How paint brushes are made. Master class painting how to make a brush from cat hair wool. Workshop on creating brushes from threads

How and with what can you draw?

Greetings to all blog readers!

Let's imagine that your child really wants to draw, but the brush has gone somewhere and you can't find it. In this case, you will have to use the materials at hand. Hopefully this article will help you avoid the hassle of choosing props for young artists. For clarity, my daughter and I made a picture for you using several drawing methods.

Option 1. Draw with a candle. It is not necessary to take a whole candle, you can cut off a small piece (if the candle is in glaze or paint, it must be cleaned).

Use the wax part to outline the contours of the object or paint over it completely. Apply paint on top of the wax and enjoy the magical patterns that the wax creates.

The darker the paint, the more contrasting your drawing will be. For application, we took a roller, but the most ordinary brush, a cotton swab, and a sponge will do ...

Option 2. Draw with a sponge. Apply a drawing on a slightly damp or completely dry sponge.

flip the sponge over and print your design. This method is perfect for "copying" required elements... The contours can be outlined with a pencil or the same paint to make the picture clearer.

A sponge is a great substitute for a potato or apple cut in half.

Option 3. Draw with cotton swabs. In addition to the fact that they can completely replace the brush, there is another great way to draw - with dots. This option is perfect for both kids, due to its simplicity, and for more adult children who want to diversify their drawings. You dip in paint, put a point - the scheme is extremely simple, and the result is very nice.

Option 4 and 5. Draw with mom's makeup! This method is perhaps the most enjoyable. Ideal, of course, for girls, but it will be no less interesting for boys. Cosmetics for this are not of the highest quality. Maybe even with an expired date. The one that just got bored, did not fit and will no longer be used. So far we have painted only with ink and shadows.

Mascara can be slightly moistened with water if it is too dry. Shadows, by the way, too, from this the color will turn out to be more saturated and clearer, but it will already be difficult to shade it.

It is convenient to apply the eyeshadow directly to the paper with your fingers, although the child may want to use the applicator (like a mother). The effect, of course, will be different, but both methods are worth trying.

And what and how do you and your children like to draw? Share, tell us, we will be happy to try your options on ourselves

Hello dear beads!

Brushes keep their popularity for more than one season. They can be found everywhere: in cars, on curtains, on bags, and of course in jewelry.

Today I will show you:

  • How to make DIY thread brushes.

This master class is suitable for beginners who are just starting to work with brushes, as well as for experienced craftsmen as an introduction.

Perhaps some of you will learn a little trick and bookmark it!

So let's go.

The production time for one such brush is about 40 minutes.

It depends on your speed of work.

In order to make tassels from threads, we need such materials.

Materials:

  1. A thread for brushes (I have a Doli thread, made in India) - 1 reel.
  2. Sewing thread to match the thread for the tassel.
  3. An unnecessary plastic card or business card (we will wind the thread around it).
  4. Sharp scissors.

Master class on creating tassels from threads.

Step 1.

To begin with, take a string for the brush and wind it on a plastic card in width (along the longer part). Look at the photo.

How much to reel?

Here you are not limited, make to your taste. The brush in this master class is 300 turns.

After winding, secure the end of the thread with tape or an awning so that the threads do not come loose.

Step 2.

Now we need to fix the threads. To do this, knit a sewing thread in the center of the thread for the brush.

Why knitted thread?

The knitted thread is rougher, if I may say so about it. It does not slip like brush thread. And therefore it will hold the main strings tightly.

Step 3.

We turn the card over and bend it into back side... So that the arc is on the other side.

And carefully, in the center, cut the strings with sharp scissors.

Here's what you should get. Do not be alarmed that the strings are so shaggy. They will be corrected in the next steps.

Step 4.

Now let's fix the thread again. To do this, you can already use a thread for brushes. Or you can use the same sewing thread.

There is not much difference at this stage.

Step 5.

But still my preference is a couple. We will pick up a brush on an awl or a long needle or knitting needle (which you have), and hold it for 5-10 minutes (depending on the thread) over boiling water.

Many craftswomen hold brushes over a boiling kettle, but there is not enough space for me, so I like to straighten the brushes over a saucepan.

Here is the brush that should line up.

But! Look at the ends of the threads, they are not straight. We will level them up.

Step 6.

Let's take the most ordinary paper. I took an A4 sheet and cut a small piece.

