Russian aviation. Russian Aviation What is the speed of the Su 35
Su-35(NATO classification: Flanker E+) is a Russian fighter aircraft created by the Sukhoi Design Bureau in the early 2000s.
History of the Su-35
In the mid-2000s, when the Sukhoi Design Bureau began work on the fifth-generation fighter project (PAK FA Program), they also worked on creating an aircraft capable of competing with the fifth generation, but more affordable. First of all, this was dictated by economic considerations: with each new generation fighters become more and more expensive - the American one costs about 150 million dollars and the Russian one is also unlikely to be cheap.
In 2005, a decision was made to develop the Su-35 (Izdeliye T-10BM). In the series, this aircraft is called Su-35S (previously the designation Su-35BM “Big Modernization” was used). The Su-35C is a deeply modernized super-maneuverable multirole fighter of the “4++” generation; in most characteristics it is not inferior to the latest 5th generation fighters, but lacks radar systems with AFAR and does not use stealth technologies. In essence, this is a basic one, which extensively uses technologies and equipment developed for the T-50.
In 2006, production of the pilot batch began. Flight tests of the aircraft began two years later, first at the air base of the Sukhoi plant KnAAPO (now KNAZ), and then at the base of the Flight Research Institute named after. Gromov in Zhukovsky. By March 2009, the aircraft had already made 100 flights.
In 2009, the aircraft made demonstration flights as part of the MAKS-2009 air show, during which the Ministry of Defense signed a contract for the supply of 48 aircraft.
In 2011, the first production Su-35S was flown, and deliveries began in 2012.
Video Su-35: Demonstration flight at the MAKS 2013 air show
Features of the Su-35
The Su-35 is a deep modernization of the Su-27. Many changes were made to the aircraft that significantly increased its performance, first of all, a significantly strengthened airframe, with reduced visibility on radars (it has a conductive coating of the cockpit canopy, the edges of the airframe are covered with special materials to reduce the ESR). In addition, the aircraft has an improved aerodynamic braking system, which made it possible to abandon the braking parachute.
The Su-35S has an advanced information and control system, a radar station with a passive phased array antenna "N035 Irbis", as well as new AL-41F1S engines developed by NPO Saturn with a plasma ignition system and thrust vector control (TCV). This engine is a simplified version of the engine installed on the T-50 PAK FA fighters of the first stage (they will receive new engines in the future).
The aircraft is equipped with electronic warfare equipment, and can also be equipped with group electronic defense stations. The cockpit is equipped with 3 displays with the ability to operate in multi-screen mode and a holographic indicator on the windshield.
Most of this equipment is used in one form or another on the newest T-50.
Operation of the Su-35
By 2014, the Russian Aerospace Forces had 48 serial fighters in service. In addition, a decision was made in the Russian Knights aerobatic team to replace the old Su-27s with Su-35s.
The Su-35 aircraft is deservedly considered the most formidable military fighter of the Russian Air Force. The powerful military air transport was created by talented Russian engineers based on the Su-27 fighter model created by Soviet designers.
Su-35 aircraft
After numerous upgrades, not one powerful engine was installed on modern aircraft, but two at once. At the very first test, the aircraft was able to demonstrate the development of enormous speed and rapid climb to altitude.
The technical characteristics of the Su-35, the modern electronic equipment provided in the aircraft, and weapons have turned the model in question into what can be said to be the most dangerous adversary for any enemy force that decides to engage in aerial combat with the Russian air force.
Creating a model
Russian designers began working on the creation of the first trial model in 2006. According to the previously approved plan, testing of the test sample was supposed to begin at the end of 2007, but the deadline had to be postponed by almost a whole year.
The first test flight of the Su-35 was carried out in early 2008. At the helm of the military equipment was an experienced test pilot S. Bogdanov, who more than once proved his professionalism in practice.
The performance characteristics of the Su-35 pleasantly surprised everyone present at the site of the first test flight. And the next day, military equipment was presented to V.V. Putin for review. And in the second trial test, air transport was able to confirm its incredible technical capabilities.
Considering the obvious advantages of the new fighter, it was decided to conclude a deal to purchase a large batch of military fighters, which in the future will be able to replenish the Russian Air Force. Initially, the cost of the Su-35 was agreed upon between the aircraft manufacturer Sukhoi and the Russian military departments. Having found a compromise regarding the cost of military equipment, the business partners signed an impressive contract for the creation of more than 47 units of aircraft over 3 years from 2012 to 2015.
The first models of production aircraft were presented to the Russian public at the end of 2011. The letter “C” was added to the name of the fighter, indicating that the vehicle is in mass production.
The Sukhoi automobile industrial enterprise successfully coped with the task assigned to it - in 2016, the Russian army had more than 64 Su-35S units in service.
Su-35 cockpit
Design features
Impressive and at the same time aesthetic – this is how you can describe the appearance of a military fighter in a nutshell. And the photo with full weapons leads to some confusion, because the power of military transport is truly amazing. The external shape of the Su-35 in some way resembles a predator soaring in the sky, proudly spreading its huge wings. The winged, menacing “bird” has rotating steering panels installed in the rear of the hull.
The designers managed to significantly improve controllability by equipping the aircraft with additional horizontal tail surfaces. Among the most significant changes made to the base model of the Su-27 are the following:
- a durable base made of durable aluminum and titanium was used to make the case;
- the cockpit was equipped with a modern ejection seat of the K-36 model;
- it was decided to equip the nose part of the aircraft with a so-called receiver for the flow of air masses, made in a spear-shaped design;
- thanks to the increase in the area of the vertical tail, it was possible to increase the flight range and significantly improve the maneuverability of military air transport;
- changed its location and the parachute needed during braking: the designers decided to move it to the upper part of the fuselage.
It is impossible not to mention the secret coating of the aircraft called “Stealth”, thanks to which both the thermal and radar signature of a military fighter is reduced several times.
The Su-35 engine, or rather two aircraft engines equipped with ATC thrust vectors, model Al-41-F1S, deserves special attention. This design is a prototype of the engine that was equipped with 5th generation military aircraft.
After carrying out certain upgrades, engineers managed to lower both the afterburner and afterburner thrust, which in turn reduced the service life several times. Such an engine helps the aircraft reach supersonic speed even without switching to a mode called “Afterburner”. The twin-engine power plant is controlled in electronic-mechanical mode.
Each Su-35 model is equipped with a modern radar system capable of detecting a target at a distance exceeding 350 km, called “Irbis, Radar-NO-35”. In addition to this design there is an OEIS and a location station.
Technical characteristics of a military fighter
- the body length parameter reaches 21.9 meters;
- aircraft height – 5.9 meters;
- the maximum speed of the Su-35 fighter is 2250 km/h, at an altitude of 11 thousand meters;
- the wingspan reaches 15.3 meters;
- maximum take-off weight – 34500 kg;
- combat load weight - 8 tons;
- when fully refueled at the maximum permissible altitude, the flight range at cruising speed is 3600 km;
- with a normal take-off weight, the length of the takeoff run is 420-450 meters;
- the length of the landing distance when using a special braking parachute is 680 meters;
- rate of climb reaches 300 m/s;
- the weight of fuel with tanks is 14295 kg;
- fuel mass without tanks – 11520 kg;
- the combat radius is 1650 km;
- distance near the ground at a speed of Mach 0.7 – 1590 km.
The modern military fighter Su-35 is flown by a single pilot.
The global aviation industry continues to grow and develop. Given this fact, it can be assumed that Russian engineers will also try to create a more advanced model of the Su-35 military fighter.
Currently, some ideas for the next modernization are already being considered. For example, engineers set out to install a functional radar blocker in the air intake. Another idea is also being considered, the essence of which is the additional installation of weapons. Engineers are also thinking about improving the dual-circuit turbojet power plant.
The prospects for the military fighter in question are very obvious. The Su-35 is of interest to both domestic buyers and aviation markets operating in foreign countries.
In contact with
Su-27M / T-10M - Super FLANKER
Su-35 / T-10M - FLANKER-E
Su-35BM / "T-10BM" / Su-35 / Su-35S - FLANKER-E+
Multirole fighter. Developed by the Sukhoi Design Bureau as a development of the Su-27 FLANKER. The overall management of the creation of the aircraft was carried out by the general designer of the OKB, the head of the Su-27M theme was the chief designer (and the head of the Su-27 theme) A.I. Knyshev, and then Nikolai Fedorovich Nikitin, later the chief designer. In 1996, after N.F. Nikitin went to work at the Sukhoi Aviation Industrial Complex, Vladimir Sergeevich Konokhov was appointed chief designer and project manager for the Su-27M and its modifications.
The development of a multi-purpose modification of the T-10M / Su-27M began in the early 1980s. In addition to being optimized for highly maneuverable air combat, the aircraft also gained the ability to engage ground targets with guided missile weapons. Formally, the aircraft belongs to the 4++ generation of fighter jets, but according to some experts it can be considered a 5th generation aircraft. The second generation Su-35 aircraft in the early 2000s for some time bore the name Su-35BM ("Great Modernization"), which later ceased to be used. The name "T-10BM" is most likely not official.
Project background. In 1982, the development of the Sword radar with a slot antenna array and electronic beam scanning in the vertical plane, which was created as a counterweight to the AN/APG-63 radar of the F-15 aircraft, was discontinued. The production Su-27s were equipped with the N001 radar with a Cassegrain antenna, which had no obvious advantages over the AN/APG-63 radar. At the same time, since 1983, an improved version of the AN/APG-63 with a programmable signal processor and a more advanced radar data processor was installed on production F-15C fighters, and work began on the new AN/APG-70 radar with even higher performance for "dual-purpose" fighter F-15E (since 1987, APG-70 stations have been installed on the F-15C). In contrast to these radars, the modified Su-27M had to be equipped with a new radar with an increased range, better noise immunity and additional air-to-surface operating modes. The development of the radar using the experience gained during the creation of the Mech radar was entrusted to the Tikhomirov Research Institute. It was assumed that the latest achievements of digital computing technology would be used.
In addition, in 1984, the United States began testing a new medium-range air-to-air missile, AMRAAM (Advanced Medium Range Air-to-Air Missile), with an inertial-corrected control system and an active radar seeker. In 1989, the missile, called the AIM-120A, entered service with the F-15C/E, F-16C, F-18C and F-14D fighters. After an analysis at GosNIIAS MAP of the USSR of the capabilities of American fighters with AIM-120 missiles in comparison with Su-27 and MiG-29 aircraft with R-27 missiles, the need to create a domestic missile with ARGS became clear. The absence of such a missile meant that the Su-27 and MiG-29 aircraft were significantly inferior in long-range missile combat to the American F-15 and F-16 fighters armed with AIM-120A missiles. Based on this, a decision was made to create a new generation medium-range air-to-air missile with ARGS and ISU - the R-77 RVV-AE missile. The new missile was supposed to be part of the armament of modified 4th generation fighters Su-27M and MiG-29M, and then other aircraft, incl. and promising 5th generation fighters.
