Questions for testing compressor station operators. Test tasks to test the knowledge of workers by profession: "Compressor" - Document. have practical experience

Operator of compressor installations "4th grade

1. Classification of compressors.

Appointment.The compressor is used to compress, pressurize and move (transport) air or gas. A compressor is the basis of a compressor unit, which, in addition to it, includes auxiliary interstage units, a drive, gas pipelines and various systems (lubrication, cooling and regulation).

Compressors are used in the chemical, metallurgical and mining industries, energy, mechanical engineering, construction, transport and other sectors of the national economy to ensure the technological process of production and for auxiliary purposes.

Classification.Compressors are classified according to purpose, principle of operation, final pressure, supply, method of heat removal, type of drive, type of installation.

By appointmentcompressors are classified depending on the type of production in which they are used (chemical, gas-pumping, general-purpose, etc.), as well as for their immediate purpose (starting air, brake air, pumping, etc.).

By principle of actioncompressors are divided into volumetric and dynamic. The former include reciprocating piston compressors, rotary (vane ) with rotary motion of displacer pistons, screw with variable pitch rotors and diaphragm, in which the membrane plays the role of a piston. Dynamic compressors (turbocompressors) are divided into centrifugal ones with a gas flow directed radially from the center to the periphery, and axial ones with a gas flow moving in the axial direction when the wheel with blades rotates.

By final pressuredistinguish between low pressure compressors that create a gas pressure of 0.2 ... 1.0 MPa (2 ... 10 kgf / cm 2), average -1 ... 10 MPa (10 ... 100 kgf / cm 2), high -10 ... 100 MPa (100 ... 1000 kgf / cm 2) and ultra-high pressure - over 100 MPa (1000 kgf / cm 2).

By filingcompressors are divided into machines with small (up to 0.015 m: 7s), medium (0.015 ... 1,500 m 3 / s) and large (over 1,500 m 3 / s) feed, different for each type of compressor (volumetric or dynamic).

By method of heat removalcompressors are subdivided into machines with cooling (air or water) of the compressor and discharge gas;

by drive type- for compressors with an electric motor, steam or gas turbine, internal combustion engine;

by type of installation- on stationary (on a foundation or special supports) and mobile (on a chassis or frame). 2. Design and purpose of separators and filters included in compressor units and requirements for them.

Separators (Oil-water separators) are used to clean gas from oil and moisture (in turbochargers - from moisture). The separation occurs with a sharp change in the direction of the gas flow due to the different density of the gas and the drops of oil and moisture contained in it. The direction of the gas flow is changed by installing additional partitions in the cylindrical body, placing the gas inlet and outlet pipes at an angle or making the inlet pipe in the form of an outlet that changes the flow direction (Fig.

2.45. Air intake (suction) by an air compressor should be carried out outside the compressor station at a height of at least 3 m above ground level.

For air compressors with a capacity of up to 10 m 3 / min. With air filters on the machine, it is allowed to take air from the compressor station.

2.46. To clean the intake air from dust, the suction air duct of the compressor is equipped with a filter protected from atmospheric precipitation.

The design of the filtering device should provide safe and convenient access to the filter for cleaning and disassembly.

The filtering device should not deform and vibrate when the compressor is sucking in air.

2.47. Filtering devices can be individual or common to several compressors. In the latter case, for each compressor, it should be possible to disconnect it (in case of repair) from the common suction line.

2.48. For enterprises where high dust content of the intake air is possible, compressor units should be equipped with filters and other special equipment in accordance with the project documentation.

2.49. In compressors equipped with end coolers, moisture-oil separators should be provided on the pipelines between the cooler and the air collector. The combination of an end cooler and a moisture-oil separator in one apparatus is allowed.

2.50. If it is necessary to have deeply dried air, in addition to end coolers, the compressors are equipped with special drying units. Dehumidifiers operating by the method of freezing moisture using refrigeration units must be located in rooms isolated from the compressor unit.

Dehumidification units operating on the method of moisture absorption by solid sorbents and using non-toxic and non-explosive refrigerants can be located in the machine room of the compressor unit.

3. Preparation for starting, starting and stopping the reciprocating compressor.

Preparing the compressor for start-up

To prepare the compressor for start-up, the following measures must be taken:

- make an external inspection of the equipment, make sure that there are no foreign objects in the compressor service area, that the compressor is complete with thermometers and manometers;

- check the reliability of tightening the fastening of the moving parts of the coupling halves, anchor bolts;

- check the level and quality of oil in the circulating lubrication oil tank and lubricators for lubricating cylinders and oil seals; the oil level should not be lower than the middle of the indicator glass, if necessary add oil;

- check the cleanliness of the filter mesh of the oil tank, the circulating lubrication system;

- clean the filter of the circulating lubrication unit with scrapers;

- check the closure of the shut-off valve on the bypass pipes of the oil cooler;

- check the position of the three-way valve on the circulating lubrication pipeline - the valve must connect the pump pressure connection with the coarse filter;

- turn on the electric motors of the pumps for circulating lubrication and lubrication of cylinders and oil seals;

- check the oil supply to all points of the lubrication supply of the cylinders and oil seals, using the oil check valves;

- check the opening of the stop valves at all lubrication points, oil pressure for lubricating the movement mechanism;

- using the barring mechanism, turn the compressor shaft 3-4 turns to better distribute oil over rubbing surfaces and check that there are no foreign objects in the compressor

- turn off the barring mechanism by placing the handle in the "off" position and turn on the electric motor of the barring mechanism;

- turn on the instrumentation and automation systems;

- open the valves on the water inlet and outlet to the compressor;

- check the water supply to the compressor cooling points using test valves;

- open the shut-off valves installed on the return water pipelines near the bypass cooler;

- check the opening of the valves on the manometers;

- close the shut-off valves, the electric valve on the gas discharge line to the spark plug, purge valves on the purge manifold (valves on the low pressure nitrogen purge pipeline must be closed and muted with passport plugs);

- open the shut-off valves on the TsVSG pipelines near the bypass cooler, the shut-off valves on the discharge and intake manifolds must be closed;

- switch on the compressor motor blowing system.

If it is necessary to purge the compressor unit system after carrying out any type of repair, perform the following measures:

- open the shut-off valves, the electric valve on the gas discharge line to the spark plug;

- remove the plugs and open the valves on the low pressure nitrogen supply line for purging;

- close the shut-off valves in the bypass pipeline between the intake and discharge headers;

- blow through the buffer tanks for the intake and discharge of the compressor;

- close the shut-off valves, the electric valve on the gas discharge line to the spark plug, purge valves on the purge manifold;

- open the shut-off valves on the bypass pipeline between the intake and discharge manifolds;

- close the valves and install plugs on the low pressure nitrogen supply line for purging.

The compressor is started in the following sequence:

- open the shut-off valves and the electric valve on the intake manifold;

- displace nitrogen from the system of the compressor unit with the working medium into the atmosphere through a candle, purge the intake and discharge manifolds, and the compressor discharge buffer tanks;

- close the shut-off valves, the electric valve on the gas discharge line to the spark plug;

- if there is a start-up permit, turn on the main compressor motor; within 5 ... 10 minutes circulate the working medium through the bypass line, check the oil supply to all points of the compressor lubrication system, serviceability of the movement mechanism and intake and discharge valves.

- open the shut-off valves located on the compressor discharge manifold, smoothly reducing the flow area of \u200b\u200bthe shut-off valves on the compressor bypass line, circulate the working medium through the bypass cooler, close the shutoff valves on the compressor bypass line;

- gradually set the required flow rate of the working medium into the system of the reactor block, smoothly reducing the size of the flow area of \u200b\u200bthe shut-off valves on the supply line of the working medium to the bypass cooler;

- inspect the operating compressor, delivery and intake manifolds;

- after starting the compressor, make an entry in the rotational log about the starting time and the technical condition of the compressor.

Stopping the compressor

The compressor is stopped in the following sequence:

Slowly open the shut-off valves on the compressor bypass line while simultaneously closing the shut-off valves located on the compressor discharge manifold.

Close the shut-off valves located on the compressor intake manifold.

Stop the main compressor motor. After a complete stop of the compressor, it is necessary to stop the blower of the main electric motor, the unit for lubricating cylinders and oil seals, and the unit for circulating lubrication.

Open the shut-off valves, the electric valve on the gas discharge line to the spark plug.

5 ... 10 minutes after the compressor stops, it is necessary to stop the supply of circulating water to the compressor oil cooler. Record the time and reason for the compressor stop in the logbook. After stopping the compressor, make a record of the time and reason for stopping the compressor and its technical condition.

4. The system of scheduled preventive maintenance of equipment, its essence and goals.

The PPR system is a set of organizational and technical measures for the supervision, maintenance and repair of equipment carried out according to a pre-drawn up plan and contributing to an increase in its durability with optimal operating parameters, prevention of accidents, an increase in the culture of operation and the level of organization of repairs.

The PPR provision provides for the following types of repair and overhaul maintenance:

overhaul service

maintenance

medium repair

major overhaul.

Maintenance is a complex of works on monitoring the technical condition of equipment, timely warning, manifestation of a malfunction, replacement of quickly wearing parts, which entails _ minor disassembly of the equipment. At the same time, the volume is specified

preparatory work for current, medium, and major repairs. For the period of maintenance, the equipment is turned off from the technological cycle (stopped). At the same time, only such equipment malfunctions are identified and immediately eliminated, in the presence of which it cannot be normally operated until the next repair. Maintenance is carried out by repair personnel under the guidance of a repair service mechanic

5. Causes of fires during the operation of compressor installations and fire prevention measures.

At oil and gas processing plants, where large quantities of flammable gases and liquids are processed and stored, fire-fighting measures are organically linked to the technological process itself. In factories, fires can occur as a result of various organizational and technical deficiencies, for example:

deviations from the established operating mode of the installation (temperature, pressure) and irregular preventive inspection of equipment;

non-compliance with fire safety requirements when placing and arranging the equipment of the installation;

non-compliance with the fire safety rules established for this installation.

