Presentation on the topic "Painting. Types of painting". Presentation on the theme "genres of painting" Kazakhstan, Karaganda region, Osakarovka district




























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Presentation on the topic: Presentation based on the painting by I.I. Shishkin "Winter"

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Shishkin (Ivan Ivanovich) - one of the most talented Russian landscape painters, painter, draftsman and engraver-aquafortist, the son of a merchant, was born on January 13 (25 new style - editor's note) in Elabuga (Vyatka province) in 1832. , when he was twelve years old, was assigned to the 1st Kazan gymnasium, but when he reached the 5th grade, he left it and entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture. After graduating from the course of this institution, he continued from 1857 his education at the Academy of Arts, where he was a student of prof. S.M. Vorobyov.

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Biography of the artist Not content with his studies within the walls of the academy, Shishkin at that time diligently drew and painted sketches from nature in the vicinity of St. Petersburg, and on the island of Valaam, through which he acquired more and more familiarity with its forms and the ability to accurately convey it with a pencil and brush ... Already in the first year of his stay at the academy, he was awarded two small silver medals for a class drawing and for a view in the vicinity of St. Petersburg. In 1858 he received a large silver medal for a view of Valaam, in 1859 - a small gold medal for a landscape from environs of St. Petersburg. and, finally, in 1860 - a large gold medal for two views of the Cucco area, on Valaam. Having acquired, along with this last award, the right to travel abroad as a pensioner of the academy, he went to Munich in 1861, visited the workshops of famous artists, among others the workshops of Beno and Franz Adam, which were very popular, and then, in 1863 g., moved to Zurich, where, under the leadership of prof. Koller, who was then considered one of the best depicts of animals, sketched and painted the latter from nature. In Zurich, Shishkin tried for the first time to engrave with strong vodka. From here, he made an excursion to Geneva in order to get acquainted with the works of Didet and Kalam, and then moved to Dusseldorf and wrote there by order of N. Bykov "View in the vicinity of this city" - a painting that, being sent to St. Petersburg., Brought the artist the title of academician ...

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Abroad, in addition to painting, he did a lot of pen drawings; his works of this kind surprised foreigners, and some were placed in the Düsseldorf museum next to drawings by first-class European masters. Longing for his fatherland, Shishkin, in 1866, returned to St. Petersburg. before the expiration of your retirement age. Since then, he often undertook travels with an artistic purpose in Russia, almost every year he exhibited his works, first at the academy, and then, after the establishment of a partnership of traveling exhibitions, at these exhibitions he made drawings with a pen, and since 1870, joining the formed in St. Petersburg. mug of aquafortists, began again engraving with strong vodka, which he never left until the end of his life, devoting almost as much time to it as painting. All these works every year increased his reputation as one of the best Russian landscape painters and incomparable, in its kind, aquafortist. In 1873, the academy elevated him to the rank of professor for the painting “Forest Wilderness” acquired by her. After the new charter of the academy came into effect, in 1892 Shishkin was invited to lead her educational landscape workshop, but, for various reasons, he held this position not for long. He died suddenly, on March 8, 1898

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In all his works, he is an amazing connoisseur of plant forms, reproducing them with a subtle understanding of both the general nature and the smallest distinctive features of any species of trees, bushes and herbs. Whether he took up the image of a pine or spruce forest, individual pines and spruces, just like their totality, received from him their true physiognomy, without any embellishment or subtractions - that kind and with those particulars that are fully explained and conditioned the soil and climate where the artist made them grow. Whether he portrayed oaks or birches, they took incredibly true forms in his foliage, branches, trunks, roots and in all details. The very area under the trees - stones, sand or clay, irregularities in the soil overgrown with ferns and other forest grasses, dry leaves, brushwood, deadwood, etc. - received the look of perfect reality in Shishkin's paintings and drawings. But this realism often harmed his landscapes: in many of them it overshadowed the general mood, communicated to them the character of the paintings, conceived not with the aim of arousing this or that feeling in the viewer, but random, albeit excellent sketches. what happens to almost every particularly strong draftsman was repeated: the science of forms was given to him at the expense of color, which, while not being weak and not harmonious with him, nevertheless does not stand on the same level with masterful drawing. Therefore, Shishkin's talent is sometimes much more vividly displayed in monochrome drawings and etchings than in such works in which he used many colors. His paintings and drawings are so numerous that an indication of even the most important of them would take up too much space; especially a lot of them were dispersed among art lovers after a retrospective exhibition of the artist's works for forty years of his activity organized in 1891 and the sale after his death of what remained in his studio.