Design. Thus, by 1984, the requirements for the modified Su-27M fighter were determined - ensuring superiority over the latest versions of the American F-15 and F-16 aircraft and giving it multifunctional qualities. The basis for solving these problems was equipping the aircraft with a new radar control system RLSU-27, promising medium-range air-to-air missiles with ARGS and weapons for effectively destroying ground targets. it was also planned to equip the fighter with an on-board radio-electronic defense complex (the Su-27 had only elements of such a complex) and modernized navigation equipment. It was also planned to modernize the information display means - most of the targeting and flight-navigation information was planned to be displayed on wide-format multifunctional indicators on cathode ray tubes and an improved collimator indicator on the windshield.
On December 29, 1983, the military-industrial complex of the Council of Ministers of the USSR decided to create the Su-27M aircraft. In accordance with this decision, OKB im. P.O. Sukhoi began developing a preliminary design for the fighter. The work was carried out in the fighter brigade of the OKB project department, headed by. The general management of the program was carried out by the General Designer. It was decided to implement a number of design improvements on the aircraft, which were tested in flying laboratories based on the Su-27 and Su-27UB in the mid-1980s. First of all, this concerned the use of the front horizontal tail (FH), tested on the T-10-24, a modified remote control system and an in-flight refueling system, tested on the T-10U-2. It was also planned to use a modification of the AL-31F engines on the Su-27M with a thrust increased to 13,000 kg, and to further increase the flight range, use a 2,000-liter tank.
In 1985, a preliminary design of the Su-27M was prepared. The avionics included the RLSU-27 radar control system, an optical-electronic sighting and navigation complex, an electronic countermeasures complex, a communications complex, instrument guidance equipment, a remote control system, a state identification transponder, control, registration, alarm systems, etc. All complexes provided for the widespread use of digital computers.
Tests. Assembly of the first prototype T-10M-1 began at the pilot production of the Design Bureau named after. Po. Flight Research Institute named after Gromov in Ramenskoye on June 28, 1988. The plane was lifted into the air by the leading test pilot of the Design Bureau Oleg Grigorievich Tsoi.
The first prototype of the Su-27M - T-10M-1 board No. 701 at the Air Force Museum in Monino, early 1990s (photo - Christian Waser, http://www.airwar.ru).
The first prototype of the Su-27M - T-10M-1 board No. 701 at the Air Force Museum in Monino, May 09, 1996 (photo - Valery Savelyev, http://russianplanes.net).
Prototype T-10M-1 board No. 701, Air Force Museum in Monino, no later than 2004 (http://www.aviation.ru).
On January 18, 1989, the second experimental vehicle (T-10M-2, board No. 702) joined the tests. The second aircraft was also converted from a production Su-27. At the plant in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, preparations have begun for the production of an pilot batch of modified fighters. The first T-10M produced by KnAAPO took off on April 1, 1992 (T-10M-3). Later, at the pilot production, the T-10M-6 was also re-equipped, on which a new EDSU was installed. T-10M pilot production assemblies had a single-wheel front landing gear - similar to the Su-27.
Total in 1989-1994. 12 prototypes were produced. On May 29, 1992, the technical appearance of the Su-35 / Su-27M in export version was approved for demonstrations at international exhibitions and air shows. In 1995, serial production of the Su-35 began at OJSC KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur), 3 aircraft were produced. Due to the lack of demand both in Russia and abroad, on August 1, 1997, the T-10M / Su-35 program was closed in favor of the Su-37 with thrust vectoring engines. Later, the Su-37 program was also closed. Developments under the T-10M program were used in the design of the Su-30MKK and Su-30MKI aircraft.
The first prototype of the original KnAAPO assembly is the T-10M-3 / Su-35 board No. 703 (photo - Paul Nann and Jukka Huppunen, http://www.airwar.ru).
The first prototype of the original KnAAPO assembly - T-10M-3 / Su-35 board No. 703 at the MAKS-1995 air show, Ramenskoye, August 1995 (photo - Maxim Bryansky, http://www.foxbat.ru/).
Second generation Su-35. In 2005, a decision was made to resume development of the Su-35. In the series, the aircraft will be called Su-35S. Production of the installation series began at KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur) in 2006. The assembly of the first prototype of the second generation Su-35 - T-10BM board No. 901 was completed in the summer of 2007 and the aircraft began ground tests. The first flight took place at the Gromov Flight Research Institute at the Ramenskoye airfield on February 19, 2008, pilot - Sergey Bogdan. At the beginning of July 2008, assembly of the second and third prototypes of the Su-35 was already underway at KnAAPO. The first prototype of the Su-35, board No. 901, made its first public demonstration flight in Ramenskoye on 07/07/2008. In July 2008, it was also announced that serial production of the Su-35 would begin in 2011 - supposedly it is planned to produce it for various customers by 2020 160 aircraft of this brand (statement by S. Korotkov, Sukhoi). The second flight prototype of the Su-35 took off at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur on October 2, 2008. In February 2009, it was announced that a third pre-production aircraft would soon join the tests. As of March 23, 2009, Su-35BM aircraft have completed a total of 100 flights. The third flight prototype of the Su-35BM was already equipped with a radar, unlike the first prototypes, and other avionics, but on April 26, 2009, Su-35BM board No. 904 crashed during a high-speed run at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur due to a system failure engine control.
State tests and mass production. During the MAKS-2009 air show (opening on August 18, 2009), a contract was signed for the supply of 48 Su-35S aircraft to the Russian Air Force from 2012 to 2015. A similar contract is expected to be signed for 2015-2020. In mid-November 2009, KnAAPO began fulfilling a contract for the supply of Su-35S for the Russian Air Force.
In July 2010, the completion of preliminary tests of the Su-35BM was announced. The state testing program for the aircraft was planned to begin in September-October 2010. In the future, 6 aircraft are expected to participate in state tests. The first serial Su-35S produced by KnAAPO made its first flight on 05/03/2011 at the Dzemgi airfield (Komsomolsk-on-Amur) - this is the first aircraft of the project, fully equipped with avionics.
On August 15, 2011, the first two pre-production Su-35BM aircraft (board numbers 901 and 902) and the first production Su-35S began a joint state testing program at the 929th State Flight Test Center (GLITs) of the Air Force. Preliminary flight tests were carried out on the Su-35BM (901 and 902), during which the main established flight performance characteristics of the onboard equipment complex and super-maneuverability characteristics were fully confirmed, stability and controllability characteristics, power plant characteristics, and operation of the navigation system were tested. In March 2012, Su-35S No. 4 was transferred to participate in state joint tests.
By default, data from the first generation Su-35 (1988).
Design The aircraft is similar to the Su-27 with some differences. The aerodynamic design is normal with a front horizontal tail and two fins. The horizontal tail and PGO are all-moving. The strength and service life of the structure is higher than that of the base Su-27. The first generation aircraft is equipped with vertical fins, different in shape and height from the classic ones for the Su-27 (except for some prototypes built on the basis of the production Su-27). Key type drogue parachute container. Due to the installation of new types of radar, the contours of the nose radio-transparent cone and the central tail boom have been changed. The aerodynamic brake flap with an area of 2.6 square meters is located on top of the fuselage behind the cockpit. The deflection angle of the flap is 54 degrees, release is carried out at indicated speeds of up to 1000 km/h.
During the construction process, the design of the aircraft was changed to increase the volume of fuel tanks (to increase the aircraft's flight range). Integral fuel tanks are located incl. in the fins of the aircraft.
Fuel mass in keels - 300 kg
Mass of fuel additionally placed in the wing - 500 kg
The chassis is tricycle with a controlled front strut, reinforced compared to the base Su-27. On the front landing gear with a semi-lever type strut, instead of one wheel measuring 680x260 mm, two non-braking wheels measuring 620x180 mm were installed.
Supersonic air intakes with mechanization. The movable panels of the adjustable wedge and the replenishment shutters are located on the lower surface. The adjustable three-stage air intake wedge consists of interconnected front and rear movable panels. The front panel represents the second and third stages of the air intake braking wedge, the rear movable panel forms the movable upper wall of the air channel diffuser behind the throat. The protective mesh in the retracted position is located on the lower surface of the air intake duct. The mesh is released against the flow, the axis of rotation is located behind the neck in the diffuser part of the channel. The replenishment louvres are located on the outer side of the lower surface of the air intake in the area where the protective mesh is located. The blinds are made “floating”, i.e. opening and closing under the influence of differential pressure. They can open both when the net is retracted and when it is released. Optimal braking of the supersonic flow in the air intake diffuser is ensured by installing its adjustable elements in the design position by an automatic air intake control system of the ARV-40A type. Radiation warning station antennas are installed on the side surface of the air intakes.
Su-35C / T-10BM- the aircraft design has been completely redesigned using a design software package. The service life of the airframe has been significantly increased, the cutting of the fuselage and airframe parts has been changed, the shape of the fins has been changed (the shape is closer to the shape of the Su-27 fins), the PGO and the brake flap behind the pilot cabin are missing. The functions of the air brake are performed by the rudders - with synchronous deflection outward.
Service life - up to 30 years
Airframe life - 6000 hours ( I. Demin, Sukhoi Design Bureau, Lenta.ru)
Overhaul life - 1500 hours ( Fomin)
Su-35S GOZ-2012 board number 09 red at Shagol airbase / Chelyabinsk during a ferry from KnAAPO, February 8, 2013 (photo - ilius, http://forum.keypublishing.com).
Engines:
1) T-10M - 2 x AL-31FM with a thrust of 12800 kg in afterburner.
2) Su-35 / T-10BM / Su-35S - 2 x turbofans with UVT AL-41F1S / product 117S developed by NPO Saturn with a plasma ignition system and an electronic-mechanical control system. After mastering the production of the AL-41F1 / product 117 engine, it is planned to install them on the aircraft. flight tests of engines began on the T-10M-10 aircraft in March 2004. The first two engines for the first flight prototype were delivered to KnAAPO in early 2007. Engine tests were completed on 02/07/2008. In the future, it is planned to install “product” engines on the Su-35S 117". The production of AL-41F1S engines is planned on a 50/50 basis between NPO Saturn and the Ufa Motor-Building Production Association (Ufa).