Now straighten the strings and wrap them in paper. This is how it is shown in the photo.

Step 7.

And we carefully cut off everything that sticks out from under the paper. This will align the length of the brush.

We remove the paper and voila !!!

The thread brush is ready! As you can see, this is not difficult, but the result is very beautiful.

You can use such a brush as you wish: make a pendant or sautoir out of it, earrings or a keychain, or whatever your imagination is good for.

Today I showed you, dear ones, how to make a thread brush with your own hands!

If you liked my master class, share it soon!

Write in the comments what thread for brushes do you use? And which one do you like best? And I will learn something useful from you.

And I end there. I went to make brushes! It is addictive. Until new master classes! Bye Bye!

There are a lot of brushes now, and the most unusual ones. Once again sorting out my brushes, I decided to deal with the types of pile, what exactly and for what is suitable. After all, we draw so often that we no longer think about why exactly the squirrel or how the column differs from the bristle.

Squirrel

One of the most famous brushes with which many begin to learn to paint. They are made from hairs from the tail of a squirrel, and the pile taken from the top of the tail is much more valuable. Such brushes are only round, very soft and elastic, and they can also be used to make brushes in the form of flutes (but the width of the flutes is limited). They are mainly used for working with watercolors and water-based paints, because these brushes hold water well. At the same time, the protein is too delicate for oil and can begin to crawl out from the solvent. Squirrel hair perfectly retains its shape, does not break, absorbs moisture and washes well under a running stream of water. The squirrel brush allows you to paint without uneven stripes and the overlay of blurred spots due to the fact that when in contact with paper, porcelain, earthenware, the hairs do not separate and lead a clear, directional line. Squirrel brushes need to be looked after carefully. The squirrel hair is very thin, blue, black or brown.

I read here that the material for these brushes can serve as a pile different breeds Siberian squirrels.

For example, the hair of the CASAN breed is considered the finest. It is used to make tools that are used to paint ceramics and porcelain. The squirrel pile of the TALUTKY breed is longer and is used for brushes used for calligraphy. CANADISCHE proteins are valuable for their short, black hair. Each hair has a fine tip. Therefore, watercolor brushes are excellent from the squirrel of this breed.
Column

Brushes made from his bristle are considered very valuable. The speakers are a cross between a ferret, marten and mink at the same time. There are few of these animals in nature, and besides, it is not so easy to prepare it. For example, the tail of a Siberian column gives no more than 2 g of pile, suitable for brushes. It will make 3-4 thin brushes and 1-2 large ones. For brushes, fur is taken only from its tail and only from animals living in the river valleys of Siberia, China and Korea. Column hair is very elastic, lightweight and has a sharp tip. The best quality brush brushes are made from the nap of a male caught in winter. By the way, a pile column suitable for painting is called a spine. Hair color varies. It depends on the season in which the animal was caught, it is mainly golden brown. They are similar in quality to squirrels, although there are differences. The villi of the column at the very base are much stiffer and thicker, and at the tip they are softer, very resilient and elastic. The brush can be cylindrical or flat, in different shades from light red to dark brown. These brushes are used for both liquid and heavy paints. In oil painting, they are used when making small details; also, core brushes are convenient for glazing technique on wet.

Sable

The golden mean between soft squirrel and elastic column. The peculiarity of sable brushes is that they are very durable and hardly wear off, even when working with rough surfaces, they are made from sable tails. The brush is very flexible, picks up a large volume of paint and dispenses it in doses. Because of these qualities, these brushes allow you to work in a variety of techniques, from dry brush to wet technique. Everything can be done with one brush, which is very convenient. The best choice for working with watercolors, egg tempera, gouache. Sable brushes are rare and expensive, but well worth it.

Marten


They are made from the pile of the marten or weasel family. Marten bristle brushes differ in their properties, depending on which marten is: plain or mountain. Brushes made from the pile of the common marten are as soft as squirrels, but the brushes made from the pile of the mountain marten are slightly more elastic. On sale, such brushes are less common than squirrel brushes.
Weasel

Column alternative to pile. The hairs are reddish-brown in color, with a good sharp tip, good filling, but not as long as that of the column.

Bristle

Quite tough, elastic and long. It is sorted by shade (it can be black, gray and white) and length, treated with chemicals and bleached. The prepared bristles are poured over with boiling water, after which it becomes more elastic. When finished, it has a light color. High quality bristles are produced in China and Russia.

