Rare and interesting historical photographs. Rare historical photographs Historical photography

This collection contains rare and unique historical photographs that capture significant events in history, prominent personalities and moments from their lives, as well as other interesting shots. This fascinating collection of images will give you a fresh look at some of the facts. The photo below captures Charles Godefroy's flight through the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. He led his Nieuport 11 through the arch on August 7, 1919.

2. Construction of the city of Brasilia, which later became the capital of Brazil. 1960:

3. Construction of the Eiffel Tower in July 1888:


4. Boeing B-29 Superfortress called "Enola Gay" was the same bomber that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan during World War II. It was the first aircraft to drop an atomic bomb as a weapon:


5. The famous cover of The Beatles Abbey Road album, do you know? Only unlike the original cover, in this photo they go in the opposite direction:


6. Che Guevarra and Fidel Castro:


7. The Albert Einstein certificate, which he received at the age of 17, his grades are rather mediocre, on a scale of 1 to 6:


8. Filming of the legendary Star Wars movie inside the Millenium Falcon spacecraft:


9. Built in the USA, the ENIAC complex became the first computer in the history of mankind. It was capable of performing complex calculations and operations thousands of times faster than any other machine before:


10. Unbroken seal on Tutankhamun's grave:


11. The first Google team in 1999:


12. The first Wal-Mart was opened in 1962:


13. In 1948, one of the first McDonald's restaurants opens:



15. Henry Ford (founder of Ford Motor Co.), Thomas Edison (inventor of the phonograph, camera and light bulb), Warren G. Harding (29th President of the United States) and Harvey Samuel Firestone (founder of Firestone Tire and Rubber Co.) rest together:


16. A Cessna 172 piloted by Matthias Rust illegally landed in Red Square on May 28, 1987. A German amateur pilot flew from Finland to Moscow (being tracked by Soviet air defense and Soviet jet fighters, who never received a decree to shoot him down):


17. One of the first photographs taken in Hitler's bunker (Führerbunker) in 1945 by Allied soldiers:


18. Madonna, Sting and Tupac Shakur:


19. Quagga is an extinct subspecies of zebra. The only Quagga to be photographed alive at the Zoological Society of London Zoo in Reagent Park in 1870:



21. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates Talk, 1991:


22. Elvis Presley, King of Rock and Roll while serving in the US Army:


In continuation, visit also a selection of the most famous photographs of the past, where there are also a number of interesting pictures.

Interesting photos of people and events that have gone down in history

We bring to your attention rare and interesting historical photographs that will be of interest to you.

Monica Bellucci, 1992.

Drug lord Pablo Escobar and his son Juan pose in front of the White House in the 1980s


Electronic digital integrator and calculator, the fourth computer built in history, 1946


Young Osama bin Laden in judo training


The guy is looking at a family album he found in the rubble of his old house after the Sichuan earthquake.


Walking hippos in the zoo, Moscow, 1950s.


Tibetan national football team. 1936 year.


Visiting Donald Trump, 1987



Vladimir Ilyich speaks to the units of the Red Army leaving for the Polish front. Moscow, May 5, 1920.


Supporters of the African National Congress set fire to a man suspected of being a Zulu spy. South Africa, 1990.



"Aggressors found!" Drawing from the Czechoslovak magazine "Roháč", 1958.


Burial of the corpses of Japanese soldiers in Saipan, 1944. A bulldozer prepares a mass grave.


The tower of the battleship Mutsu, recovered from the seabed. On June 8, 1943, the ship exploded in Hiroshima Bay and sank at a depth of 40 meters.



Passers-by explore a new map of Europe after the end of the First World War. Philadelphia, 1918.


Steve Jobs and Bill Gates.


Milla Jovovich

Photo of Abraham Lincoln's dog Fido, 1861.


Viktor Pivovarov, 1975. The daily routine of a lonely person.

Opening of the pharaoh's sarcophagus, 1924 After 3 thousand years of loneliness, Tutankhamun again met people.


Zakhar Prilepin in Dagestan, 1999.


Chechen boy with a machine gun in a refugee camp. Ingushetia, November 1999.


A wedding cortege crosses checkpoints, Grozny, 2000.


The Swede hit a neo-Nazi protester with a bag. This woman survived after being imprisoned in a concentration camp (1985).