Engine thrust:
- maximum without afterburner - 8800 kg each
- full afterburner - 14000 kg each
- maximum afterburner / special mode - 14500 kg each
Fan diameter - 932 mm
Engine weight - 1520 kg
The thrust vector deviation angles are +-20 degrees. in the plane
Thrust vector deflection speed - 60 deg/s
Resource - about 4000 hours
Lifetime before 1st major overhaul - 1500 hours ( Fomin)
Overhaul life - 1000 hours ( Fomin)
The Su-35BM aircraft uses an auxiliary gas turbine engine-generator unit VGTD TA14-130-35 with a power of 105 kW. The VGTD provides air conditioning for the cabin and aircraft compartments, as well as power supply with alternating current with a voltage of 115/200 volts and a power of up to 30 kVA.
Aircraft performance characteristics:
Crew - 1 person
| Su-35/T-10M | Su-35B / T-10BM / Su-35S |
|
| Length | 22.18 m | 21.95 m |
| Wingspan | 14.7 m | 14.75 m |
| Height | 6.35 / 6.43 m | 5.92 m |
| Wing area | 62.04 sq.m | 62.2 sq.m |
| Wing sweep angle along the leading edge | 42 degrees | 42 degrees |
| Wing load at normal weight | 414 kg/sq.m | 410 kg/sq.m |
| Wing load at maximum weight | 548 kg/sq.m | 611 kg/sq.m |
| Thrust-to-weight ratio at normal weight | 0,97 | 1,14 |
| Thrust-to-weight ratio at maximum weight | 0,74 | 0,76 |
| Maximum take-off weight | 34000 kg | 34500 kg |
| Takeoff weight is normal | 25700 kg | 25300 kg (2 x R-77, 2 x R-73) |
| Empty mass | 18400 kg | 19000 kg |
| Weight of fuel with fuel tank | 14300 kg | |
| Fuel weight without fuel tank | 10250 kg | 11500 kg |
| Payload weight | 8000 kg | 8000 kg |
| Maximum speed at altitude | 2500 km/h / 2.35M | 2500 km/h / 2.35M 2.25 M (altitude 11000 m) 2400 km/h (during the first stage of the GSI in 2011) |
| Maximum speed near the ground | 1400 km/h / 1.17 M | 1400 km/h / 1.17 M (height 200 m, confirmed during the first stage of the GSI in 2011) |
| Maximum speed without afterburner | more than 1300 km/h (more than 1.1 M) on the first prototype T-10BM - 1.1 M |
|
| Cruising speed | 800-950 km/h / 0.75-0.9 M | |
| Maximum flight range with 1 refueling | 6300 km | |
| Maximum flight range with PTB | 4500 km (at altitude, 2 x PTB-2000) | |
| Maximum flight range without PTB | 3400 km | 3600 km (at altitude, cruising speed) |
| Flight range near the ground (speed - 0.7M) | 1580 km | |
| Combat range | 1600 km | |
| Practical ceiling | 18000 m | 18000 / 19000 m 18000 m (during the first stage of the GSI in 2011) |
| Rate of climb | more than 280 m/s | more than 280 m/s |
| Acceleration time at an altitude of 1000 m with fuel remaining 50% of normal fueling | from 600 km/h to 1100 km/h - 13.8 s from 1100 km/h to 1300 km/h - 8 s |
|
| Maximum operational overload | 9G | |
| RCS area (estimated) | 0.5-2 sq.m | |
| Takeoff run | 400-450 m (normal take-off weight, full afterburner) |
|
| Mileage | 650-700 m (with a drag parachute and normal landing weight) |
Armament: suspended weapons on all types of aircraft are located on 12 hardpoints - 4 hardpoints under the fusage and 8 hardpoints under the wing.
| Su-35/T-10M | Su-35BM / T-10BM | Su-35S | |
| Artillery built-in | 1 x 30 mm GSh-30-1 cannon, ammunition - 150 shells. The gun is installed in the right wing influx. | 1 x 30 mm GSh-30-1 cannon, ammunition - 150 shells. The gun is installed in the right wing influx. | |
| Air-to-air missiles (variants) | 10 x R-77 RVV-AE 8 x R-27RE / R-27TE missiles 6 x R-73, R-73M 8 x R-27 or R-77 missiles + 4 R-73 missiles | At 12 suspension points it is possible to use missiles of the types KS-172, R-27E, R-77, R-73, RVV-SD, RVV-MD. 5 x KS-172 | At 12 hardpoints it is possible to use missiles of the types R-27E, R-77, R-73, RVV-SD, RVV-MD. 8 x R-27ER1 Options: |
| Air-to-surface missiles | at 6 suspension points it is possible to use the S-25LD, Kh-29L, Kh-59M, Kh-31A, Kh-31P missile launchers; NUR types S-8 (up to 6 units), S-13 (up to 6 units) and S-25 (up to 6 units); to use Kh-29L, S-25LD and Kh-59M missiles, the aircraft must be equipped with a weapon control system container | At 6 suspension points it is possible to mount ammunition X-31, "Onyx" / BrahMos (1-3 pcs), KR "Club" / "Caliber-A" (up to 3 pcs), X-25, X-29, X-38 , Kh-58USHKE, Kh-59MK (up to 5 pcs), S-25LD; unguided missiles of types S-8 (in blocks), S-10 (in blocks) and S-25; | At 6 suspension points it is possible to suspend ammunition Kh-31, Kh-25, Kh-29, Kh-38, Kh-58USHKE, Kh-59MK (up to 5 pieces), S-25LD; unguided missiles of types S-8 (in blocks), S-10 (in blocks) and S-25; |
| Bombs | bombs: 16 x FAB-500M54 (4 pcs per multi-lock holder) 12 x FAB-500M62 / BetAB-500Sh / ZB-500Sh 8 x KAB-500Kr 36 x FAB-250M54 24 x FAB-250M62 48 x FAB-100-120 (6 pcs per multi-lock holder) 8 x KMGU | 8 x KAB-500Kr 8 x KAB-500S-E 3 x KAB-1500Kr 3 x KAB-1500L bombs of various calibers | 4-5 x KAB-500Kr 4-5 x KAB-500S-E 2-3 x KAB-1500Kr 2-3 x KAB-1500L bombs of various calibers |
Weapon suspension options for the Su-35 / T-10M (http://www.airwar.ru).
Su-35 / T-10M-9 board No. 709 with one of the air-to-air combat load options (http://www.airwar.ru).
Su-35 board No. 901 with R-77 type missiles and R-73 type missiles. Air Force LII airfield in Ramenskoye, May 2012 (photo - Sergey Lysenko, http://russianplanes.net).
Su-35S board No. 01 black with adjustable KAB-1500L aerial bombs in Ramenskoye, February 2013 (photo - Vyacheslav Babaevsky, http://russianplanes.net).
Su-35S board No. 04 red with X-31 missiles in Ramenskoye, February 2013 (photo - Vyacheslav Babaevsky, http://russianplanes.net).
Weapon suspension options for Su-35S / T-10BM (http://www.knaapo.ru).
Equipment:
- Su-35 first generation:
The radar control system RLSU-27 includes a forward-looking radar N011 with a slot antenna, developed by the Tikhomirov Research Institute (chief designer - T.O. Bekirbaev) and a rear-looking radar N012 developed by the Rassvet NIIR. The N011 radar has, compared to the serial N001 radar, an increased detection range of air targets and a viewing area of the airspace in azimuth and elevation, provides tracking and firing of a larger number of targets simultaneously, and also operates in terrain mapping mode. The radar uses a multi-mode broadband transmitter high power on a traveling wave tube with high efficiency, low-noise input microwave power amplifier and highly effective protection against increased levels of penetrating power. The radar carries out digital processing of the radar signal based on a reprogrammable signal processor and uses a high-performance digital computing system. The rear-view radar was planned to be placed in the central tail boom of the fuselage. RLSU-27 capabilities:
- delivering a pre-emptive strike against any air enemy, incl. unnoticeable;
- attack of ground (sea) targets without entering the air defense zone;
- use of weapons against air and ground (sea) targets based on radar information in one flight;
- ensuring flight at low altitudes with avoidance and avoidance of obstacles;
- participation in group actions against air and ground targets;
- automation of all stages of flight and combat use;
- implementation of automatic monitoring of the state of systems with identification of faults in a short time;
- detection of standard air and ground targets at a distance of up to 200 km, and large air targets with a large RCS - at a distance of up to 400 km (confirmed during the first stage of the GSI in 2011);
- simultaneous tracking of air targets in the rear hemisphere of the aircraft;
- work in conditions of deliberate interference.
The optical-electronic sighting and navigation system includes:
- flight and navigation complex PNK-10M - includes a digital computer, airborne signal system SVS-2Ts-U, radio altimeter RV-21, critical mode prevention system (SPKR), long- and short-range radio navigation systems A-723 and A-312 , equipment for determining the mutual coordinates of group aircraft (OVK) A-315, Doppler speed and drift angle meter SHO-13A, automatic radio compass ARK-22, vertical and heading information complex IK-VK-80, automatic control system SAU-10M and other equipment .
- optical-location station (OLS) OLS-27K - located in front of the pilot's cabin with an offset to the right.
- helmet-mounted target designation system "Schel-ZUM"
- weapon control system
- angular velocity and linear acceleration meter (IUSLU)
- digital computing system.
The onboard defense complex includes:
- radio intelligence station;
- missile launch heat direction finder;
- automatic passive jammer APP-50
- active electronic jamming station "Sorption" (in two containers on the wingtips);
- control device based on on-board computer.
It was envisaged to use a mutual group protection system with a more powerful jamming station in hanging containers.
A typical set of communications equipment TKS-2-27, also with a digital computer, includes a HF radio station R-864L, two VHF radio stations R-800L and telecode communication equipment, classifying conversations, etc.
The cockpit information and control field includes three high-contrast multifunctional monochrome CRT television indicators with a button frame and an improved indicator against the background of the windshield. The number of traditional electromechanical devices has been reduced; they are assigned only redundant functions.
The aircraft uses a digital remote control system in the longitudinal, transverse and directional channels (digital EDSU).
A refueling system with a retractable boom was installed in the pre-cabin compartment on the left (as on the Su-27K), and the use of two PTB-2000 with a capacity of 2000 liters was provided.
The K-36DM ejection seat of the 2nd series is installed with an increased angle of up to 30 degrees. backrest angle - to reduce the load on the pilot during overloads and during ejection. Raising the seat slightly upward and shifting the OLS sensor to the right of the aircraft's symmetry axis improved visibility from the cockpit.
