Organization of activities of the club association. Forms and methods of work of cultural institutions of the club type The concept of club and club activities

1. The concept of "club" and club activities.

2. The composition of the premises of the club and their purpose.

3. Life cycles of club activities

4. Classification of clubs.

5. Membership of clubs.

6. Organizational structure of the clubs.

1. The concept of "club" and club activities

Clubs are classified as enterprises in the hospitality industry and are considered as a direction of entrepreneurial activity from various points of view (motivation of people, business and possible career).

Club- uniting people with the same interests in a certain place.

The purpose of the clubs is to develop social activity, education, creativity and leisure activities - recreation and entertainment.

The club is run by creative professionals and administration.

Personnel requirements:

Possess pedagogical knowledge;

It is necessary to know some types of art.

The club is created with the aim of developing the social activity of its members, their creativity, enlightenment and raising the cultural level. Club visitors relax and have fun together. The club community is characterized by initiative, amateur performance, public opinion and consciousness.

The club establishes and develops interpersonal contacts, different in purpose, in the degree of regulation, depth, stability, duration and other characteristics. When people communicate, their social activity is manifested. The club acts as a leisure center.

The club is run by managers and specialists. The staff possesses pedagogical knowledge and is familiar with various types of art. In carrying out their functions, personnel are guided by the theory and methodology of organizing leisure activities, using methods and techniques for organizing human interaction. Various means of transmitting emotional information are used (live speech, texts, visual aids, various types of art). Club activities are always multifunctional.

There are complex and specialized clubs.

Complex clubs are designed to organize communication between people with a wide range of interests. The educational activities of such clubs, the development of creativity, the provision of cultural recreation and entertainment should take into account the interests of a heterogeneous composition of visitors.

Specialized clubs are aimed at a contingent of visitors with a narrower variation of interests. These can be people of the same profession, social group, age, etc. With the strengthening of one of the functions of activity, clubs * have the character of cultural and educational, recreation, communication, youth, environmental, physical culture and health, technical creativity and other specialization. In some cases, club activities can be combined with the organization of consumer services for the population.

2. The composition of the club's premises and their importance as a leisure center

Club facilities should be focused on a variety of leisure activities. A typical composition of the club's premises includes a spectator complex, a demonstration and club complexes, administrative and technical premises (Fig. 9)

The premises of the spectator complex include the lobby, foyer, and sanitary facilities. The demonstration complex is formed by an auditorium (halls) with a stage (or stage), premises for serving a concert or film screening. The club complex of premises form premises for lecture and information work, for the work of circles and studios, for recreation, entertainment, communication.

The auditorium of the club is designed for multipurpose use. It should transform quickly and relatively easily. The floor of the room should be flat at one level. Furniture should be mobile or stationary, but easily removable. It is advisable to have natural light in the hall.

The inner space of the club should be comfortable, cozy, conducive to communication. The individualized interior is designed to create a special club atmosphere.

The functional connections of the club premises are shown in Fig. nine.

Fig. 9 Composition of club premises

Evaluation of the effectiveness of functional links is carried out taking into account their obligation and intensity. So, coordination of the work of the hall with the foyer, lobby, living room, ballroom looks quite successful. The same scheme, but without connection with the ballroom, is considered unsuccessful. It is inappropriate to restrict communication between the ballroom and the foyer and the lobby. The links between the ballroom and the café, hall and living room are also essential.

The integrated use of premises in clubs is achieved by eliminating duplicate areas and premises that will be formed if a separate material and technical base is created for each of the activities (entertainment, play, educational, etc.). Some premises allow for multifunctional use. For example, vocal circles can be rehearsed in club rooms. It is also envisaged to combine adjacent premises of one purpose and use them for another type of activity (for example, combining two club premises for a theatrical show).

3. Life cycle of club activities

In small towns, as a rule, complex clubs are created. The degree of complexity of clubs is different and depends on the degree of integration of the activities carried out, on the area of \u200b\u200bthe premises, on the degree of flexibility and multifunctionality of their use. The smaller the settlement, the higher the complexity of the club.

The club within the city limits should be considered as an element of the formation of the city's public center. The integration of activities in it and its cooperation with the enterprise serving the population increases the quality of leisure activities and expands the possibilities of social contacts.

When analyzing club activities, the number of participants, the composition and number of interest groups, the degree of connection with leisure and recreation institutions, the frequency and place of meetings of participants, and the club space are studied. The socio-demographic structure of the participants is the distribution of persons depending on age, gender, marital status. Groups have their own value orientations, behavior models. General value orientations, interests, hobbies, sympathies allow us to speak about the presence of the social and psychological structure of the participants in the club. Other structuring of the members and the club is also possible, emphasizing various types of social relations - formation, development, then “withering away”. Of interest is the definition of the period of existence of the club movement.

Club activity is characterized by a number of features, can be considered in various aspects, therefore, it is possible to form many groups of indicators of the life cycle of the club movement. For example, with the obsolescence of the idea of \u200b\u200bforming a club, the attendance of events, the tightness of contacts, decreases. The club ceases to exist as an activity. The organizers of the club movement should be concerned not only with the question of the exhaustion of ideas driving the formation of the club movement. It is important to replace the aging movement with a new one. The cyclical nature of the development of the club movement is supported by the phenomenon of feedback: the functioning of the club generates new knowledge and the possibilities of using it to change an outdated idea. In general, the organization of a rational change of activity on the scale of the existing club premises leads to an increase in the efficiency of the club business.

Underestimation of the life cycle of the club movement in the USSR led to the opposition of the formally regulated activities of clubs and the informal movement. Each stage of the club movement requires special principles of organization, management methods. Not for all stages of development of the club movement it is necessary to provide a special room.

Club activities need forecasting. For forecasting, reliability is important - and from this position, the forecast should be developed according to the available data on the actual state of the club movement. At the same time, one should abstract from those tendencies that, very likely, will not be repeated in the future. On the other hand, given the variety of prospects for the development of the club movement, one should rely on those that, apparently, will come true. The future of the club movement is considered a natural result of previous development, but it is assessed in connection with such characteristics as "uncertainty", "search", "risk". It is advisable to single out the socio-psychological, cognitive, organizational, entertainment, recreational functions of club activities and predict their development.

4. Classification of clubs

The differences between clubs are characterized by two elements: the types of members and the goals of the association.

The traditional classification of clubs is subdivided into landscape and urban, taking their location as the basis for this division. Associated with this division is the size of the property administered by the clubs.

City clubs are not owners and operate in rented space. They tend to trade primarily in the catering industry, which limits their members' sporting opportunities.

The landscape clubs (sometimes called rural ones) are located in suburban areas where land is plentiful and not that expensive. Therefore, these clubs have the opportunity to offer a wide range of sporting events, both indoor and outdoor.

There are also good restaurants and small hotels with no more than 30 rooms.

Although this traditional classification covers most of the clubs, it does not include other clubs such as yacht clubs, tennis, military and various humanitarian associations of people.

Below is the classification in a more detailed form.

Country Clubs located in suburban or rural areas, they

generally well equipped for sports activities. This is usually golf, but some specialize in tennis and swimming. In addition, many clubs provide opportunities for their members to do something other than golf: horse riding, card games, aerobics, etc.