Young clown Yuri Nikulin depicts "a man from the public" who first mounted a horse, 1947, Moscow

Sophia Loren, Rome, 1955


Leon Trotsky in a hospital in Mexico City after the assassination attempt, August 1940


A cat runs across the street during a street fight in Beirut, Lebanon, 1980s.


Pilots on a flight simulator, 1915, Russian Empire

The desire to capture the moments of life that occur with a person or the world around him has always existed. This is evidenced by both rock paintings and fine arts. Accuracy and detailing, the ability to capture an object in an advantageous perspective, light, convey a color palette, shadows were especially appreciated in the canvases of artists. Such work sometimes took months of work. It was this desire, as well as the desire to reduce time costs, that became the impetus for the creation of such an art form as photography.

The emergence of photography

In the 4th century BC, Aristotle, a famous scientist from Ancient Greece, noticed a curious fact: the light that filtered through a small hole in the window shutter repeated the landscape outside the window with shadows on the wall.

Further, in the treatises of scientists from Arab countries, the phrase literally meaning "dark room" begins to be mentioned. It turned out to be a device in the form of a box with a hole in the front, with the help of which it became possible to sketch still lifes and landscapes. Later, the box was improved with moving halves and a lens, which made it possible to focus on the picture.

Thanks to the new features, the pictures have become much brighter, and the device has received the name "light room", that is, camera lucina. Such simple technologies allowed us to find out what Arkhangelsk looked like in the middle of the 17th century. With their help, a precise perspective of the city was captured.

Development stages of photography

In the 19th century, Joseph Niepce invented a method of photographing, which he called heliogravure. Shooting with this method took place in bright sun and lasted up to 8 hours. Its essence was as follows:

A metal plate was taken, which was covered with bituminous varnish.

The plate was directly exposed to bright light, which prevented the varnish from dissolving. But this process was heterogeneous and depended on the intensity of illumination at each of the sites.

Then they poisoned me with acid.

As a result of all the manipulations, a relief, engraved picture appeared on the plate. The daguerreotype became the next significant stage in the development of photography. The method got its name from the name of its inventor, Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre, who was able to obtain an image on a silver plate treated with iodine vapor.

The next method was calotype, invented by Henry Talbot. The advantage of the method was the ability to make copies of one image, which, in turn, was reproduced on paper soaked in silver salt.

First acquaintance with the art of photography in Russia

The history of Russian photography has been going on for more than a century and a half. And this story is full of different events and interesting facts. Thanks to the people who discovered the art of photography for our country, we can see Russia through the prism of time as it was many years ago.

The history of photography in Russia begins in 1839. It was then that I. Hamel, a member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, went to Great Britain, where he got acquainted with the calotypy method, having studied it in detail. Then he sent a detailed description. So the first photographs were obtained, made by the method of calotyping, which are still stored in the Academy of Sciences in an amount of 12 pieces. The photographs bear the signature of the method's inventor, Talbot.

After that, in France, Hamel met Daguerre, under whose leadership he took several pictures with his own hand. In September 1841, the Academy of Sciences received a letter from Hamel, in which, according to his words, was the first photograph taken from life. A photograph taken in Paris shows a female figure.

After that, photography in Russia began to gain momentum, developing rapidly. Between the 19th and 20th centuries, Russian photographers began to take part in international photo exhibitions and salons on a general basis, where they received prestigious awards and prizes, and had membership in the respective communities.

Talbot's way

The history of photography in Russia was developed thanks to people who were keenly interested in the new art form. Such was also Julius Fyodorovich Fritzsche, a famous Russian botanist and chemist. He was the first to master the Talbot method, which consisted of obtaining a negative on light-sensitive paper and then printing it on a sheet treated with silver salts and manifested in sunlight.

Fritzsche took the first photographs of calotypes of plant leaves, after which he entered before the Akadamia of Sciences in St. Petersburg in May 1839 with a report. In it, he reported that he found the calotypy method suitable for capturing flat objects. For example, the method is suitable for taking pictures of original plants with the accuracy required for a botanist.

Contribution of J. Fritzsche

Thanks to Fritzsche, the history of photography in Russia went a little further: he proposed replacing sodium hyposulfate, which Talbot used to develop the picture, with ammonia, which significantly modernized the calotype, improving the image quality. Yuliy Fyodorovich was also the first in the country and one of the first in the world to carry out research work on photography and photography.

