Presentation on the theme of a dog's heart. Presentation on the theme of mikhail bulgakov a tale of a dog's heart. The tragic fate of the writer in the era of socialism

Cruel experience or the birth of a new life in the story of M . AND . Bulgakov's "Heart of a Dog" . "The experiment failed ... The bad heredity is to blame for everything ...!"

"Monstrous story"

The story of Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov "Heart of a Dog", subtitled "Monstrous Story" was written in 1925, it was published only 62 years after its birth - in 1987.

The story "Heart of a Dog"

Written in 1925.
Printed in 1987.

Why was the story published only 62 years later?

Review of LB Kamenev: "This is a poignant pamphlet on the present, under no circumstances should it be printed"

A pamphlet is a topical publicistic work of a denunciatory nature

The composition of the story:

Ring composition:

string (Sharik's monologue);
development of action (ball at the professor, operation, humanization of the dog);
climax (Sharikov's atrocities);
denouement (Sharik's return to its previous state);
epilogue (the ball was "lucky").

Satire (lat. satira) -the way of manifestation of comic-

whom in art, consisting in the destructive ridicule

nym. The strength of satire depends on the social significance

the position occupied by the satirist, from the effectiveness

these satirical methods.

At first glance, the plot of the story is simple - Professor Preobrazhensky takes out the pituitary gland and seminal glands from a newly deceased man and puts them into the dog Sharik, as a result of which the latter is "humanized".
But the story of the transformation of a dog into a man had a deeper background than just the operation performed by Professor Preobrazhensky. For Bulgakov, the risky experiment on the brain of a homeless dog Sharik served only as a plot basis for revealing the social problems of society.

Russia in the 20s of the twentieth century

To understand the whole essence of M.A. Bulgakov's "Heart of a Dog", it is necessary to know in what conditions it was written, what times Russia experienced at the beginning of the last century.

The history of our Motherland in the first quarter of the twentieth century can be represented by several great milestones.

1917 year - October coup in Russia ... Tsar Nicholas II was dethroned, the Bolsheviks came to power led by V.I. Lenin.

The main goal of the Bolsheviks' program was to build socialism in Russia (from each according to his ability, to each according to his work), and subsequently the construction of communism (from each according to his ability, to each according to his needs).

1920 - 1921 - economic and social crisis.

A CRISIS

SOCIAL

ECONOMIC

The population decreased by 10.9 million people

The workers were irritated by unemployment and food shortages. They were unhappy with the introduction of forced labor and its equalization. Therefore, strikes began in the cities.

Destroyed many mines and mines, oil rigs

Factories stopped due to lack of fuel and raw materials

The peasants, indignant at the actions of the food detachments, stopped not only handing over grain for the surplus appropriation, but also rose up for an armed struggle.

The sown area has decreased by 25%.

Hunger in town and country.

Traffic stopped on 30 railways

Inflation was rampant

Another hero of the story "Heart of a Dog" is the glorious street dog Sharik, who could "read by color" and, moreover, knew all the shops on Myasnitskaya and Mokhovaya streets in Moscow.
And great changes began to take place in Sharik's life. A fantastic experiment is conceived over him: by transplanting a part of the human brain, the dog must turn into a human.

BALL

Professor

Preobrazhensky

so , before us is the protagonist of the story "Heart of a Dog" - already an elderly professor of medicine Philip Philipovich Preobrazhensky . He practices human rejuvenation, fashionable at the time. . We must pay tribute to the talent of the scientist: Preobrazhensky is known for his works and abroad . During the day he sees patients , and in the evening takes up the study of medical literature . The professor appears before us as the embodiment of education and high culture . By convictions, this is a supporter of the old pre-revolutionary order. .

BORMENTAL

The person who gives the dog its pituitary gland becomes Klim Grigorievich Chugunkin, 25 years old, who was tried three times and acquitted: the first time due to lack of evidence, the second time the origin saved, the third - conditionally hard labor for 15 years.
“Profession - playing the balalaika in taverns.
Small in stature, poorly built. The liver is enlarged (alcohol).
The cause of death is a stab in the heart in the Stop Signal pub near the Preobrazhenskaya Zastava.

