches, touch, swivel.
  • Battery: NP-FW50, 1,020 mAh, 350 shots per charge.
  • Price: 85 990 rubles for the Body, 93 900 rubles for the Kit.
  • Alternatives: Sony Alpha 6300, Fujifilm X-T20.

Sony Alpha 6500 with built-in 5-axis stabilization can shoot 11 frames per second. ISO working values \u200b\u200breach 3,200.

The Bionz X processor supports advanced processing algorithms, so photos are bright and vibrant even in mediocre lighting.

The camera has 425 points of phase and 169 points of contrast AF. To operate, simply move your finger across the touchscreen.

The camera can shoot video in 4K (30 frames per second) and Full HD (120 frames per second).

The compact, ergonomic design of the Sony Alpha 6500 is comfortable to hold in your hand.

From 100,000 rubles - Sony Alpha7 III

  • Matrix: Full frame, 24.3 megapixels.
  • Viewfinder: electronic, field of view 100%.
  • Display: 3 inches, touch, swivel.
  • Battery: Sony NP-FZ100, 2,280 mAh, 610 shots per charge.
  • Price: 154,990 rubles for the Body, 166,990 rubles for the Kit.
  • Alternatives: Fujifilm X-T3, Fujifilm X-T2, Sony Alpha ILCE-7RM3, Canon EOS R, Nikon Z 6.

Premium mirrorless camera capable of 10 frames per second. The camera has high working ISO (up to 5000-6 400), excellent color reproduction and noise reduction.

The Bionz X processor has a fast image reading speed. The hybrid autofocus has as many as 693 focus points and a bunch of settings: here and face detection, and aiming at the eyes, and other subtleties. Add to this the five-axis image stabilization and excellent image detail.

In addition, the camera can shoot video in Full HD (120 frames per second) and 4K (30 frames per second).

Sony Alpha7 III is equipped with two USB ports: Type-C and Micro USB. They can both transfer data and charge the camera. Another nice little thing is the double slot for.

The body is made of magnesium and is protected from moisture and dust.

Best compact cameras

Up to 50,000 rubles - Canon PowerShot G9 X Mark II

  • Matrix: 1 inch, 20.2 megapixels.
  • Viewfinder: not.
  • Display: 3 inches, touch.
  • Battery: Canon NB-13L, 1,250 mAh, 235 shots per charge.
  • Price: 28 990 rubles.
  • Alternatives: Panasonic Lumix DMC-TZ101, Sony Cyber-shot DSC-HX80, Fujifilm XF10, Panasonic Lumix DC-LX100 II.

This premium compact from Canon has a 20.2MP inch sensor and a fast zoom. Even for beginners, the camera allows you to effortlessly capture high-quality images. In auto exposure mode, the camera selects the best sharpness and color reproduction. The shooting speed is up to 8.2 frames per second.

Image processing is performed by the Digic 7 processor with improved autofocus and noise reduction.

Intelligent 31-point AF supports face detection even in group shots. The camera is very light and comfortable. However, people with big hands with this crumb can have a hard time.

In addition to the touchscreen 3-inch screen, there is another control tool - a ring around the lens that adjusts aperture, shutter speed and exposure. Using the built-in Bluetooth module, you can not only upload pictures from the camera to other devices, but also control shooting from a smartphone or tablet.

Videos can be shot in Full HD at 60 frames per second.

Up to 100,000 rubles - Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 VI

  • Matrix: 1 inch, 20.1 megapixels.
  • Viewfinder: electronic, retractable, field of view 100%.
  • Display: 3 inches, swivel, touch.
  • Battery: Sony NP-BX1, 1 240 mAh, 240 shots per charge.
  • Price: 94,990 rubles.
  • Alternatives: Panasonic DC-LX100 II.

The compact Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 VI can shoot up to 24 frames per second. The camera has high quality image stabilization.

The improved lens allows for 8.3x zoom - impressive for such a baby. The equivalent focal length can be varied from 24 to 200 mm.

The Bionz X processor guarantees low noise and high speed image processing.

The DSC-RX100 VI supports Instant Eye and Smile AF for portraits and wide-angle focusing of moving subjects. Focus is controlled by simply sliding your finger across the touchscreen. The phase focusing system has 315 points.

You can record 4K video at 30 frames per second. There is an HFR mode with an impressive 1,000 frames per second.

The LCD can be rotated 180 degrees up and 90 degrees down. If necessary, the shutter can be released not with a button, but with a sensor.

