Socket rj 45 double. Step-by-step instructions for installing a double socket. Happy shopping

Despite the rapid development of wireless communications, RJ-45 sockets are still indispensable elements of the structured cabling system of a modern building. We offer to consider their device, types, pinout options and installation methods. The apparent simplicity of the question can be misleading, since there are certain nuances that need to be paid attention to.

Design features

Despite the variety of types of twisted-pair sockets, their design is almost identical, with the exception of small details. Let's take a typical external single-port device as an example.

Rice. 1. Basic elements of an external RJ-45 socket

Designations:

A is a plastic cover.
B is the base.
C is a functional board with a standard connector installed on it.
D - convectors for twisted pair connection.
E - tie for fixing the cable.
F - socket for connector.

Outwardly, the socket resembles a telephone standard RJ-11, the main difference is the number of connector pins, there are eight of them, not four. Accordingly, a computer socket can be used as a telephone socket, but not vice versa.

At various kinds devices may be small characteristics, but in general the design concept remains unchanged.

Types and characteristics

The main parameters of these switching devices are determined by the following criteria:

Number of ports.
Category.
Execution.

Let's briefly talk about each of them.

More doesn't mean better.

One of the main parameters is the number of ports. As a rule, they can be from one to four. If you want to use more connections, then it is easier to install a patch panel, but such a need indicates ill-conceived network wiring. In addition, it should be borne in mind that a large number of patch cords connected nearby causes some inconvenience.

Rice. 2. Krauler 4-port external socket

In practice, when organizing an office or home LAN, one and two-unit modules are mainly used.

This parameter is directly related to the characteristics of the cable used to install the computer network. We are talking about the bandwidth, which determines both the speed of data transfer and the possibility of using special network technologies. Below is a table that shows the relationship of category to bandwidth.

Currently, when installing a LAN, cables with a category below 5e are practically not used.

Execution.

The method of mounting the switching device depends on this parameter. There are two versions:

for external (external) installation (such sockets are shown in figures 1 and 2);
for indoor installation.

Internal two-port RJ-45 socket disassembled and assembled

As a rule, the choice of one or another version depends on how the LAN wiring is done. If it is external (for example, laid in boxes), external sockets are used. In cases where hidden wiring is done, internal devices look more aesthetically pleasing.

Separately, it is necessary to highlight the sockets that are installed directly on the box. Technically, such a design can be considered both internal and external.

On the specifications LAN performance is not affected.

Modular designs.

Speaking of performance, one cannot fail to mention modular designs. This solution allows you to assemble a socket in a standard case for a certain combination, for example, install it in RJ-45 and RJ-11 modules or with a different category.

RJ-45 pinout

This should not be a problem, since each contact group is color-coded in accordance with the T568A and T568B standards (it can be marked with the letters "A" and "B", as in the figure below).

It doesn't matter which standard is used, the main thing is that it be of the same type for the LAN, otherwise problems are guaranteed. It is believed that we have adopted a “swaging” of the T568B type, but this is a rather conditional statement.

If you do not know which standard your provider uses, then you can install it by pinouting the connector installed on the cable that enters the apartment.

Detailed connection instructions

Let's start with the tool that will be needed to terminate twisted-pair sockets. Ideally, it is desirable to purchase a universal extractor (shown in Figure 9). It allows you to crimp and cut the rest of the wire in one motion. Thanks to Chinese manufacturers, such a universal tool costs about 3-4 dollars. The price of branded products can be 2-3 times more expensive.

Rice. 9. Universal extractor

This tool has special mechanism, which allows you to press the wire between two contact knives and cut off its excess (3 in Fig. 9). In addition, it is equipped with a flat screwdriver (2) and a hook (1) that allows you to remove the wire in case of incorrect termination. The cost of a universal extractor is relatively low, and the benefits are quite tangible.

No less useful will be universal pliers for stripping insulation. They cost about the same as an extractor, they can cut a cable Ø3.5-9 mm such as UTP, STP, FTP. It is possible to adjust the depth of the cut.

It is undesirable to use a stripping knife, since in this case there is a high probability of damaging one of the cores of the twisted pair.