And now, as a result of the most complex operation, a humanoid creature appears, in which the makings of an eternally hungry and humiliated dog are combined with the qualities of its human donor. Bulgakov describes his appearance as follows: “A man of small stature and unsympathetic appearance. The hair on his head grew coarse, like bushes in a field that had been uprooted, and on his face there was unshaven fuzz on his face. The forehead was striking with its low height. A thick head brush began almost directly above the black tassels of the eyebrows.

With the appearance of this humanoid creature, the life of the professor and the inhabitants of his apartment becomes a living hell. The first words he uttered were swearing, the first distinct word was “bourgeois”.
The humanized ball arranges wild pogroms in the apartment, chases cats, arranges a flood and does all sorts of other outrageous things.
All the inhabitants of the professor's apartment are in complete confusion, there can be no question of admitting patients.

The "unexpectedly appeared ... laboratory" creature demands to register him in the apartment and assign him the "hereditary" surname Sharikov, and he chooses a name for himself - Polygraph Poligrafovich.
Bad heredity makes the process of bringing up Sharikov very difficult. Professor Preborazhensky and Bormental are busily trying to instill in him the rules of good manners, to develop and educate him. But of the entire system of cultural events, Sharikov likes only the circus, for he calls the theater a counter-revolution, and does not have the slightest interest in books.
In response to the demand of Preobrazhensky and Bormental to behave culturally at the table, Sharikov ironically replies that this is how people tortured themselves under the tsarist regime.

The inevitable conflict between the creator and creation, Preobrazhensky and Sharikov is gradually brewing.
A dog-like person feels himself the master of life: he is arrogant, aggressive, completely devoid of ideas about human culture, about the rules of relationships with other people, absolutely immoral.
Polygraph Poligrafovich quickly finds his social niche in human society. Everything happens as in the Soviet state: the lower classes, having reached power, begin to crowd out everything that previously occupied this social living space.
Combining the past of a stray dog \u200b\u200band a drunkard lumpen, Sharikov was "born" with one feeling: hatred of those who hurt him. Here is the class hatred of the proletariat for the bourgeoisie, the hatred of the poor for the rich, the hatred of the uneducated for the educated.

And the tragedy is that, having barely learned to walk, a "man" finds reliable allies in life who provide a revolutionary theoretical basis for all his actions.
Sharikov already has a "spiritual mentor" - the chairman of the house committee Shvonder.
From Shvonder, Sharikov learns what privileges he, a proletarian, have in comparison with a professor, and, moreover, begins to realize that the scientist who gave him human life is a class enemy.
Sharikov clearly understands the main credo of the new masters of life: rob, steal, take away everything created by other people, and most importantly - strive for universal equalization.
And once grateful to the professor, the dog can no longer come to terms with the fact that he “settled in seven rooms alone,” and brings the paper, according to which he is supposed to have an area of \u200b\u200b16 meters in his apartment.

CAREER

SHARIKOVA

The finest hour for Sharikov is his new job. Sharikov's career is truly amazing: from a stray dog \u200b\u200bto the head of the subdivision of cleaning the city from stray animals.
And now he appears before the amazed professor and Bormenthal "in a leather jacket from someone else's shoulder, in worn leather pants and high English boots to the knees." As you know, the revolutionary commanders preferred leather clothing.
We are no longer surprised that Sharikov took up the pursuit of stray dogs and cats, despite the fact that he himself belonged to them yesterday. And here one of Sharikov's main features manifests itself: gratitude is alien to him (unlike Sharik). On the contrary, he takes revenge on those who know his past. He takes revenge on his own kind in order to prove his difference from them, to assert himself. And it is precisely this choice of profession that is not surprising: the Sharikovs always strive to destroy their own.