All fire safety measures can be divided into two groups - fire prevention (prophylaxis) and elimination of an already existing fire.

Fire prevention is a complex of measures aimed at preventing fires and limiting their size.

Elimination of the causes of fires is achieved by the correct choice and arrangement of technological and auxiliary equipment. Limiting the spread of fire is carried out: by measures of design and construction order, including proper planning and placement of buildings and equipment; the use of structures and materials that meet the requirements of fire regulations; the device of fire zones and embankments.

Measures are provided to ensure the evacuation of people and property in case of fire. These include: arrangement of the required number of stairs, doors, passages both on the territory of the installations and in the premises; placement of devices in compliance with the required width of the passage or passage between them; emergency lighting device and others.

Preventive measures also include those that ensure the successful extinguishing of a fire in the event of a fire.

For example, the device of roads for free access byroasting machines to buildings; communication with the fire brigade; providing the enterprise in sufficient quantities with the necessary fire extinguishing means (fire extinguishers, water, sand, etc.).

An important role in ensuring fire safety is assigned to the heads of shops, installations, and foremen. Being responsible for fire safety in their area, they are obliged to develop, together with the fire protection authorities, fire safety instructions, train their subordinate personnel on measures to be taken in the event of a fire, as well as the rules for using fire extinguishing agents.

Examination tickets are drawn up according to the requirements of the professional standard at the request of the qualification requirements for professions and the professional training standard

Order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation of September 9, 2015 N 619n "On the approval of the professional standard" Worker for the operation of compressor units of a thermal power plant "

Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia of December 21, 2015 N 1070n (as amended on 03/17/2016) "On the approval of the professional standard" Maintenance worker for pumping or compressor installations of the engineering infrastructure of housing and communal services (in water and heat supply systems) "

Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 08/02/2013 N 917 (as amended on 03/25/2015) "On approval of the federal state educational standard for secondary vocational education by profession 240101.02 Technological pumps and compressors operator"

The requirement of the professional standard (Order of the Ministry of Education and Science of Russia of 08/02/2013 N 917)

PM.01 Maintenance and repair of process compressors, pumps, compressor and pumping units, equipment for gas dehydration

have practical experience:

maintenance and repair;

performing locksmith work;

ensuring safe working conditions;

be able to:

follow the rules of maintenance of pumps, compressors, gas dehydration equipment;

prepare equipment for repair;

repair equipment and installations;

comply with fire and electrical safety rules;

prevent and eliminate malfunctions in the operation of pumps, compressors, gas drying equipment;

monitor the waste generated during the production of products, wastewater, air emissions, methods of disposal and processing;

fulfill the requirements of labor protection, industrial and fire safety during the repair of equipment and installations;

assess the state of safety and environmental protection at gas dehydration plants, pumping and compressor plants;

draw up technical documentation;

know:

device and principle of operation of equipment and communications;

maintenance rules;

layouts of pipelines of the workshop and inter-workshop communications;

rules and instructions for the production of hot and gas hazardous work;

rules for maintaining technical documentation;

technology for draining and pumping liquids, gas drying;

rules for preparing for the repair and repair of equipment, installations;

pipelines and pipeline fittings;

ways to prevent and eliminate malfunctions in the operation of pumps, compressors, gas dehydrators;

labor safety rules during repair

PM.02 Operation of process compressors, pumps, compressor and pumping units, equipment for gas dehydration

As a result of studying the professional module, the student must:

have practical experience:

conducting the process of transportation of liquids and gases in accordance with the established regime;

regulation of the parameters of the process of transportation of liquids and gases in the serviced area;

gas dehydration process; regulation of the technological regime of gas drying;

operation of electrical equipment;

ensuring the safe operation of production;

be able to:

ensure compliance with the parameters of the technological process;

operate equipment for transportation of liquid, gas and gas dehydration;

monitor the consumption of transported products according to instrumentation readings;

take samples for analysis; to carry out filling, packing and transportation of products to the warehouse;

keep records of the consumption of products, used and fuel and lubricants, energy resources;

maintain reporting and technical documentation;

comply with labor protection, industrial and fire safety requirements;

comply with environmental safety rules;

know:

basic laws of technology for transportation of liquid, gas;

basic laws of gas dehydration technology;

technological parameters of processes, rules for their measurement;

purpose, device and principle of operation of automation equipment;

schemes of pumping and compressor units, rules for their use;

gas dehydration plant diagrams;

industrial ecology;

basics of industrial and fire safety;

labor protection;

metrological control;

sampling rules and methods;

possible violations of the regime, causes and remedies, warning;

maintenance of reporting and technical documentation on the operation of equipment and installations MDK.02.01. Operation of equipment for transportation of gas, liquids and gas drying OK 1

Topics:

Topic 1. General requirements for compressor units and pipelines

Topic 2. Monitoring system, control and emergency automatic protection of compressor units

Topic 3. Operation of electrical equipment of thermal power plants

Topic 4. Maintenance and repair of compressor units

Regulatory and technical literature:

PB 03-581-03 "Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Stationary Compressor Units, Air Ducts and Gas Pipelines"

PB 03-582-03 "Rules for the Design and Safe Operation of Compressor Units with Reciprocating Compressors Operating on Explosive and Harmful Gases"

EXAMINATION TICKETS
FOR CERTIFICATION OF WORKERS BY PROFESSION
"COMPRESSOR UNIT ENGINEER"
Ticket number 1
1. Compressors, classification.

2. The concept of bypass lines.

3. Fuel economy of compressors working with drives.

4. Types of plumbing work and their purpose.

5. General safety requirements for the placement of compressor units in the premises.

Ticket number 2
l. Classification of reciprocating compressor units.

2. Insulation of pipelines, its purpose, types of insulation.

3. Compressor water management. Cooling towers and pools for water cooling, their devices and principle of operation. Filters for water purification.

4. Working tool of the compressor unit operator, appointment and care.

5. Basic safety requirements when installing compressors.

Ticket number 3
1. The principle of operation of reciprocating compressor units.

2. Concept of pipeline corrosion, anti-corrosion measures.

3. Compressor steam facilities. Schematic diagram of steam supply for turbine driven compressors.

4. Control and measuring tool of the compressor unit operator, appointment and care.

5. Basic requirements for the safe operation of control and measuring instruments and equipment.

Ticket number 4
1. Schematic diagram of the compressor.

2. Pipeline equipment, its purpose and marking.

3. Hoisting-and-transport devices of compressor installations.

4. The concept of the technological process.

5. Basic safety requirements for cooling compressor units.

Ticket number 5
1. The theoretical compression process for a single-stage compressor.

2. Rules and places of installation of valves.

3. Basic rules for operating a compressor.

4. Technology of locksmith processing of parts.

5. Basic safety requirements for the lubrication of compressors.

Ticket number 6
1. Multi-stage compression.

2. Design and principle of operation of taps, gates, gate valves, check and safety valves.

3. The main possible malfunctions during the start-up and operation of the compressor, their cause and solutions.

4. Basic operations of the technological process of locksmith processing of parts.

5. Basic safety requirements for air intake and cleaning by a compressor.

Ticket number 7
1. Compressor performance. Compressor efficiency

2. The concept of valves with electric, hydraulic and pneumatic drive.

3. The concept of diagnostics and maintainability of the compressor unit.

4. The concept of size deviations and tolerances of parts

5. Basic safety requirements for moisture separators and air collectors.

Ticket number 8
1. Methods for regulating the performance of reciprocating compressors.

2. Testing of mounted pipelines for strength and density.

3. Procedure for assigning maintenance and repairs to the compressor unit.

4. Types of measuring and testing tools, device and rules of use.

5. Basic requirements of instructions for safe maintenance of compressor units.

Ticket number 9
1. Automatic regulation of compressor capacity.

2. Types of compressor units drives. Selection of drives.

3. Planned preventive repairs, their characteristics and timing.

4. Compressor preparation for work.

5. List the cases requiring immediate compressor shutdown.

Ticket number 10
1. Lubrication systems for reciprocating compressors.

2. Electric drive of compressors. Types of electric motors.

3. Methods for detecting malfunctions and defects in machines and apparatus.

4. Sequence, methods of disassembling compressors.

5. Causes of fire at the compressor plant.

Ticket number 11

1. The use of oil for lubricating compressors, their main characteristics.

2. Internal combustion engines used for compressor drives.

3. Sequence, methods of disassembling compressors.

4. Flexible, purpose. Cold and hot bending. Calculation of the workpiece for bending.

5. Occupational diseases and their main causes. Prevention of occupational diseases.

Ticket number 12
1. Oil pumps, their device.

2. Compressor drive from steam and gas turbines.

3. Methods for flushing and cleaning parts. Branding of parts.

4. Cutting, purpose and application of manual cutting. The angle of sharpening of the working part of the chisel of the bottom of steel, cast iron and non-ferrous metals.

5. Medical and sanitary services for workers at the enterprise.

Before testing, cavities, as well as pipelines through which air enters the cylinders, must be purged.

Air compressor units (compressors) are tested under load at operating pressure. Exceeding the operating pressure during testing is not allowed. It is necessary to load the compressors in several stages, gradually increasing the pressure. The degree of pressure increase and the operating time of the compressor at this pressure are indicated in the manufacturer's instructions. In all modes, it is necessary to carefully monitor the operation of valves, oil seals, rods. During the tests, the pressure and temperature of the air in stages, the pressure and water supply to all places provided for by the design of the compressor installation equipment, should be checked continuously, the operation of the circulation lubrication system, the temperature of the main bearings and other rubbing surfaces of the crank mechanism, the temperature in the windings of the electric motor, tightness of pipelines.