Almost all country houses have one or more lounges with comfortable chairs, sofas, and a restaurant. Many clubs have everything for organizing banquets. Often, guests pay for themselves and their guests at the end of the month. Banquet equipment is used during formal banquets and informal parties, dinners, dances, weddings. Some clubs charge an excessively high entry fee (up to $ 250,000 in some cases) in order to maintain the exclusivity of the establishment.

City clubs usually they are very efficient, can be very diverse in size premises, by focus, by the types of services offered. Some, especially those that have existed for many years, have their own premises, others have to rent. A club cannot exist if it cannot adapt to the tastes of its members. As mentioned, city clubs fall into the following categories:

Ø professional

Ø elite

Ø sports

Ø dining

Ø university

Ø military

Ø yacht clubs

Ø partnership

Ø corporate

Professional clubs , as it is already clear from the very people of one profession unite.

Elite clubs provide their members with the opportunity to communicate with each other. Members can be representatives of different professions, but more or less of the same socio - economic formation. Social clubs in many ways copy the famous London clubs, to which only true gentlemen could belong, and therefore it was considered bad form there to talk about business.

Sports clubs give townspeople the opportunity to swim, play tennis, etc. In some urban sports clubs, due to the lack of space, jogging tracks and sports grounds are located right on the roof of an indoor tennis court. Clubs typically have lounges, a bar and a restaurant where athletes can relax and mingle with each other. Some sports clubs even have rooms where you can take a nap.

Dining clubs are usually located in large office buildings. Membership is often offered to employees of other offices who rent premises in the same building. These clubs are usually open at lunchtime and sometimes in the evening.

University clubs are established, as a rule, by former graduates. They are usually located in upmarket areas of the city and offer their members a wide variety of entertainment, but the focus is on good food and drink.

IN military clubs both non-commissioned officers and officers are accepted. Like other types of clubs, they have everything you need to have a good rest and fun, as well as a drink and a snack. Although officers' clubs are located on the base, in recent years they have increasingly invited civilians to lead and serve the club.

the main task yacht club - keep in order the berth where the yachts of the club members. Yacht clubs have lounges, bars and a dining area, just like other clubs. The nautical theme, of course, dominates the design of yacht clubs, and this is what attracts new members: no matter what profession and social stratum they belong to, they all share a love of the sea.

Among friendly clubs there are very specific associations, for example, "Veterans of Foreign Wars" and "Losi", helping former comrades-in-arms and organizing charitable events in support of them. Although the clubs do not have such a variety of equipment for various types of recreation, decent bars and banquet rooms are usually available.

Corporate clubs focused on organizing not rest, but how much profit. They are usually owned by corporations. Individuals buy memberships, not property. These clubs became popular during the real estate boom of the 1970s and 1980s, when they managed to enter some housing projects. Residents paid a small entrance fee and monthly membership fees ranging from $ 30 to $ 50, for which the whole family received the opportunity to enjoy the benefits of the club.

There are also recreational clubs , whose main task is to help meet the needs of their members in the restoration of physical, psychological and intellectual strength, providing services for recreation and the opportunity to engage in physical education, sports, etc.

5. Club Membership

The motives for which people join clubs can also be classified as recreational and social, however. It is even more difficult to classify them than the clubs themselves.

This is due to the fact that each club has its own understanding of goals and objectives, which makes them different from each other. Even if a club can define its main goals as social, the members of such a club may have other goals.

If a landscape club considers itself to be recreational, as evidenced by the presence of a golf course, then some members may not play golf at all. They may just like the idea of \u200b\u200bbeing members of such a respectable and elite society. Differences in the motivation for participating in a club have an impact on the nature of membership.

Club members can have different rights in the club, which is determined by their level of membership. Membership in clubs is divided into:

1. Collective membership bought by firms for their executives or executive directors and their families. The owner of the ticket that gives the right to membership in the club is the corporation represented by its manager. Companies buy this membership in clubs as a privilege for their leaders, as well as for the purpose of representing the firm in numerous social organizations.

2. Complete membership gives the right to its members and their families to use the services of the club without restrictions. Some clubs have a limited number of full members, and granting a client full membership requires the consent of other members or a permitting committee.

3. Membership, limited what- or permitted activities... This membership is available in some landscape clubs for those who do not want to participate in sports such as golf. Since maintaining the field is quite expensive, such members pay a lower registration and annual fee than full members. Such members are allowed to use all services of the pool, restaurant, etc., with the exception of the golf course.

4. Public membership usually provides fairly broad rights, including the right to use the services of a restaurant. This type of membership is used in those clubs that have no other recreational opportunities other than a golf course (pool, pool, etc.), as well as in clubs where there is a need for this kind of membership. The advantage here is that only the type of activity in which the club member is interested is paid.

Club owners

Clubs can be classified by the nature of their ownership. Clubs that are created by people who want to unite on the basis of common interests, as a rule, belong to their founders and are called collective clubs.

When new members are admitted, the newcomers acquire a part of the authorized capital and the right to participate in management. If members leave the club, they sell their share to the club at a price based on the popularity of the club.

Now the club business has acquired a commercial character.

Clubs that are created and run by organizations for commercial purposes are called private. Club members pay an entry fee as well, but their participation in running the club is limited. They cannot sell or transfer their membership upon withdrawal.

In the United States, clubs are run by the CLUB CORPORATION OF AMERICA.

6.Organizational structure of clubs

Collective and private clubs are managed on the basis of the charter, as well as the rules governing the order of its membership and the types of permitted forms of activity, as well as the nature of the behavior of the members. The charter determines the name, goals and structure of the club.

The supreme governing body of the club is the Board of Directors. The powers of the Council in different bodies are different. They depend on the nature of the ownership. The Board of Directors is responsible for developing the directions of the club as a whole.

The day-to-day affairs of the clubs are managed by professional managers who report to the Board of Directors.

The organizational structure of the club is determined based on its functions. It is based on the principle of division of labor. This principle of structure is called functional distribution.

The landscape clubs have a traditional organizational structure.

Fig. 11 Landscape club structure

The club is headed by a director or executive director and deputies are the heads of services whose duties include maintaining the sites, club house and other buildings in good condition.

The head of the sports grounds service is responsible for maintaining the sports grounds and the territories adjacent to the club house.

The head of the group of trainers is responsible for running programs for sports games, competitions, for the operation of a sporting goods store, etc.

The director of the club house is responsible for the operation of the restaurant and functional services and living rooms, control over the work of the service personnel and his deputies.

Clubsandbusiness.

Although the main goal of the clubs is to provide a certain level of service, they are commercial enterprises. Private clubs are created for the purpose of generating income, but collective clubs must also exist within a budget that is determined by the club's income and expenses.

table 2

Landscape and city club revenues

Sources of income	Club income,%
Sources of income	Landscape	Urban
1. Membership fees
2. Food and drinks
3. Sports. Job
4. Accommodation

The main source of income for both landscape and urban areas is membership fees and catering. The level of these incomes differs depending on the category of clubs.

Most of the costs for both landscape and city clubs are salaries and payments. For landscape clubs it is 46%, for urban clubs it is 50%.