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It will be enough to mention the Shishkin works in public collections. The Moscow Tretyakov Gallery is the richest in them. It contains pictures: "Cutting the forest", "Noon in the vicinity of Moscow", "Pine forest", "Burnt forest", "Rye", "Wilds", "Apiary", "Spruce forest" and "Morning in a pine forest" and, in addition, seventeen drawing workshops. Museum imp. Alexander III owns paintings: "Ship Grove", "Glade with Pines", "Wilderness" and "Glade", five sketches and two drawings. The Moscow Public Museum recently received, according to K. Soldatenkov's will, the painting "View in the Environs of Moscow" and one drawing. D. Rovinsky has up to a hundred etchings performed by Shishkin; he points, in addition, to 68 original lithographs and 15 zincographic experiments by this master. Beggrov, in 1884 - 85, published in two series a collection of 24 phototypic photographs from charcoal drawings made for him by Shishkin. In 1886, the artist himself published an album of his selected prints, including 25. Subsequently, the prints from the boards that served for this album, corrected and somewhat altered, were published, with the addition of several other etchings, in the form of a new album by Mr. Marx ... - Wed F. Bulgakov, "Album of Russian painting. Pictures and drawings of I. I. Shishkin." (St. Petersburg,. 1892); A. Palchikov, "List of printed sheets of I. I. Shishkin." (St. Petersburg, 1885) and D. Rovinsky, "A detailed dictionary of Russian engravers of the 16th - 19th centuries." (vol. II, St. Petersburg, 1885)

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Paintings by I.I. Shishkina Morning in a pine forest (Bears) Oaks Ship grove Oaks in old Peterhof Golden autumn Ferns in the forest Forest cemetery In the wild north. On the motive of M. Yu. Lermontov's poem "Pine" Oaks Oak grove Pine forest. Mast forest in the Vyatka province Dubki Winter Forest in the evening Rye Forest distances

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Painting by II Shishkin "Winter" Painting by II Shishkin "Winter" was written in 1890. This was a separate stage in the work of a mature landscape painter. During this period of his life, the artist turned to a topic that had not previously occupied him - to the image of the winter torpor of nature.

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About the painting "Winter" Probably, this was the fault of the artist's search for new subjects and methods of writing. In the canvas "Winter" the painter solves a difficult problem - the transfer of barely noticeable movements of nature using shades of white. The winter forest is shackled by frost, it froze and seemed to be petrified. The foreground with several hundred-year-old pines has been carefully designed. Their powerful trunks darken against the backdrop of bright white snow. Shishkin amazingly captures and conveys the calm grandeur of the forest giants. On the right is an impassable wall of a gloomy forest. Everything around is immersed in shadow. But now a rare ray of sun penetrates into the kingdom of snow and illuminates the clearing, painting it with a pinkish-golden color. The artist paints a serene winter calm in a masterly manner. Nothing breaks the silence of this amazingly beautiful day. And even a bird on a branch does not seem alive, but some kind of crystal. With the help of expressive artistic techniques, Shishkin achieves the creation of a monumental collective image of a winter forest. The painting "Winter" is full of epic sound and belongs to the most remarkable works of the great artist. A rare winter landscape in Shishkin's work. As always, the artist, working from nature, made many sketches of the winter forest.

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The picture is very interesting. When you look at it, the foreground and background merge. It seems that trees are depicted, but the gaze goes deeper and deeper into the picture, bumping into the next tree trunks, we seem to be looking for a way through this forest. It seems that you are walking through this forest and looking for your way in advance. So it's time to talk about the foreground, albeit the background too, because, as I said, they merge. The trunks of old and fallen trees, which lie under the snow-white mass of snow, are immediately striking. Having looked at all this, it becomes clear that no human has stepped here, there are no traces or any other signs. Only old trees lie, providing good soil and space for a completely new and young generation. You can see how young spruces made their way through their wise predecessors, but they were also covered with snow, stopping the growth and development of young trees for a short time.

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Vasnetsov Viktor Mikhailovich (1848-1926) Vasnetsov was born into the family of a rural priest; his childhood years were spent in the small village of Ryabovo, Vyatka province. He received his art education at the best educational institution in Russia - the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts. V.M. Vasnetsov possessed versatile talents. He painted fabulous pictures and was a brilliant master of monumental art.

Bogatyrs (1898, State Tretyakov Gallery) The central work was the large canvas Bogatyrs, depicting three epic heroes - the majestic Ilya Muromets, the impetuous, angry Dobrynya Nikitich and the simple-minded Alyosha Popovich at the outpost, looking out for the enemy.