Duration of continuous load test of compressor units with horizontal compressors - 48 hours, with vertical compressors - 24 hours. During testing, the running-in of rubbing joints is checked:

1) in horizontal compressors:

Opening of main and connecting rod bearings for inspection and running-in of liners;

Checking the running-in of pistons on cylinders;

2) in piston, angle V-type compressors:

Removing the cylinder valves for cleaning and checking the running-in of the plates;

Checking the running-in of pistons in the cylinders.

The final proof test of compressor units under load is carried out at the operating discharge pressure. The duration of the load test of compressor units with reciprocating horizontal compressors is 8 hours, with vertical and angular compressors - 8 hours.

After the end of the test, an act is drawn up.

4. For which compressor units it is allowed to take air from the premises.

For air compressors with a capacity of up to 10 m 3 / min, with air filters on the machine, it is allowed to take air from the compressor station.

See the answer ticket number 2, question. five.

Ticket number 10

1. Compressors, their types, purposes.

Compressor - a machine for increasing the pressure and movement of gas. Compressor installation - a set of compressor, drive, apparatus, pipelines and equipment necessary for the implementation of pressure increase and gas movement.

Compressors are used in power engineering, mechanical engineering, construction, chemical, metallurgical and mining industries, ships, pneumatic transport, aviation, etc.

The variety of compressor applications in terms of pressure, capacity, compressible media, environmental conditions in which the compressor operates, has led to a wide variety of designs and types of these machines.

General purpose reciprocating air compressors should be of the following types:

VU - headless with V-shaped arrangement of cylinders;

VP - crosshead with rectangular arrangement of cylinders (types P and PB);

VM - cross-head with horizontal opposed cylinders

Compressors with a rectangular cylinder of the VP type are manufactured with water cooling. The compressor designation characterizes its main parameters. For example,

302VP-10/8 means that this is a compressor of the third modification (3) with lubrication of cylinders and oil seals (0), with a piston force of the base 19.6 kN (2 tf), type VP - crosshead with rectangular cylinders. mean: the numerator is the compressor capacity of 10 m 3 / min, the denominator is the final overpressure of compression 0.8 MPa (8 kgf / cm 2).

The piston compressor of the 302VP-10/8 type is equipped with a protective automatics and has a two-position flow control.

2. Schemes of pipelines of the compressor station.

In addition to the air lines, the compressor station has

pipelines necessary for the operation of the compressor unit, through which water is transported, intended for cooling the cylinder jackets, as well as for cooling the compressed air in auxiliary equipment (refrigerators, oil and moisture separators), as well as pipelines (oil pipelines) through which oil is transported for lubricating the equipment of the compressor unit ...

3. Compressor performance.

Distinguish between volumetric productivity V - volumetric gas flow rate at the outlet of the compressor unit (m 3 / s, m 3 / min, m 3 / h) and M - mass productivity (kg / s, kg / s, kg / min, kg / h ) Is the mass flow rate of gas at the outlet of the compressor unit. Volumetric and mass productivity are related by the ratio M \u003d Vxr, where

р - gas density at temperature and pressure at the points of performance measurement.

The capacity measured at the outlet of the compressor unit is variable, since it depends on the temperature and pressure of the discharge gas, which, in turn, due to fluctuations, for example, the temperature of the cooling water and variable discharge pressure, are also variable. compressor can serve as a characteristic of the compressor only at the given parameters of the measured gas (temperature, pressure).

The characteristic of the compressor unit is the capacity (flow) of the compressor, measured at the outlet of the compressor unit and recalculated for the suction conditions V sun. This capacity is called the actual volumetric capacity, and it is a value that is practically constant under all suction conditions. Suction layers are characterized by temperature, pressure, gas humidity ..

Volumetric capacity and actual volumetric capacity are related to each other by the ratio Vs \u003d RT vs / R vs TxV

where P sun and T sun - pressure and temperature of the suction gas; Р and Т - pressure and temperature of gas at the outlet of the compressor unit at the point of measurement.

Due to gas leaks through the leaks of the piston rings and the 1st stage suction valve, the effect of the dead volume in which the compressed gas remains and which, when expanding, reduces the suction volume, gas heating at suction and the pressure drop in the cylinder as a result of throttling losses in the suction valves, the volume issued by the cylinder gas is less than the volume of its working cavity. The ratio of the actual productivity

V sun to the volume described by the 1st stage piston per unit of time V p is called the productivity coefficient.

4. At what height is the air intake of the air compressor outside the room.

Air intake (suction) by an air compressor should be carried out outside the compressor station at a height of at least 3 m above ground level.

See answer ticket number 3, question. five.

Ticket number 11

Cylinders.Cylinder designs depend on pressure, capacity, compressor layout and purpose, cooling method and cylinder material.

Gray cast iron is used as a material, since it has sufficient strength and high antifriction properties. In most cases, gray cast iron grade SCh21 is used. For machines operating at high pressures, stronger gray cast irons SCH24, SCH28, SCH32 are used, as well as alloyed cast irons; cylinders are also filled with forged carbon steel or alloy steel.

Cylinders are made with air or water-cooled walls. Air-cooled cylinders have annular or longitudinal ribs on the outer surface. These cylinders are easy to manufacture and operate, they are used mainly in machines of low productivity.

The cylinders of medium and large-capacity compressors, which, in addition to the working cavity, have a water jacket, valve boxes and channels connecting them to the suction and discharge nozzles, are complex multi-layer castings. The front (facing the frame) end wall of the valve box of double-acting cylinders is sometimes cast together with body, but it is advisable to make it in the form of a volumetric lid.

The cylinders must be stiff, their deformation increases the wear of the working surface of the cylinder bore, piston and piston rings and makes it necessary to increase the clearance between the piston and the cylinder.

Piston - a moving part of the machine that tightly overlaps the cross-section of the cylinder and moves in the direction of its axis. Compressors use trunk, disk and differential pistons.

Purpose of the piston - suction, compression and expulsion of gas from the cylinder. The developed cylindrical surface of the piston consists of two parts: an upper belt with compression rings located on it and a lower belt with oil scraper rings.

The piston is connected to the connecting rod by means of a piston pin.

Trumpet pistons are used in cross-head compressors, they are pivotally connected to the connecting rod using a piston pin. At the first stages of the compressor, aluminum is used, and at the second, in order to balance the reciprocating moving parts, cast iron pistons.

To reduce their mass, piston pins are made tubular with straight cylindrical or tapered inner surfaces. The ends of the pin are installed in the trunk piston boss, the middle part of the pin is covered by the bearing of the upper connecting rod head.

Disc pistons are used in crosshead compressors. In order to balance the forces of inertia of the reciprocating moving parts, pistons of low pressure stages are often made welded from steel or cast from aluminum alloys, and higher stages are made cast from cast iron and solid. To increase rigidity and strength disc pistons are provided with radial ribs.

Differential pistons are used when cylinders of different pressures are located in one row, for example, a higher pressure cylinder is located on a low-pressure cylinder.

Piston ringsdesigned to seal the gap between the surfaces of the cylinder and the piston, as well as to remove heat from the piston to the cylinder walls.To ensure the tightness of the piston, the ring is made split so that it is tightly pressed against the inner surface of the cylinder, and its free diameter is slightly larger than the cylinder diameter. The operating ring is pressed by the outer sealing surface against the cylinder mirror by gas pressure and ring elastic forces.

Rings are usually made of rectangular cross-section. The cut of the ring, the so-called lock, can be straight, oblique, or stepped (overlapping).

The most widespread are piston rings made of cast iron. At high pressures in the cylinder, steel and bronze rings, combined of cast iron and bronze, cast iron with antifriction packings in the grooves on the rings, textolite rings, nylon rings, chrome-plated steel and cast iron, etc. are used.

To dump excess oil from the cylinder wall in crosshead compressors, oil scraper rings of various designs are used. When the piston moves towards the shaft, the sharp lower edge of the rings removes oil from the wall and through the holes in the piston leads the oil into the crankcase.

Stuffing box (stuffing box seal) -a machine part that seals the gap between the movable and stationary parts of the machine (for example, between the rod and the cylinder cover). There are glands with forced sealing and self-sealing. The first ones are made with soft or semi-soft packing.

The material for the manufacture of soft packings is a mixture of equal proportions of finely crushed babbitt shavings and wood sawdust boiled in oil. The mixture is placed in cloth covers and pressed into round packing rings of square cross-section. Soft semi-metallic packings do not require lubrication and are characterized by high antifriction properties. In addition, they are compact and easy to manufacture, but the disadvantage is the need for constant monitoring of the oil seal and periodic tightening.

Semi-soft packing consists of one-piece metal o-rings made of plastic antifriction material and steel o-rings between the o-rings. O-rings are triangular, steel o-rings are triangular or diamond-shaped for better stem compression.

Valve - a gas flow control mechanism. In reciprocating compressors, various types and designs of self-acting valves are used: ring, strip, direct-flow, etc. Valves are called self-acting because they open and close automatically: they open from the pressure difference before and after the valve, and close under the action springs (in strip and direct-flow valves, the plate itself plays the role of springs). Suction and discharge valves are installed on each compressor cylinder, the basic structure of which is the same.

The ring valve consists of a seat, a rosette, between which ring plates are placed, pressed against the seat by springs. To reduce the impact of the plate on the rosette (when

valve opening), a damper plate is placed. The seat and socket are assembled with a stud and nut.

Band valves are made with self-springing plates, which are in the form of rectangular strips. In the free state, they adjoin the seat, but under gas pressure they bend along an arc of grooves in the lift stop. As soon as the pressure before and behind the plate is equalized, the plate straightens and closes the hole in the seat Rectangular cutouts in the guides form the seat for the plates.