Another significant consumer of club facilities in landscape clubs is the maintenance of sports grounds (golf games, etc.).

In recent years, private clubs have significantly expanded their capabilities and influence.

Currently, there are approximately 11 thousand national clubs with a staff of about 1.1 million people and an annual salary fund of $ 4 billion.

The salaries of club managers and staff are very attractive and depend on the type of club and its geographic location.

On average, the salary of a director and general director ranges from $ 40,000 to $ 80,000 per year, while a deputy director's salary ranges from $ 25,000 to $ 45,000 per year, depending on experience and level of professional training. It should be noted, however, that many clubs, especially landscape ones, are seasonal businesses. Therefore, this level of salary is considered high given the seasonality of work.

Additional benefits received by club managers include: preferential rental of premises, paid vacations, free meals in clubs, payment for car maintenance, payment of medical insurance, use of special privileges in the club, etc.

The club complex includes premises for;

Lecture and information work,

Works of circles, studios,

Communication

Examples of functional club rooms

test questions

1. Classification of clubs by location.

2. Classification of clubs in accordance with the direction of work.

3. Describe the composition of the premises of the clubs and their purpose.

4. Describe the organizational structure of the clubs.

5. How many types of club memberships do you know. What are the characteristics of these species?

6. The purpose and essence of the clubs.

When organizing a disco, you need to consider

test questions

1. Give a definition to the concept of "mass submissions"

2. Name the forms of mass entertainment establishments.

3. What kind of staff is needed to organize discos?

1. The concept of "club" and club activities.

2. The composition of the premises of the club and their purpose.

3. Life cycles of club activities

4. Classification of clubs.

5. Membership of clubs.

6. Organizational structure of the clubs.

1. The concept of "club" and club activities

Club- uniting people with the same interests in a certain place.

The purpose of the clubs is to develop social activity, education, creativity and leisure activities - recreation and entertainment.

The club is run by creative professionals and administration.

Personnel requirements:

Possess pedagogical knowledge;

It is necessary to know some types of art.

There are complex and specialized clubs.

Today it is impossible to imagine the educational process without the inclusion of schoolchildren in club activities, organized on a voluntary basis, taking into account the interests and needs of children. It creates conditions for the development of their creative abilities, for communication, self-expression and self-affirmation, provides them with opportunities for recreation and satisfaction of their hedonistic needs.

State standards of the second generation, the most important idea of \u200b\u200bwhich is the implementation of the activity approach in the pedagogical process, presuppose such an organization that will make it possible to put each child in an active position, to show him his subjectivity. Club activity is precisely aimed at this. It is she who first of all will help to solve the problems set by the new standard in the organization of students' extracurricular work.

The most widespread in practice and, as experience shows, effective in educational terms are group forms of club work; It is in the process of the activities of associations of interests that favorable conditions are created for creating a team, it becomes possible to take into account the interests and capabilities of each of its members, and to develop the child's individuality.

Club associations at the school are diverse: clubs themselves, circles, studios, sections, societies. Each of them has its own characteristics, but they are all voluntary associations of students with the same interests. However, each of the types of club associations has its own specific features, and these are reflected in their definitions.

School club - This is an association of students with the same interests on a voluntary basis, organizing a variety of creative activities of children, having a certain structure and self-government body.

Circle - is an amateur association of students with the same interests, carrying out thematic activities, as a rule, of a cognitive or creative nature.

Studio - a definition most often applied to those club-type associations in which students are engaged in art (choreographic, choral, theater).

Section - this is a thematic part of some specific activity carried out according to a special program. More often, the term is used to refer to a structural unit, such as a club.

Society - is a voluntary, permanent association of schoolchildren or their groups (circles, sections) engaged in some thematic activity (scientific society of schoolchildren, environmental protection society, etc.).

The most common types of club associations in schools are mugs and clubs... Formally, a circle differs from a club in that, as a rule, it is smaller in number; its activities are narrowly focused and often organized according to a specially proposed program; it usually has no structural subdivisions (sections, departments), no self-government body is elected.

Each club is characterized by common features, which together reflect their inner essence.

The first sign is voluntary membership in an association ... It is this feature that primarily determines the goal, the content of his activities, the choice of forms and methods of work.

The second sign of a club association is its general accessibility to any member of the school team ... The general availability of classes for everyone determines the amateur nature of the organization of the club association and the democratic style of its life. You can not restrict access to the club by poor academic performance, violations of discipline, competitive admission to the association. It is unfair for joining some clubs (circles) to arrange exams and screenings. The activity of school club associations is of an amateur nature, does not set itself the task of achieving class results in some kind of objective activity, is aimed not so much at the result as at the process that brings satisfaction to its participants.

The third sign of club union - relative stability of its composition ... In its absence, it is impossible to create a team. Long-term contacts between the participants form relations of mutual dependence and responsibility, lead to the children becoming aware of their belonging to the team, and the association of interests acquires its "face" at school. The stability of the composition contributes to the organizational formation of the association: the definition of its structure, the establishment of internal and external relations, the distribution of social roles of the participants, etc.

However, the stability of the club's composition is relative. With a pedagogically reasonably organized activity, leaving it, moving to other associations should be considered as a normal phenomenon. Most often, this is due to the search by schoolchildren of the most favorable conditions for testing their strengths and capabilities, for acquiring new knowledge, for fulfilling the desire to find their vocation or to realize already existing individual creative plans.

At the same time, as we have already noted, the creation of a team in a club (circle) is possible with some nominally constant composition of participants. Experience shows that it should be at least 75% of the total number of members of the association.

The fourth sign of a club association is unity of personal significance of the goals of the work for its participants and the public orientation of their activities ... Schoolchildren come to the club to satisfy their individual interests and needs, but they can implement their individual plans by participating in the implementation of a socially significant goal carried out in collective activities. This is the specificity of the logic of organizing the work of a club association, its difference from the logic of the cognitive process, in which the implementation of a collective goal is ensured by individual activity.

In connection with this peculiarity of the club association, its members objectively generate and develop needs for team building, which, of course, will contribute to its more rapid development. Indeed, the collective in the club association develops faster (than, say, the collective of a class) and less painful. This is also because the division of labor in the club is usually carried out by the children themselves on the basis of the voluntariness of choosing a job site and partners in joint activities. In addition, schoolchildren often do not come to club associations one by one, but with their friends, a well-established contact group, with the same interests, and in the complex and varied activities of the team, they immediately determine their place.

Making club activities socially useful is usually not difficult. For this it is necessary to put her at the service of the school collective. The most expedient and natural way for this is the inclusion of the club collective in the system of activities of the general school collective, the formation of the association as an integral organic part of it.

The fifth sign of a club union is organization of its activities as a collective which, of course, does not mean that there cannot be individual activity in it. Moreover, its combination with the collective one increases the efficiency of the association's work (the activities of a choreographic studio, drama circle are impossible without thorough work of each participant).

In club associations, schoolchildren participate in various types of collective activities, but an indispensable condition for its organization should be creative character ... Creativity is the norm for the development of children; according to LS Vygotsky, their natural need. She, of course, forms one of the most important and strong motives for the arrival of schoolchildren in the club association.