WHO WAS NOTHING

EXPERIMENT

FAILED

As we know, Professor Philip Philipovich Preobrazhensky dreams of turning a dog into a man. However, the experiment ended in complete failure. The dear and kind dog Sharik took on only the worst features of his human donor - the drunkard and bully proletarian Klim Chugunkin.
In the end, he, instigated by the chairman of the house committee Shvonder, writes a denunciation of his creator and benefactor in order to take possession of his living space, and Professor Preobrazhensky has no choice but to return the newly-born aggressive member of society Polygraph Poligrafovich Sharikov to his primitive canine state.
Philip Philipovich foresees what Sharikov can do if he is not stopped in time: “... Shvonder is the main fool. He does not understand that Sharikov is a more formidable danger to him than to me. Well, now he is trying in every possible way to set him on me, not realizing that if someone, in turn, sets Sharikov on Shvonder himself, then only horns and legs will remain of him. " Bulgakov seemed to have foreseen a wave of repressions in the second half of the 1930s, which fell on the communists themselves. Then the Sharikovs really dealt with the Shvonders.

Moscow in the story "Dog's heart" it is a city seen through the eyes of a dog. Depicted in this way, he appears extraordinary. This is a defamation technique. The dog sees the city in the era NEP a (New Economic Policy), when trade, restaurants, rich people appear, whom the Soviet government gives the opportunity to engage in private entrepreneurship, even within a strict framework.

The story begins on a winter evening, on a "black evening", a dog, a bourgeois (Professor Preobrazhensky), a crossroads appear on the street. Such a roll call with Blok's poem "The Twelve" is not accidental.

Bulgakov addresses the same topic as Blok - the topic of the birth of a new world and man. Hence the name of the protagonist - Preobrazhensky. The heroes of the work of the 20-30s constantly think about the transformation of the old world.

But in the first part, we primarily sympathize with the unfortunate dog. We still do not pay attention to the lackey traits in his character, to the vocabulary of the "lumpenproletarian" ("This is a guy!" "How spat on" "Raunchy apartment, but how nice", the desire to be on the side of the strong) All these traits will make themselves felt when the dog turns into a human.

The image of Professor Preobrazhensky in the story is not simple. The reason for this is that the professor may seem like a good guy at first glance. He is smart, intelligent, ironic, simply talented, if not brilliant. He is a scientist, an inventor.

The professor strives to interfere with the natural process of life, in this sense he is a revolutionary, no different from the Bolsheviks he does not like. When describing the operation on Sharik, Preobrazhensky is furious, inspired, as if he is destroying something in order to create a new one.

Bulgakov has repeatedly said that he is an opponent of the revolution and a supporter of great evolution, that is, the gradual development of the world through the potentialities inherent in it.

The professor could have taken for his experience and someone better than Klim Chugunkin, but, faithful to the realistic truth, Bulgakov shows that, most likely, the body of the recently deceased - will be the body of a drunkard and a bully - this is more likely to turn up for experience, as he spent his life in places where it is easy to get stabbed.

Domkom in the story is the force that invades the world of intelligent people and destroys it completely. Such a force in the "White Guard" was the Petliurists. In The Master and Margarita, such a force will be Massolit and everything connected with him.

The professor himself let the dog - that is, Mephistopheles (Mephistopheles appeared to Faust in the guise of a black dog) into his house, but Sharikov was still intellectually insignificant.

It took Shvonder to turn negative skills into a disgusting chain of actions justified by a proletarian origin.

The Kalabukhov house, like Kiev in the White Guard, is a symbol of the old, cozy world, where everything was laid out in its place, where everyone was doing his own thing.

Before our eyes, the Kalabukhov house is being destroyed. Boors and lumpen, devoid of aesthetic sense, began to destroy it, and the professor himself continued, letting the forces of evil into his house.

This, perhaps, reflected the theme of the guilt of the intelligentsia in the destructive processes of the twentieth century.

Professor Preobrazhensky did not believe in the need for violence when interfering with life, but he himself uses force when he performs an operation, but when Sharikov begins to threaten the very life of the professor, Bormental uses force.

Bulgakov could write only when he found the strength that could withstand the main evil in his works.

Yes, it is a talented thing, but in no case should it be printed.

The writer raised the question of the very right of people to interfere, without hesitation, in the course of history. He reminded that the creation of a new person is fraught with serious dangers. In Sharikov Bulgakov saw the features that his favorite writers, Gogol and Saltykov-Shchedrin, conveyed with such skill and persuasiveness. The new thing was that people like Sharikov gained power. It was really dangerous.