On T-10M-11 and T-10M-12 aircraft in 1995. Testing of the modernized radar N011M with phased array developed by NIIP has begun. Tikhomirov (chief designer T.O. Bekirbaev) and a new cabin on color LCD screens. In addition to replacing the slot antenna array with a phased array, a more efficient processor was installed, and computing facilities were replaced. The set of measures was to ensure:
- increasing the radar range
- increasing the zones of simultaneous tracking and attack of many targets;
- increasing the number of simultaneously escorted and attacked targets;
- increasing the combat effectiveness of the aircraft due to the temporary combination of air-to-air and air-to-surface modes and combat missions;
- use of advanced air-to-air and air-to-surface weapons.
- Su-35BM / Su-35S second generation- new avionics, new modern control unit, radar control system (RLSU) with multifunctional radar with passive phased array N035 "Irbis" / "Irbis-E". It is planned to place additional L-band radar antennas in the linear elements of the fuselage and wing tips. The aircraft is equipped with an optical-electronic radar station for target detection. The set of instruments in the cockpit includes 2 color LCD displays and an indicator on the windshield.
Radar system "Irbis" with radar with phased array N035 "Irbis" was developed by the Research Institute of Instrument Engineering named after V.V. Tikhomirov as a further development of the radar system "Bars" (Su-30MKI and Su-30MKM aircraft). Development of the radar system began in 2004, testing of the prototype began in 2006. The beam is controlled electronically with mechanical rotation of the antenna blade using a two-stage electric-hydraulic drive to increase the angle of beam deflection. Serial production began in 2008. The phased array is located on a two-stage electric hydraulic drive (with azimuth and roll control). The radar is equipped with a computer system with a Solo-35 digital computer. The antenna device scans with electronic beam control in azimuth and elevation in sectors of at least 60 degrees. In addition, a two-stage electric hydraulic drive mechanically rotates the antenna in azimuth by an angle of up to 60 degrees and in roll by an angle of 120 degrees. Thanks to this, the maximum beam deflection angle in azimuth with electronic control and mechanical rotation of the antenna increases to 120 degrees. When operating on the ground, the radar system provides detection, selection and tracking of targets in several mapping modes with varying degrees of resolution at a range of up to 400 km while maintaining control over the airspace.
Frequency range - X (8-12 GHz)
PAR diameter - 900 mm
Viewing angles - ±120 degrees.
Beam switching time - 400 µs
Average power - 5 kW
Peak power - 20 kW
Number of transceiver modules - 1772 pcs.
Number of detected and tracked targets - 30 air and 4 ground
Number of simultaneously designated targets - 8 air and 2 ground
Detection range:
- targets with an ESR of 3 sq.m on a collision course - 350-400 km (in a viewing area of 10 x 10 degrees)
- targets with an EPR of 3 sq.m on a collision course - 200 km (in the viewing area 17.3 x 17.3 degrees = 300 sq.deg.)
- targets with an EPR of 3 sq.m on a collision course against the background of the earth - 170 km (in the viewing area 17.3 x 17.3 degrees = 300 sq.deg.)
- targets with an EPR of 3 sq.m on catch-up courses - 80 km (in the viewing area 17.3 x 17.3 degrees = 300 sq.deg.)
- targets with an EPR of 3 sq.m on catch-up courses against the background of the ground - 50 km (in the viewing area 17.3 x 17.3 degrees = 300 sq.deg.)
- targets with EPR 1 sq.m - up to 300 km
- targets with EPR 0.5 sq.m - up to 240 km
- targets with EPR 0.1 sq.m - up to 165 km
- targets with EPR 0.01 sq.m - up to 90 km
Radar antenna with phased array N035 "Irbis" at the MAKS-2009 exhibition, 08/21/2009 (photo - Allocer, http://ru.wikipedia.org).
Display of the radar situation on the multifunctional display in the Su-35S cockpit. At the top left is the air-to-air mode, on the right is the mode of operation against ground targets. Below is the operating mode for ground targets (http://www.knaapo.ru).
OLS-35 is an optical location station installed in the nose of the aircraft in front of the pilot's cabin on the right. Provides target detection in optical (TV channel) and infrared (thermal imager) ranges, and also includes a laser rangefinder-target designator. The OLS-35 differs in its element base and software algorithms from the OLS of the Su-27 and Su-30 aircraft.
Viewing and automatic tracking area - 90 degrees in azimuth and from -15 to +60 degrees in elevation
Detection range of non-afterburning air targets (front / rear hemispheres) q<15°:
- 50 / 90 km
- 80 km (during the first stage of the GSI in 2011)
Measurement range to ground target - 30 km
Measuring range to an air target - 20 km
Range measurement accuracy - 5 m
Number of simultaneously tracked air targets in the IR range - 4
Complex of electronic countermeasures:
- electronic intelligence equipment - operating frequency range - 1.2...40 GHz
- active jamming equipment - operating frequency range - 4...18 GHz
- group protection active interference containers - operating frequency range - 1...4 GHz
The aircraft can receive target designation from air, ground or ship command posts. can operate as part of a group of aircraft.
The aircraft control system is fly-by-wire - an integrated control system KSU-35 developed by MNPK Avionika. The aircraft is equipped with a refueling system with a fuel transfer rate of up to 1100 l/min.
Su-35S serial number 01-06. KnAAPO Dzemgi airfield, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, publication 12/06/2012 (http://www.knaapo.ru).
Modifications:
- T-10M / Su-27M - an experimental prototype of the Su-35, based on production copies of the Su-27. first flight July 28, 1988. A total of 7 aircraft were produced.
- Su-35 / T-10M-8 - pre-production Su-35, 5 aircraft were produced in 1992-1995.
- Su-35 - serial aircraft, a total of 3 aircraft were produced in 1995.
Serial Su-35 of the first generation, serial No. 12-04, board No. 88. The photo was taken before July 2003 (photo - Dmitry Avdeev, http://airwar.ru).
Serial Su-35 board No. 3, former No. 86, from the Russian Knights aerobatic team (http://parfaits.livejournal.com).
- Su-37 / T-10M-11 - experimental aircraft Su-37 - fighter with engines with thrust vector control, converted T-10M-11. The Su-37 made its first flight on April 2, 1996.
- Su-35UB / T-10UBM - Su-35 combat training aircraft, first flight on August 7, 2000. The aircraft was created on the basis of the Su-30MKK and differs from it in other engines, PGO, and a more advanced radar. The aircraft differs from the Su-30MKI aircraft in having engines and fins of increased area (similar to the Su-35). The aircraft was supposed to be equipped with an N011M radar with the ability to work on ground targets. 12 weapons hardpoints, in-flight refueling system. In 2001, the aircraft took part in evaluation demonstration flights conducted with South Korean Air Force pilots (completed November 1, 2001).
- Su-35 / Su-35BM / T-10BM - prototypes of the second generation Su-35. The aircraft does not have a PGO, the airframe has been strengthened, the shape of the fins has been changed - it has become more similar to the classic shape of the Su-27, and a new “side” has been installed on the aircraft. A new type of engine was used - AL-41F1S / "product 117S", which ensures supersonic flight without afterburner. The engines are equipped with controlled thrust vectoring. The first flight took place on February 19, 2008.
- Su-35S - production aircraft of the second generation Su-35. Production of the series began in 2010 at KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). By 2015, it is planned to produce 48 aircraft. The first pre-production Su-35S made its first flight in Ramenskoye on 07/07/2008.
Price aircraft:
- 2009 for the Russian Air Force - more than 40 million USD ( Lenta.ru)
Status: USSR / Russia
- 1996 - the first 3 production Su-35s, tail numbers 86, 87 and 88, were transferred to the Air Force.
2001 April 24 - Su-35 and Su-35UB aircraft were presented at the LAD-2001 arms and military equipment exhibition in Brazil.
2002 November 5 - Su-35 and Su-35UB aircraft take part in the Airshow China 2002 exhibition in Zhuhai (China).
July 2003 - three serial Su-35s were transferred from the Air Force to the Russian Knights aerobatic team, side numbers were changed to 3, 4 and 5. Also 2 pre-production prototypes were transferred to the group - T-10M-3 (side number was assigned to 1) and T-10M-12 (assigned to board No. 2).
2006 November 29 - RIA Novosti reports that tests of the second generation Su-35 will begin in 2007.
April 26, 2009 - the third flight prototype of the Su-35BM board No. 904 crashed during a high-speed run at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur due to a failure of the engine control system. The pilot, Evgeny Frolov, ejected.
Burnt Su-35BM aircraft board No. 904 after the accident on April 26, 2009 (http://paralay.iboards.ru/).
Su-35BM aircraft board No. 904 in the KnAAPO workshop after the accident on April 26, 2009. Photo or 2010 or early 2011 (http://paralay.com).
- August 2009 - signing of a contract between the Russian Ministry of Defense and KnAAPO / Sukhoi company for the supply of 48 Su-35S to the Air Force until 2015.
2009 August 24 - on landing after the completion of demonstration performances at the MAKS-2009 air show, the Su-35 aircraft board No. 901, piloted by S. Bogdan, found itself in a critical situation. The pilot came out of a difficult situation with honor and successfully landed the plane.
Accident during landing of Sergei Bogdan's Su-35 on August 24, 2009 at the MAKS-2009 air show. Copyright of photographs from top to bottom: first photo - http://www.nr2.ru, second - Sergey Karpukhin, Reuters, third - Alex Zak, http://russianplanes.net).
The first production Su-35 of the second generation is Su-35S board No. 01 blue. KnAAPO Dzemgi airfield, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, May 23, 2011 (photo - Vadim, http://russianplanes.net).
- 2011 August 15 - the first two pre-production Su-35BM aircraft (board No. 901 and 902) and the first production Su-35S began a joint state testing program at the 929th State Flight Test Center (GLITs) of the Air Force. Preliminary flight tests were carried out on the Su-35BM (901 and 902), during which the main established flight performance characteristics of the onboard equipment complex and super-maneuverability characteristics were fully confirmed, stability and controllability characteristics, power plant characteristics, and operation of the navigation system were tested. The achieved maximum speed at the ground is 1400 km/h, at altitude - 2400 km/h, ceiling - 18 thousand m. Target detection range in air-to-air mode is over 400 km. This significantly exceeds the same figure for aircraft in service. The onboard OLS allows you to detect and track several targets at a range of over 80 km. The complex is ready to undergo testing for combat use.
Su-35 board No. 901 in the program of the MAKS-2011 air show, Ramenskoye, August 19, 2011 (photo - Vladimir Yazynin, http://russianplanes.net).
Experimental fighter T-10M-10 board No. 710. Ramenskoye airfield LII Air Force, autumn 2011 (photo by Yuri Stepanov, http://russianplanes.net).
- 2011 December 2 - the second production Su-35S made its first flight.