Creativity is characterized by novelty, originality, and non-standardness of the activity itself and its products. Its level will be determined by the social significance of the results. Enhancing the social role of club associations through the inclusion of their activities in the educational system of the school can become an important stimulus for the development of creativity of members of the collective of interests; and the higher this level of involvement in the life of the school, the more opportunities arise for the development of the creative potential of the club collective.

Creativity in the club is not so much an individual as a collective process. The organization of collective creative activity contributes to the formation of an active position in each member of the association. Then he becomes not a simple contemplator of what is happening, but its creator, while showing his individuality. In the process of such activity, each participant develops, including his creative activity.

It is easier to involve the members of the club association in managing the life of their collective than in primary collectives of other types. This is due to the voluntariness of schoolchildren joining an association of interests and the fact that the achievement of individual goals in it is possible only under the condition of active involvement in the implementation of the collective goal.

Determining the features of associations of interests allows you to formulate them function :

creating conditions for identifying, meeting and developing the interests, abilities and inclinations of schoolchildren;
providing children with the opportunity to satisfy their needs for creative activity;
organization of communication of students by interests;
providing them with a field of activity for self-expression, self-affirmation, self-education;
organization of recreation for children outside the classroom;
realization of the hedonic needs of children;
systematization of extracurricular activities of the school collective, giving it greater emotional saturation.

The specifics of the functions of the club association determine the originality of the position of the student in it ... It lies in the fact that the child does not have to put up with a situation that does not satisfy him (as is often the case in the classroom), because associations of interests are organized on the basis of the voluntary participation of participants. In the club, it is easier for a student to find himself, to assert himself, in some respect to feel himself the first among equals, which is necessary for every young person in the process of his development in order to overcome his own inferiority complex. In a club association, the student usually does not strive for the position of "prima"; he is satisfied with any roles, if they are individual, special.

Club associations effectively implement their educational functions if they activities will become an organic element of the school ... At the same time, associations of interests can positively influence her life activity, contribute to the development of her educational system.

The process of becoming a club association as an organic component of an educational institution takes place three stages :

the stage of formation of the system of its activity;
the stage of active interaction with the whole school team;
stage of active interaction with the extracurricular environment.

In the process of its formation

The first stage - the stage of formation and organizational design of the club association - is the most complex and controversial. At this time, the content and forms of its activity are determined, self-affirmation occurs in the team of each participant. The association mainly works "for itself". At the same time, the future of the association, its place and significance in the general school collective depends on how its activities will be organized at this stage.

The school club organizer should remember that when defining a set of interest groups we must proceed from the interests and needs of children ... The idea of \u200b\u200bthe need to create it should be born in the student collective itself . How to do it?

This can be facilitated by the organization of mass forms of club work with children, a story about similar associations of other schools, a meeting with their participants, etc. All this will help to interest children, form their desire to communicate, the need to develop their creative abilities.

In one of the schools, the club work was very poorly organized: about a dozen circles (mostly subject) worked irregularly, being, in fact, a continuation of the lessons, and, of course, could not effectively implement their functions. There was no effective connection between them and the school team. Most of the teachers did not possess creative methods of leading associations of interests, and they did not have a serious desire to organize them. The environment around the school could do little to help in this regard. Organization of children's leisure was mainly the business of the children themselves.

The upbringing situation at school and outside it led to the fact that the majority of students had poorly developed creative abilities, children had poor organizational skills and skills, and had little initiative.

The situation at the school began to change with the change of director. His attempt to activate the students' club activities was not crowned with success, because the children did not show any desire or initiative to participate in any associations.

The birth of the high school students' club was preceded by the activation of all extracurricular activities of the general school collective. Children of different ages were created, taking the initiative to conduct many school affairs. When organizing them, the method of collective creative activity was widely used, with which both teachers and schoolchildren met for the first time.

The overwhelming majority of children and many teachers got involved in the work with great interest. However, after a while it turned out that the teachers' strength "dried up", they lacked knowledge and skills to guide the life of the student collective at a new level, and the students themselves, without adults, were not yet able to do anything to maintain this level. A problem arose: on the one hand, the children were "agitated", received an impetus for the development of their interests and creative abilities, and on the other, both schoolchildren and teachers were not ready for such work.

By this time, a situation was potentially created when at school it was possible to unite high school students in a club, because the idea of \u200b\u200bhis birth became a need for many of them, and they themselves began to express proposals to get together after lessons in order to come up with something, with someone interesting to meet, etc.

At one of the meetings with high school students, they were asked to create a club at the school, in which they themselves could implement the proposals made. Subsequently, the club became a noticeable phenomenon in the life of the entire school, influencing the development of its educational system.

In the process of working with an association of interests, its leader needs to track the development of interests and needs of children and in accordance with these changes, organize the work of the club. This is especially important at the beginning of the association's activities.

To identify the interests, needs of club members, their motives for joining it, you can use a variety of methods : observation, conversation, questioning, creating special situations, etc.

So, during the first meeting with the members of the association, you can offer them finish two sentences: "I think that in our club ..." and "I came to the club to ...". You can organize a collective drawing up an invitation to the club... In the process of "brainstorming" the participants of the association compose a text, the content of which is embedded with thoughts that reflect their desires and needs. Here is one of the variants of such an announcement, drawn up in the high school students' communication club: “Dear friend! If you like to read poetry, listen to music, dance, sing, fantasize, if you want to go to the theater, circus, disco, make new friends, make the surrounding life more interesting, we are waiting for you in our club! "

Another method of identifying the motives of the work of children in an interest group can be questioning on the topic "What attracts you to the club?"

Each participant receives a questionnaire, which contains a list of motives for working in the club. All motives are combined into 6 groups: collectivistic, cognitive, communication, self-education, self-affirmation, selfish (the club member, of course, does not know about this). The respondent assesses the significance of each motive for himself in points: 0 - does not attract at all; 1 - hardly attracts; 2 - attracts in a weak degree; 3 - moderately attractive; 4 - attracts to a strong degree; 5 - attracts to a very strong degree.

Such an assessment allows, when processing materials, to calculate the average indicators for each motive and for groups of motives. Repeated questioning of the same members of the association at the end of the academic year will show the dynamics of their motives for working in the club. It is advisable, in our opinion, to question all new students coming to the association using this method.

According to our observations, it is better to conduct the survey anonymously, during which the participants should not have the right to communicate with each other. In general, it is more expedient to make it so that the questionnaire is conducted not by the head of the association, but by a person who is neutral towards him (say, one of the school teachers).

We offer one of the variants of the questionnaire we have compiled for the members of the high school students' club (the questionnaire is based on the methodology borrowed from V.G.Pryanikova). Note that the motives in the questionnaire are divided into groups: 1 - collectivist; 2 - cognitive; 3 - communication; 4 - self-education; 5 - self-affirmation; 6 - selfish. When preparing the text of the questionnaire for children, it is advisable to "mix" them.

What attracts you to the club?