Strip valves consist of a set of cells located in one or more rows.

Straight-through valves, like strip valves, are self-springing. They are assembled from the elements: a saddle and an elastic plate adjoining it. The saddle has cells on the working surface, which are separated by bridges and serve as flow channels. On the back side of the saddle there is a wide recess - a niche with a wedge-shaped bevel where the plate is bent when the valve is opened.

Due to the direct gas flow, the rational shape of the flow channels, the flow area of \u200b\u200bthe direct-flow valves is 2 - 2.5 times larger than that of the annular valves of the same size, which gives a 4 - 6-fold reduction in energy losses.

Frame, crankcase and crankcaseThese are the main bearing parts of the compressor, they contain a crank-crank mechanism, the forces from the operation of which they perceive.

A frame with one bearing is called bayonet, with two - fork. The frames of opposed compressors are made in the form of box-shaped cast iron with beds for the main bearings.

Crankcases of crosshead compressors work under pressure. Crankcase tightness improves with a decrease in the number of connectors, so the cylinders were made in the same casting as the crankcase - the block crankcase.

The frame, block crankcase and crankcase are cast, they must be rigid, durable and easy to mount the cylinders and compressor auxiliary units.

Connecting rodthe crosshead compressor connects the crankshaft to the crosshead, the crosshead compressor connects directly to the piston (through the piston pin). Forged from steel.

The crank head of the connecting rod is split. The bearing of the crank head is called crank bearing.

The crank bearing has cast-iron bushings filled with B-83 babbit. The split connecting rod head is pulled together by connecting rod bolts.

In the plane of the connector of the crank bearing shells, spacers are placed; adjusting their thickness, you can change the size of the harmful space.

Bronze bushings are pressed into the upper heads of the connecting rods, to which forced lubrication is supplied.

Crankshaft (or main) shaftOne of the most critical and time-consuming parts of the compressor. The crankshaft through the main bearings transfers the forces from the moving parts of the compressor to the frame. Connecting rods are attached to the crankshaft journals. Using the crankshaft, the knees of which together with the connecting rods form a connecting rod-crank mechanism, the rotational motion of the engine is converted into a reciprocating motion of the pistons.

Crankshafts are forged or stamped from metal cska, then grinded and ground on machines.

The forces of inertia of the moving masses of the compressor partially counterbalance the counterweights attached to the crankshaft cheeks.

Flywheel. Regulates the operation of the engine, storing energy at the moments when the piston is in the middle position and giving it away when the piston approaches the extreme positions (dead points). Flywheels of large horizontal compressors are made as one piece with the rotor of a synchronous electric motor.

Flywheels of vertical compressors with V-belt transmission from the engine to the compressor serve at the same time as drive pulleys. When using V-belts, the corresponding grooves are machined in the flywheels.

Crosshead, or slider.Connects a straight-line moving rod with a connecting rod performing a complex movement.

The piston rod is attached through a steel pin to the slider and has special nuts to regulate the harmful space.

2. Designation of pipelines of compressor units.

See answer ticket # 10, question 2.

3. Design and purpose of heat exchangers.

Gasketed plate heat exchangers are designed for heat exchange between different liquids, as well as between liquid and steam. They are used as refrigerators, heaters, condensers in various industries.

They are designed to operate at overpressure up to 10 kgf / cm 2 (1,0 MPa) and the temperature of the working environment from -30 to + 180 °.

Heat exchangers are assembled from unified prefabricated units and parts and can have a heat exchange surface from 3 to 800 m 2.

The device consists of thin stamped stainless steel plates with a corrugated surface recruited onto a cantilever frame.

The frame consists of a fixed plate with fixed pressure plate rods and tie bolts.

The plates are assembled on the frame so that one relative to the other is turned 180 °, and the rubber gaskets are turned towards the pressure plate.

The void between adjacent plates is a channel for the passage of the coolant; a group of plates forming a system of channels in which the working medium moves in only one direction makes up a package.

One or more packages sandwiched between the fixed and the pressure plate are called a section. At the corners of the plates there are holes that form distribution manifolds for the coolant in the assembled section. The plates are sealed with each other along the sealing groove with a rubber gasket.

A hot coolant moves along the slotted channels from the corresponding collectors on one side of each plate, and a cold one along the other. Heat carriers move in counterflow.

Due to the corrugated surface of the plates, the fluid flow swirls strongly. Enhanced turbulization and a thin layer of fluid make it possible to obtain a high heat transfer coefficient with relatively small hydraulic resistances.

When various contaminants appear on the surface of the plates, the device can be easily and quickly disassembled, cleaned and put back into operation.

Intermediate and end coolers. In refrigerators, compressed air is cooled, which heats up when it is compressed in the compressor cylinders. Depending on the performance of the compressor, shell-and-tube refrigerators and "pipe-in-pipe" refrigerators are used.

Floating head shell and tube cooler consists of a bundle of tubes, expanded in tube sheets, one of which is rigidly fixed in a common body, the other, equipped with a head, is movable, floating.

Compressed air enters from the compressor into the tube space of the refrigerator, where it is cooled by water passing through the tubes.

Water and compressed air in the refrigerator move according to the counterflow principle. In the lower part of the refrigerator, there is a purge connection from the accumulated oil and condensate.

Refrigerator type "pipe in pipe" is used for pressures over 35 kgf / cm 2. Compressed air passes through the inner pipes; cooling water flows through the annular channel formed by the pipes towards the compressed air.

Refrigerators of the PRT type have been used in compressor units, which, during their operation, provide better cooling of compressed air, they are convenient for their maintenance

4. Timing of testing safety valves at a pressure of over 12 kgf / cm 2.

The timing of testing safety valves operating at a pressure of over 12 kgf / cm 2 is established by the technological regulations and operational documentation. After closing, the valves must remain tight.

See answer ticket No. 1, question 5.

Ticket number 12

1.The design of the internal combustion engine used to drive the compressor.

Reciprocating internal combustion engines have the following main components and systems:

- engine skeleton, which perceives all dynamic forces during engine operation. It includes fixed parts: base frame with frame bearings, bed, parallel, cylinders, cylinder covers;

- crank mechanism, converting the reciprocating movement of the piston into the rotational movement of the crankshaft. The main parts are the piston, rod, crosshead (crosshead), connecting rod and crankshaft.

- gas distribution mechanism (gas distribution bodies and drive), which releases combustion products from the cylinder and intake of a fresh charge of air (in diesel engines) or a combustible mixture (in carburetor engines);

- fuel supply systemdesigned for the preparation and supply of fuel to the engine cylinders. The system consists of tanks for storing fuel, devices for its purification and fuel equipment - pumps, nozzles (diesel engines), carburetor (carburetor engines);

- ignition systemproviding forced ignition of the combustible mixture in the engine cylinders in carburetor ICEs;

- cooling system to remove heat from engine parts. It consists of water pumps, filters, refrigerators and pipelines;

- lubrication system, which provides the supply of lubricants to the rubbing parts; it includes containers and devices for storing, cleaning, cooling and supplying lubricant;

- control system, designed for starting, stopping, changing the crankshaft rotational speed. The system includes special mechanisms and instrumentation.

Internal combustion engines, depending on the main features, are distinguished:

By the way of carrying out the working cycle - four-stroke and two-stroke;

By the mode of action - a simple action, in which the working cycle is performed only in the upper cavity of the cylinder (Fig. 7, a), double action, when the working cycle is performed alternately in two cavities of the cylinder - the upper (above the piston) and the lower (under the piston)

(Fig. 7, b), and two-stroke with oppositely moving pistons (essentially two single-acting engines with a common combustion chamber) (Fig. 7, c);

By the method of filling the working cylinder - without pressurization (Fig. 8, a), when the suction of the combustible mixture or air is carried out by a piston (four-stroke), or when the cylinder is filled with low-pressure purge air (two-stroke), and with pressurization (Fig. 8, b) when air is supplied to the cylinder under excess pressure p to the charge compressor k;

By the method of mixture formation - with internal mixture formation, i.e. air and fuel enter the engine cylinder separately and the process of formation of the working mixture occurs inside the cylinder (all diesel engines are included; and with external mixture formation, when air and fuel are pre-mixed in the carburetor, and then the working mixture enters the cylinder. This group includes carburetor and gas engines .;

By the method of ignition of the working mixture - with self-ignition of the fuel (due to the high temperature obtained at the end of the compression process of the air charge) and with forced ignition, when the ignition of the working mixture occurs from an electric spark (carburetor and gas engines));

According to the method of the combustion process - with combustion at a constant volume; (all carburetor and gas engines) and at constant pressure (compressor diesel engines with air atomization of fuel), and with mixed combustion, when part of the fuel burns by isochore, and part by isobar (compressorless diesel engines);

By design, they are trunk-type, in which the lateral force from the connecting rod is perceived by the piston (Fig. 7, a); crosshead, when the piston with the connecting rod is connected through the rod and the crosshead (crosshead), and the lateral forces are perceived by the sliders and transmitted in parallel (Fig. 7 , b);

According to the arrangement of the cylinders - single-row, double-row, vertical, horizontal, V-shaped, W-shaped, X-shaped, star-shaped;

2. Emergency stop of the compressor.

See answer ticket No. 5, issue 4.

3. Basic safety requirements for the operation of the compressor unit.

See answer ticket No. 7, question 4.

4. Measures to be performed before starting work inside the vessel.

Before starting work inside a vessel connected to other working vessels by a common pipeline, the vessel must be separated from them with plugs or disconnected. Disconnected pipelines must be plugged.

Plugs installed between flanges must be of adequate strength and have a protruding part (shank), which determines the presence of a plug.