"Knight at the Crossroads"

"The Sleeping Princess" (detail)

"Flying carpet" (1830, Nizhny Novgorod Art Museum)

"Baba Yaga"

One of Vasnetsov's most attractive works is Alyonushka (1881) based on a folk tale. The master laid the foundation for this picture of lyrical and fairy-tale motives.

"Ivan Tsarevich on the Gray Wolf"

"Three princesses of the underworld" (1879 TG, 1884 Kiev Museum of Russian Art)

Pictures by V.M. Vasnetsova


On the subject: methodological developments, presentations and notes

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Perov Vasily Grigorievich 1834 - 1882

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Russian painter, one of the founding members of the Association of Traveling Art Exhibitions. Birth name: Vasily Grigorievich Vasiliev Date of birth: December 21, 1833 (January 2, 1834) Place of birth: Tobolsk, Russian Empire Date of death: May 29 (June 10) 1882 (48 years old)

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Born December 21, 1833 in Tobolsk. Son of Baron G.K. Kridener. The surname "Perov" arose as a nickname given to the future artist by his literacy teacher, a junior deacon. He graduated from the course at the Arzamas district school, was sent to the art school of A.V. Stupin (also in Arzamas). Self-portrait 1851
Biography

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In 1853 he entered the Moscow School of Painting, Sculpture and Architecture, where he studied under M. I. Scotti, A. N. Mokritsky and S. K. Zaryanko. In 1856 he received a small silver medal for a sketch of a boy's head presented to the Imperial Academy of Arts. Subsequently, the Academy awarded him other awards: - a large silver medal for the painting "The arrival of the police officer for the investigation" (1858); - a small gold medal for the paintings "Scene on the grave" and "The son of a sexton, promoted to the first rank" (1860); a gold medal for the painting "Sermon in the Village" (1861).
Study. Awards

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Golden medal
In 1861, for the painting "Sermon in the Village" Perov received a large gold medal and the right to travel abroad at public expense, in 1862 he went to Europe, visited a number of cities in Germany, as well as Paris. This period includes paintings depicting European scenes of street life ("The Seller of Figurines", "Savoyard", "The Parisian Organ-grinder", "Beggars on the Boulevard", "Musicians and Onlookers", "Parisian Rags").

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Sermon in a Village 1861
Parisian rag-pickers

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Parisian organ grinder
Organ grinder

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Returning to Moscow, from 1865 to 1871 Perov created the paintings "Another at the fountain", "Monastic meal", "Seeing off the deceased", "Troika", "Clean Monday", "Arrival of the governess at the merchant house", "Drawing teacher", “Scene by the Railroad”, “The Last Tavern at the Outpost”, “Birds”, “Fisherman”, “Hunters at Rest”.
Great paintings

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In his portraits, Perov was able to identify new socio-psychological perspectives for portrait art; he strove to recreate a man on canvas not only in his material concreteness, but also in the inexhaustibility of his spiritual world: “Whatever type, whatever face, whatever character, the peculiarity of the expression of every feeling. A profound artist is cognized by what he studies, notices all these features, and therefore his work is immortal, truthful and vital, "said Perov.

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In the last years of his life V.G. Perov collaborated in the journal "Nature and Okhota" L.P. Sabaneev. A number of his stories were published in the "Art Journal". At the end of 1881, typhus and pneumonia finally undermined his health. V.G. Perov died of consumption in a small hospital near Moscow on the territory of the Kuzminki estate (now the territory of Moscow). He was buried at the monastery cemetery in the Danilov Monastery. His son, Vladimir Perov, was also an artist.

Painting genres

Kazakhstan, Karaganda region, Osakarovka district,

from. Ozernoe


Painting is poetry that is seen, and poetry is painting that is heard. Leonardo da Vinci

Authentic immortal works of art remain accessible and enjoyable for all times and peoples.

G. Hegel

Art is like a dandelion, being not ripe can please the eye. Ripe, with the breath of the wind,

spreads around the world ... Kirill Zhuravlev


Landscape genre

- (fr. Paysтage , from pays - country, area) - a genre of fine art (as well as individual works of this genre), in which the main subject of the image is the pristine, or in one way or another, nature transformed by man.

As an independent genre, landscape first appeared in China in the 6th century.


I. Levitan "Quiet abode"

V.D. Palenov "Pond in Abramtsevo"

A.K.Savrasov "Landscape with a pine tree"

A. Benois "Evening landscape with a boat"

I.I.Shishkin "Pine Forest"


Genre still life and

- (fr. NATURE morte - "dead nature") - the image of inanimate objects in the visual arts.