Having dealt with the necessary tool, let's move on to the algorithm for embedding a twisted pair into a switching device. We will proceed from the fact that the cable has already been laid, seat ready for socket. The procedure is as follows:

Using universal pliers, cut off the outer insulation layer from the end of the wire. It is enough to bare 4-5 centimeters. You need to act carefully so as not to damage the wires. If this happens, cut off the damaged area, adjust the depth of the cut and repeat the operation.
After removing the insulation, level each of the pairs. Please note that there is no need to clean them. Each contact of the platform has special micro knives that cut the insulation and provide reliable contact and fixation of the wire.
We disassemble the socket. To do this, remove the front panel. To do this, unscrew the fixing screw or unfasten the special latches (depending on the design). If a modular socket is used, the modules must be removed from the socket.
We fix the cable on the module using a tie (E in Fig. 1) or in another way provided for by the design.
We insert the wires into the clamps, while it is necessary to adhere to the color marking of the selected standard. Do not try to drown the cores deep, just fix them with a little effort (A Fig. 11).
Using the extractor, we perform pressing (In Fig. 11).

Rice. 11. A - cable with wires separated by clamps, B - pressing with an extractor

On the this stage let's make a small digression regarding the use of available tools for pressing. Sometimes you can find tips in which, in the absence of necessary tool for pressing, it is recommended to use a clerical knife or a thin slotted screwdriver. This approach can be used only as a last resort, when you urgently need access to the network, but there is no tool at hand. But in the future, such an outlet must be pinched. Otherwise, it is likely that the wire will lose contact with the latch after a while.

We also note that many branded manufacturers attach a simple plastic extractor to each outlet, which allows you to securely close the wire, after which it remains only to carefully cut off its excess.

After pressing, the module is installed in place. If the socket is external, then its base is screwed to the prepared site, so that the cable is supplied from above, and the connector for the connector is from below. When installing an internal socket, its base is installed in the prepared glass and fixed in it.
We fasten the front panel, after which we check the performance. You can do this with a special tester, but it's easier to connect a computer and check for a network connection. If problems arise, then first of all check the correctness of the pinout, as practice shows, in 90% of cases the reason lies precisely in this.

When using a shielded cable, you must install an appropriate socket that has a shield connection. Otherwise, it turns into a large antenna, which will not be slow to affect the bandwidth, and, consequently, the data transfer rate. For the same reason, you should not use an STP or FTP cable if ungrounded equipment is connected to it.

Twisted-pair LAN technology requires the use of complete lines. Twisting, adhesions are unacceptable, this leads to serious losses. If, nevertheless, it became necessary to extend a piece of cable, special connectors should be used for this purpose.

Rice. 12. Twisted pair connectors

These devices are a box in which a board is installed with two RJ-45 connectors (A in Fig. 12), or twisted-pair latches, like sockets (B in Fig. 12).

It is not recommended to use sockets with more than two ports in domestic conditions. A large number of patch cords in one place will cause them to become tangled. It is better to spread the sockets at some distance.

Most often, the installation and connection of an Internet outlet related to low-voltage lines is carried out in a triple block:

conventional 220 Volt

internet socket

TV under TV

For most models, for example, from Schneider Electric (Unica series), Legrand, Lezard, the installation principle is almost the same and does not contain fundamental differences.

Let's take a step-by-step look at the entire cycle of connecting an Internet outlet.

Internet cable

Installation begins with the installation of a router in a low-current shield and connecting it from a 220V power outlet.

Further, a 4-pair 5E series UTP cable is laid in a separate cable channel or gate not connected to power lines.

This cable provides a connection speed of up to 1 Gigabit per second at a distance of up to 100m. Here are its specifications:

There are shielded and non-shielded varieties. The foil acts as a screen in networks where there is normal grounding.

On one such cable 5E (4 pairs), you can connect only two sockets. In this case, 2 pairs will be separately involved.

Installation is carried out with a solid wire directly from the shield to the socket. Run the cable into the junction box and leave the necessary margin - from 15 cm or more.