Delivery of oil to the engine room should be carried out in special vessels for each type of oil (buckets and cans with lids, etc.).

It is not allowed to use for other purposes the vessels provided for the transportation and storage of compressor oil. The vessels should be kept clean and periodically cleaned of sediments.

The used oil should be drained into a container outside the compressor room.

Filling oil into lubrication devices should be done through funnels with

filters.

Ticket number 13

1.Oil pumps, their device.

Gear pump type Ш-40 is designed for pumping liquids with lubricating ability, without abrasive impurities, with a kinematic viscosity of 0.2 to 15 cm2 / s at temperatures up to 80 ° C.

According to the principle of operation, the gear pump is a positive displacement pump.

The pump consists of: a working mechanism, a body with covers, a mechanical seal and a safety valve.

The working mechanism consists of two rotors: a master and a slave.

The driving rotor consists of a shaft, on which two gears with bevel teeth are installed with an interference fit.

One gear is left-handed and the other is right-handed. The gears are mounted to form one gear with a chevron tooth.

The driven rotor has on its shaft the same gears as the driving rotor, but one gear is fixed rigidly, the other loosely. This setting of the gear allows it to self-align itself during pump operation with respect to the teeth of the driving gear to compensate for the inaccuracy of the installation of the gears on the shaft of the driving rotor. the rotor receives through a gear from the driving rotor. The rotors are installed in special bores of the housing.

From the ends, the body is closed with back and front covers.

The pump drive shaft seal is a single end seal located in the front cover. It consists of a thrust bearing, a heel, an oil seal spring, a ring, a thrust ring and a ring. The thrust bearing is locked by a pin from turning.

A safety valve protects the pump against overpressure.

When the rotors rotate, a vacuum is created on the suction side, as a result of which the liquid under atmospheric pressure fills the interdental cavities and moves into them from the suction cavity to the discharge cavity.

2. Methods of flushing and cleaning parts. Branding, marking during disassembly.

See the answer ticket number 8, question 3.

3. Acceptance of the compressor from repair. Running in, testing.

See answer ticket number 9, question 3

4. Occupational diseases and their main causes. Prevention of occupational diseases.

Hearing loss and loss of performance by the compressor installation personnel is an occupational disease.

5. Duties of the compressor operator before starting work.

See answer ticket No. 1, question 5.

Ticket number 14

1. Design and purpose of the main parts and components of the compressor.

See answer ticket number 11, question. 1

2. Measures to ensure trouble-free operation of the compressor equipment.

To ensure trouble-free, safe operation of compressor units, the correct organization of maintenance and routine repair of equipment, the most appropriate is the system of scheduled preventive maintenance (PPR). This system provides a set of measures to ensure the operability of all units during operation (daily maintenance, inspection, lubrication, cleaning, elimination of defects), as well as their timely scheduled shutdown for maintenance in order to maintain the technical and economic indicators of the compressor unit within acceptable limits.

Based on this, a schedule of inspections and repairs is drawn up. Compressor repair data is entered in the compressor log and in the compressor log.

For each type of compressor, the frequency of inspections and repairs is specified in the Compressor Installation and Operation Manual by the manufacturer.

3. In what cases are pressure gauges not allowed for use?

Pressure gauges are not allowed to be used in cases when:

a) there is no seal or stamp;

b) the period for checking the pressure gauge is overdue;

c) the arrow of the manometer when it is turned off does not return to the zero reading of the scale by an amount exceeding half the permissible error for this manometer;

d) the glass is broken or there is other damage to the pressure gauge, which may affect the correctness of its readings.

4. Training and knowledge testing of the personnel serving the vessels.

The training and knowledge testing of personnel serving the vessels should be carried out in educational institutions, as well as in courses specially created by organizations.

Periodic testing of the knowledge of the personnel serving the vessels should be carried out at least once every 12 months.

An extraordinary test of knowledge is carried out:

When moving to another organization;

In the event of a change in the instructions for the operating mode and safe maintenance of the vessel;

At the request of the inspector of Rostechnadzor.

In case of a break in work in the specialty for more than 12 months, the personnel, after testing their knowledge, must undergo an internship before being admitted to independent work to restore practical skills.

The results of checking the knowledge of the service personnel are drawn up in a protocol signed by the chairman and members of the commission with a mark in the certificate.

The admission of personnel to self-service of vessels is formalized by an order for the organization or an order for the shop.

5. Duties of the compressor operator during operation.

See the answer ticket number 2, question. five.

Ticket number 15

1. Compressor station equipment.

The compressor station includes: a compressor, its drive (electric motor), auxiliary equipment (filters, intermediate and end coolers, moisture-oil separator, air collector), as well as pipelines necessary for supplying compressed air through them to consumers, water for cooling the jackets of compressor cylinders, cooling compressed air in refrigerators.

2. What is the purpose and principle of operation of a reciprocating compressor?

The compressor is designed to increase the pressure and move the gas.

The compressor consists of a cylinder 4, in which the piston 5 moves. With the help of the rod 6, the slider 7, the connecting rod 8 and the crank 9, the rotational motion created by the engine is converted into a reciprocating movement of the piston in the cylinder. The cylinder and the piston form a working cavity in which the working process is carried out. The working cavity has suction 3 and discharge 2 valves installed in the corresponding cavities of the cover 1 of cylinder 4. The discharge cavity is hermetically separated from the suction cavity. When the piston moves from top to bottom, a vacuum is created in the cylinder, as a result of which, under the action of pressure in the suction cavity, they open suction valves 3 and the working chamber is filled with gas. The cylinder is filled until the piston reaches the lowest position, i.e. while the suction valves are open due to the existing pressure difference in the suction pipe and the cylinder cavity. The discharge valves remain closed.

On the part of the return stroke of the piston, the suction and discharge valves are closed, the volume of the cylinder cavity decreases, and the pressure in it increases - the gas is compressed. The pressure in the cylinder increases until it exceeds the pressure in the network. Under its action, the discharge valves and gas open from the cylinder is pushed by the piston into the discharge line, while the suction valves remain closed. The working process takes place for a full revolution of the compressor crankshaft, which corresponds to a double piston stroke.

The extreme positions of the piston are called blind spots. In such positions of the piston, the axes of the rod, connecting rod and crank lie on one straight line. The space between the piston located at the top dead center (TDC) and the cylinder cover is called

harmful (dead) space. Its value is expressed in fractions of the volume described by the piston in one stroke, and depends not only on the distance between the piston at the dead center and the cylinder cover, but also on the volume of channels supplying and discharging gas, and on the design of the suction and discharge valves.

3. By whom and when is the operation of safety valves checked at a pressure of over 12 kgf / cm 2?

The compressor unit operator checks the operation of the safety valves operating at a pressure of over 12 kgf / cm 2 within the time limits established by the technological regulations and operational documentation.

4. What pressure gauges should be used on air collectors and gas collectors?

On air collectors or gas collectors, pressure gauges with a diameter of at least 150 mm, an accuracy class of at least 2.5, should be used.

It is necessary to use pressure gauges with such a scale that, at operating pressure, their insole is in the middle of the scale. A red line should be marked on the dial of the pressure gauge with a division corresponding to the highest permissible operating pressure.

Pressure gauges should be equipped with a three-way valve. At a pressure above 25 kgf / cm 2, instead of a three-way valve, it is allowed to install a separate fitting with a shut-off device for connecting a second pressure gauge.

5. Duties of the compressor operator after work.

See answer ticket number 3, question. five.

Ticket number 16

1. Equipment for compressor units.

See answer ticket No. 15, question 1.

2. Malfunctions of compressors, causes, remedies.

See the answer ticket No. 3, question 3

3.What should be monitored while the compressor unit is running?

See answer ticket number 2, question 5

4. Measures to reduce noise and vibration.

During operation of a compressor unit, noise is generated by check valves, filters on the suction line, rotating parts, gears of equipment, air flowing through the pipelines, as well as faulty and worn parts. Noise also occurs when blowing through vessels and pipelines.

Noise adversely affects the health of the operating personnel of compressor units. Working in noise conditions, these personnel often gradually lose hearing and performance. If the operating personnel cease to hear the signals of control and measuring instruments, as well as automation equipment, this can lead to injuries and to a breakdown of the compressor unit ...

Reducing noise and vibration can be done by:

Placement of compressors in a soundproof chamber;

Application of vibration isolating foundations of building structures of the compressor station building;

Application of sound-insulating gaskets at the joints of the compressor with air ducts and other parts, as well as special mufflers on the air ducts for purging vessels and exhausting air into the atmosphere;

Installations of metal shields at air intake filters;

Covering mufflers, walls and roofs in the compressor station room with sound-absorbing materials; it is recommended that operators use special helmets.

5. Duties of the compressor operator before starting work.

See answer ticket No. 1, question 5.

Ticket number 17

1. Auxiliary equipment of compressor units.

Apart from the compressor and its drive motor, the equipment of each compressor unit also includes auxiliary equipment: suction filter chambers (filters), intermediate and end coolers, moisture-oil separators, oil purge tank, pipelines and fittings.

2. Frequency of cleaning the oil pump and lubricator of the compressor unit.

The oil pump and lubricator should be cleaned at least once every six weeks.

3. Places of installation of pressure gauges on compressor units.

Pressure gauges are installed after each compression stage and on the discharge line after the compressor, as well as on air collectors or gas collectors; at a pressure at the last compression stage of 300 kgf / cm 2 and above, two pressure gauges should be installed; on the pipeline supplying oil to lubricate the movement mechanism; on the supply pipeline water for cooling the compressor jackets and refrigerators.

4. The main duties of the service personnel.

1. To maintain and ensure trouble-free operation of compressors and auxiliary equipment of the compressor station and air ducts.