Alexey Grekov and the "art cabin"

The history of photography in Russia continued, and the next contribution to its development was made by Alexey Grekov. A Moscow inventor and engraver, he was the first of the Russian masters of photography to master both calotypes and daguerreotypes. And if you ask the question of what the first cameras were in Russia, then it is Grekov's invention, the “art room”, that can be considered as such.

The first camera, created by him in 1840, made it possible to take high-quality, with good sharpness, portrait photographs, which many photographers who tried to achieve this did not succeed. Grekov came up with a chair with special comfortable cushions that supported the subject's head, allowing him not to get tired during a long sitting and to maintain a stationary position. And the person in the chair had to be motionless for a long time: 23 minutes in the bright sun, and on a cloudy day - all 45.

The master of photography Grekov is considered to be the first portrait photographer in Russia. A photographic device invented by him, consisting of a wooden camera, into which light did not penetrate, also helped him to achieve excellent portrait photographs. But at the same time, the boxes could slide out one of the other and return to their place. At the outer box on the front of it, he attached a lens, which was a lens. The inner box contained a light-sensitive plate. Changing the distance between the boxes, that is, moving them one of the other or vice versa, it was possible to achieve the required sharpness of the picture.

Contribution of Sergei Levitsky

The next person, thanks to whom the history of photography in Russia continued to develop rapidly, was Sergei Levitsky. In the history of Russian photography, daguerroptypes of Pyatigorsk and Kislovodsk, made by him in the Caucasus, appeared. As well as a gold medal at an art exhibition held in Paris, where he sent pictures to participate in the competition.

Sergei Levitsky was in the forefront of photographers who suggested changing the decorative background for filming. They also decided to retouch portrait photographs and their negatives in order to reduce or remove technical deficiencies, if any.

Levitsky left for Italy in 1845, deciding to raise the level of knowledge and skills in the field of daguerreotype. He takes pictures of Rome, as well as portrait photographs of Russian artists who lived there. And in 1847 he invents a photographic apparatus with folding fur, using for this fur from an accordion. The innovation allowed the camera to become more mobile, which is largely reflected in the expansion of photography capabilities.

Sergei Levitsky returned to Russia as a professional photographer, having opened his own daguerreotype workshop "Svetopis" in St. Petersburg. With her, he also opens a photo studio with a rich collection of photographic portraits of Russian artists, writers and public figures. He does not give up the study of the art of photography, continuing to experimentally study the use of electric light and its combination with solar and their effect on photographs.

Russian trace in photography

Art workers, masters of photography, inventors and scientists from Russia have made a great contribution to the history and development of photography. So, among the creators of new types of cameras, such Russian surnames as Sreznevsky, Ezuchevsky, Karpov, Kurdyumov are known.

Even Dmitry Ivanovich Mendeleev took an active part, dealing with theoretical and practical problems of making photographs. And together with Sreznevsky, they stood at the origins of the creation of the photographic department in the Russian Technical Society.

The successes of Andrey Denier, a brilliant master of Russian photography, who can be put on the same level with Levitsky, are widely known. He was the creator of the first photo album with portraits of famous scientists, doctors, travelers, writers and artists. And the photo artist A. Karelin became known throughout Europe and entered the history of photography as the founder of the genre of everyday photography.

Development of photography in Russia

At the end of the 19th century, interest in photography increased not only among specialists, but also among the common population. And in 1887 the "Photographic Bulletin" was published, a magazine that collected information on recipes, chemical compositions, methods of processing photography, theoretical data.

But before the revolution in Russia, the opportunity to engage in artistic photography was available only to a small number of people, since almost none of the inventors of the camera had the opportunity to produce them on an industrial scale.

In 1919, V.I.Lenin issued a decree on the transfer of the photographic industry under the control of the People's Commissariat for Education, and in 1929 the creation of light-sensitive photographic materials began, which later became available to everyone. And already in 1931 the first domestic camera "Photocor" appeared.

The role of Russian masters, photo artists, inventors in the development of photography is great and occupies a worthy place in the world history of photography.

In life, everything has its beginning, so any science and art originate somewhere in the depths of centuries, and then develop, improve, new directions, new trends are formed. This also applies to photography, which I perceive as art, the development of which is directly related to science, I mean the development of photographic technology. This article, entitled "The History of Photography in Brief", contains the most important facts about the birth and development of the great art of photography.