Internet socket installation

From the outlet, first remove the cover and pull out the caliper for ease of installation.

If the design of the outlet allows, the frame on the socket can be mounted initially. Thanks to the grooves in the frame, you can easily adjust the horizontal position of its location.

With screws 3 * 25mm, pre-tighten the entire structure. At the same time, check the accuracy of the installation with the level of the Pocket Electric electrician and tighten the screws completely.

Manufacturers have recently begun to make frames from aluminum alloy, they are certainly stronger in design, but at the same time they will not be magnetized to the level. You will have to support it with one hand on weight.

Next, bite off and leave a supply of wire in the socket, a maximum length of 15 cm. Remove the top layer of insulation from the UTP cable.

To remove the insulation, so as not to damage the cores, it is better to use a special tool - a stripper. But you can do all this neatly and with an ordinary clerical knife.

The top layer from the cable must be cleaned to a length of no more than 2.5 cm. Cut off the excess thread in this case, which goes between the cores.

A strong thread in twisted-pair cables, often used to facilitate opening the sheath over long lengths. It is even called that - a breaking thread. In telephone cables, bundles and layers are separated by it.

Lightly untwist the veins separately. Next, pull out the inside of the socket with contacts.

As a rule, for any brand, whether it is a TV, an Internet outlet or a regular 220 Volt, there should be an instruction.

Instructions for the Schneider Electric Unica internet outlet -
Instructions for Legrand -

Standards and wiring diagram

Open the cover of the contact part and carefully study the markings. Each RJ45 socket can be connected in two ways:

according to standard “A”

according to standard "B"

In most cases, the second option is used - "B". To understand where to connect which wires, carefully inspect the case. It should show which standard corresponds to certain contacts.

For example on Unica:

protocol “B” refers to the top color marking. When connected, you will be guided by these colors.

“A” - to the lower color marking

If this is sorted out, then with further installation there will be no difficulties. Protocol “B” follows the EIA/TIA-568B color scheme. One side of the clip should have the following colors:

white- Orange

Orange

white- green

green

On the other side:

blue

white- blue

white- brown

brown

Pass the wire through the cap. In this case, as mentioned above, the top layer of UTP cable insulation should not be removed by more than 2.5 cm.

You can not strip it under the very wall of the socket, as is done with conventional NYM or VVGnG cables.

The segment without insulation must be of the minimum length. All these layers are not made easily. Their exact number per 1 meter of cable is strictly calculated and regulated.

Otherwise, with the wrong connection and stripping, not only the speed, but also the quality of data transfer may decrease.

Next, insert all the wires into the contact grooves according to the colors.

Then just snap the lid on. Extra segments of veins that protrude outward, You need to cut it off after closing the lid.

The socket is actually already connected. It remains to insert it into place in the caliper.

The main advantage of such Internet sockets is that with them you don’t need to remove the insulation from the wires at all and expose it to copper. Special knives are already installed inside the outlet itself.

When you close the lid, the knives automatically cut through the insulation and form a contact connection. The instructions for such brands often indicate that when connecting a wire, the use of special crimps-crossers is prohibited.

It's like it's already in the design. That is, when the cover is closed, it cuts off the insulation itself and lays the wires to the desired depth of the connector.

Connecting to the router and crimping the connector

After installing the Internet outlet itself, it remains to correctly connect the cable to the router in the communication board.

Remove the insulation from the other end of the cable by 2-3cm. The cores are fluffed and inserted in a certain order, according to the TIA-568B standard, or simply "B".

The arrangement of colors is considered from left to right:

white- Orange

Orange

white- green

blue

white- blue

green

white- brown

brown

The "A" standard is sometimes used when you need to connect one computer to another. Here you crimp one end of the cable according to the "B" standard, and the other according to "A". In general, if both ends of the cable are crimped according to the same standard (AA or BB), then this is called a patch cord. And if they are reversed (AB or BA), then - cross.

Again, the veins do not need to be cleaned. Just insert them into the connector until it stops.

After that, all this is pressed in with a special crimper. Some do this with a thin screwdriver or a knife blade, though this can easily damage the connector.