Points

1.1 Ability to help the club, school, others 1.2. An opportunity to make school life more interesting 1.3. An opportunity to help your class to make life in it more interesting 1.4. The ability to transfer your knowledge and skills to your comrades 2.1. An opportunity to spend your free time in an interesting way 2.2. The opportunity to learn something new, interesting 2.3. The opportunity to learn what will help you learn better 2.4 Striving to expand the general cultural horizons 2.5 Possibility of getting help in choosing a future profession 3.1 Ability to communicate with friends 3.2 Ability to find new friends 3.3. I go to the club because my friend is there 3.4. The ability to communicate with an interesting leader 4.1. Favorable conditions for overcoming your shortcomings 4.2. Favorable conditions for the development of positive qualities in oneself (the ability to speak, communicate, get in touch) 5.1. The ability to express yourself (find an activity where you can achieve success) 5.2. An opportunity to earn the approval and recognition of peers 5.3. Ability to use the work in the club to increase their prestige among friends 6.1. Possibility of obtaining parental approval 6.2. The opportunity to please teachers

At the beginning of the work of the association, it is important to create such conditions, to organize the activities of children in such a way as to satisfy their needs of coming to the club, to a certain extent "to be led by them." These should be bright cases, emotional in nature, maybe directly and not related to the profile of the association (an evening of acquaintance, a meeting with an interesting person, a trip to the forest, etc.). At the same time, each participant must find his place in them, satisfy his hedonistic needs. Children should want to come to the club again.

Already at the stage of the formation of the system of work of the association, it is advisable for its participants to act as the organizer of some kind of general school business (review, competition, exhibition, evening, etc.). This will allow, firstly, everyone to express themselves in the extra-club environment; secondly, to declare about the club at the school, to determine its status in it.

All this creates the prerequisites for start something big, meaningful for yourself and others ... Now the participants need to seriously think about what their association should be, what to do. It's time to define the near, middle and long-term prospects of the club's life.

Solving the problem of goals - the first link in the creation of the club's work system. The problem of goal-setting in it is realized in a peculiar way. Usually, the members of the association themselves show great interest in defining the tasks, content, forms of future activities; proactive in drawing up a program of action; they are jealous of all kinds of programs "from above". This, on the one hand, complicates, and on the other, facilitates the role of the head of the association.

In the process of goal-setting, it is unacceptable when the advancement of a single goal can lead to the standardization of the activities of each member of the association; creating a situation where everyone is being cut one size fits all. “One Purpose” does not mean “One Purpose”. It presupposes the unification of everyone's actions in a common cause; however everyone should find in it your place, to come to a collective solution of the tasks put forward by own means, based their interests and needs. The goal setting, on the one hand, should contain the idea of \u200b\u200bteam building, and on the other, the idea of \u200b\u200bthe creative growth of each participant.

At the beginning of the activities of the association, the contradiction between the great personal significance of the club's work for schoolchildren and its socially useful nature... Children are often guided only by the satisfaction of their own desires. In this case, the teacher needs to instrument the suggestions of the club members so that their ideas, on the one hand, remain personally meaningful to them, and on the other hand, are people-oriented (to learn something by yourself, in order to teach the younger comrades later; organize a literary evening in school, where everyone can show their talents, etc.).

Next step - determination of the content of the association's activities and its pedagogically expedient organization ... The work of the club should organically combine socially and personally significant affairs, cognitive and entertaining.

In the system of the club, there are several activities in its importance for the union. The first kind - main; most of the club's work time is allocated to it, its content determines the profile of the association (preparation of a performance in a school theater, training in a sports section, making a model of a ship in a ship modeling circle, etc.). The second activity is related to preparation for participation in the main work of the association (speech exercises in the process of staging a voice in a theater studio, studying the theory of ship modeling in a ship modeling circle, creative study in a journalist club, etc.). The third type of activity in the association, as it were additional and not always associated with the main species: in one case, he can realize cognitive functions (meeting interesting people, excursion to the museum, etc.), in the other - simply serve as a rest for the club members (evening, hike, "skit", etc.).

The wider the field of activity of the club, the more varied the forms of its work... Among the many affairs of the association, it is necessary to single out those that reflect the main direction of its activities. Essentially, it is basic (key) cases that make up the skeleton, the basis of the club's work system. The effectiveness of the reference case will be higher if

In terms of its importance, the business goes beyond the club association, focuses on the environment;

In the process of preparing and conducting a case, the activity is organized as a collective one, and all members of the club, including adults, participate in it;

The case is characterized by high emotional saturation;

In planning and preparing the case, the traditions of the association and the school are taken into account;

Cases are optimally distributed over time.

The number of support cases during the year depends on the profile of the team, its experience, established traditions. Usually their number is 2 - 4, but there may be one supporting case (final exhibition, reporting concert, organization of a school tourist rally), considered in this case as a creative report of the association to the school, and all the work of the club during the year is aimed at preparing this case ...

In its work, it is advisable for the club to have main theme ... It can become a core that unites participants around it. The main theme defines the "face" of the team. Its educational capabilities will be higher if, firstly, it reflects a socially significant idea, and, secondly, all members of the team take part in its promotion and formulation. In the literary and musical club, where schoolchildren themselves write scripts and prepare literary and musical compositions, the main theme can be the theme of Memory; in the theater studio - the theme of Humanism; in the photo circle - the theme of Nature, etc.

The work of the club association will be more effective and its educational opportunities are higher if the activities of the participants are organized as a collective one. Let us show this by the example of working on a program in a literary and musical club of one of the schools of the Yaroslavl region, which we have been running for several years.

Work on a composition always begins with the advancement of its idea, which is expressed by individual participants or a group of high school students at a meeting in a club or simply in communication with the leader and with each other. Ideas can be "matured" for a long time and sufficiently reasoned or born "the other day" after something seen, heard, read. There may be ideas - orders from the school's self-government bodies. Any ideas are accepted, but those related to the main theme of the club - the theme of Memory are especially appreciated. They are expressed less often, but they are more weighty in their importance and richer in proposals for their implementation.

By the beginning of the school year, by the time of the collective planning of the club's work, there are usually a lot of proposals. The challenge in this case is to reasonably select 3-4 of them. At the same time, first of all, it is taken into account that the idea is interesting and useful not only to the participants of the association, but also to the people around them. In the event that an idea born during the school year captures everyone, a decision is made to immediately implement it; then adjustments are made to the plan, and the name of the new composition appears on the club's poster.

Each idea adopted at the general meeting of the collective is “nurtured” by the members of the association for a certain time. The club repeatedly returns to talking about it even before the start of the main work on the program. The process of "nurturing" an idea often takes a very long time. So, the idea of \u200b\u200bthe program "Silence on Mamayev Kurgan ..." was born during a trip of a group of schoolchildren to Volgograd during the summer holidays, and was realized only a year later. This stage of work on the program is one of the most responsible, and its success will depend on how the members of the association are able to constantly keep the idea "in shape" so that it becomes its own for the entire team and personally significant for each member.

Then comes the direct work on the preparation of the program. It starts with a brainstorming session, which results in a draft of the future composition. In the process of "brainstorming", students work in groups, and it is natural that in each of them there are students of different abilities, and not everyone can act as a "think tank". However, even if 1-2 high school students become the generators of ideas, the rest of the club members do not remain indifferent: they accept or reject ideas, inspire the “thinker” and thus participate in creating the layout of the future composition. During the discussion, the leader unobtrusively expresses his opinion. In such an atmosphere of collective creativity, cooperation relations between the members of the club association and the teacher develop and strengthen.