From 100,000 rubles - Sony DSC-RX1

  • Matrix: Full frame, 24.3 megapixels.
  • Viewfinder: electronic, field of view 100%.
  • Display: 3 inches, touch.
  • Battery: Sony NP-BX1, 1 240 mAh, 270 shots per charge.
  • Price: 89,990 rubles.
  • Alternatives: Leica D-Lux (Typ 109).

A very compact premium camera. The Full frame sensor is paired with the powerful Bionz X processor for superb image quality, brightness and detail.

Sharp pictures are obtained even at high ISO levels (up to 102,400). This is facilitated by the Multi Frame NR noise reduction mode.

The Sony DSC-RX1 is equipped with a fast 315-point wide AF system. The shooting speed is 5 frames per second.

Controlling the camera is very convenient thanks to the aperture and focus ring, as well as the control buttons that are located right under the photographer's fingers. There is both an exposure compensation dial and a custom button to which you can hover your choices.

A nice feature of the Sony DSC-RX1 is a bunch of interface connectors. They can be connected to an external flash, viewfinder, control buttons or even an optional LCD monitor.

In addition, the camera shoots Full HD video at 60 frames per second.

  • Display: 3 inches swivel.
  • Battery: EN-EL23, 1,850 mAh, 350 shots per charge.
  • Price: 29,990 rubles.
  • Alternatives: Nikon Coolpix B500, Sony Cyber-shot DSC-HX350.

    • The Nikon Coolpix B700 is equipped with Nikkor's proprietary 60x optical zoom and can shoot at 5 frames per second. With Dynamic Fine Zoom, you can zoom up to 120x.

    A powerful autofocus system provides high-precision shooting. The zoom covers angles from 24mm wide angle to 1,440mm super telephoto. In addition, with such a camera, you can perform macro photography of objects located at a distance of 1 cm from the lens.

    The Nikon Coolpix B700 has an electronic viewfinder as well as a variable-angle display. Vibration Reduction System Dual Detect Optical VR will allow you to take clear pictures even without a tripod.

    • Matrix: 1 / 2.3 inches, 16.79 megapixels.
    • Viewfinder: electronic, field of view 100%.
    • Display: 3.2 inches, swivel, touch.
    • Battery: EN-EL20a, 1 110 mAh, 250 shots per charge.
    • Price: 78 490 rubles.
    • Alternatives: Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX10M3.

    The Nikkor lens has a 125x optical zoom range from 24mm wide-angle to a record 3,000mm. There is a digital zoom function equal to 250. The lens has an optical stabilizer with five steps of shake correction.

    The Expeed processor is responsible for image processing, processing images at a speed of 7 frames per second.

    The Nikon Coolpix P1000 contrast focusing system can track subjects and faces. The camera has special shooting modes. For example, for birdwatching and the moon.

    The camera has a 3.2-inch vari-angle touchscreen, anti-reflective coating and electronic viewfinder. Coolpix P1000 case is rather massive, but has comfortable ergonomics.

  • Viewfinder: electronic, field of view 100%.
  • Display: 3 inches, swivel, touch.
  • Battery: NP-FW50, 1,020 mAh, 370 shots on a single charge.
  • Price: 129,990 rubles.
  • Alternatives: Leica V-Lux (Typ 114).

    • The Sony DSC-RX10M4 has a 25x zoom lens and can take 24 frames per second. The camera also has SteadyShot optical stabilization with electronic compensation.

    Fast and accurate autofocusing is provided by 25 contrast and 315 phase sensors. There are single-frame, auto, tracking, direct and manual focus modes.

    There is a function of transferring pictures wirelessly, as well as remote control of the camera via. Supports 4K video recording at 30 frames per second.

    The Sony DSC-RX10M4 housing is made of composite material and is protected from dust and moisture.

    The modern world is a constant movement, a sea of \u200b\u200bcolors, events, travel. Social networks, internet pages, websites - nothing is complete without photos. Accordingly, one of the most common gadgets should be considered a digital compact camera. It is easy to use, versatile, compact, affordable. Even children are able to operate many models of digital compacts. Marketers anticipate all the wishes of the buyer, introducing more and more unique features. In this regard, the assortment of digital cameras is simply huge, and it is not so easy for a person who is not knowledgeable to find a model that suits his needs.

    Digital compact camera or smartphone camera?