You can distinguish this brush from others by visual inspection - the pig hair is split at the end. It was this feature that became the reason for the use of pig hair - the specific tip allows the brush to take in a large amount of paint and apply it evenly, again without dipping the brush. The best brushes of this type have up to 80% split hairs, but for art brushes the calibrated unsplit bristles are better. These brushes are chosen for painting with oils, acrylics (you can not dilute them), gouache and tempera. These brushes have a peculiarity - the end of the beam is absent, thanks to which the brush is able to pick up a sufficiently large amount of paint and retain it. The basic shape of the brush is flat, although there are cylindrical and fan-shaped, as well as flutes.

Pony

Soft bristle with a cylindrical bunch, picks up water well. Pony hair is used that grows behind the ears or on the back. Brushes are often used in schools and kindergartens for teaching watercolor techniques. Brushes from pony hair perfectly absorb paints, but give them worse than they absorb, gather in a cone shape, keep their shape well, but do not differ in sufficient elasticity. This type of hair, like that of a pony, belongs to the decorating group, since it does not have a sharp tip, therefore these brushes are not very suitable for professional work... They can be brown or white. Designed to work with water-based paint: watercolor, gouache or tempera.

Goat

Goat hair is elastic, resilient and rather long, it comes in white and yellow shades. Softer than pork bristles. Brushes retain their shape, perfectly absorb paints and water, as a result of which smooth strokes are obtained. They are used in watercolor painting, calligraphy, batik painting and ceramic products, Japanese painting. It is noteworthy that for calligraphy, brushes are taken mainly with bamboo handles because of their lightness. This brush is suitable for batik work because it can withstand hot wax.

Ear hair brushes

Such brushes are made from hair that is taken from the inside of the ears of oxen, cows, the quality of which is determined by the breed of the animal. Usually these brushes are inexpensive, but strong, resilient and sensitive to work, give good results and keep their shape well. The hair has a silky texture. They are made flat and round, they are also made brushes for covering large surfaces. Ox hair brushes are used for working with oil paints, acrylics, tempera, gouache. Cow hair brushes are used to work with almost all types of paints: watercolors, gouache, tempera, acrylic, oil paints.

Mongoose

Mongoose brushes are easily distinguished by the color of the pile, the tip is dark brown, and the base is black and white or grayish. The brushes are cylindrical or flat, resilient and slightly stiff, and are usually used with thick paints (e.g. oil and acrylic). From my own experience, I can say that she can also paint with watercolors in dry technique, she perfectly holds her shape and a thin tip, but does not hold water very well.

Wolf

For us, rather exotic, but quite common in the east. These brushes are made from wolf hair. They are distinguished by special elasticity and elasticity, thanks to these qualities, such brushes are mainly used for calligraphy and painting of guohua (the style of traditional Chinese painting, which uses ink and water paints on silk or paper), and brushes made from Chinese are also referred to as "wolf" brushes. yellow wolf, which is essentially a column.

Bear

Made from processed brown or polar bear hair. Polar bear hair brushes are flat in shape with a long or short hair bun, brown bear hair brushes are round, as in the photo above. These brushes are less stiff, but more elastic than bristle brushes, they are highly elastic and soft. Used for "heavy" type of paints: oil. gouache, etc. Brown bear hair brushes are round in shape and are more soft and elastic. They are used to work with tempera, watercolors, ink, etc.

Badger

The hair for these brushes is taken from the tail of a badger. Due to its properties, badger fur has become an ideal material for making oil tools. Badger pile brushes are softer than bristle brushes, have a conical shape, and are distinguished by "fluffiness" The best badger fur brushes are recognizable by the white tip and stripe in the middle.

Manufacturers sometimes imitate them by painting a pig bristle or a goat hair brush, but the latter cannot match a badger hair brush in terms of its working properties. If you are not sure about the authenticity of the brush, pay attention to the following: if the hair has no “abdomen” and tip, and along its length there are twisted and curled hairs, then this is a brush made of goat hair; if there are split hairs, it is pig bristles.

Synthetics

Synthetic brushes are made from nylon, polyester and other fibers.
Synthetic hair based on nylon is tough and does not give off water, so it is not suitable for watercolor painting, but this quality is just appropriate for oil paints and acrylics.
Synthetic hair based on polyesters provides varying degrees of elasticity. Hair of different lengths and diameters are collected in a bundle that gives a capillary effect, which allows you to use such brushes even in watercolor.