The cat5E and cat6 cables in the RJ45 connector are crimped according to the same principle. Another "fork" is not required here. Differences between cables in data transfer speed, cat6 has more.

Checking your internet connection

After installing the Internet outlet and the connector at the other end of the cable, it is advisable to check the connection and integrity of all connections. You can do this with the cheapest Chinese device.

What is its essence? There is a signal generator that sends pulses according to certain codes, and a receiver. The generator is connected at the installation site of the router, and the receiver directly into the outlet itself.

After the pulses are applied, the signals are compared. If everything is in order, the green LED lights on the receiver case light up in turn. If there is an open or short circuit somewhere, then one or more bulbs will not light at all.

When this happened, then first of all you need to sin on poor contact in the connectors. Most often, it is there, on any core, that the insulation is not completely cut off and, accordingly, there will be no connection.

At the very end, a ready-made tested cable with a connector is connected to the router.

A complete set of all tools for cutting, crimping, dialing the utp internet cable can be ordered on Aliexpress (free delivery).

How to connect a 4-wire telephone cable

But what if you use a 4-wire telephone cable for the Internet, and a standard 8-wire socket? How to connect the circuit in this case?

A simple connection by color will not help here. That is, if you insert a white-blue core into contact with a white-blue marking and connect all the other cores in the same color, there will be no signal.

This is explained by the fact that for signal transmission it is necessary to use contacts 1-2-3-6.

On one side, connect two wires to contacts 1-2:

green = blue lived

In this case, everything should work without problems. Just remember that here the most important thing is not the colors, but the positions. Colors are used to make it easier to visually distinguish the positions of the same core at different ends of the cable.

Also keep in mind that when using 4 wires, i.e. two pairs of twisted pair, you can achieve speeds up to 100Mbps. But for a gigabit network (1 Gbit / s), all 8 wires will already be needed.

Errors when connecting an Internet outlet

1 Incorrect wire connection according to the protocol.

You can easily confuse the order of the cores on the connector and in the outlet itself. Roughly speaking, turn them 180 degrees.

Here everything is checked by a more careful study of the inscriptions on the body of the socket and the colors of the cores themselves. A tester with a signal generator and receiver is a good helper for identifying such errors.

If the wires are disconnected incorrectly, the tester lights will light up not in order from 1 to 8, but in arbitrary variants. For example, first 1, then immediately 3, then 2, etc.

2 Not significant, but still considered a mistake, if the wires from the contact plates of the socket are cut off not after closing the cover, but before that moment.

That is, immediately after laying them in their places in the slot. In this case, the core may accidentally fall out, and it will no longer be possible to insert it back cut off. You will have to clean everything up again and go through the entire connection cycle on a new one.

And if you left the supply of cable in the mounting box small, then you will face a big headache.

3 Stripping of external insulation for a long distance, up to the walls of the socket, as in conventional 220V networks.

As mentioned earlier, the result here is a deterioration in the speed and quality of the signal. Moreover, it is not necessary to unwind the twisted pairs beforehand to the place where the insulation is cut, especially with a screwdriver. Just embroider them by pushing the strands to the required length to bring them into the slots.

According to the standard, it is not allowed to unwind a twisted pair cable by more than 13mm., otherwise crosstalk errors will appear in the frequency response tests. In practice, problems will begin when the network is loaded with traffic.

The rj-45 socket is called a computer socket, because it is usually used to connect to the Internet. A double rj-45 socket is used if you need to connect one computer to the Internet and a phone to the city network in the same room. The same double rj-45 is installed if the computer needs to be connected to the Internet and local network, in offices this happens even more often than in residential apartments. Be that as it may, you can connect a double socket yourself, you do not need special training for this, just read the detailed instructions.

First of all, you need to decide whether you need an internal or external (consignment note) connector. The internal one is installed using an additional distributor and allows you to hide the wiring behind a special partition or decorative element. This allows you to remove the wires from your eyes and additionally protect the socket from possible influences. But additional work with the wall will be required, and when moving a computer or phone to another place, you will have to start all over again.