2. Switch over and put into reserve or repair the compressor station equipment and air ducts.

3. Make up defect lists for equipment repair.

4. Participate in the repair of compressor station equipment.

5. Maintain records in work logs in accordance with the requirements of the Rules.

6. Observe the rules of the internal labor regulations of the enterprise, observe labor discipline.

7. Comply with the established labor standards.

8. Comply with the requirements of the Rules for labor protection, safety and fire safety.

9. Take good care of the property of the enterprise.

10. Immediately inform the administration of the enterprise or the immediate supervisor about the occurrence of situations that pose a threat to the life and health of people, the safety of the property of the enterprise.

11. Constantly improve your professional training through advanced training in various educational centers, self-training, etc.

5. Safety requirements for compressor lubrication.

See answer ticket No. 1, question 4

Ticket number 18

1. The main indicators characterizing the operation of the compressor.

The main indicators characterizing the operation of the compressor are: the temperature of the compressed air in the compression stages; the pressure of the compressed air in the compression stages; the oil pressure in the oil line; the presence of a cooling water flow; discharge pressure and flow control.

2. What devices should be installed in air compressors with a capacity of more than 10 m 3 / min?

Air compressors with a capacity of more than 10 m 3 / min should be equipped with end coolers and moisture-oil separators.

3.Where should the safety valves be installed in compressor units?

Safety valves should be installed after each compressor stage in the area of \u200b\u200bcooled air or gas. If there is one air collector for each compressor and there is no shut-off valve on the discharge line, the safety valve after the compressor can only be installed on the air or gas collector.

The size and capacity of the safety valves are selected so that a pressure cannot be generated that exceeds the operating pressure by more than 0.5 kgf / cm 2 at an operating pressure of up to 3 kgf / cm 2 inclusive, by 15% at an operating pressure of 3 to 60 kgf / cm 2 and 10% at an operating pressure over 60 kgf / cm 2.

Installation of safety valves must meet the requirements of industrial safety regulations.

Adjustment of safety valves should be carried out on special stands by persons admitted to self-service compressor units, with a record of the adjustment carried out in the operating documentation.

4. Responsibility for violation of the Labor Protection Rules during the operation of compressor units.

Persons who have violated the requirements of the Occupational Health and Safety Rules are liable in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

(Disciplinary, material, administrative and criminal liability).

5. Duties of the compressor operator during operation.

See the answer ticket number 2, question. five.

Ticket number 19

1. Air ducts, pipelines, fittings.

Pipelines have been laid at compressor stations to provide compressor installations with air, water, oil. Depending on the transported medium and purpose, pipelines are classified according to the scheme.

Air ducts are pipelines designed to transport air through them. Air ducts are divided into suction, discharge and main. The suction air line is a section of the pipeline from the filter (filter chamber) to the compressor suction nozzle, the discharge line is from the discharge nozzle to the flange of the auxiliary equipment, the main - from the air collector to the consumer of compressed air. The purpose of the air ducts is to transport air in the compressor unit from the moment it is sucked in from the atmosphere until it leaves the air collector of the air line to the consumer.

In addition to air pipelines, the compressor station has pipelines that are necessary for the operation of the compressor plant, through which water is transported intended for cooling the cylinder jackets, as well as for cooling compressed air in auxiliary equipment (refrigerators, moisture-oil separators), as well as pipelines (oil pipelines) through which oil is transported to lubricate the compressor plant equipment.

Pipeline fittings.The fittings installed on the pipelines of the compressor station are designed to control the flows of the working medium.

According to their purpose, valves are divided into: shut-off - gate valves, taps and valves; safety - check and safety valves; control - control, mixing and distribution valves, regulators; condensate traps.

The design and material of the used fittings must correspond to the conditions of its operation and are determined depending on the working pressure, temperature and nominal diameter of the pipe on which the armtura is installed.

Bronze stop valves (valves, gate valves, taps) are allowed on pipelines, provided that the pressure in the pipeline is not more than 1.3 MPa (13 kgf / cm 2), and its diameter does not exceed 200 mm, or not more than 0.8 MPa ( 8 kgf / cm 2) with a diameter of up to 500 mm Of the shut-off valves, valves are the most common, which is explained by their rather high tightness, ease of control, longer service life, the possibility of wider regulation, relative safety during operation.

2.What kind of fire protection system should be fitted to each compressor unit?

Industrial premises and structures must be provided with primary fire extinguishing means (manual and mobile): fire extinguishers, boxes with sand (if necessary), asbestos or felt covers, etc.

To place the primary means of extinguishing a fire in production and other premises, special fire shields must be installed.

Single placement of fire extinguishers, taking into account their design features, is allowed in small rooms.

Only those primary fire extinguishing means that can be used in this room, installation must be placed on fire shields. Fire extinguishing means and fire shields must be painted in appropriate colors in accordance with the current State standard.

3.What documentation does the compressor unit have?

Each compressor unit or group of homogeneous compressor units is equipped with the following technical documentation:

Passport (form) for the compressor unit;

A diagram of pipelines (compressed air or gas, water, oil) indicating the installation locations of valves, valves, moisture and oil separators, intermediate and end coolers, air collectors, instrumentation, as well as diagrams of electrical cables, automatics, etc.; diagrams are posted in a conspicuous place;

Instruction (manual) for the safe maintenance of the compressor unit;

Compressor operation log;

A journal (form) for accounting for compressor plant repairs, in which the results of checking welded seams should also be entered;

Compressor oil certificates and the results of its laboratory analysis;

Passports of all pressure vessels;

Compressor unit repair schedule;

The knowledge check log of the service personnel.

4. Requirements of labor protection when performing repair work.

When repairing compressor units, the repair personnel must comply with the established safety rules during the repair work.

Disassembly of compressor units should be carried out only after disconnecting the electric motor and control equipment from power sources. On the electrical panel and on the starting device, it is necessary to post a poster "Do not turn on. People are working", which is removed only with the permission of the shift supervisor after the equipment repair is completed and the corresponding work preparation of compressor plant equipment for start-up.

Carry out repair work on the operating equipment of the compressor unit is prohibited.

When repairing compressor units, the following safety requirements must be observed:

Use serviceable bench and measuring tools of appropriate dimensions;

Use only serviceable lifting equipment, pry attachments and slings, strictly observe the terms of their testing;

When washing the water jackets of the cylinders with liquid caustic, use rubber gloves, an oilcloth apron and goggles;

Check the height of the linear dead space of the compressor with a lead wire, it is not allowed to carry out this operation by touch;

Turn the crankshaft at the assembled compressor using a barring device only after removing foreign objects from the cylinder cavities, crankcase and crosshead;

Do not unscrew bolts or nuts with chisels, hammers, sledgehammers;

It is not allowed to use a percussion instrument with delamination, knocked down strikers, split handles;

When scraping, filing and stripping, sawdust should be removed with rags or brushes; do not throw them off by hand or blow them off;

Wear protective goggles when working with a chisel or grinder.

5. Duties of the compressor operator after work.

See answer ticket number 3, question. five.

Ticket number 20

1. Operation and control of the compressor installation.

The task of monitoring the operation of the compressor unit is to ensure its trouble-free, safe, reliable and correct operation.

Control over the operation of equipment and the process of obtaining compressed air is carried out with the help of instrumentation. Control is carried out not only during the operation of the compressor unit, but during their testing in order to determine the main parameters characterizing the technical condition of the compressors.

During the operation of the compressor unit, the following parameters and characteristics are subject to control:

Temperatures of air, cooling water, oil of the circulating lubrication system, friction parts of the compressor and the stator winding of the drive motor;

Intake and discharge air, cooling water and oil pressures;

Compressed air, oil, cooling water and electricity consumption;

Condition of the grounding network of the compressor unit;

Condition of filters for cleaning air drawn in from the atmosphere.

Temperature measurements of air, water and oil should be made during the operation of the compressor unit every hour.

2. Technical inspection of the compressor unit.

When carrying out a scheduled technical inspection, faults are eliminated that do not require disassembly and prolonged shutdown of the compressor unit. The list of technical inspection works includes:

Replacing all working valves with spare ones, cleaning removed valves from carbon deposits and dirt;

Cleaning valve boxes from carbon deposits and dirt; eliminating the causes of carbon deposits;

Checking pin attachment and crosshead condition;

Checking the fastening of the piston to the rod and the rod in the crosshead housing;

Checking the tightness of anchor bolts and other threaded connections;

Cleaning the piston pump; flushing the fine oil filter;

Checking the condition and cotter pins of connecting rod bolts and counterweight bolts, taking into account the severe consequences of accidents in case of accidental defects in connecting rod bolts, it is necessary to monitor their condition, using for this purpose possible compressor stops;

Checking the clearances between crosshead shoes and bed parallels;

Checking the condition of support rings and clearances between pistons and cylinders for compressors without a lubrication system;

Removing and flushing the filter elements of the air filter;

Changing the oil in the lubrication system of the crank mechanism and cleaning the coarse oil filter and the pipeline (only after the first technical inspection).

In the future, this operation is performed after 1500-3000 hours.

compressor operation;

Checking the condition of the cylinder mirrors through the valve windows; in the presence of carbon deposits, scratches or scuffs, it is necessary to remove the piston, remove carbon deposits and clean the cylinder mirror; lubricate the working surface of the compressor cylinder with oil;

Checking the condition of the piston and piston rings.

Every 1200 - 1500 hours of compressor operation during inspection, the following operations are additionally performed:

Checking the condition of the bearings of the lower connecting rod head, adjusting the gap between the liners and the crank journal of the crankshaft; risks and other defects on the crank journal of the crankshaft and liners are not allowed;

Checking the condition of the connecting rod upper head bushing and crosshead pin, checking the gap between them;

Adjusting the gap between the crosshead shoes and the parallels of the bed; to adjust the gap, special spacers are used, which are placed on each shoe;

Checking and adjusting the linear dead spaces, which must correspond to those indicated in the form, using a lead wire with a diameter of 2.5-3 mm; when checking the linear space, the lead wire must be laid in two diametrically opposite points;

Inspection and, if necessary, adjustment of the safety valves in the working air to the opening pressure in accordance with the passport data.