    There are at least three reasons why you should opt for a digital compact:

    1. Matrix size.

    Not every smartphone can afford to install a matrix the same size as in an average compact camera. Modern phones are striving for slim and user-friendly shapes. The matrix, in turn, requires a lot of space, which the manufacturer is not ready to sacrifice. After all, a phone is, first of all, a multifunctional device, and its functions do not end with taking photos and videos. The camera is not as versatile, but with similar performance and conditions, the camera's picture quality will always be better. You can assert as much as you like that the phone takes a beautiful picture and everything suits you, but this is exactly until the moment you start viewing photos on a screen of 30 inches and above. And it will immediately become clear that photos from a phone are not suitable for installation on a desktop or in a family archive, and when printing, it is highly likely to get fuzzy outlines due to insufficient detail and sharpness.

    2. Settings and functions.

    Agree, not every smartphone has an abundance of shooting settings. Often, even if the settings are there, they are reset when turned off. Digital cameras, in turn, have a number of features that are not available for simple telephone cameras. As an example, we will cite the frequently encountered ones: ISO, shutter speed, red-eye removal, motion autofocus, zoom, etc. This indicates that the processor of even the most sophisticated phone is "sharpened" for completely different needs. And the camera is focused on only one thing: to create a high-quality picture under any circumstances.

    3. Energy.

    All portable gadgets are limited in time of use by the capacity of the battery. Let's say you went on a trip with your smartphone, leaving your camera at home in a dark corner. Upon arrival, a cultural program begins, hiking, trips, excursions. I want to shoot everything, record a video, watch time, call, turn on the Internet. Suddenly the battery runs out, and not only the photo, but all the other functions of the phone are gone. A separate device is much more practical.

    We draw a conclusion: the phone is a universal device for many operations, but in terms of photography it is not so convenient. Ask yourself: is your phone photo enough? This may be enough for social networks, but not an option for family photo shoots, archiving holidays and trips. Moreover, it is rare when photos from the phone are stored in the cloud storage or on a PC. You risk never seeing that piece of life that was captured in the smartphone photo again. Cameras are less likely to get lost, break down and are not a permanent storage of images, you always want to view photos on a PC.

    But, despite all the disadvantages, there is one big plus - the smartphone is always at hand. This argument is used by the proponents of camera phones. Of course, when the camera is in hand, there are more chances to catch a good shot, photograph the necessary documents or announcements while passing by. In addition to the successful shot, the phone folder will contain many streaming daily photos of food, fittings, ads, etc. Not everyone is willing to spend time "separating the wheat from the chaff."

    Digital compact or DSLR?

    If you are a demanding person in photography and expect a high-quality picture from a camera, then you undoubtedly wondered: a compact or a DSLR camera?

    There are many reasons in favor of a DSLR, but what are the advantages of a digital compact compared to a DSLR:

    - Dimensions.SLR cameras are heavy, and compact DSLRs do not exist at all and are unlikely to appear. In addition to the weighty carcass, the lens and external flash add dimensions and weight. With such a system, you don't really want to bother every time to capture the everyday moments of life. On tourist trips, hiking or just walking with friends, a DSLR camera is also not always appropriate, it is an additional bag or an expensive load hanging around your neck.

    - Customization. To a large extent, digital compact cameras are easier to operate. They are designed for convenience and ease of use. The intuitive menu settings make life easier for the user. That is, having bought a digital compact, you can go outside and immediately start taking pictures. With DSLRs, the situation is much more complicated. On the one hand, the DSLR also has an auto-shooting function. But there will be no big differences in the process of shooting in auto mode on a digital compact and a DSLR. In both cases, the camera thinks for you, you cannot control the process. Therefore, if your interests do not include the study of manual mode, composition, chiaroscuro, then why pay more?

    - Versatility. Despite the merits of DSLRs, they are not versatile due to their lenses. Each genre has its own lens, which differs in focal length, aperture, etc. This entails additional costs, lack of mobility. To meet consumer needs, manufacturers have equipped digital compacts for all shooting situations. This approach allows you to shoot not only portraits, but also landscapes, animals, insects, objects.

    If you have discovered in yourself a talent and craving for photography, for learning something new, a desire for art - then a DSLR is your choice. For those who are not ready to go beyond auto mode, for your own good, it is better to stop at choosing a compact camera. The compact requires a minimum of time to study the instructions and small investments. While easy to manage, high quality photos will keep the captured moments for a lifetime.

    Basic parameters when choosing a compact camera

    After you have decided that a compact camera is the best option for you, the question arises by what criteria to make a choice. Being more specific can save you money and time. There are not so many indicators influencing the choice. Some characteristics are of a secondary nature and are often an exclusive addition to the manufacturer.