Written in 1925, first published in 1968 simultaneously in the journals "Grani" (Frankfurt) and "Student" (London). 1925 1968 Frankfurt London In the Soviet Union, first published in 1987 and since then has been reprinted several times. Union 1987 NAZA D

Moscow Moscow, 1924. Professor Philip Philipovich Preobrazhensky, an outstanding surgeon, has achieved excellent results in practical rejuvenation. Continuing his research, he conceived an unprecedented experiment, an operation to transplant human glands to a dog. Selected as a test animal, the stray dog \u200b\u200bSharik, picked up by him on the street, got access to the professor's spacious apartment and excellent food. Klim Chugunkin, a thief, an alcoholic and a rowdy who died in a fight, became an organ donor. 1924 Professor of the Surgery of Youth Homeless Klim Chugunkinvor is an alcoholic

The results of the operation exceeded expectations. Sharik's limbs were stretched out, hair fell out, speech appeared. Rumors of miracles in the professor's house spread throughout Moscow. However, Preobrazhensky very soon had to regret what he had done. With Sharik, not only physical, but also psychological humanization took place, he inherited all the addictions from Chugunkin. Polygraph Poligrafovich Sharikov, as he called himself, discovered an addiction to foul language, vodka, theft, the female sex, tavern feasts, vanity and speculations about the proletarian idea. For the sake of raising his social status, Sharikov, on the recommendation of the chairman of the house committee Shvonder, who hoped with his help to survive Professor Preobrazhensky from the apartment, takes a leading position in the department of cleaning the city from homeless animals.

The new job pleases Sharikov's pride, an official car comes for him every day, the servant begins to treat him with some respect, he does not feel obligated to Preobrazhensky and Bormental, who are still trying to instill in him the norms of cultural life. He enjoys killing stray cats, although, according to Preobrazhensky, "cats are temporary." Sharikov brings to the apartment of Professor Preobrazhensky a young girl he has hired, whom he deceived, embellishing his biography and social status. Having learned the truth from the professor, the girl leaves Sharikov, who threatens to fire her. Dr. Bormental stands up for the girl.

Sharikov decides to write a political denunciation on the inhabitants of the apartment, who are far from sympathetic to the new government and its representatives in their own house. However, the paper ends up in one of Preobrazhensky's former patients, who returns it to the professor. Preobrazhensky demands that Sharikov get out of his apartment, he refuses and pulls out a revolver. Bormental disarms Sharikov, together with the professor they carry out a new operation Sharikov turns back into a dog. The dog does not remember anything that happened to him, and happily lives in the professor's apartment. NAZA D

There is a slight inconsistency in the text: in different parts of the story, the organ donor for transplantation is sometimes called Chugunkin, then Chugunov; he is 25 or 28 years old. The prototype of the "Kalabukhov House", in which the main events of the story unfold, was the apartment building of the architect S. F. Kulagin, built by him on Prechistenka Street in 1904. S.F.Kulagina Prechistenka 1904 NAZA D

Daria Petrovna Ivanova is the cook of Professor Preobrazhensky. Fyodor is the doorman of the house where Professor Preobrazhensky lives. Chugunkin Klim Grigorievich who died in a fight is a repeat offender, alcoholic and hooligan. His pituitary gland and seminal glands were used for transplantation of Sharik Chugunkin Klim Grigorievichvor recurrent alcoholic hooligangipophysis seminal glands transplant Shvonder Chairman of the House Committee. Vyazemskaya head of the cultural department at home. Pestrukhin and Zharovkin are Shvonder's colleagues, members of the House Committee. Pyotr Aleksandrovich is a certain influential "worker", a patient and a good friend of Professor Preobrazhensky. NAZA D

THE STORY AS A POLITICAL SATIRE The most widespread political interpretation of the story refers to the very idea of \u200b\u200bthe Russian revolution, the "awakening" of the social consciousness of the proletariat. Sharikov is traditionally perceived as an allegorical image of the Russian lumpen proletariat, which unexpectedly received a large number of rights and freedoms, but quickly discovered selfish interests and the ability to betray and destroy like their own kind (a former homeless dog climbs the social ladder, destroying other homeless animals), so and those who endowed them with these rights. The ending of the story looks artificial, without outside interference. The fate of Sharikov's creators looks a foregone conclusion. Bulgakov's story is believed to have predicted massive repressions of the 1930s. Mass repressions of the 1930s