After that, a case council is elected, which considers all the proposals made, draws up a scenario for the future program and organizes its preparation. The council usually includes the most creative members and skilled organizers. The business council should be the coordinator of the work on the program, its collective leader.

Roles are distributed in the council: positions of screenwriter, director, graphic designer, sound engineer, etc. appear. Each of the council members becomes the head of the corresponding group of participants, whose activities are organized as a collective one.

In the course of working on the program, club members look for the necessary literary and musical material, compose a script, discuss it in a team, prepare a phonogram, artistic and technical design, etc. At the same time, close interaction is established between the participants, their intensive communication, mutual assistance is organized, which, of course, unites the club's staff. The teacher guides the work, manages the interaction of schoolchildren, corrects their activities, he himself actively participates in the preparation of the program. During this period of the association's work, it is mainly responsible for the direct management of both the collective and individual activities of schoolchildren.

Rehearsals are organized according to separate blocks of the program and, in fact, are a collective creative process of finalizing the script, searching for ways of the most successful stage embodiment of a particular idea, its artistic expression.

After the premiere, a collective analysis of what was done with the formulation of tasks for further improving the composition is necessarily carried out. At first, the analysis usually goes on the level of “liked it - didn’t like it”, “it worked - it didn’t work”. Students should be taught the method of analysis, the level of which rises with the acquisition of the collective experience and becomes the norm of the club.

In addition to the main type of activity that determines the profile of the association, it also organizes others that help prepare schoolchildren to participate in a specialized type of activity or serve as time for rest, communication, entertainment. One of these forms of activity can be creative study , organized in different ways in the work of associations of different orientations.

In the literary and musical club, creative studies have become an integral part of "skits" - evenings of rest and communication with friends. Usually friends from other schools were invited to such meetings. The structure of the "skits" changed every time, but, as a rule, it included a conversation "in a circle" about the pressing problems of the life of their team, creative study, songs in the "eagle circle", games, memories of the "past" over a cup of tea, dancing program. At the end of the academic year, at the "skits" in a solemn atmosphere, the "conversion" of graduates to "old men" and the initiation of new members into club members took place.

The creative study was based on the use of the method of organizing collective creative activity. Students wrote poems, wrote parodies, depicted scenes, and came up with original tasks themselves. At first, the study program was developed by the head of the association, and as the collective gained experience, a specially created group of its members was engaged in this. Creative study provides teachers with favorable opportunities for studying students, identifying the role of the club in their lives, the nature of the relationship between schoolchildren, their positions in relation to teachers and friends of the club. During their creative studies, the members of the club were offered the task “Add the lines”: “I have been going to the club for two years and find it for myself ...”, “The teacher says to me:“ Is the club open for you? ”,“ In the family circle, when we are sitting, talking about the club with my mother ... ”During the game in the storm, poems were composed according to rhymes: friends - their own; school - fun: forward - leads; we carry - we give up.

Analyzing the collective "products of creativity" of schoolchildren, the organizers came to the conclusion that the club members consider its native collective. In their poems they wrote: “He became our school, this club is cheerful; we carry the knowledge from it and give it to our friends. " In their address to the newcomers, the schoolchildren reminded that the main law for them is the law of friendship: "And remember: in difficulties, any of your friends are always with you!"

Creative studies were included in the system of the literary and musical club as an integral and important link in it. The skills and abilities of collective creative work, acquired by schoolchildren in its process, were used by them in the preparation of new literary and musical compositions in the club, in the organization of class and general school affairs. For the head of the team, creative study became an indispensable means of correcting the relations of the members of the association: in an atmosphere of rest and entertainment, it was easier to create pedagogical situations that introduced schoolchildren to collective work.

In the process of establishing the system of work of the association by interests, several important problems of organizing its activities ... The first one is the ratio of collective and individual forms of activity of schoolchildren in the club, since children come to it, first of all, to satisfy their personal needs and are almost immediately ready to start individual activities. However, they find themselves in a situation where they can satisfy their needs only when they become participants in collective activities. This is how they objectively develop a need to make contacts with teammates. In associations of interests, this is facilitated by the fact that one of the reasons for schoolchildren coming there is almost always their desire to communicate with peers and make new friends.

Individual activity is associated with the acquisition of new knowledge, skills, and abilities by schoolchildren. It will become more effective if it is organically included in the process of collective work, if the members of the association themselves will be involved in its organization (mutual training, mutual assistance, etc.).

The second problem in organizing collective activities is division of labor among its participants... It is resolved positively when club members come to their "specialization" voluntarily, choose a "profession", proceeding, first of all, from their own interests.

In the initial period of the association's work, schoolchildren usually delve into their role; this satisfies their needs in a certain type of activity, improves their knowledge, skills and abilities. Unlike academic work, in which everyone is obliged to participate in all its forms, club activities create favorable conditions for choice. However, it is important that the student can also try himself in different types of work, therefore, it is advisable to change the composition of specialized groups of different profiles. It is necessary that not only the spheres of activity change, but also the role positions of its participants: from an ordinary executor to an organizer of affairs.

The third problem is the problem of pedagogical leadership. At this stage, it should be omnipresent and multifaceted. The leader is the organizer of the activity, its inspirer, consultant-advisor, an ordinary performer, and his main task is to manage the relations of the members of the association. The stage of the club's formation is associated with solving the problems of self-affirmation of schoolchildren in it, and the teacher must be helped in time to determine the role and place of everyone, to make them meet the needs of children.

The fourth problem in the work of the club in the process of its formation is organization of self-government in it ... Due to the specific nature of the association, it is easier to involve its members in managing their lives than in other types of collectives.

Often, the organization of self-government is reduced only to the work of elected bodies or to the distribution of public assignments. The task is to include everyone in active, interested activity in organizing the life of the association; and to the greatest extent, the solution of this problem is facilitated by the organization of his work as a collective one. You cannot first create a body, and then invent a job for it, because it is the existence of a job that gives rise to the need to create a new body or choose a responsible position.

Obviously, in any case, the supreme body of self-government should be the general meeting of its members, but in the organization of the activities of elected bodies or responsible persons in the collective there may be options.

1. If the club association is numerous, and its activities are diverse, then for the organization of its leadership it is advisable to elect advice... It should be borne in mind that it will be effective only when its functions are clearly distributed and responsibilities between its members are correctly distributed. The council should be given the right not only to organize the activities of the association, but also to determine its content. In this case, the council will become the subject of the formation of public opinion of the entire team. The council should be flexible enough, flexible, updated frequently. He and his leader should regularly report to the team, receive from him an objective assessment of their activities and take it into account in their work.

2. A permanent or long-term self-governing body of the club association is not created, but formed provisional bodies (case councils)in every case when the need arises; at the end of their activity, they disintegrate. This makes it possible to include a larger number of children in the work as organizers, managers of the life of their collective.

3. Under the conditions of a permanent self-government body, business advice, each time changing in composition... In this case, their activities are supervised not only by the child's head of the club, but also by his council.