    About the matrix and megapixels

    Very often buyers do not pay attention to the size of the matrix. But it is the size of the matrix that affects the quality of the final image. When choosing a camera, stick to the rule - the larger the matrix in inches, the better.

    The matrix is \u200b\u200bone of the most important components of the camera; in fact, it is a digital film. Only the matrix, unlike the film, does not store the image, but transmits electrical signals to the camera's processor for processing and subsequent saving of the image.

    However, manufacturers rarely focus on the size of the matrix, thereby leading the buyer away from the truth. The size affects the image resolution, color, the amount of noise.

    What is a matrix and how does it work? A matrix is \u200b\u200ba microcircuit consisting of many light-sensitive elements (pixels). Compact cameras are often characterized by a high megapixel count. A camera of 16 megapixels and above is already considered average and affordable for any buyer. However, in this case, quality is more important than quantity.

    Modern digital compacts are equipped with matrices:

    1/3” - class of economy cameras, they are not much better than a modern smartphone camera.

    1/1.7” - the average level for the undemanding user, the camera with this size of the matrix retains its compactness, and the quality of the images is much higher than the budget models.

    1 ”or more - compacts are less common among models with a large matrix. They resemble DSLRs in appearance, although they are still lighter and smaller in size. The cost of digital cameras in this category is similar to the cost of SLR cameras, the image quality pleases with its color rendition and detail. Despite their characteristics, expensive models in rare cases allow you to adjust the depth of field (depth of field), focusing on the subject, as is possible in SLR cameras.

    In addition, matrices differ not only in size, but also in type.

    Depending on the technology used, there are:

    1. CCD (CCD) - the technology of reading charges is based on the principle of line-by-line movement and subsequent transfer of charge to the edge of the matrix, where the amplifier is located. The amplifier transmits the signal to an ADC (analog to digital converter) and then to the processor.

    CCD matrices provide high quality images in daylight. The technology provides for dense placement of pixels, which increases the sharpness and detail of the image (with sufficient illumination), the quality of color reproduction.

    Cons of technology:

    High noise level when increasing ISO, i.e. shooting in low light obliges the user to use the flash;

    Low readout speed, cameras with this technology take longer to form a picture, which increases power consumption;

    Expensive to manufacture compared to CMOS sensors.

    2. CMOS (CMOS) - the charge is read from each pixel individually, thereby reducing the number of operations compared to CCD technology. By reducing processing steps, energy costs are significantly lower, which is a significant plus for a portable device. The performance is also much higher, the speed of shooting and recording increases.

    There are also disadvantages:

    The readout technology entails heating of the transistors, resulting in digital noise;

    Low light sensitivity of the matrix;

    Large matrix size compared to CCD.

    Only after choosing the physical size and type of matrix does it make sense to think about the number of megapixels. In fact, manufacturers are misleading the buyer by focusing on the number of megapixels.

    The larger megapixel size entails not only pros but also cons, in the form of high resolution and weight of photos. Processing large-sized photos takes more time for conversion, requires a large external memory. For the average user, such bells and whistles will only add to the inconvenience.

    Lens

    The choice of a digital compact camera should be considered carefully, if only because the device is not collapsible and does not allow changing optics. Consequently, the preference should be for the most universal models "for the feast and for the world."

    Some of the most important indicators:

    - Focal length.Since the digital compact is a universal gadget, its focal length range is quite large. That allows you to photograph both landscapes and portraits. The focal length primarily affects the viewing angle. Let's say you need to photograph the whole family at a table in a small room. If the minimum focal length of the camera is 18 mm, then the probability of "capturing" everyone in the frame increases. The 50mm focal length is already forcing people to squeeze together.

    In addition to the above, it is worth considering the fact that the smallest focal length guarantees strong distortion (geometric distortion of lines), which can be partially removed in a graphics editor.

    - Diaphragm.The diaphragm is responsible for the light sensitivity of the lens, that is, it adjusts the amount of transmitted light and is denoted F / 3.5-5.6 (for example). In digital compact cameras, aperture values \u200b\u200bare in the range of 2.8 to 7.0, rarely seen in a model with a high sensitivity of f / 1.4.

    When choosing a digital compact, first of all, pay attention to the first indicator: the lower it is, the more sensitive the lens is to light. It is easier for the user to focus, it becomes possible to shoot at low ISO in the evening or under artificial lighting.

    - Zoom. A feature that absolutely all digital compact cameras are equipped with. To an inexperienced user, it may seem that the multiple zoom capability will allow you to shoot while standing still, simply zooming in and out on the camera. Which is fundamentally wrong!