A number of Bulgakov scholars believe that Heart of a Dog was a political satire on the leadership of the state in the mid-1920s. In particular, that Sharikov-Chugunkin is Stalin (both have an "iron" second name), prof. Preobrazhensky is Lenin (who transformed the country), his assistant Dr. Bormental, constantly in conflict with Sharikov is Trotsky (Bronstein), assistant Zina Zinoviev, etc. A number of Bulgakov scholars believe that "Heart of a Dog" was a political satire on the leadership of the state in the mid-1920s years. In particular, that Sharikov-Chugunkin is Stalin (both have an "iron" second name), prof. Preobrazhensky is Lenin (who transformed the country), his assistant Dr. Bormental, who is constantly in conflict with Sharikov is Trotsky (Bronstein), assistant Zina Zinoviev, and so on. Political satire Stalin Lenin Trotsky Zinoviev political satire Stalin Lenin Trotsky Zinoviev NAZA D

Michael Bulgakov
The story "Dog
a heart"
Prezentacii.com
Prezentacii.com

Mikhail Afanasevich
Bulgakov (18911940)

Purpose:
 Expand the concept of satire.
Clarify the goals of Bulgakov's satire.
Show craftsmanship and civic
courage of a writer.

Epigraph
"Heart of a Dog"
a masterpiece of Bulgakov's satire.
Satire Bulgakov - smart and
seeing.
V. Sakharov

Vocabulary work
 Satira (lat satira) a way of manifesting comic
whom in art, consisting in the destructive ridicule
nii phenomena that appear to the author of
nym. The power of satire depends on social significance
the position occupied by the satirist, from the efficiency
these satirical methods.

The subject of satire is man, his
vices.

irony
types of satire
humor
sarcasm

Align
irony
Good natured mocking attitude
to anything; good-natured and funny
mocking
humor
Caustic, cruel ironic
mockery
sarcasm
Subtle, hidden mockery;
mismatch of positive
meaning and negative connotation

Satirists
 Ivan Andreevich Krylov
 Nikolai Vasilievich Gogol
 Mikhail Evgrafovich Saltykov Shchedrin
 Mikhail Mikhailovich Zoshchenko
 Arkady Timofeevich Averchenko
 Nadezhda Alexandrovna Teffi
 Ilf (Ilya Arnoldovich Fainzilberg) and
Petrov (Evgeny Petrovich Kataev)

M A. Bulgakov (18911940)
May 3 (15), 1891 was born in Kiev in the family
teacher of the theological academy.
1916 graduated from the medical faculty
Kiev University.
1916-1917 worked as a zemstvo
doctor in the Smolensk province.
1921 came to Moscow for a permanent
residence. He worked in the newspaper "Gudok".
Since 1930 he began working in the theaters of the Moscow Art Theater and
Bolshoi Theater.
1940 died of kidney disease and is buried in Moscow
at the Novodevichy cemetery.

Works of M.A.Bulgakov
"Notes of a young doctor"
"Cuff Notes"
The Devil's story
Roman "White Guard" (play "Days of the Turbins")
The tale "Fatal eggs"
The story "Heart of a Dog"
Play "Zoyka's apartment"
The play "Running"
Play "Crimson Island"
The play "Dead Souls" (based on Gogol's poem)
Play "Moliere"
The novel "The Master and Margarita"

The story "Heart of a Dog"
 Written in 1925.
Printed 1987.
Why is the story published only
in 62 years?
Review of L. B. Kamenev: “This is a sharp
pamphlet on the present, print
in no case is it "
Topical journalistic pamphlet
accusatory work

"Heart of a Dog" ("Monstrous
history")
 Where does the piece begin?
 Whose eyes do we see the world?
 As depicted in the story of the social and political
the situation in Russia for 20 years?
 What can you say about Sharik? Is it by chance, on your
look, the name chosen for the dog, Ball?
 Compare the images of Sharik - a stray dog \u200b\u200band Sharikov
"Cleanup Chief." How do they feel?
creating images of Sharikov, Shvonder, Pestrukhin?
 Why is the apartment of Professor Preobrazhensky not
compacted?
 What artistic details does the author use when
creating images of Professor Preobrazhensky, doctor
Bormental?