It is known that in the life of a club association as an association of a special kind, it is of great importance to include in its activities rituals, symbols and paraphernalia ... The first stage plays a very important role here.

The name, motto, emblem, laws, statutes should be included in the life of the club gradually, as its participants accumulate experience of collective activity. The students themselves should take part in this. Rituals, symbols and attributes will play their role when the team will need not only to have them, but also to use them to improve their lives.

Often, the work of a club association is regulated by legal documents (charter, laws, membership card, etc.). There should be no more than one or two of them in a club (the life of an association of interests does not tolerate excessive regulation); they will be effective if they are born by the collective itself and, if necessary, are corrected by it. The union may not have such documents at all.

Laws in the life of the club are also being introduced gradually. Each of them is necessarily discussed in a team, where, thanks to this, an environment is created that provides an opportunity for their implementation. In the course of the work of the association, laws may change.

In the already familiar literary and music club, the name was born a month after the start of its work and came from children. The club was unanimously named "Helios", at the same time they chose the motto of the life of the team. They were the words of V. Mayakovsky: “Always shine, shine everywhere, until the last days of the bottom, shine - and no nails! This is my slogan and the sun! " In the competition for the emblem, the most simple and understandable for everyone was recognized as the best: the sun with numerous rays and the name of the club and school in the center.

The first law of the club was the law "Go out - go away!" It is interesting to note that a year later it was changed and read: "Go out - light up!" The creative atmosphere in the association was helped to create and maintain the laws of the commune: "Every business is creative - otherwise why?", "Better difficult than boring!", "Live for the smile of a comrade!" and others. Six months later, a hymn was born in the club (to the tune of the song "Globe"), which contained the following words:

"Helios" means "sun",

Means people to shine,

No residue, to the bottom

Happiness, joy to give.

Let people come to our school

We will always work for them,

To love their homeland,

So that people are simply better.

The introduced symbols and attributes, on the one hand, reflected the current life of the club, on the other hand, they were aimed at improving the activities of the team.

In the process of the formation of the team, traditions ... In the conditions of the club, they, as a rule, quickly strengthen, which, of course, contributes to the cohesion of the team. However, club members often associate traditions only with satisfying their need for rest, with participation in activities of an entertainment nature, which strengthens ties between children, but does not raise the authority of the club at school. It is important that the “internal” traditions are added to those that are aimed at the benefit of the people around them (assistance in preparing the New Year's Eve at school, participation in the Victory Day holiday in the countryside, leadership of junior school circles, etc.).

So, the first stage of the work of the association by interests is the most difficult and controversial. It is connected, first of all, with the organization of the "internal" life of the club, the formation of the system of its life.

The links of the association by interests with the general school collective and the extracurricular environment are still weak (at the level of presenting their products to the environment). The association is an autonomous link in the educational system of the school. The level of her involvement in it is low. In fact, the first stage is the process of preparing the club collective for going out into the extracurricular environment (first of all, the school one). It is dangerous if the prerequisites for this have not yet been created and the team has not tested its strength on the environment. This may become the reason that, being closed in the sphere of their interests, the collective will remain at the level of formal presence in the educational system of the school, which, of course, reduces its educational opportunities.

The most common form of leisure activities is club activities. It is actively used by social educators both for purposes

prevention of deviant behavior of students, and for the purpose of their social rehabilitation and correction of personal qualities.

Club work is one of the types of social and pedagogical activity, the sphere of realizing the interests and individual and creative activity of the individual ... Let us recall that recreational activity is predominantly of a restorative nature, leisure - restorative and creative; club activity, being creative, has a creative direction.

Club activities are organized on the principles of voluntary association of people with common interests, as well as amateur performance and self-government, taking into account the age and socio-cultural characteristics of club members.

The first organizer of club activities in Russian pedagogy is S.T. Shatsky, who created at the beginning of the twentieth century. in Moscow, a club for children of the working poor "Setment". In his opinion, in order to compete with the street, the club had to create an environment in which children would be interested; club employees must have imagination, be able to diversify the forms of work.

The purpose of modern club work is as follows:

· Inclusion of the child in a variety of socially valuable and personally significant activities;

· The formation of the experience of social behavior necessary for successful entry into the system of social relations;

· Identification and development of intellectual, communicative, expressive, instrumental abilities.

The main characteristics of club work:

· Use of a playful form of assimilation by children of future social roles;

· Implementation of activities of various nature, allowing to solve the problem of professional self-determination, self-knowledge;

· Satisfying the need for communication (in contrast to the meaningless pastime on the street, the guys communicate in the club on the basis of common useful things, hobbies, interests);

· Developed self-government, relative autonomy from adults;

· Building humanistically oriented interpersonal relationships with peers and adults.

- "Fatherland" - a patriotic program;

- "Family" - joint activities and recreation of children and parents;

- "Health" - valeological program;

- "You and Drugs" - a preventive and socio-pedagogical program;

- "Yards of our childhood" - a program of subject-spatial rehabilitation of the living space of children and adolescents;

- "Hope" - work with disabled children, medical pedagogy;

- "Istoki" - search and local history program;

- "Teenager and the Law" - crime prevention.

The process of restoring the club work at the place of residence is currently underway. Some clubs exist as institutions of additional education for children. The work in them is carried out through the circle and studio forms.

Circle - an association of amateurs of this or that activity, headed by a professional teacher or specialist in the profile of the circle. Unlike a club, a circle is always a structural subdivision of an institution (educational, additional education institution, leisure center, etc.).

Studio - an association for gifted youth. The studio provides the basis for special training for professional activity.

Other clubs operate as purely leisure facilities or as public organizations.

The goals of organizing club educational activities with children and adolescents in the microdistrict, depending on the conditions (availability of material resources,

networks of educational institutions, etc.) can be as follows:

- social and pedagogical protection of adolescents (prevention of interpersonal conflicts; protection of the rights of the child; the formation and development of personal qualities of a teenager, necessary for positive life);

- increasing the degree of independence of children and adolescents, developing their ability to control their lives and more effectively resolve emerging problems;

- creating conditions in which children and adolescents can maximize their potential creative potential;

- adaptation or re-adaptation of children and adolescents in society;

- Compensation for the lack of communication at school, in the family, among peers;

- additional education received in accordance with the life plans and interests of the pupils.

The teaching practice of recent years makes it possible to determine priority areas of club activities at the place of residence:

- helping the family in solving problems related to study, upbringing, looking after the child;

- assistance to a teenager in eliminating the reasons that negatively affect his behavior, academic performance and attendance at a general education institution;

- involvement of children and parents in the organization and conduct of social and educational events and actions at the place of residence;

- study, diagnosis, resolution of conflicts, problems, difficult life situations affecting the interests of the child, in order to prevent serious consequences;

- individual and group counseling of children, parents of teachers on resolving problem situations, conflicts, relieving stress, etc.;

- propaganda and explanation of the rights of children, families;

- identification of the needs and needs of children, the development of their abilities and interests in various types of activities through the circle (workshops, sections, etc.) and studio (creative teams, amateur associations, etc.) forms of work;

- creation of rehabilitation camps for maladjusted children;

- Carrying out summer specialized shifts (labor, sports, leisure, creative, etc.) at the place of residence of children and adolescents on the basis of clubs, schools and other institutions of additional education.