It is easier to use and install an external or surface-mounted rj-45 socket. It is usually used everywhere, except for places with high humidity or dust (in this case, the contacts may oxidize or become dirty, which will lead to signal obstruction). Sockets can also be different. Double socket boxes can be single-sided or pass-through. One-way is used if one direct connection is expected. A walk-through socket box will be needed where the network will be connected from several rooms.

If you do not resort to the help of a specialist, but do the installation of the rj-45 with grounding yourself, you need to prepare some materials and tools in advance. You will need to purchase:

perforator;
screwdrivers;
pliers;
sharp knife to strip wires;
double socket rj-45;
a tool that can be used to crimp the wire in the connector.

It would be nice to have a cable tester in order to be able to make sure that everything is going right during the work. But you can do without it by simply checking the connection at the end of all the work: if the network does not work, then you will have to go back and revise the wiring according to the diagram.

Video “Connecting an outlet - the process in detail”

Training

If the decision is made to hide the outlet in the wall, then you need to install a socket box in it. To do this, you need a perforator and a special crown. With their help, a corresponding hole is hollowed out in the wall, then it is cleaned of debris and dust. After that, the socket box itself is installed and fixed with alabaster.
If an overhead system is mounted, then the box must be disassembled, the module removed from it, and the socket box must be attached to the wall (or floor) with screws.

In some cases, grounded computer outlets are required. If the ground cord is not wired separately, you need to purchase an rj-45 socket model already with grounding (they are somewhat more expensive, but this is the safety of the computer).

Mounting

The difference between a computer outlet and all the others is the use of 8 copper wires intertwined in pairs. These 4 pairs are called twisted pairs, and the installation consists in connecting them correctly. First, the terminal block must be disconnected from the main mechanism. This is done by carefully turning the white lock clockwise. Now you need to run a cable through the back.

Installation of walk-through, as well as conventional, sockets is carried out according to one of two schemes: T568B or T568A. Today, network devices themselves can recognize the scheme and even adjust if necessary, but more often they use scheme B, in which the port is provided by a green and orange pair of contacts. The crossover scheme is usually present on the terminal case, so according to this scheme, you need to connect twisted pairs. In order not to confuse anything, it is necessary to carefully consider the color marking. The grooves of the cover correspond to the cores of the twisted pair in color: white-brown corresponds to brown, white-blue to blue, and so on.

It is necessary to very carefully remove the insulation from the cable (no more than 3 cm), unwind the wiring (no more than 1.5 cm) and strip it. Now it's time to bring the twisted pair wires into the grooves of the cover in accordance with their color marking. If you use a legrand rj-45 socket (preferably with grounding), then you do not have to strip the ends of the wires. It has such a convenient design that it is enough to deepen the wires tightly into the corresponding grooves, and the contact pads will secure them themselves when the cover is lowered. The fact is that each platform is a pointed plate, when the cover is lowered, the plate cuts through the insulation of the conductors just so much that they touch the cores of the conductors that conduct the signal.

The connection of one socket took place, now the terminal block must be returned to its place in the back of the socket and the latch closed. To do this, the lock is rotated counterclockwise. It would be nice to check if everything works. If there is no cable tester, you will have to connect something, such as a modem, and make sure that it works. If the modem does not turn on, you will have to once again check the correct installation and connection of the wires according to the diagram.

Now you need to do the same to connect the wires to the second outlet. After making sure that both outlets are working, you can close them. If both wires are correctly and conveniently placed in the box, you can close the outlet, completely hiding the socket, and install a decorative frame. It remains to simply fix the external socket on the surface, the main thing is that the socket is installed firmly. This will ensure the immobility of the entire device during operation. It remains to hide the inside with wallpaper, panels or special decor. A double rj-45 socket is installed and ready to go, the main thing is not to forget about grounding, since safety depends on it. In addition, some companies refuse to take equipment for warranty repairs if it was operated without grounding.

Design features

Despite the variety of types of twisted-pair sockets, their design is almost identical, with the exception of small details. Let's take a typical external single-port device as an example.

Rice. 1. Basic elements of an external RJ-45 socket

Designations:

A is a plastic cover.
B is the base.
C is a functional board with a standard connector installed on it.
D - convectors for twisted pair connection.
E - tie for fixing the cable.
F - socket for connector.