Such brushes are less prone to deterioration under the influence of thinners, insects, paints, direct sunlight. But from mechanical impact, these brushes are inferior in wear resistance to natural ones, the villi quickly wear out and become soft. There are many variations of mixed types of brushes with different bristles. Both natural and synthetic fibers are mixed with natural fibers. Recently, the production of synthetic brushes has been actively developing and high-quality synthetics may well replace or supplement natural bristles over time.

A short guide to different materials and types of pile.
Oil - brush bristles, columns, ear hair, synthetics, badger.
Tempera - Synthetics, Badger, Squirrel, Brush Bristles, Columns, Ear Hair
Gouache - ear hair, synthetics, protein, brush bristles, columns
Watercolor - squirrel brush, columns, synthetic imitation.
Acrylic - synthetics, column brush, squirrel.

In addition, there are brushes made from the pile of a fox, a hare (these brushes are made from a special subspecies of a wild hare), a raccoon, from rat fur, from a wild horse's mane, from a pile of a camel, an otter, a ferret, a pharaoh mouse, a young seal, sandstone, a Chinese Angking hog , rabbit, ermine, deer, vegetable fiber, chicken fluff, etc.

In the Petrikov painting, the masters themselves make brushes from the hairs of cat fur, the so-called cats. I even found a master class for those who like to experiment.

And here is how the brushes are collected.

While I was writing this post, I thought a lot about the ethics of making natural brushes. It is clear that the technology has been worked out for centuries and often brushes are made from waste from fur production, but at the same time it is clear that demand can increase the volume of procurement. No one will catch animals and cut off the right amount of hairs from the right places. Therefore, here, as with natural fur coats - beautiful, comfortable, but how humane? I personally switched to synthetics and imitation a long time ago, natural brushes are rather a rarity, while calmly painting watercolors with synthetics, not disdaining the cheapest brushes. I really hope that over time, synthetics will replace natural fibers and they will become more exotic than a necessity.

The old masters made their own paints and brushes. The technology of making brushes is not complicated, but responsible and requires delicacy. This is an unusual business, so few people know the secrets of this craft. However, you can even make brushes at home. So, what is the technology for making art brushes?

1. Preparation of hair or bristles.

In the hairline of animals there is down and straight hair, which is thicker and tougher than down. I wrote about what kind of hair and what animals they make classic brushes for painting. When harvesting hair, you need to sort it by length. The hair bundle should consist of hairs of approximately the same length. The ends of the hair should never be cut off. Why is this important I wrote.

2. Formation of the basis of the future brush.

Further, the hairs in the hair bundle are aligned in some small cylindrical vessel. The bottom of such a vessel should be flat. The hair falls with its trimmed part to the bottom of the cylinder. Now, it needs to be trimmed by gently tapping the bottom of the cylinder on the table. The hairs will settle and straighten out. After that, they are tied into a bun and combed with a fine-toothed comb to remove unnecessary hairs.

3. Degreasing and tanning.

Degreasing is performed by soaking the hair bundle in gasoline for 3 days. After that, it is washed with clean gasoline and dried. After that, the workpiece should be boiled in a 10% solution of potassium alum. This is called tanning. Tanning is necessary in order to make the hair non-hygroscopic, pliable and durable.

4. Hardening.

This procedure is necessary to give the hair its elasticity. The hair of the painting brush should be moderately elastic and tough, moderately elastic. For hardening, the hair of the future brush is wrapped in non-thick paper, for example, in newspaper and tied with thread. Further, the hair is tempered in an oven with hot air at a temperature of 150 degrees. This is done for about an hour. Time and temperature are not the same for different hair types and depend on the type of hair. The temperature can be determined by the color of the paper: if it turns slightly yellowish, then the temperature is insufficient. If it turns brown, then the temperature is over 150 degrees. In this case, the hair will become brittle, so the temperature should not be exceeded. After the initial hardening, the hair is combed to remove unnecessary hairs and the hardening is repeated. Check the quality of hardening by wetting the future brush in water. If the hairs on the surface of the bundle curl, the hardening is insufficient.

5. Knitting a brush.

After all the procedures, the hair bun is untied and placed in a cone of the appropriate size with the hair ends down. Next, tapping the cone on the table, you need to straighten the hair. The hair bun should take on a conical shape (if the brush is to be round or elliptical). After giving the desired shape, short and unnecessary hairs are combed out of the hair. Then the hair bundle is finally tied with a thread. The bandaged area is impregnated with glue.