It is worth starting with the main definition of photography, it came from the ancient Greek words "light" and "I write", ie light painting is a technique of painting with light. This is the ability to create and save an image using a photosensitive material (matrix) in the camera. This is the technically correct wording. If we talk about photography as a form of art, then the definition may sound like this: the creative process of finding and creating a theoretically correct and artistic and artistic composition, which in turn, albeit partially, is determined by vision. The term itself appeared in 1839.

History of photography in brief

In 1826, the Frenchman Joseph Nicephorus Niepce surprised many by taking the first photograph in the history of mankind, obtained using a "camera obscura" (per. Dark room) on a tin plate covered with a thin layer of Syrian asphalt. This photograph was a view from the window of Jean N. Niepce's workshop and was created over 8 hours, continuously under direct sunlight.

Almost at the same time as Zh.N. Niepce, another Frenchman, Louis Jacques Mandé Daguerre, worked on obtaining a stable image. In 1829, having teamed up with Niepce and received all the detailed information about his previous experiments, Louis Daguerre begins to actively work on improving the process. And in 1837 he achieved success and received an image in 30 minutes, using table salt as a fixative. This method is called daguerreotype. However, unlike the method of J. Niepce, it was impossible to copy the images.

Along with the French, the Englishman William Fox Henry Talbot worked on the creation of a stable image, and in 1839 he created his own method of obtaining a negative image called calotypy (later it became known as talbotypy). The main difference between this process is the special way of preparing sensitive paper. This process dominated the creation of both portrait and architectural images.

The history of the development of photography continues in 1850. Louis Brancard Ervar finds a new type of photographic paper - albumen, which was later used as the main one until the end of the century.

In 1851, the Frenchman Gustave Le Grey invented wax negatives, which in turn replaced the talbotype. This innovation has greatly simplified the process of creating images in nature.

The history of photography continues in 1847, when a kind of new stage in its development begins. This year begins the era of glass negatives, Claude Felix Abel Niepce achieved the first impressive results in this process. And already in 1851 the Englishman Frederick Scott Archer developed the wet calllodion process. Due to the legal insecurity of this process, it quickly became widespread and helped to increase. In 1854, the name ambrotype appeared, patented in America, which was a kind of more simplified version of daguerreotype.

In 1861, the English physicist James Maxwell was the first in the world to obtain a color image, which was the result of three shots of the same subject, with different filters (red, blue and green). The wider use of color photography became possible thanks to Adolf Mieta. He invented sensitizers that make photographic plates more sensitive to other regions of the spectrum. An even greater contribution to the development of this was made by Sergei Prokudin-Gorsky, who developed technologies to reduce exposure.

Development did not stand still, from year to year scientists sought to improve the process of creating an image. So a new stage in the history of photography began in 1872, when the Englishman Richard Leach Maddox announced the creation of a dry collodion plate.

In 1876 in England an integrated approach to the study of the photographic process by W. Driffield and F. Harter began, they focused on the study of the relationship between the exposure time and the amount of silver formed in the film. In 1879, J. Swann opened the first production of special silver halide photographic paper based on gelatin, which became the main element in the production of paper for photography and is still used in industrial production today. By this time, the workers involved in the production of photographic prints were already able to slightly adjust the tonality and contrast of the image during production.

American banker George Eastman in 1880, after a trip to England, opened his own company in America under the name "Eastman Dry Records Company", which later in 1888 was renamed and registered as the KODAK company. And in the same year this brand was released in the summer.

In 1869 Edward James Muybridge created one of the first camera shutters, which he used to photograph horses. In addition, he created his own photography system. In 1881, photographs of horses brought Muybridge worldwide fame.

The history of photography continues further: in 1884, D. Eastman received a patent for roller film on a paper backing and cassette, which was a great innovation in the process of photography. And already in 1888 D. Eastman received a patent for a portable camera, which housed the roller film he had patented earlier. And already in 1889 the mass production of films began.

In 1911, Oskar Barnack came to work for the German company "Leitz" ("Leitz"), who made a huge contribution to the further development of photography. Thanks to his efforts and research, in 1925 goes on sale small format camera of a new type called Leica I (the name comes from the merger of the two words Leitz and Camera), which worked on standard film. Also this year, P. Vircotter secured the rights to the first flash lamp invented by him, and in 1931 G. Edgerton invented the world's first electronic flash, which naturally replaced the flash lamp.