Every 4000 - 6000 hours of compressor operation, the following work must be performed:

Descale the water cavities of the cylinders and intermediate and end coolers.

3. What is the frequency of manual purging of moisture-oil separators, air collectors, gas collectors?

In the absence of automatic purging, manually purge the moisture-oil separators twice a shift, unless a shorter purging period is provided by the factory instructions; air collectors or gas collectors included in the compressor unit should be purged at least once a shift in the presence of an end cooler and a moisture-oil separator, and at least two once a shift in their absence.

4.When should the compressor be stopped?

See answer ticket No. 12, question 2.

5. Duties of the compressor operator before starting work.

See answer ticket No. 1, question 5.

Answers to tickets for social studies 11kl.

Test tasks to check the knowledge of workers by profession: "Operator of pumping units"

Legend:

Correct answer

Incorrect answer

Used Books:

1. Federal Law No. 116-FZ of 20.06.97.

2. Fomochkin A.V. Industrial safety, 2004.

3. PB 08-624-03.

4. PB 09-563-03.

5.PB 09-560-03.

What is the name of the law that defines the legal, economic and social foundations for ensuring the safe operation of hazardous production facilities?

Federal Law "On Industrial Safety in Industry".

Federal Law "On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities".

Federal Law "On the Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities".

Federal Law "On Occupational Safety at Hazardous Production Facilities".

Give the definition of an accident.

Destruction of structures and (or) technical devices used at hazardous industrial facilities;

Uncontrolled explosion;

Release of hazardous substances;

All of the above is true.

What relates to the incident?

Destruction of a structure;

Medium release;

Deviation from the process mode

Uncontrolled explosion.

What relates to the incident?

The state of protection of technical devices from accidents;

Failure of technical devices;

Destruction of technical devices;

Release of hazardous substances;

Give the definition of "industrial safety of hazardous production facilities":

The state of protection of the vital interests of the individual and society from accidents at hazardous production facilities;

The state of protection of the vital interests of the individual from the consequences of accidents at hazardous production facilities;

The state of protection of the vital interests of the individual and society from accidents at hazardous production facilities and the consequences of these accidents;

Conditions, prohibitions, restrictions and other mandatory requirements contained in this Federal Law and other federal laws.

What is a harmful production factor?

An occupational factor, the impact of which on a worker under certain conditions leads to illness or decreased performance

The production factor, the impact of which on the worker under certain conditions leads to death

Occupational factor, the impact of which on the worker under certain conditions leads to injury

The production factor, the impact of which on the worker under certain conditions leads to suffocation

What is a hazardous production factor?

An occupational factor, the impact of which on a worker under certain conditions leads to illness.

The production factor, the impact of which on the employee can lead to his death.

An occupational factor, the impact of which on the worker in certain conditions leads to injury or other sudden sharp deterioration in health.

A production factor, the impact of which on an employee can lead to his fall.

Can a harmful production factor become dangerous?

Not under any circumstances.

Yes, depending on the level and duration of exposure.

Yes, if it is a chemical hazardous production factor.

Yes, if it is a physical harmful production factor.

What is Occupational Safety?

This is a system of organizational measures and technical means aimed at minimizing the likelihood of exposure to hazardous production factors and eliminating the consequences of their manifestations.

These are conditions, prohibitions, restrictions and other mandatory requirements contained in the Federal Law "On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities", other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as in regulatory technical documents;

These are permits, procedures and requirements contained in the Federal Law "On Industrial Safety of Hazardous Production Facilities", other federal laws and other regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation, as well as in regulatory technical documents;

The state of protection of the vital interests of the individual and society from accidents at hazardous production facilities and the consequences of these accidents;

What should be the distance between the individual mechanisms?

Not less than 1 m.

No more than 1.5 m.

Not less than 0.75 m.

No more than 0.5 m.

Not less than 2 m.

How are objects equipped if a worker needs to be raised to a height?

Up to 1.0 m - steps, and to a height above 1.0 m - stairs with railings.

Up to 0.75 m - flooring with planks, and to a height above 0.75 m - steps.

Up to 1.0 m - steps, and to a height above 1.5 m - stairs with railings.

Up to 0.5 m - steps, and to a height above 0.75 m - stairs with railings.

Up to 0.75 m - steps, and to a height above 0.75 m - stairs with railings.

What are the requirements for marching stairs?

The slope is not less than 65 degrees, the width is not more than 60 cm.

Slope no more than 60 degrees, width 65 cm.

The slope is not less than 50 degrees, the width is not less than 75 cm.

Slope not more than 60 degrees, width not less than 65 cm Slope not more than 65 degrees, width not less than 70 cm.

What should be the distance between the treads of tunnel type ladders and step ladders?

No more than 35 cm;

No more than 25 cm;

No more than 30 cm;

No more than 40 cm;

What materials are used for elevated work platform decking?

Non-slip metal sheets.

Boards with a minimum thickness of 35 mm.

Low-temperature steels, eliminating the possibility of stress corrosion cracking.

Metal plates with anti-corrosion coating or boards with a minimum thickness of 50 mm.

What are the requirements for stair treads?

The distance between the steps in height should be no more than 15 cm and the slope inward 3-7 degrees.

The distance between the steps in height should be no more than 35 cm and the slope inward 8-11 degrees.

The distance between the steps in height should be no more than 20 cm and the slope inward 4-9 degrees.

The distance between the steps in height should be no more than 30 cm and an inward slope of 6-10 degrees.

The distance between the steps in height should be no more than 25 cm and the slope inward is 2-5 degrees.

For fire and explosion hazardous industries (oil treatment plants, tank farms, etc.), the use of wooden flooring is prohibited. In what cases is it allowed to temporarily use wooden flooring made of boards with a thickness of at least 40 mm?

When performing emergency rescue operations.

When conducting work from scaffolding during the repair of completely stopped equipment and apparatus, buildings and structures.

For an emergency approach to the scene of an accident or incident.

When eliminating leaks of hazardous liquids.

For trial running and commissioning of equipment and apparatus, buildings and structures.

When are moving parts of equipment completely enclosed?

With a mechanism height less than 1.8 m.

With a mechanism height less than 1.3 m.

With a mechanism height less than 2 m.

With a mechanism height less than 0.8 m

What types of medical examination (examination) should employees who work in hazardous and hazardous working conditions undergo to determine the suitability of these employees to perform the assigned work?

Only mandatory preliminary when applying for a job.

Periodic (under the age of 21 - annual).

The types and frequency of examinations are determined by the employer at its own discretion.

Mandatory preliminary when applying for a job and periodic (under the age of 21 - annual).

Arbitrary depending on the medical examination.

How often should employees undergo a mandatory psychiatric examination when performing work associated with increased danger (exposure to harmful substances, adverse production factors)?

At least once every five years in accordance with the procedure established by the Government of the Russian Federation.

At least once a year if desired.

The frequency is set by the employer.

The duration of the internship is set by the employer, but it cannot be ...

More than one week.

Less time to test knowledge.

Less than two weeks.

Less than one month.

Less than one week.

What should be provided to employees of hazardous production facilities?

Certified personal protective equipment, cleaning agents and neutralizing agents.

Posters, instructions and literature on the specialty.

Washing away and neutralizing agents.

Certified personal protective equipment.

Individual first aid kit and isolating gas mask.

Personnel must be familiar with the relevant instructions and sections of the PLA. Knowledge of the plan for the elimination of possible accidents is checked during:

Carrying out initial briefing.

Conducting the next briefing.

Conducting advanced training courses, in accordance with the plan approved by the technical manager of a hazardous production facility

Approvals in the bodies of Rostechnadzor of Russia.

Educational and training sessions with the personnel of the facility, conducted according to the schedule approved by the technical manager of the hazardous production facility.

At hazardous production facilities, security and access control must be provided to exclude the entry of unauthorized persons into the territory. At facilities where it is impossible to provide round-the-clock security and access control (well cluster, etc.), it is necessary to install:

Prohibitory signs for entry and exit.

Sound and light security alarm, notifying of unauthorized entry into the territory of a hazardous production facility by unauthorized persons.

Video surveillance equipment, with a signal to the central dispatching console.

Fences with posters warning of approaching a hazardous production facility.

All listed funds.

The device of perimeter security and the location of checkpoints, as well as their layout, should provide the ability to:

Control over the penetration of unauthorized persons into the territory of the production facility.

Operational emergency evacuation of personnel in different wind directions.

Free entry / exit to the territory of the production facility for fire trucks and ambulances.

Taking measures in accordance with the emergency response plan approved by the technical manager of a hazardous production facility.

Completion of all the listed activities.

Harmful substances in the air.

Noise levels.

Vibration.

Other harmful factors.

All the listed indicators.

What production facilities should be equipped with according to established standards:

Sanitary posts.

Apparatus (devices) for providing workers with drinking water.

Rest rooms.

Smoking areas.

All of the above.

Where should the control and protection system of stationary installations have an exit:

To the control room.

To the dispatching console and control center.

Into the general system of management, automation and control of production processes.

To the emergency shutdown system of the technological process.

What safety requirements must be met by technological equipment and pipelines:

Strength.

Corrosion resistance.

Reliability taking into account the operating conditions.

Strength, corrosion resistance and reliability given the operating conditions.

Safety, strength, corrosion resistance and reliability, taking into account the operating conditions.

The means of alarm and monitoring of the state of the air must be in good working order, and their operability is checked:

At least once a month.