    Zoom comes in digital and optical. Optical zoom is a more significant characteristic. Approximation occurs due to optics up to the maximum focal length. Optical zoom increases the distance to the subject in 3 - 5 times maximum, while not affecting the quality of the picture (not taking into account the geometric distortion of the lens).

    The digital zoom brings the subject closer through the technology built into the processor. In fact, the image is simply stretched, detail is lost, soapiness and noise appear. It is better not to use digital zoom unless absolutely necessary; you can just as well enlarge the finished image on the computer screen.

    Additional features

    Once you've focused on the most important metrics, you can consider additional metrics. Manufacturers diligently "stuff" digital compact cameras with all sorts of functions and technologies. They are often very useful.

    Shooting video

    Modern models of digital compacts allow you to shoot video even in 4K, which, accordingly, entails an increase in the cost per model. Decide how often you need this feature, and whether you are ready to purchase a capacious flash card and an external battery in addition. The high-definition video recording function quickly eats up both memory and battery power.

    In addition, digital compacts mostly record only short videos, which is more suitable for touching moments or short YouTube reviews. For frequent use of video, pay attention to the presence of a stabilizer. The stabilizer can be optical (in the lens) or digital (in the body). In both cases, its presence will only be a plus. However, when stabilization is set by the manufacturer, the power consumption and the size of the digital camera increase.

    It is up to you to overpay or not, but you must understand that even the most expensive digital compact will not allow you to shoot a video at a professional level.

    Viewfinder and LCD

    Regardless of the cost and "filling", all digital compact cameras are equipped with an LCD screen and rarely a viewfinder. These elements of the camera allow the user to see and control the shooting process. A menu is displayed on the screen, you can view photos before you drop them on your PC.

    The viewfinder is equally important - it is difficult to see anything on the screen on a bright sunny day. In this case, the viewfinder will help you control the process, make sure that the autofocus is aiming correctly.

    Built-in flash

    Any, even the most budgetary camera, is equipped with a built-in flash. For cameras with low light sensitivity, this is a good option for capturing a significant moment. Although most likely the photo will not pretend to be artistic and will not be suitable for installation in a frame. At the time of purchase of the camera, go to the menu and make sure that the flash can be turned on or off forcibly. In cheap models, it works only automatically, which is not always convenient.

    For example, when photographing indoors, the flash will turn on itself, even if the photos are relatively bright without it. In this case, it is better to remove the flash forcibly and raise the exposure in the editor. But the likelihood of maintaining volume and avoiding glare will increase.

    Another situation in which you cannot do without forced flash control is shooting against a light source. If the subject is against a light background and the light comes from behind, then the picture without a flash is doomed to death. The subject will appear black in the image, so you need to manually turn on the flash for additional lighting.

    The flashes of compact cameras are not designed for long-range action, they illuminate objects at a distance of 2-5 meters, no more.

    A plus to the flash will be an addition in the form of a red-eye reduction mode. All cameras of the middle price category are equipped with it, but it does not always work.

    Rarely do models have the ability to mount an external flash. The function is pretty useless anyway. An external flash can cost as much as a camera, and the quality of the pictures will remain at the "amateur" level.

    conclusions

    Summing up, I would like to note that first of all it is necessary to choose a digital compact camera within the foreseen budget. There are several price categories for digital cameras:

    Soap dish from 2,000 to 10,000 rubles.

    This is a kind of photo recorder for lovers of photo chronicles of personal life. The pictures do not pretend to be artistic, but they are still an order of magnitude higher than selfies from a budget smartphone. Soap dishes fit easily in the hand and are no larger than a smartphone. Will not take up much space in a traveler's luggage or a blogger's pocket.

    Top compact from 10,000 to 30,000 rubles.

    In this price segment, there are no longer just compacts with a palm, but also cameras with a large body, reminiscent of a DSLR. This is explained by an increase in the size of the matrix, better optics and the presence of additional "buns". The top-compact is universal in its purpose and capabilities, does not put any framework and restrictions before the user. A great option for those who love to photograph, but are not ready to make a business out of it.

    And a separate price category should be allocated to digital cameras that claim to be professional. The cost of the models is corresponding, from 30,000 to 200,000 rubles. The physical size of the matrix is \u200b\u200bnot inferior to SLR cameras, although the dimensions are still smaller. Expensive models allow you to focus the subject in manual mode, have creative and manual modes. The models are suitable for both a connoisseur of simplicity (powerful processors work on the correct focus, exposure, white balance) and for creative people (shooting in manual mode offers complete freedom of choice of add-ons).

     

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