First flight of the second production Su-35S. KnAAPO Dzemgi airfield, 12/02/2011 (photo by Vladimir Ivakhnenko, http://www.knaapo.ru).
The second production Su-35 of the second generation is Su-35S board No. 02 red. KnAAPO Dzemgi airfield, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, January 2012 (photo - Vadim, http://russianplanes.net).
- 2012 January 17 - according to the official press release of the Sukhoi Company OJSC, the third production Su-35S made its first flight.
First flight of the third production Su-35S. KnAAPO Dzemgi airfield, 01/17/2012 (photo by Vladimir Ivakhnenko, http://www.knaapo.ru).
The third production Su-35 of the second generation is Su-35S board No. 03 red. Belaya airfield, Ussolye-Sibirskoye, February 2012 (photo - Vadim, http://russianplanes.net).
- March 2012 - Su-35S No. 4 was transferred to participate in state joint tests.
Su-35S board No. 01 blue. Probably testing a weapons system, airfield LII VVS in Ramenskoye, March 2012 (photo - bender, http://russianplanes.net).
Su-35BM board No. 901 blue. Air Force LII airfield in Ramenskoye, March 2012 (photo - Yuri Stepanov, http://russianplanes.net).
Su-35S board No. 04 red in Ramenskoye, April 2012 (photo - bender, http://russianplanes.net/id73783).
Su-35S board No. 01 is blue with 4 R-73 type missiles and one Fab-100 class bomb under the fuselage. Air Force LII airfield in Ramenskoye, May 2012 (photo - Sergey Lysenko, http://russianplanes.net).
The first production Su-35 of the second generation - Su-35S board No. 01 black. Tests, Ramenskoye, first half of July 2012 (photo - Sergey Lysenko, http://russianplanes.net/id81122).
- 2012 December 6 - a photo report was published on the KnAAPO website with Su-35S aircraft, board No. 06 red and, apparently, aircraft serial No. 01-06 - i.e. with the fifth and sixth production Su-35S. Judging by the report, as of the date of publication, the planes had already made their first flight at the Dzemgi airfield. According to the message, in December 2012 the aircraft will be transferred to the Air Force and will arrive at the 4th Chkalov Air Force BP&PLS Center in Lipetsk. Also, by the end of 2012, three more Su-35S are expected to be ready.
Su-35S board No. 06 red serial No. 01-05 and, probably, Su-35S serial No. 01-06. KnAAPO Dzemgi airfield, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, publication 12/06/2012 (http://www.knaapo.ru).
Su-35S board No. 06 red serial No. 01-05. KnAAPO Dzemgi airfield, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, publication 12/06/2012 (http://www.knaapo.ru).
- 2012 December 28 - the Sukhoi company with KnAAPO transferred 6 Su-35S built in 2012 to the Russian Air Force. At the beginning of the year, 2 aircraft built within the framework of the State Defense Order-2011 were transferred. It was planned to deliver 8 new aircraft to the Air Force in 2012, therefore 2 more Su-35S are waiting for the Air Force to be transferred to KnAAPO or have not been built ().
January 10, 2013 - The media report that within the framework of the State Defense Order 2013 it is planned to supply the Air Force with 12 Su-35S. Thus, under the contract for the supply of 48 Su-35S, 21 aircraft will be delivered to the Air Force by the end of 2015 ().
2013 January 15-20 - at KnAAPO in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, personnel of the State Flight Test Center named after. V.P. Chkalova (GLITs) in Akhtubinsk is accepting 6 Su-35S aircraft before ferrying to Akhtubinsk. and the GLITs base will conduct ground and flight tests to test the functioning of the information and control system, communications, navigation complex, fighter radar system, as well as weapons systems at the center's training ground. Later, GLITs specialists will develop methods for their combat use. Then the tested vehicles will be transferred to the State Center for Aviation Personnel Training and Military Testing of the Russian Ministry of Defense (Lipetsk). .
Su-35S aircraft, board No. 09 red and board No. 12 red at Shagol airbase / Chelyabinsk during a ferry from KnAAPO, February 8, 2013 (photo - ilius, http://forum.keypublishing.com).
- 2013 February 13 - photos of two Su-35S aircraft that arrived at the LII airfield in Ramenskoye were published for the first time. The planes apparently arrived before February 13th. Side numbers 06 and 08 are red. Aircraft produced in 2012 flew to Ramenskoye from Akhtubinsk to participate in the State Test program ().
Su-35S board No. 06 red in Ramenskoye, 02/13/2013 (photo - Vyacheslav Babaevsky, http://russianplanes.net).
Su-35S board No. 08 red in Ramenskoye, 02/13/2013 (photo - Vyacheslav Babaevsky, http://russianplanes.net).
Su-35S board No. 07, red serial No. 01-06, manufactured in 2012. Kubinka Air Base, 06/04/2013 (photo - Vitaly Yurtaev, http://russianplanes.net/id110557).
- 2013 June 17-23 - Su-35S board No. 07 red took part in the air show in Le Bourget, France. The demonstration flight was performed by test pilot Hero of the Russian Federation Sergei Bogdan.
Demonstration flight of Su-35S board No. 07 red at the air show in Le Bourget, June 17-23, 2013 (photo - Marina Lystseva, http://fotografersha.livejournal.com).
- 2013 July 10 - Deputy Minister of Defense of Russia Yuri Borisov told the media that in the next three years the MiG-35 and Su-35 will begin to enter the country's Air Force en masse, but for now "there are problems with completing state tests of these models" ().
Su-35S with number 01514 in the final assembly shop of KnAAPO, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, publication 10/05/2013 (photo - Elena Peteshova, http://www.rg.ru/).
Two Su-35S in the assembly shop of KnAAPO, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, publication 10/05/2013 (photo - Elena Peteshova, http://www.rg.ru/).
Su-35S with number 01413 in the final assembly shop of KnAAPO, Komsomolsk-on-Amur, publication 10/05/2013 (photo - Elena Peteshova, http://www.rg.ru/).
Production chronology Su-35 (without aircraft for statistical testing):
| Year | Plan | Fact | Notes |
| under the USSR (until 1992) | 2 | prototypes | |
| 1992-1999 | 12 | Incl. 3 serial Su-35 | |
| 2000-2008 | 3 | ||
| 2009 | 1 | 04/26/2009 crashed while jogging | |
| 2010 | 1 | 0 | |
| 2011 | 2 | 1 | The first production Su-35S and the first and only GOZ-2010 aircraft |
| 2012 | 7 | 8 | 2 GOZ-2011 aircraft, 6 Su-35S built in 2012 were transferred (December 28, 2012), the transfer of one aircraft was postponed to 2013. |
| 2013 | 12 | 12 | It is planned to deliver 12 Su-35S within the framework of the 2013 State Defense Order. 1 GOZ-2012 aircraft was delivered in January-February 2013. On December 25, 2013, it was stated that the plan for the delivery of 12 aircraft in 2013 was completed (). In fact, 12 Su-35S GOZ-2013 were transferred on 02/12/2014 to 23 IAP, Dzemgi airfield (Komsomolsk-on-Amur,). |
| 2014 | 12 46* | Forecast - 12 Su-35S. According to M. Poghosyan, he said at the Singapore Air Show that 46 Su-35S will be produced in 2014, and 51 aircraft in 2015. |
|
| 2015 | 14 51* | Forecast - 14 Su-35S (total 48 under contract) |
Su-35 registry(as of 10/12/2013):
| №pp | Name | Ser.No. | Board No. | First flight | Note |
| 00 | T-10M-0 | 10-01? | - | - | Built from scratch, the aircraft was designed for static testing. |
| 01 | T-10M-1 / Su-27M | 16-02 | 701 | 07/28/1988 | Built by experimental production of the Sukhoi Design Bureau on the basis of the serial Su-27 (T-10-34, serial No. 16-02, manufactured in 1986), the shape of the Su-27 fins was preserved, the landing gear with a single-wheeled nose gear. In the second half of the 1990s, it was transferred to the Air Force Museum in Monino. |
| 02 | T-10M-2 / Su-27M | 20-10 | 702 | 01/18/1989 | Built by experimental production of the Sukhoi Design Bureau on the basis of the serial Su-27 (T-10-38, serial No. 20-10, manufactured in 1987), a prototype. The shape of the Su-27 fins has been preserved, the landing gear has a single-wheel front support. |
| 03 | T-10M-3 / Su-35 | 10-02 or 11-01? | 703 / 1 | 04/01/1992 | The first pre-production sample produced "from scratch" by KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). In 1992, under the name Su-35, it took part in the Farnborough Air Show with a container of the TIALD thermal imaging and laser target designation system of the British company Ferranti. In 1993, presented at the first MAKS air show. In July 2003, it was transferred to the Russian Knights aerobatic team and assigned to aircraft No. 1. |
| 04 | T-10M-4 / Su-27M | 12-01 (?) | 704 | 1992? | Built "from scratch" by KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur), an aircraft for static tests. |
| 05 | T-10M-5 / Su-27M | 21-05 | 705 | 1992? | Created at KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur) on the basis of the serial Su-27 (serial number 21-05). |
| 06 | T-10M-6 / Su-27M | 24-01 | 706 | 1992 | Created on the basis of the serial Su-27 (T-10-40, serial No. 24-01, manufactured in 1988), a prototype produced by KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur) - according to Ilyin - was built by the pilot production of the Sukhoi Design Bureau. The shape of the Su-27 fins has been preserved, the landing gear has a single-wheel front support. In February 1992, in Machulishchi, he participated in a demonstration to the ministers of defense of the CIS countries. Since 1992, the aircraft has participated in testing the N011 radar and the new EDSU. |
| 07 | T-10M-7 / Su-27M | 29-20 | 707 | 1992? | Created at KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur) on the basis of the serial Su-27 (serial number 29-20). |
| 08 | T-10M-9 / Su-35 | 11-01? | 709 | 1993? | Created at KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). Pre-production copy, identical to T-10M-8 |
| 09 | T-10M-10 / Su-35 | 11-02? 79871011002 | 710 | 1993? | Created at KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). Pre-production copy, identical to T-10M-8. The aircraft has participated in testing of the Izdeliye 177S engine for the second generation Su-35 and for the aircraft since March 2004. In July 2012, it participates in the test program (Ramenskoye). |
| 10 | T-10M-8 / Su-35 | 11-03? | 708 | 1993-1994? | Pre-production copy produced by KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur) - standard for production aircraft. The aircraft entered testing after the T-10M-9 and T-10M-10 aircraft. - November 2012 - spotted on the LII airfield in Ramenskoye. |