We reason together.
 What says about the character and lifestyle of Professor Preobrazhensky
furnishings in the apartment?
 What kind of help did Professor Preobrazhensky provide to patients?
 What is the composition of the story, what parts does it consist of?
 What assessment of the state of society does Preobrazhensky give? What, according to him
opinion, the cause of the devastation?
 What role do the chanting scenes play?
 Provide a comparative analysis of the descriptions of life in the Kalabukhov
home before the revolution and after.
 How was Sharik's fate? Has his way of thinking changed since
return in original condition?

The composition of the story
Ring composition:
 setting (Sharik's monologue);
 development of action (the ball at the professor,
operation, humanizing a dog);
 culmination (Sharikov's atrocities);
 denouement (Sharik's return to its previous state);
 epilogue (the ball was "lucky").

Thinking together
 How, in your opinion, the future life may turn out
professor Preobrazhensky and Doctor Bormental. Justify
their assumptions.
 What is the role of servant images in the story?
 Give examples of the antithesis in the story.
 Why did the story generate conflicting assessments? Why ban
for its publication was so long (60 years)?
 Express your attitude towards Professor Preobrazhensky,
dr. Bormental, Sharikov, Shvonder and other heroes.
 Give possible interpretations of the story "Dog
a heart".

Antithesis in the story
Sharik Sharikov;
Preobrazhensky Shvonder;
Kalabukhov house before and after
revolution;
Ball at the beginning and at the end of the story

Humanizing the dog
Pound mongrel Sharik
Pound mongrel Sharik
sweet, good-natured,
sweet, good-natured,
observant
observant
Klim Chugunkin
Klim Chugunkin
drunkard lumpen
drunkard lumpen
proletarian
proletarian
and h
f
r and p about
t
e
l
about
Polygraph
Polygraph
Poligrafovich
Poligrafovich
Sharikov
Sharikov
Dog properties
properties K
l
and
m
and

Sharik + Klim Chugunkin \u003d Polygraph
Poligrafovich Sharikov
In the course of humanizing the dog, cute and
good-natured dog Sharik
perceives the worst features of his
human donor, lumpen
proletarian Klim Chugunkin and
turns into a sinister figure
Polygraph Poligrafovich
Sharikova

Whose influence is stronger?
Preobrazhensky
Preobrazhensky
creator (doctor,
creator (doctor,
professor, worldwide
professor, worldwide
famous scientist)
famous scientist)
Surgical works
Surgical works
by which way (physical
by which way (physical
violence)
violence)
Shvonder
Shvonder
ideologue (expropriation
ideologue (expropriation
torus, motto: "Rob
torus, motto: "Rob
loot! ")
loot! ")
Works with
Works with
words (spiritual nasi
words (spiritual nasi
lie)
lie)
Polygraph
Polygraph
Poligrafovich
Poligrafovich
Sharikov
Sharikov

Antagonists:
Preobrazhensky's problem: Shvonder's logic:
organ transplant for the purpose of a worker who has nothing
to prolong the period of life has, "The trouble is, if the pies start to bake
shoemaker, and wear boots
pieman".
The professor's experiment failed.
The scientist came to the conclusion that
Sharikov violence against nature.

Output.
Prezentacii.com
Also a revolutionary experiment
the Bolsheviks are doomed to failure.
Foster a sense of respect for individuals
ty, self-esteem,
conscious attitude to what is happening
it is possible only with gradual
nom, evolutionary development of the community
tva, with painstaking educational and
cultural work of the intelligentsia.
Prezentacii.com

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Slide captions:

Mikhail Afanasevich Bulgakov The presentation was prepared by NN Kazantseva, teacher of the Russian Polyanskaya Secondary School No. 2

Biography of the writer Mikhail Bulgakov was born on May 3 (15), 1891 in Kiev in the family of the professor of the Kiev Theological Academy Afanasy Ivanovich Bulgakov (1859-1907) and his wife Varvara Mikhailovna (nee Pokrovskaya) (1869-1922). The family had seven children: Mikhail (1891-1940), Vera (1892-1972), Nadezhda (1893-1971), Varvara (1895-1954), Nikolai (1898-1966), Ivan (1900-1969) and Elena ( 1902-1954).