At least twice a month.

At least once every six months.

At least once a year.

Before every watch.

What valves should be installed on the discharge line of a centrifugal pump?

Check valve.

Safety valve.

Stop valve.

Ball valve.

Two-way valve.

What valves should be installed on the discharge line of a piston pump?

Check valve and ball valve.

Safety and ball valves.

Non-return and safety valves.

Shut-off and ball valves.

Two-way and safety valves.

What devices should be installed on the pump station control panel?

Devices for monitoring the state of the air environment in the room and the state of the pumped medium.

Control devices for pressure, flow, temperature of pumping unit bearings.

Control devices for pressure, flow rate, bearing temperature of pumping units and the state of the air in the room.

Control devices for pressure, debit, bearing temperature of pumping units and the state of the air in the room.

Control devices for pressure, flow rate, bearing temperature of pumping units and the state of the pumped medium.

The first action in the event of a fire in the pumping room:

Disable all electrical installations

Report to management

Report to HPV

Start up the steam-foam extinguishing system

When is it prohibited to start up and operate centrifugal pumps?

All of the above

Where should be located shut-off, shut-off and safety devices installed on the discharge and suction pipelines of the pump or compressor

As close as possible to the pump (compressor).

At the maximum distance from the pump (compressor).

As close as possible to the control panel.

At the maximum distance from the control panel.

Anywhere at the request of the customer.

If the supply of the pumping unit is interrupted, first of all, it is necessary:

Switch off the pump unit;

Check the opening of the gate valve at the entrance;

Report to the management;

Report to CITS.

In case of a burst of the wastewater pipeline, it is necessary first of all:

Call CITS;

Report to the management;

Eliminate leaks;

Call for pump shutdown.

What should be the fencing of the coupling connection of the pump unit:

Mesh;

Perilny;

Solid;

Removable and solid.

Is it allowed to put into operation devices and pipelines with frozen drainage devices:

Allowed.

Not allowed.

Allowed for slow start with constant monitoring.

Allowed with an open drain of the drainage device.

Allowed if the safety device is not frozen.

When moisture freezes in the pipeline, measures should be taken to:

An external inspection of the pipeline section to ensure that the pipeline is not damaged.

Disconnecting the pipeline from the general system.

Disconnecting the pipeline from the general system. If it is impossible to turn off the pipeline and there is a threat of an accident, it is necessary to stop the installation and take measures to warm up the ice plug.

An external inspection of the pipeline section to ensure that the pipeline is not damaged. Disconnecting the pipeline from the general system. If it is impossible to turn off the pipeline and there is a threat of an accident, it is necessary to stop the installation and take measures to warm up the ice plug.

I will warm up the ice plug.

How and from which end should the ice plug be heated in the pipeline:

Steam or hot water from the end of the frozen area.

Steam or hot water starting from the beginning of the frozen area.

Steam or hot water, starting in the middle of the frozen area at the same time in different directions.

Steam or hot water, starting at both ends of the frozen area at the same time.

In any of the following ways.

What is prohibited to use to open frozen valves, valves and other locking devices:

Using improvised means, the use of which increases the torque.

Hooks, crowbars and pipes.

Pneumatic drives.

Hydraulic drives.

Electric drives.

What should an object controlled from a control room have?

Fire shield and emergency water supply.

Emergency evacuation system.

Manual control.

Remote and manual control of valves.

Satellite emergency communications.

What is allowed to be done by the shift technological personnel in the manner prescribed by the production instructions

Work on the prevention of emergencies, in the event of leaks.

Emergency shutdowns of individual devices and automation equipment.

Repair work specified by the regulations.

Preventive maintenance of systems according to the schedule.

Send a signal to the emergency control panel.

The facilities for gathering and processing oil and gas, pumping and compressor stations must have:

Technical passports and documentation for the equipment of pumping and compressor stations.

The technological scheme, approved by the technical head of the organization, indicating the numbers of valves, devices, directions of flows, fully corresponding to their numbering in the design technological scheme.

The order on the appointment of the person responsible for the work and technical passports for the equipment.

Rescue plan approved by the management of the enterprise.

All of the above.

Is it possible to operate the installation with faulty fire protection devices?

Yes, with manual fire extinguishing equipment available.

Yes, subject to availability of manual fire extinguishing equipment and an order to appoint a responsible person.

Yes, subject to agreement with the territorial authority of Rostekhnadzor of Russia.

Who should service the electrical equipment of the installation?

Electrical personnel with appropriate qualifications and permission to work.

Operating personnel with an electrical safety group of at least III.

Workers servicing the installation and having an electrical safety group of at least III.

The link of the senior operator in the presence of a foreman with an appropriate electrical safety group.

The personnel of a specialized enterprise (contractor).

The installation must be energized:

Electric personnel on duty at the direction of the plant manager or a person replacing him.

Installation manager or person replacing him.

Duty electric staff.

Workers servicing the installation and having an electrical safety group of at least III.

When is the operation of compressors and pumps prohibited?

If the maintenance personnel have not been instructed in safety.

In the absence of fire extinguishing equipment.

In the absence of the permission of the technical director of the organization to commission the equipment.

In the absence or in a faulty state of automation, control and interlocking systems specified in the manufacturer's passport and operating instructions.

In the absence of a work plan approved by the technical director of the organization

What are the requirements for standby pumps at pumping stations?

The number of standby pumps must be at least two.

Must be in constant readiness for start-up.

Must be filled with a neutral liquid.

Must be in a separate room.

Must be painted yellow.

What is the frequency of checking the serviceability of the safety, control and shut-off valves?

Every shift with registration in a special journal.

Daily with registration of the act.

According to the schedule with the recording of the results in the rotational log.

Weekly for management reporting.

By decision of the technical manager of the enterprise.

What is allowed to be produced by the shift technological personnel in the order established by the production instructions?

Work on the prevention of emergencies, in the event of leaks.

Emergency shutdowns of individual devices and automation equipment.

Repair work specified by the regulations.

Preventive maintenance of systems according to the schedule.

Send a signal to the emergency control panel.

The pump supplying oil to mechanical seals must be provided with:

Locking device that turns on the standby oil pump when the oil pressure drops.

Contact pressure gauge that includes an oil pressure drop warning.

Differential pressure transducer that signals the drop in oil pressure to the control panel.

Locking device that turns off the main device when the oil pressure drops.

A safety device that prevents the oil pressure from exceeding the value set by the manufacturer.

Which valve should be installed in the discharge line of a centrifugal pump? - Non-return and safety valves.

Check valve.

Ball and safety.

Ball.

The casings of pumps handling flammable and combustible products must:

Be made of corrosion resistant materials.

Have a drainage device.

Be grounded independently of the grounding of electric motors located on the same frame as the pumps.

Have a purge hole.

All of the above is true.

All pumps must be equipped with:

Instrumentation devices.

Oil cooled.

Drainage devices with discharge of the drained product into a closed disposal system.

Stuffing box seals.

What should be used to cover the trays of pumping stations?

Shut-off valves.

Safety fittings.

Shut-off and non-return valves

Corrugated metal slates.

What should be indicated on pipelines located in pumping stations?

Working agent type.

Their purpose and direction of movement of the product.

Nominal diameter.

Working or nominal pressure.

What should be indicated on electric motors located in pumping stations?

Manufacturing date.

Terms of maintenance.

Electric motor brand.

The direction of rotation of the rotor.

What parameters should be monitored during pump operation?

Discharge pressure.

Number of double strokes.

Suction side pressure.

Performance.

All of the above is true.

Pump operation with faulty pressure gauges

Allowed by permission of the facility manager.

It is prohibited.

Allowed in case of emergency.

Allowed in an emergency.

What is not allowed when the pump is running?

Lubrication of moving parts.

Elimination of leaks in stuffing box, mechanical seals.

Elimination of leaks in pipeline connections.

All of the above is true.

What should be done if any malfunction is detected that interferes with the normal operation of the pump?

Report to management.

Shut off pipelines.

Stop, check, troubleshoot.

All of the above is true.

What should be used to disconnect the standby pump from the suction and discharge manifolds?

Gate valves.

Plugs.

Check valve.

Check valve and gate valve.

Check valve and plug.

Is it allowed to use plugs to disconnect the standby pump from the suction and pressure headers?

Allowed in all cases.

It is prohibited.

Allowed provided they are quickly removed.

Forbidden in preparation for repair.

What should be done when the pump stops with water supplied to cool the oil seals?

Leave the water flow unchanged.

Shut off the water supply.

Increase the water flow to completely cool the oil seals.

Reduce water intake.

Working pressure in the line is 12 kgf / cm2. Which pressure gauge should be installed?

1.2 MPa

2.5 MPa

At 40 kgf / cm2

At 100 kgf / cm2

What should be foreseen before starting repair work at workplaces?

Prepare a serviceable tool.

Posters and warnings on the safe conduct of this work should be posted.

Prepare the workplace.

Prepare the equipment for repair work.

With whose permission can repair work be carried out at night?

With the permission of the technical manager of the enterprise.

With the permission of the person in charge of the work.

With the permission of the inspector of the territorial body of Rostechnadzor.

With written permission from the facility manager.

With the written permission of the head of the repair team.

Who should carry out work on opening and repairing any electrical equipment and lighting?

The personnel of a specialized enterprise (contractor).

Electrical personnel only.

Operational personnel with an electrical safety group of at least III.

Workers servicing the technical device and having an electrical safety group of at least III.

A specialist servicing a technical device in the presence of a master who has an appropriate electrical safety group.

Where should a record of the equipment repair be made?

In the equipment passport.

In the briefing log.

In the manufacturer's manual.

In the log book.

In the acceptance certificate

How soon can the pump be repaired due to disassembly?

Based on agreement with the administration of the enterprise.

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