Different types of devices may have minor characteristic features, but in general the design concept remains unchanged.

Types and characteristics

The main parameters of these switching devices are determined by the following criteria:

Number of ports.
Category.
Execution.

Let's briefly talk about each of them.

More doesn't mean better.

Rice. 2. Krauler 4-port external socket

In practice, when organizing an office or home LAN, one and two-unit modules are mainly used.

Currently, when installing a LAN, cables with a category below 5e are practically not used.

Execution.

The method of mounting the switching device depends on this parameter. There are two versions:

for external (external) installation (such sockets are shown in figures 1 and 2);
for indoor installation.

Internal two-port RJ-45 socket disassembled and assembled

Separately, it is necessary to highlight the sockets that are installed directly on the box. Technically, such a design can be considered both internal and external.

The performance of the LAN is not affected by the execution.

Modular designs.

RJ-45 pinout

This should not be a problem, since each contact group is color-coded in accordance with the T568A and T568B standards (it can be marked with the letters "A" and "B", as in the figure below).

If you do not know which standard your provider uses, then you can install it by pinouting the connector installed on the cable that enters the apartment.

Detailed connection instructions

Rice. 9. Universal extractor

This tool has a special mechanism that allows you to press the wire between two contact knives and cut off its excess (3 in Fig. 9). In addition, it is equipped with a flat screwdriver (2) and a hook (1) that allows you to remove the wire in case of incorrect termination. The cost of a universal extractor is relatively low, and the benefits are quite tangible.

It is undesirable to use a stripping knife, since in this case there is a high probability of damaging one of the cores of the twisted pair.

Having dealt with the necessary tool, let's move on to the algorithm for embedding a twisted pair into a switching device. We will proceed from the fact that the cable has already been laid, the seat for the socket has been prepared. The procedure is as follows:

Using universal pliers, cut off the outer insulation layer from the end of the wire. It is enough to bare 4-5 centimeters. You need to act carefully so as not to damage the wires. If this happens, cut off the damaged area, adjust the depth of the cut and repeat the operation.
After removing the insulation, level each of the pairs. Please note that there is no need to clean them. Each contact of the platform has special micro knives that cut the insulation and provide reliable contact and fixation of the wire.
We disassemble the socket. To do this, remove the front panel. To do this, unscrew the fixing screw or unfasten the special latches (depending on the design). If a modular socket is used, the modules must be removed from the socket.
We fix the cable on the module using a tie (E in Fig. 1) or in another way provided for by the design.
We insert the wires into the clamps, while it is necessary to adhere to the color marking of the selected standard. Do not try to drown the cores deep, just fix them with a little effort (A Fig. 11).
Using the extractor, we perform pressing (In Fig. 11).

Rice. 11. A - cable with wires separated by clamps, B - pressing with an extractor

At this stage, we will make a small digression regarding the use of available tools for pressing. Sometimes you can find tips in which, in the absence of the necessary tool for pressing, it is recommended to use a clerical knife or a thin slotted screwdriver. This approach can be used only as a last resort, when you urgently need access to the network, but there is no tool at hand. But in the future, such an outlet must be pinched. Otherwise, it is likely that the wire will lose contact with the latch after a while.

After pressing, the module is installed in place. If the socket is external, then its base is screwed to the prepared site, so that the cable is supplied from above, and the connector for the connector is from below. When installing an internal socket, its base is installed in the prepared glass and fixed in it.
We fasten the front panel, after which we check the performance. You can do this with a special tester, but it's easier to connect a computer and check for a network connection. If problems arise, then first of all check the correctness of the pinout, as practice shows, in 90% of cases the reason lies precisely in this.

Rice. 12. Twisted pair connectors

These devices are a box in which a board is installed with two RJ-45 connectors (A in Fig. 12), or twisted-pair latches, like sockets (B in Fig. 12).

It is not recommended to use sockets with more than two ports in domestic conditions. A large number of patch cords in one place will cause them to become tangled. It is better to spread the sockets at some distance.

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