Biography of the writer In 1909, Mikhail Bulgakov graduated from the Kiev First Gymnasium and entered the medical faculty of Kiev University. October 31, 1916 - received a diploma of approval "in the degree of a doctor with honors with all the rights and advantages assigned to this degree by the laws of the Russian Empire." In 1913, M. Bulgakov enters into his first marriage - with Tatyana Lappa (1892-1982). After the outbreak of the First World War, M. Bulgakov worked as a doctor in the frontline zone for several months. Then he was sent to work in the village of Nikolskoye, Smolensk province, after which he worked as a doctor in Vyazma.

Biography of the writer In 1923, M. Bulgakov entered the All-Russian Union of Writers. Since October 1926, the play "Days of the Turbins" has been performed at the Moscow Art Theater with great success. Its production is allowed for a year, but later it was extended several times, since the play was liked by I. Stalin. [

Biography of the writer By 1930, the works of M. Bulgakov ceased to be published, plays were removed from the repertoire of theaters. Since February 1940, friends and family are constantly on duty at the bedside of M. Bulgakov. On March 10, 1940, Mikhail Afanasyevich Bulgakov died. On March 11, a civil funeral service was held in the building of the Union of Soviet Writers. Before the funeral service, the Moscow sculptor S. D. Merkurov removes the death mask from M. Bulgakov's face.

Biography of the writer M. Bulgakov was buried at the Novodevichy cemetery. On his grave, at the request of his wife E. S. Bulgakova, a stone was installed, nicknamed "Golgotha", which had previously lay on the grave of N. V. Gogol

Stone from the grave of Gogol

The fate of the story "Heart of a Dog" The story was written in 1925, but the author did not wait for its publication: the manuscript was seized during a search in 1926. The reader saw her only in 1985.

Professor Preobrazhensky Philip Philipovich is a well-known and respected person. This is a true representative of the intelligentsia. He is smart, talented, dedicated to his work. To Preobrazhensky, who works at home, people are enrolled in a queue for expensive operations. The author says this about one of the working days of Preobrazhensky: "The doors opened, faces changed, tools rattled in the cabinet, and Philip Philipovich worked tirelessly."

Professor Preobrazhensky

Attitude to Sharikov Every day, Philip Filippovich watched with horror what his "brainchild" was turning into - a mixture of the dog Sharik and the drunkard Klim Chugunkin. And more and more Preobrazhensky became convinced that the genes of the proletariat are destructive and that his "homunculus" is socially dangerous, threatens, first of all, the professor himself: "... the old donkey Preobrazhensky ran into this operation as a third year student."

Polygraph Polygraphovich Sharikov Polygraph Polygraphovich is not as simple as it might seem at first. He never misses his benefit. Sharikov got a job not as a simple worker, but as the head of a subdivision for cleansing the city of stray cats. Interesting is his opinion about military service: "I will not go to fight anywhere! .. I will take the registration, and to fight - a shish with butter."

Ivan Arnoldovich Bormental

Still from the film "Heart of a Dog"

A quote from the text of Klim Petrovich Chugunkin, whose characteristics are given very briefly: “Profession - playing the balalaika in taverns. Small in stature, poorly built. The liver is enlarged (alcohol). The cause of death is a stab in the heart in a pub "

Still from the film "Heart of a Dog"

Shvonder and others

Shvonder and other Representatives of the new government, headed by Shvonder, smash everything old, bringing dirt not only into the front doors, but also into society, since they have no idea about morality and ethics. Their only morality is well expressed by Sharikov - “to divide everything”. What to share? Money, property, houses, families, life? .. Bulgakov insists that the proletariat began the transformation from the wrong end.

Heart of a Dog Tattoos

In the story, Professor Preobrazhensky manages to return everything to its place: Sharikov again becomes an ordinary dog. Will we ever be able to correct all those mistakes, the results of which we still experience on ourselves?

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