| 11 | T-10M-11 / Su-35 / Su-37 | 11-04? | 711 | 1994 | Created at KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). Pre-production copy, identical to T-10M-8. The aircraft is prepared to participate in the UAE Air Force tender. Later used for testing thrust vectoring engines and received the name Su-37- first flight with such engines on April 2, 1996 (pilot - Evgeny Frolov). He took part in the air shows in Farnborough in 1996, in Le Bourget in 1997, in the MAKS-1997 air show, and in various air shows. In 2001, conventional AL-31F engines were installed on the aircraft, the control system and cockpit display were changed. On December 19, 2002, the plane crashed 80 km from the Ramenskoye airfield due to the failure of the electric propulsion system (pilot - Yuri Vashchuk - ejected). |
| 12 | T-10M-12 / Su-35 | 11-05? | 712 / 2 | 1994-1995? | Created at KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). Pre-production copy, identical to T-10M-8. The plane was supposed to test a modernized radar and a new cockpit on color LCD screens. In July 2003, aircraft No. 2 was assigned to the Russian Knights aerobatic team. |
| 13 | Su-35 | 12-02 | 86 / 3 | 1995 | Serial, in 1996 transferred to GLITs in Akhtubinsk. In July 2003, it was transferred to the Russian Knights aerobatic team and assigned to board number 3. |
| 14 | Su-35 | 12-03 | 87 / 4 | 1995 | Serial, in 1996 transferred to GLITs in Akhtubinsk. In July 2003, it was transferred to the Russian Knights aerobatic team and assigned to board number 4. |
| 15 | Su-35 | 12-04 | 88 / 5 | 1995 | Serial, in 1996 transferred to GLITs in Akhtubinsk. In July 2003, it was transferred to the Russian Knights aerobatic team and assigned to aircraft No. 5. |
| 16 | T-10UBM / Su-35UB | 801 | 2000 | Created on the basis of the serial two-seat Su-30MKK, creation and production - KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). The first flight in 2000 was made by test pilot Yuri Voshchuk. The plane was used during the filming of the film "Mirror Wars. The First Reflection." As of 2009, the aircraft was at KnAAPO. |
|
| 17 | Su-35 / T-10BM | 901 | 02/19/2008 | First flight prototype. The aircraft was built at KnAAPO in the summer of 2007. First flight - Gromov Flight Research Institute (pilot - test pilot S.L. Bogdan), Ramenskoye airfield. The shape of the vertical fins is close to the shape of the Su-27 fins; there is no PGO. The aircraft is equipped with a mass-dimension radar mock-up. On August 15, 2011, the aircraft was transferred to the GSI program. March 2012 - Ramenskoye. |
|
| 18 | Su-35 / T-10BM | 902 | 02.10.2008 | Second flight prototype. First flight - Dzemgi airfield, Komsomolsk-on-Amur (pilot - test pilot S.L. Bogdan). The shape of the vertical fins is close to the shape of the Su-27 fins. The aircraft is equipped with a prototype of the Irbis radar; for a long time the radar was inoperative. On August 15, 2011, the aircraft was transferred to the GSI program. | |
| 19 | Su-35 / T-10BM | 903 | - | Aircraft for static testing. The media reported that by the end of March 2009, static tests were largely completed. There is another aircraft in SibNIIA, Novosibirsk (Su-30, autumn 2011). |
|
| 20 | Su-35 / T-10BM | -03 | 904 | - | The failed third flight prototype of the Su-35BM. On April 26, 2009 the plane crashed during a high-speed run at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur due to a failure of the engine control system. The pilot, Evgeny Frolov, ejected. The aircraft is equipped with a radar. |
| 21 | Su-35S | 01-01 | 01 black | plan - October-December 2010 05/03/2011 | The first production Su-35S. Production KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). The first flight took place at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, pilot - Sergey Bogdan. During the tests, it was noted that the aircraft was not equipped with a gun. The first aircraft of the project with complete avionics. - On May 27-28, 2011, the plane flew to Akhtubinsk. - On August 15, 2011, the aircraft was transferred to the GSI program. - 2012 - Ramenskoye, tests. - February 2013 - tests in Ramenskoye, incl. with KAB-1500L. |
| 22 | Su-35S | 01-02 | 02 red | 02.12.2011 | Second production Su-35S. Production KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). The first flight took place at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur, pilot - Sergey Bogdan. |
| 23 | Su-35S | 01-03 | 03 | 01/17/2012 | Third production Su-35S. Production KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). Aircraft GOZ-2011. The first flight took place at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur (pilot - test pilot Taras Artsebarsky). |
| 24 | Su-35S | 01-04 | 04 red | 02/19/2012 | Fourth production Su-35S. First flight - test pilot T.A. Artsebarsky. Aircraft GOZ-2011 - March 2012 - the aircraft was transferred to the GSI program. - April 2012 - Ramenskoye - February 2013 - Ramenskoye, tests with X-31 missiles. |
| 25 | Su-35S | 01-05 | 05 red | October 2012 | Fifth production Su-35S. No. 1 State Defense Order-2012. Production KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). The first flight took place at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur no later than December 6, 2012 (publication of a photo report). - 12/06/2012 aircraft in Russian Air Force livery with tail number. |
| 26 | Su-35S | 01-06 | 06 red | October 2012 | Sixth production Su-35S. No. 2 State Defense Order-2012. Production KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). The first flight took place at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur no later than 12/06/2012. By 12/06/2012 the aircraft was in the livery of the Russian Air Force with a tail number. - 12/28/2012 transferred to the Air Force among 6 Su-35S built in 2012. |
| 27 | Su-35S | 01-06 | 07 red | October 2012 | Seventh serial Su-35S. No. 3 State Defense Order-2012. Production KnAAPO (Komsomolsk-on-Amur). The first flight took place at the Dzemgi airfield in Komsomolsk-on-Amur no later than December 6, 2012. - 12/28/2012 transferred to the Air Force among 6 Su-35S built in 2012. - 01/27/2013 - Shagol, intermediate landing. |
| 28 | Su-35S | 01-07 | 08 red | until December 2012 | Our forecast (February 2012) is 6 production Su-35S in 2012. Aircraft No. 03 belongs to the 2011 plan No. 4 of the State Defense Order-2012. - 12/28/2012 transferred to the Air Force among 6 Su-35S built in 2012. - 01/27/2013 - Shagol, intermediate landing. - 02/13/2013 spotted in Ramenskoye, where it flew from Akhtubinsk. |
| 29 30 31 | Su-35S | 01-08 01-09 01-11 | 09 red 11 red 12 red | no later than December 2012 | No. 5-7 State Defense Order-2012. - 12/28/2012 transferred to the Air Force among 6 Su-35S built in 2012 + 2 transferred in 2013 (presumably) - 02/08/2013 - Shagol airbase spotted Su-35S board No. 09, 11 and 12. |
| 32 | Su-35S | 01-10 | 10 red | no later than January 2013 | ? |
| 33 34 35 36 | Su-35S | 014-12 014-13 015-14 015-15 | 2013 | Presumably in assembly and on the LIS of KnAAPO as of the beginning of October 2013. Aircraft No. 12 is apparently on the LIS, No. 13 and No. 14 in final assembly, No. 15 in modular assembly (). |
Export:
Brazil:
- 2002 - Su-35 took part in the first round of the tender for the supply of 24 fighters to the Brazilian Air Force.
- 2004 - Su-35 dropped out of the tender. The tender did not take place.
- 2008 - The Brazilian Air Force announced a new F-X2 tender for the supply of 36 fighters with the organization of licensed production. The Su-35 took part in the tender, but dropped out after losing to the F/A-18, Rafale and JAS-39 Gripen.
China:
- 2008 - during the Airshow China aerospace salon, interest was first shown in the supply of Su-35 to China.
2012 March 6 - information appeared in the media that Russia is ready to supply 48 Su-35s to China for an amount of 4 billion USD, provided that China refuses to copy Russian aircraft. It was later reported that the parties had not reached an agreement.
November 20, 2012 - The media report the conclusion of a deal to supply China with 24 Su-35 aircraft worth more than 1.5 billion USD. Deliveries of the aircraft will likely begin after 2015, and the contract will be signed during 2013-2014. Representatives of Rosoboronexport and the Sukhoi company refused to comment on this information.
2013 June 17 - Media, citing Deputy General Director of Rosoboronexport Alexander Mikheev, report that Russia and China are conducting technical negotiations on the supply of Su-35 aircraft to China. The agreement is expected to be concluded by the end of 2013.
November 19, 2015 - it is reported that a contract has been signed for the supply of 24 Su-35 fighters to China in the amount of about 2 billion USD (). Later it was reported that the aircraft will be supplied in a basic configuration corresponding to the modification of the Su-35S for the Russian Air Force. The aircraft will be delivered in 2016, the duration of the contract is 3 years ().
DPRK:
- 2015 January 09 - The media report that the DPRK approached Russia in November 2014 with a request to supply the Su-35.
Libya:
- 2008 April 16 - Media report that a contract for the supply of 12 Su-35S was signed in Tripoli. In fact, an agreement on military-technical cooperation was signed.
- October 2009 - the signing of a contract for the supply of 12-15 Su-35S is being discussed.
- 2010 January 29 - a contract for the supply of weapons worth 1 billion USD was signed. It is possible that the contract included the supply of 12 Su-35S. Some media mention the number 15.
- 2011 February 27 - Interfax reports that the contract for the supply of Su-35S in the amount of 800 million USD has been fully agreed upon and is ready for signing.
South Korea:
- 2001 November 1 - the program of evaluation demonstration flights conducted by South Korean Air Force pilots on the Su-35UB in Zhukovsky was completed.
- 2002 March 27 - announced the refusal to purchase the Su-35 along with the European Typhoon. In total, it was planned to purchase 40 aircraft.
Sources:
Aviation forum AVIAFORUM.RU. Website http://aviaforum.ru, 2009
Wikipedia is a free encyclopedia. Website http://ru.wikipedia.org, 2011
Second production Su-35. Website http://bmpd.livejournal.com, 2011
The second production Su-35S flew over Komsomolsk-on-Amur for the first time. Website http://vz.ru, 2011
Ilyin V. Russian combat aircraft of the XXI century. M., Astrel, AST, 2000
KnAAPO. Website http://www.knaapo.ru, 2011
The Sukhoi company has begun flight testing of the third production Su-35S fighter. Website http://www.sukhoi.org, 01/17/2012
Lenta.ru. 2001-2012
Su-35. Website "Corner of the Sky" - http://www.airwar.ru, 2011
Sukhoi is promoting the Su-35 to the markets of Latin America http://www.aviaport.ru, 2012
Fomin A. Su-35 - one step away from the fifth generation. // Takeoff No. 8-9 / 2007
Site forum
A metal hurricane endowed with exceptional combat power and innovative information and control systems. A car that can break the sound barrier without turning on the afterburner. A gallant warrior, capable of simultaneously attacking up to eight air targets, and is the flagship of Russian strike air divisions. All this is a multi-role modern fighter - Su35S.