This genre arose in the 17th century in Holland and


K. Korovin "Fruit Basket"

B.M. Kustodiev "Still life with pheasants"

IF Khrutsky "Flowers and Fruits"

I.E. Grabar "Apples and Asters"

K.Petrov-Vodkin "Pink still life"


Portrait genre

- (fr. portrait , "To reproduce anything heck for a heck", is outdated. parsuna - from lat. persona - “personality; person ") - an image or description of a person or a group of people that exist or have existed in reality.

Self-portrait - a portrait of himself. Usually refers to the scenic

picture.


V. Serov "Portrait of P. A. Mamontova"

O. A. Kiprensky "Poor Liza"

V.A.Tropinin "The Lacemaker"

A.G. Venizianov "Portrait of a Mother"

I.E. Repin "Self-portrait"


Household genre

A genre of fine art dedicated to everyday, private and public life, usually contemporary art. The genre of everyday life originated in the era of European antiquity. But long before Ancient Greece, scenes of everyday life were reproduced in Africa and Ancient Egypt.


V.G.Perov "Tea drinking in Mytishchi"

I.E. Repin "We did not expect"

P.A.Fedotov "Matchmaking of a Hussar"

BM Kustodiev "Holiday in the village"

VMMaksimov "Family section"


Historical genre

One of the main genres of fine art

art dedicated to historical

events and figures of social significance

phenomena in the history of society. Turned into

mostly to the past, also includes

images of recent events whose historical significance is recognized

contemporaries.


K. Makovsky "Boyar's Wedding Feast"

A.M. Vasnetsov "Red Square"

K.P.Bryullov "The Last Day of Pompeii"

V.I.Surikov "Boyarynya Morozova"

I.S.Kulikov "The exit of the Nizhny Novgorod militia"


Battle genre

- (derived from fr. bataille - battle) is a genre of fine art that depicts the themes of war: battles, military campaigns, praising military valor, the fury of battle, the triumph of victory.


A.A. Daynek "Defense of Sevastopol"

VV Vereshchagin "At the fortress wall"

MI Avilov "Red Guards"

G.K.Savitsky "To war"

N.I.Belov "Battle of Bortenevskaya"


Animalistic genre

- ( Animalism, Animalism) (from lat. animal - animal) - a genre of fine art, the main object of which is animals. The main task of the animalist can be both the accuracy of the image of the animal and the artistic and figurative characteristics, including decorative expressiveness or endowing animals with features, actions and experiences inherent in humans.


V.Vatagin "Indian Leopard"

VV Trafimov "Lion's Head"

S. Lapina "Stallion"

A.S. Stepanov "Elk"

M. Kukunov "Owl"


Fabulous - epic genre

A genre of fine art depicting scenes from epics and folklore. The heroes of the epics stood up to defend the Russian land, sought to unite the lands, defended the weak and disadvantaged, and fought against the enemies.


I. Bilibin "Ivan Tsarevich and the Firebird

N. Roerich "Overseas guests"

M. Vrubel "The Swan Princess"

I.E. Repin "Sadko"

V. Vasnetsov "Warriors of the Apocalypse"


Hippic genre

- (comes from the Greek. hippos - horse) is a genre of fine art in which the main motive is the image of a horse. Since ancient times, horses have attracted the attention of artists for their appearance, speed and grace, intelligence and disposition.


NOT. Sverchkov "Horse delicacy"

P.O.Kovalevsky "Herd of horses at dawn"

T.I.Danchurova "Arab"

N.G.Klenov "Horses at a watering hole"

O.D. Chinkovsky "Horses"


Genre "Marina"

- (fr. marine , ital. marina , from lat. marinus - marine) - a genre of fine art depicting a sea view, as well as a scene of a naval battle or other events taking place at sea. It is a kind of landscape.

Marineist (fr. mariniste) - artist,

writing marina.


A.P. Bogolyubov "Baltic Sea"

IK Aivazovsky “Sea. Koktebel "

A. Milyukov "Dawn at sea"

AI Kuindzhi “Sea. Crimea"

M.A.Alisov "Simeiz"


Creation can survive the creator: The Creator will leave, defeated by nature,

However, the image he captured It will warm hearts for centuries. I live in thousands of souls in hearts All lovers, and, therefore, I am not dust, And mortal decay will not touch me.

Michelangelo


Sources

Z. Aydarova "Fine Art", Almaty, Atamura, 2011.

V.S.Kuzin, E.I.Kubyshkina Fine Arts, Moscow: Bustard, 1997.

http://www.artap.ru/

https://www.google.kz/

http://www.wisdoms.ru/64_2.html

 

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