In 1932, the first in the world becomes public small format rangefinder camera Leica II.

Since about the 1930s. Color photography is gaining popularity, thanks to the Kodak Company, the first to produce Kodachrome color reversible film. And in 1942 the company launched Kodacolor film, which became very popular among professionals and amateurs of photography.

In 1948, Polaroid made a breakthrough in photography with the Polaroid Land 95, which ushers in the era of instant photography.

In 1975, Kodak engineer Stephen Sassoon developed and introduced the first digital camera to the public. had a resolution of 0.1 mega pixel.

The growing public interest in photography demanded a more user-friendly model and more production, and in 1988 FUJI introduced the truly portable FUJI DS-1P digital camera.

Nowadays, when even mobile phones have built-in cameras capable of taking pretty good photos, it can be hard to imagine that people once spent a huge amount of time creating just one photo.

The logical result of the development of photography was its transformation into a true art. And personally, I am infinitely glad of this that now there is more opportunity to create truly artistic, artistic photographs.

A few more interesting facts from the history of photography:

- Louis Dagger took a photograph in 1838, which is considered the first to depict a person.

- In 1839 Robert Cornelius made his first self-portrait.

- In 1858 Gaspard Turnas made the first aerial photograph of Paris.

- In 1856, William Thompson took the first underwater photograph. His camera was attached to a pole.

- In 1840, Professor John William Draper took the first successful photograph of the moon.

- In 1972, the first color photograph of our beautiful planet Earth was taken.

What? Where? When? Short review

There is such a misconception that life used to be safer and more peaceful. Of course, this is just a delusion. Each historical period boasts a whole host of strange social habits, traditions and beliefs. Some of them are really useful by the standards of that time, but for us they may still seem like absolute wildness.
In our selection of 26 of the craziest photos of the strangeness of the past.

Patricia O'Keefe, a young bodybuilder weighing 30 kilograms, carries a 90-kilogram man on his back. 1940 year.


In 1973, driving was banned in Amsterdam due to the fuel crisis. But a solution was found.


In 1939, in the United States, flour mills began to supply flour in colorful sacks. This was done so that after the poor people could sew themselves clothes from sackcloth.


In the photo - a two-hundred-kilogram perch and fisherman Edward Llewellen, who single-handedly managed to catch this monster. By the way, his record has not been broken to this day.


In 1938, schoolteacher Helen Hulik was sentenced to 5 days in prison for showing up in trousers for a trial. This kind was considered as contempt of the court.


German soldiers photograph a dog in 1940.


1969 Niagara Falls temporarily suspended for "restoration work".


Between 1939 and 1945, British sappers often found these "mini-tanks". They were used by German soldiers to blow up full-size military vehicles from below.


US President Lyndon Johnson loved to impress his guests and ride them in an amphibious car on the lake.


Nothing unusual. Members of the Ku Klux Klan organization ride a Ferris wheel. 1925 year.


An elephant helps load food onto an American plane in 1945.


During the filming of Doctor No, Sean Connery signed a coconut for a little Jamaican fan. ! 962 year.


This is how the system of 5,000 telephone lines in Stockholm looked like in 1890.


Do you want to learn how to swim, but far from water? The solution was invented back in 1920.


Foolish photographs with animals began to be taken back in 1875.


Field, Friday, 1910 (joke - just 1910).


The period from 1941 to 1945.


In 1930, ponies were for girls and weaklings. And all real men rode exclusively on boars.


Macy often hired detectives to prevent theft. In 1948, all the "dummy" workers took a group photo, but did not reveal their identity.


Chariots are cool. Motorcycles are cool too. The South Wales Police decided to combine all this coolness in one vehicle.


The most beautiful legs in 1930 were chosen this way.


1950, a Russian tanker feeds polar bears.


Ann Hodges and her doctor, Moody Jacobs, show the press a bruise on Anne's body, left by a fragment of a meteorite that fell in 1945.


Horrors of war. The soldiers use gas masks to peel onions.


Here are the winners of the Miss Perfect Posture contest at a chiropractors convention in 1956.


Testing a football helmet in 1912

 

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