The front-line aviation of the Russian Air Force has a number of modern fighters at its disposal. These are the MiG-29, MiG-31, Su-27 and Su-30 SM that have earned worldwide recognition. Each of them is capable of effectively performing combat missions in modern conditions. But the fourth generation Su-35S++ aircraft occupies a special place in the Russian Air Force fleet.
The history of the creation of generation 4++
The base model for the creation of the fourth generation +/+ aircraft became a multi-purpose aircraft.
The airframe of this model showed excellent flight qualities and had significant reserves for modernization, which led to the creation of a new aircraft based on it.
The designers consistently solved the following problems:
- deep modernization of the airframe;
- automated tail control;
- active safety system;
- super maneuverability;
- multifunctionality.
It was decided to leave much of the useful equipment of the Su-27. However, serious modernization could not be avoided. The first quarter of 2006 was marked by the start of work on the first batch of prototypes. Su-35 fighters began their journey in the city of Komsomolsk-on-Amur at the aviation enterprise named after Yu. A. Gagarin. This organization is a branch of the Sukhoi company.
According to the designers' plan, flight tests were to begin by mid-2007. The scheduled date for test flights was violated for good reasons and had to be extended until 2008. The forced postponement did not prevent the Su-35S from being shown without flights at the MAKS-2007 international air show.
The first flight and the first contract for the purchase of the newest fighter
The first prototype took off in mid-February 2008. The Su-35 was piloted by test pilot Sergei Bogdan, showing good results and aerobatics.
The next day, February 20, the newest fighter was demonstrated for the first time to the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin in the town of Zhukovsky near Moscow.
By the autumn of the same year, the second prototype of the Su-35 was manufactured at KnAPO and on October 2 it made its first flight in the Far Eastern skies.
During seven months of testing, the second prototype made more than 100 test flights.
At the MAKS-2009 air show, traditionally held in the town of Zhukovsky near Moscow, a contract was signed between the military departments and the Sukhoi enterprise for the supply of 48 new-generation Su-35 aircraft from 2012 to 2015. If the supply contract was completed on time, the parties considered concluding a repeat similar contract from 2015 to 2020.
Preliminary tests were completed a year later, and mass production began in 2010. The first Su-35S fighters saw the light of the third of May and the second of December 2011. The letter C was added to the name of the aircraft, meaning serial production.
According to the contract, by 2013 the Russian Ministry of Defense received 22 of the 48 ordered fighters. Taking into account the fulfilled obligations of the Sukhoi aircraft industrial enterprise under the first agreement and the second similar contract, by 2016 more than 65 Su-35S aircraft had been accepted into service.
Design and latest technology
The appearance of the Su-35 fighter is impressive and aesthetic. It has a swift predator-like shape with outstretched wings, a muscular neck and two vertical tail "fins" on which rotating steering panels are mounted.
Additionally, a front horizontal tail was installed, which improved the aircraft's controllability. For the airframe, the developments of the Su-27K, a fighter designed for operation on aircraft-carrying ships, were used. The case is made of titanium and aluminum.
The landing gear was strengthened and the suspension acquired additional reliable elements.
The cockpit is equipped with a K36 ejection seat.
The nose is equipped with an air flow receiver in the form of a spear, which is attached to the nose cone covering the radar. The vertical tail area has been increased to improve stability and maneuverability. The rear gargrot had to be increased in diameter, since modern equipment took up more volume than the previous one.
The drogue parachute also changed its location; it is now located at the top of the fuselage, forward of the fuel tank. The classified coating of the airframe in the form of spraying (Stealth technology) significantly reduces the radar and thermal signature of the aircraft.
Engines
The Su-35 aircraft is equipped with two AL-41F1S aircraft engines with UVT thrust vector control. The dual-circuit design of the turbojet power plant has high reliability and thrust. These models of aero engines serve as prototypes for fifth-generation fighters, after appropriate modernization. Afterburner and non-afterburner thrust are reduced so as not to reduce the working life.
Supersonic speed is achieved without switching to afterburner mode. The service life of aircraft engines is 4000 hours, scheduled maintenance is carried out every 1000 hours. The twin-engine power plant is controlled in electronic-mechanical mode.
Avionics
Su-35S fighters are equipped with the N035 Irbis radar system, which easily detects a target at a distance of 400 km. The design is complemented by an optical location station and OEIS. The instrument panel in the cockpit consists of two LCD screens. For greater pilot concentration, a holographic projection is displayed on the windshield.
Modern equipment with a weapon control and use system consists of:
- optoelectronic system;
- functional radar;
- electronic control.
Multi-mode radar with anti-jamming capability allows you to automatically switch to combat mode to attack ground targets. The system is also capable of detecting and tracking an air target at a distance of 400-450 km, and objects on the ground from 200 to 250 km.
The combat equipment of the Su-35 remains exclusive among similar fighters around the world and is capable of hitting:
- marine;
- ground;
- air targets.
Performance characteristics in comparison with analogues
The table shows: basic description, features, technical specifications.
| Fighter modifications | Su35/T10M | Su35B / T10BM / Su35S |
|---|---|---|
| Hull length, m | 22,18 | 21,95 |
| Wingspan, m | 14,71 | 14,76 |
| Aircraft height, m | 6,36 / 6,44 | 5,93 |
| Actual wing area, sq/m | 62,05 | 62,3 |
| Wing sweep, degree | 41,97 | 41,97 | 414,50 | 409,90 |
| 547,50 | 610,90 | |
| Thrust-to-weight ratio average T/W | 0,98 | 1,15 |
| Maximum thrust-to-weight ratio T/W | 0,75 | 0,77 |
| Maximum take-off weight, kg | 33990 | 34495 |
| Average take-off weight, kg | 24690 | 25320 (R-77 and R-73 missiles, 2 each) |
| Weight without load, kg | 18410 | 19050 |
| Fuel mass with external tanks, kg | 14295 | 14295 |
| Fuel mass without external tanks, kg | 10252 | 11520 |
| 8100 | 8100 | |
| Maximum speed at altitude, km/h -Max | 2500 / 2.35 | 2500 / 2.35 |
| Maximum ground speed km/h - Max | 1400 / 1.17 | 1400 / 1.17 (at an altitude of 200 m, recorded by the State Survey in 2011) |
| Maximum speed without afterburner, km/h - Max | 1300 / 1.1 | exceeding 1300 (exceeding 1.1) on the first prototype T10BM |
| Cruising speed, km/h - Max | 810-970 / 0.74-0.9 | |
| Maximum flight range with one refueling, km | 6350 | |
| Maximum flight range with external fuel tanks, km | 4530 | 4530 |
| Maximum flight range without external tanks, km | 3390 | 3610 (cruising speed) |
| Flight distance near the ground at a speed of Mach 0.7, km | 1590 | |
| Combat radius, km | 1650 | |
| Practical ceiling, m | 18100 | 18100 / 19100 (recorded at the first stage of the State Survey in 2011) |
| Rate of climb, m/s | 300 | 300 |
| Acceleration at an altitude of 1000 m with 50% fuel remaining, km/h -seconds | 590-1150 in 13.9 s | 590 - 1150 in 13.9 s 1150 -1350 in 8 s |
| Maximum operational overload, G | 9 | |
| Estimated EPR area | 0.5-2 sq.m | |
| Run, m | 390-450 | 400-450 m (average take-off weight, full afterburner) |
| Landing distance, m | 650-700 | 650-700 (using a drogue parachute and at medium weight) |
Baptism of fire
2016 became a responsible year for the Russian Aerospace Forces, as official tasks were assigned in Syria. To carry them out, the latest Su-35S aircraft were sent there. Aircraft are based at the Khmeimim airbase. The Russian airbase is located in a combat zone and aircraft are constantly in the air performing patrol, cover and reconnaissance operations.
The main task of the Sushki was to provide escort and air cover for other transport and military aircraft. The Russian Ministry of Defense noted that when a pair of Su-35s were positioned “in a counter-movement”, visibility reached 360 degrees within a radius of 200 km around.
The appearance of a new generation of Russian aircraft in the Syrian skies aroused genuine interest among military attaches of foreign countries. There were attempts to compare the Russian Su fighter and the American F-15 F/A-18 aircraft by foreign experts, which led to disappointing conclusions for US experts.
The Ministry of Defense, after a year of combat duty of the new aircraft in Syria, stated that the Su-35S fully corresponds to the declared characteristics and is superior to most foreign analogues, such as the F-22 Raptor, which belongs to the fifth generation. On November 23, 2017, the pair carried out a combat mission to cover ground troops. At this time, an F-22 Raptor appeared in the immediate vicinity of the attack aircraft.
Which simulated an attack, released heat traps and maneuvered dangerously close to the VKS aircraft. Duty vehicles were scrambled from the air base. The speed of the Su-35S fighter made it possible to quickly reach the scene of the incident.
When approached, he returned to base, stopping provocative actions.
Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu officially announced that the military operation in Syria once again confirmed the high qualifications of Russian aviation.
Foreign military personnel, journalists and ordinary people first saw the pride of Russian aviation, the Su-35S aircraft, at the international air show in Le Bourget. Everyone was looking forward to the demonstration flight of the newest fighter.
The same Sergei Bogdan, Hero of Russia, was assigned to pilot the plane. The Russian fighter demonstrated aerobatic maneuvers, but when it repeatedly performed a “pancake” - this is a turn of the aircraft almost on the spot with a radius of 360 degrees without loss of altitude, visitors to the air show gasped with delight. There is no aircraft in the world that could perform such a task.
French engineer Christian Kunowski said: “This is not a fighter jet, but a UFO! I cried with delight for the first time in my life.” Adding that the Russian car is capable of more in comparison with the Mirage. Thus, combat vehicles won the hearts of foreigners on the Cote d'Azur.
Prospects for modernization
Considering the prospects for the active development of the global aircraft industry, we can reasonably assume that the current appearance of the Su-35S is most likely not the last.
Almost all fourth-generation Western-made fighters have undergone modernization to replace radar stations with modern analogues and multifunctional phased array antennas. Thus, the latest radars and AFAR increase the efficiency of finding a target and divide them by the number of accompanying aircraft.
An interesting idea is being considered to install functional radar blockers in the air intake, and install additional weapons between the air channels. The AL-41F1S engine used is ready to move into the fifth generation with minor modifications. The prospects for the Su-35S are very enviable; in addition to the domestic market, it is of undisguised interest among potential buyers abroad.