The basic institutions of the education system for organizing club work at the place of residence are traditionally

are schools and institutions of additional education for children, including teenage clubs in the community; centers, houses and palaces of children's and youth creativity; centers and stations for young tourists, technicians; children and youth sports schools.

The conditions for the effectiveness of club activities include:

organizational and pedagogical conditions

· Study and identification of opportunities for organizing club activities in an institution or micro-environment;

· The presence of adults who know how to organize certain types of club activities;

· The presence or creation in the institution of the material base necessary for the organization of club activities in accordance with the chosen direction;

· Purposeful work of teachers to form the club collective of students, to ensure its sufficiently long and stable functioning;

· Creation of a system of interconnections of club associations with other teams and social environment;

psychological and pedagogical conditions

· Study and identification of the interests of pupils in the field of leisure, their needs, abilities and skills that can be formed, implemented and developed in certain types of club activities;

· Creation of opportunities for creative development of pupils in the process of realizing their needs, abilities, interests and skills in club activities;

· Taking into account gender and age characteristics and personal resources of pupils when choosing directions and types of club activities, when determining the ratio of reproductive, productive and creative components of its content;

· Ensuring the personal significance of the content of club activities;

· Stimulation of activity and the formation of the subjective position of pupils;

· Realization by teachers and pupils of their personal resources in the process of life of the club collective;

pedagogical conditions

· Adequacy of the content of club activities to the interests of pupils, social conditions and the possibilities of its organization;

· The complex nature of the activities of the pupils of the club collective, corresponding to its educational functions and profile;

· Combination of individual, group and collective forms in the process of organizing the life of the club collective;

· The optimal ratio of pedagogical leadership and self-management by participants in club activities;

· Stimulation of pupils' self-activity, aimed at their self-organization and self-development;

· Creation of subject-subject relations in the club collective, both between pupils and between pupils and teachers;

· Creation, preservation and renewal of traditions of activity and relations in the club collective.

Currently, the republic has a system of social services for children, adolescents and students in the form of social and educational centers.

(TWS). The purpose of these centers is to facilitate the adaptation of children and young people in society, organize their meaningful extracurricular time and provide social, pedagogical and psychological assistance.

The organization of leisure time for children and youth in the SPC is carried out through the forms of club work. Considered by us below structure of the leisure organization service in the SPC The Zavodskoy district of Minsk includes various club associations and can serve as an example model for creating a social service of a similar type, taking into account local opportunities and needs.

Labor exchange . Objectives club: the organization of temporary employment of youth and its real labor adaptation.

Areas of work:

- organization of employment for adolescents and youth;

- formation of professional knowledge and experience among young people to increase competitiveness in the labor market;

- providing an opportunity for those in need of a temporary or permanent job;

- interaction between employment centers and labor exchange;

Young businessman's club . Objectives club: the formation of the economic culture of youth, the qualities of a business person; assistance in a conscious choice of profession and professional development. Forms works: lectures, seminars, project development. The source of funding is the funds of the participants themselves, income from commercial activities, contributions from enterprises, assistance from youth organizations, education authorities.

Hobby Center . Objectives club: the development of the creative abilities of the participants, the satisfaction of their diverse interests and requests in the field of free time, compensation for the negative and insufficient impact of the external environment on children through the development of a positive interest in creating their own social significance.

Areas of work:

- technical (aircraft modeling club, computer club, etc.);

- natural science (gardeners club, dog handlers club, etc.);

- art (music club, photo club, poetry club, etc.);

- sports and recreation (hardening club, track and field club, football team fan club, tourist club, etc.);

- collective and collecting (philatelists club, etc.);

- leisure (disco club) [ 1, p. 18 ].

Hobby-center clubs conduct training sessions, trainings, hikes, prepare and hold exhibitions of their members' works, visit exhibition halls, help in creating museum expositions, etc. - in this way, various forms of cultural leisure are used.

Family leisure club . Objectives club: provision of cultural and educational services to children under 18 and their parents; creating an environment of family well-being, mutual understanding between parents and children; organization of meaningful family leisure.

Areas of work:

- familiarizing the family with socio-cultural and educational values;

- psychological and pedagogical education of parents;

- inclusion of children and their parents in the system of social relations;

- creating conditions for the implementation of personal creative plans, satisfying interests in their chosen fields of activity;

- providing an opportunity to choose amateur activities for children and their parents in the field of free time;

- provision of competent psychological assistance in relieving tension in family relations.

Family leisure clubs can also be formed in the structure of existing cultural and educational institutions. A wide variety of play, exercise, entertainment grounds can operate here; psychological and pedagogical consultation; helplines; a group of social educators.

Communication club. Objectives club: creating an environment for young people to communicate according to their interests, conditions for creative development in the field of leisure.

Directions and forms of work:

- socio-ideological (message during scheduled meetings about the most important events in the life of the world, country, city, etc.);

- socio-psychological (discussion of an urgent problem outlined in advance in the form of a dispute or discussion);

- cultural and creative (joint visits to exhibitions, performances, museums, competitions, etc., followed by discussion of what they saw);

The frequency of such meetings is set by the club members themselves. At the first meeting, they jointly draw up a plan for club work for the year, develop rules for communication and discussion.

Ecologist Club». Objectives club: informing students of the system of environmental knowledge, introducing the younger generation to activities for the study and protection of the environment.

Directions and forms of work:

- development of the creative abilities of students, the formation of the ability to see and appreciate the beauty of nature (competition "Monuments of native nature" - to photograph a river, meadow, flowers, etc. and write a story about them; competition "Dumb Guards" - to develop a sketch of a nature conservation sign; competition "Our smaller brothers" - a description of an interesting incident with a pet, the organization of an exhibition of pets, a photo contest "Window to nature" - photographing natural objects during a hike with the subsequent organization of a photo exhibition);

- carrying out environmental activities (the action "Red Notebook" - description of rare plants and animals in their area, cooperation with the local environmental center; Operation "All-Seeing Eye" - the participants, acting as journalists, write notes to the newspaper about the environmental problems of their own city or region, based on verified facts, etc.).

Club "DOM". HOUSE - Children's Order of Mercy. It unites in its ranks disabled children, children from disadvantaged families, their friends and peers from successful families. Children can come to the "HOUSE" with their sisters and brothers, classmates, parents, friends.

Objectives club: creation of a stabilized social environment, adaptation of children with physical and social anomalies among their peers and through them in society; revival of the best traditions of charity, education in children of kindness, sensitivity, compassion.

Areas of work:

- rendering assistance to disadvantaged children in solving social, everyday, moral and psychological, human rights, legal and educational problems;

- the manifestation of special attention to children with disabilities who study at home and in special boarding schools, as well as to children with a degree of disability, which gives them the opportunity to study at school.

Literature

1. Zhurlova, I.V. Club activity is a form of organizing youth leisure / I.V. Zhurlova // Pazashkolnaya vyhavanne. –2000. –№ 5. - С.17 - 19.

2. Shakurova, M.V. Methodology and technology of work of a social teacher / M.V. Shakurova. - M .: Ed. Center "Academy", 2002. - 272 p.

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