6. Securing the hair in the capsule.

The capsule is the metal part of the brush, similar to a tapered tube. The hair bundle is placed into the capsule from its wide side, after which the hair inside the capsule is filled with glue. (By the way, primers can be used from old and damaged brushes, having previously cleaned it of glue and hair.) The hair length of the future brush must be adjusted depending on its purpose. Too long hair makes the brush soft and unable to keep its shape well, but flexible and holding a large amount of paint. On the contrary, a short hair will make your brush stiff and stubborn.

7. Attaching the capsule to the handle.

Finally, the capsule is put on the wooden handle. Previously, glue is instilled into the capsule. After that, the capsule is pressed onto a wooden handle. The brush handle can be tinted, painted and varnished.

If everything is done correctly, then the brush will turn out to be no worse than the factory one. Therefore, I wish you success in this rare craft!

Thread tassels are a beautiful decoration that is used in different types decorating. These are knitted hats and scarves, trim or ropes for curtains, edges for blankets or bedspreads. Tassels decorate the clasps of bags and wallets, make earrings and beads. The material for manufacturing is also different. These are thin sewing threads, thick woolen threads for knitting, leather strips and thin twisted ropes. In this article, we will look at how to make a thread brush.

Material for making

In order to make this jewelry, you need to have:

  • a spool or skein of thread from which the brush will be wound;
  • winding template (made of thick cardboard or you can use a plastic card);
  • scissors;
  • cotton threads of the same color for tying the bundle;
  • awl;
  • needle;
  • a pot of boiling water or an electric kettle.

Step-by-step instruction

Step # 1. You need to take a template by cutting it a little longer in length than necessary for a brush. It should be very dense, not bend, especially if the do-it-yourself thread tassels are not made in a single copy. For them to be the same, the template must not deform.

Step # 2. This is followed by the process of winding threads. Here you need to take into account the thickness and splendor of the future product. If you need a thin and flat brush, for example, on a bag, then you need to wind several layers of threads. The thicker the brush, the more layers are wound around the template. Moreover, you need to pull them tight so that the rings do not hang down, but tightly wrap around the cardboard.

Step # 3. The most crucial step is linking the layers. When the desired thickness is reached, the edge is trimmed with scissors. Take separately either the same thread, or thick cotton matched in color (for strength and greater reliability) and for a start tighten the knot that pulls together all the layers (anywhere, even in the middle of the cardboard).

Step # 4. Then all layers are removed from the template. The diagram shows how to make a thread brush using a needle. For sewing, the main thread is taken from which the decoration was made. It turns out a dense head through which the ends pass.

Step # 5. The formed tassel still looks very untidy, all the threads are wrinkled and round. The next stage of work is to align them. This can be done in several ways. You can use an iron, hair straightener. This article describes the steam alignment method.

Step 6. To do this, you need to boil a pot or kettle to generate steam. The brush is put on an awl or a long knitting needle (so as not to get scalded by the hot air) and held over the pan for 5 minutes.

Finishing touch

Now you know how to make a thread brush. But it is also important and difficult to cut the edges evenly so that all the threads are the same length. There is one method that makes this process much easier and more efficient.

After aligning the threads, you need to take a thick sheet of paper and roll a brush into it. It remains only to cut the threads along with the paper with sharp scissors.

It turned out to be a smooth, beautiful tassel, which can only be sewn to the finished product.

The use of such decorations

Nowadays, decorative elements such as tassels are very widely used in various products. Fashion designers have long been decorating the interiors of rooms with curtains with the addition of such elements on the bottom or side of the curtains. Beautiful ropes with huge bright satin threads adorn the curtain holders.

Often tassels are used by craftswomen when knitting things: hats, berets, shawls, blankets, sweaters, etc.

The latest fashion trend is the production of earrings and other jewelry from tassels made of bright thin strings or leather. You can perfectly do this work yourself at home. To do this, you need to buy shiny, thin twisted threads.

Before you make a brush from threads for earrings, you need to make two identical elements and put them on metal rings, which are fixed on purchased ear hooks. They can be purchased at any store that sells these types of products. Having learned how to make such things, you can make a number of jewelry for any color of the dress. You can make combined multi-colored tassels by adding threads from different skeins.

 

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