Video
The Su-35 is a 4++ generation fighter, which is currently the most modern aircraft in the Russian Air Force. It is a deep modernization of the Su-27 fighter, produced back in Soviet times. Today we will get acquainted with the history and flight performance characteristics of the Su-35 aircraft, the leading fighter of Russian aviation.
Generation
The “4++” generation, to which the hero of our conversation belongs, is a conventional concept designed to emphasize the fact that the technical characteristics of the SU-35 are very close to the parameters of the 5th generation aircraft. The car satisfies most of the requirements for models of this generation, but is still slightly inferior to them.
Making an airplane
Before reading the description and technical characteristics of the Su-35, it is worth taking a short historical excursion. Work on the production of the pilot batch of the Su-35 aircraft began in 2006. Large-scale flight tests were planned for the next year, but they took place only in 2008. By the summer of 2007 at KnAAPO im. Gagarin completed the assembly of the pilot model, after which he went to the MAKS-2007 air show.
The fighter made its first flight on February 19, 2008 at the Flight Research Institute named after. Gromova. On that day, the Su-35 was piloted by Sergei Bogdan. The next day, while visiting the city of Zhukovsky, the President of the Russian Federation got acquainted with the new fighter.
The aircraft performed its first demonstration flight in Zhukovsky in mid-summer 2008. On October 2, 2008, the second copy took off from the KnAAPO airfield. By March 2009, the new aircraft had made hundreds of flights.
First contracts
As part of the MAKS-2009 exhibition, the largest contract in the Russian Federation over the past few decades for the purchase of new fighter aircraft was signed. According to the agreement, in the period from 2012 to 2015, the manufacturer was to supply 48 Su-35 aircraft. It was assumed that such a contract would be concluded for 2015-2020. In 2010, the Sukhoi company successfully completed a series of preliminary tests of the fighter. After being convinced of the excellent technical characteristics of the Su-35, it was put into production. On May 3, 2011, the first production model took to the skies. Then the index “C” began to be added to the name of the aircraft.
By the end of 2012, the Russian Ministry of Defense received six copies of the fighter. By the beginning of 2016, 48 aircraft had already been built. At the end of 2015, a second contract was signed with the Russian Defense Ministry, according to which the manufacturer must supply another 50 units of equipment to the Air Force by the beginning of 2020. The technical characteristics of the Su-35 airframe were also appreciated abroad - in parallel with the Russian order, aircraft are being manufactured for export: 12 for Indonesia and 24 for China.
Purpose of the fighter
The Su-35S multirole fighter is designed for:
- Delivering a pre-emptive strike against enemy air targets, including low-visibility ones.
- Attacks against sea or ground targets without entering the air defense zone.
- Participation in group actions to attack ground or air targets.
- Flight at low altitudes, avoiding obstacles.
- Accompanying air targets.
- Performing tasks under conditions of deliberate interference.
- Detection of standard ground and air targets from a distance of up to 200 km, as well as large air targets with an image intensifier - from a distance of up to 400 km.
Grade
According to the National Interest (USA), the Su-35 is first on the list of the most dangerous weapons in the Russian Federation. The publication's experts recognized the fighter as dangerous for all aircraft in NATO service, with the exception of the F-22 fighter. According to them, the danger of the Russian fighter is primarily associated with the large load of long-range air-to-air missiles, the ability to launch missiles at supersonic speed, powerful radar warfare capabilities and excellent maneuverability.
Design
The fighter is designed according to a normal aerodynamic design with an integral layout. The trapezoidal wing, located in the middle, is equipped with beads and, mating with the fuselage, forms a solid supporting body. Two bypass turbojet power plants, with afterburners, are placed in separate engine nacelles, which are installed under the aircraft body at such a distance from each other that a pair of guided missiles can be placed between them. In addition, “clearance” between the engine nacelles is necessary to avoid their aerodynamic influence on each other. Adjustable air intakes are located under the center section. The chassis fairings extend into the rear beams, which act as platforms for the vertical and horizontal tail consoles, as well as under-beam ridges.
The tactical and technical characteristics of the Su-35S make it stand out among other Russian Air Force fighters. The Su-35 implemented aerodynamic innovations that were developed for the deck modification of the Su-27K. Aluminum-lithium alloys and composite materials were widely used in the manufacture of the machine body. Compared to its predecessor, the hero of our conversation received reinforced landing gear and external suspension units, which are located under the wing. The fighter cockpit is equipped with an ejection seat model K-36, which has an increased amplitude of backrest tilt.
To accommodate the refueling system, reinforced front support and updated avionics, the designers developed an updated configuration of the fuselage head with side hatches and a larger radio-transparent radar radome. In order to maintain the stability and controllability of the aircraft with the new “head”, it was necessary to increase the area of the vertical tail and rudders. The diameter and length of the tail fairing have also increased. This is necessary for installing additional equipment. The drogue parachute was moved to the upper surface of the rear fuselage and positioned in front of the fuel tank.
Power point
The Su-35 fighter, the technical characteristics of which we are considering today, is equipped with a pair of double-circuit turbojet power plants of the AL-41F1S model. The engines have an afterburner and an all-angle controlled thrust vector. To increase the number of angles, the rotation axis of the deflectable nozzles was made inclined. These engines, in fact, are a simplified version of the AL-41F1 engine, developed for fifth-generation fighters.
The version used in the Su-35 is distinguished by reduced afterburning and non-afterburning thrust, as well as the presence of an electromechanical control system. In afterburner mode, the thrust of each engine is 14,500 kgf; without afterburner, the engine develops only 8,800 kgf. The engine power is sufficient for the fighter to reach supersonic speed without the use of afterburner.
The engines' service life between overhauls is 1000 hours, and the total service life is 4000 hours. The aircraft's auxiliary power unit uses a VGTD TA14-130-35 gas turbine engine with a power of 105 kW. It provides air conditioning for the aircraft's compartments and cabin, as well as power supply for onboard consumers.
On-board electronics
When considering the technical characteristics of the Su-35 aircraft, one cannot fail to mention the avionics. The Su-35 was equipped with a radar station (radar) with an NO35 Irbis antenna array.
The radar has the following characteristics:
- The diameter of the antenna array is 0.9 m.
- Viewing angle - 240°.
- Frequency range - 8-12 GHz.
- Maximum power - 20 kW.
- Normal power is 5 kW.
- Target detection range: 350-400 km on a collision course, 150 km on a catch-up course.
- Simultaneously detected: 30 air targets or 4 ground targets.
- Simultaneous firing: missiles with an active homing head - up to 8 targets, missiles with a semi-active head - up to 2.
In addition to the Irbis radar station, an OPS (optical radar station) is used. The aircraft can also be equipped with equipment for group electronic defense. The edges of the airframe and canopy received conductive spraying, designed to reduce the effective dispersion area. The cockpit is equipped with a holographic indicator and two LCD displays for multi-screen operation.
Technical characteristics of the Su-35
Main parameters of the Russian car:
- The length of the aircraft is 21.9 m.
- The height of the aircraft is 5.9 m.
- Wing span - 15.3 m.
- Wing area - 62 m2.
- Sweep angle - 42°.
- The landing gear type is tricycle, with a strut that retracts against the flight.
- The empty weight of the aircraft is 19 tons.
- Normal take-off weight - 25.3 tons.
- Maximum take-off weight - 34.5 tons.
- Fuel weight - 11.5 tons.
- Number of motors - 2.
- Engine type - turbofan with UVT.
- Maximum engine thrust is 8800 kgf.
- Engine thrust in afterburner is 14,500 kgf.
- Engine weight - 1.52 tons.
- Maximum speed: 1400 km/h - at the ground, 2500 km/h - at an altitude of more than 11 km.
- Flight range: 1580 km - near the ground, 3600 km - at high altitude.
- The practical ceiling is 20 km.
- Rate of climb - 280 m/s.
- Run-up - 450 m.
- Mileage - 650 m.
Armament
The armament of the Su-35 fighter consists of:
- 30-mm air cannon GSh-30-1 (150 rounds).
- 16 medium-range air-to-air missiles (6 R-27ER or R-27T models, and 10 RVV-AE models).
- 6 short-range air-to-air missiles model R-73.
- 6 X-31 model air-to-surface anti-ship missiles or two X-59M models.
- 12 high-precision air-to-ground munitions (six Kh-29T models and the same number of KAB-200 models).
- 6 unguided air-to-ground munitions model S-25.
- 6 blocks of B-8 launchers, designed for 7-20 S-8 model missiles.
At the moment, the armament of the Su-35 fighter has no analogues in terms of the breadth of its range for working against ground, sea and air enemy targets. On an external sling, the aircraft can carry up to 14 missiles. They are installed under the fuselage, on engine nacelles and on wing hardpoints.
F-35 vs Su-35
The technical characteristics of fighters in service have always been proof of the military power of the state. Comparing the consequences of a collision between combat aircraft representing the armies of different countries of the world is speculative, but it cannot be avoided, because it is competition that spurs designers to create more modern machines. If we compare the Su-35 with other representatives of the “4+” or “4++” generation, be it the American F family (16th and 18th models) or the French Rafale, then in terms of the main number of “passport” data, the superiority of the Russian aircraft undeniable.
A worthy opponent for the Su-35 is the F-35, a fifth-generation American aircraft designed as a cheaper version of the uncompromising F-22. Experts have repeatedly noted that the Russian fighter is superior to the American fighter in terms of flight range, armament, speed, maneuverability and, finally, price. But there is one important nuance here.
The fact is that comparing the Su-35 with the competitors listed above is absolutely incorrect, since the Russian machine belongs to the “heavy fighters” according to the domestic classification and “air superiority fighters” according to the Western one. As for the F-16 and F-18 and Rafale vehicles, they fall under the Russian class of “light” or “medium” fighters, and in the NATO classification they are called “multi-role fighters” or “bombers”. Therefore, these machines need to be compared with the Russian Mig-29 aircraft. Well, the F-35 fighter should not be compared with the Su-35 at all, since it belongs not only to a different class, but also to a different generation.
Thus, it would be most correct to compare the tactical and technical characteristics of the Su-35 with the parameters of the American F-22. Although this is not entirely correct due to the difference in generations (after all, “4++” is not 5). However, in this field the Russian car would have lost the championship, which is quite logical. Who can really compete with the F-22 is the Su-57 (T-50) aircraft - the first fifth-generation fighter of the Russian Federation, which is still at the testing stage.
Conclusion
Today we looked at the history and characteristics of the Su-35 fighter - the leading fighter of modern Russian aviation. Finally, it is worth noting that the car turned out to be really decent. It can compete with many foreign analogues and fully justifies its commitment to the so-called “4++” generation.
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