Sun hardening presentation. hardening. Tips on how to make a good presentation or project report

hardening- a system of preventive measures aimed at the body's resistance to adverse factors environment. Wellness hardening helps the body to increase adaptation to conditions external environment. That is, a hardened organism, even with significant fluctuations in ambient temperature, maintains a temperature internal organs within fairly narrow limits. For example: with a sharp decrease or increase in the temperature of the external environment, a hardened organism will react sharply by constriction or expansion of blood vessels to the threat of possible strong cooling or overheating, and will limit or increase heat transfer. Whereas an unhardened organism will not be able to react so quickly, and will get hypothermia or overheating.

In addition, hardening a person increases the endurance of the body, strengthens the nervous system, increases immunity and resistance to diseases. Hardening of the body can be divided into several types depending on the procedures performed:

Aerotherapy - hardening with air. This type hardening includes air baths and long walks in the fresh air. Fresh air hardens the body by cooling the skin receptors and nerve endings of the mucosa and thereby improves the body's thermoregulation. Hardening with air is useful for the psycho-emotional state of a person, increasing immunity, saturating the body with oxygen, and thereby contributes to the normalization of the work of most organs and body systems. . Air hardening is the simplest and most affordable hardening method. You need to spend more time outdoors, regardless of the weather and season. You need to try to spend more time walking in parks, forests, near water bodies, since in summer the air in such places is saturated with useful active substances that are released by plants. In winter, walks in forests and parks are also very important, since winter air contains practically no microbes, is more saturated with oxygen and has a healing effect on the entire body.

Heliotherapy - hardening by the sun, the impact on the body of sunlight and heat. Hardening by the sun increases the stability of the nervous system, accelerates the body's metabolic processes, increases the body's resistance, improves blood circulation, improves the functioning of the muscular system, and has a tonic effect on almost all body functions. Hardening by the sun can not only be beneficial, but also very harmful, so this type of hardening must be treated very responsibly and all the rules of hardening by the sun must be observed. In no case should burns, overheating and thermal shock be allowed. Improper hardening by the sun can lead to serious illnesses. Hardening by the sun should occur gradually and take into account the age, state of human health, climatic conditions and other factors.

Walking barefoot.

Lvova lyudmila vitalevna, 17.09.2017

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Development content

hardening- This is a system of preventive measures aimed at the body's resistance to adverse environmental factors. Improving hardening helps the body to increase adaptation to environmental conditions. That is, a hardened organism, even with significant fluctuations in ambient temperature, maintains the temperature of internal organs within fairly narrow limits. For example: with a sharp decrease or increase in the temperature of the external environment, a hardened organism will react sharply by constriction or expansion of blood vessels to the threat of possible strong cooling or overheating, and will limit or increase heat transfer. Whereas an unhardened organism will not be able to react so quickly, and will get hypothermia or overheating.

In addition, hardening a person increases the endurance of the body, strengthens the nervous system, increases immunity and resistance to diseases.
Hardening of the body can be divided into several types depending on the procedures performed:

Aerotherapy - hardening with air. This type of hardening includes air baths and long walks in the fresh air. Fresh air hardens the body by cooling the skin receptors and nerve endings of the mucosa and thereby improves the body's thermoregulation. Hardening with air is useful for the psycho-emotional state of a person, increasing immunity, saturating the body with oxygen, and thereby contributes to the normalization of the work of most organs and body systems.
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Air hardening is the simplest and most affordable hardening method. You need to spend more time outdoors, regardless of the weather and season. You need to try to spend more time walking in parks, forests, near water bodies, since in summer the air in such places is saturated with useful active substances that are released by plants. In winter, walks in forests and parks are also very important, since winter air contains practically no microbes, is more saturated with oxygen and has a healing effect on the entire body.

Heliotherapy - hardening by the sun, exposure of the body to sunlight and heat. Hardening by the sun increases the stability of the nervous system, accelerates the body's metabolic processes, increases the body's resistance, improves blood circulation, improves the functioning of the muscular system, and has a tonic effect on almost all body functions.
Hardening by the sun can not only be beneficial, but also very harmful, so this type of hardening must be treated very responsibly and all the rules of hardening by the sun must be observed. In no case should burns, overheating and thermal shock be allowed. Improper hardening by the sun can lead to serious illnesses. Hardening by the sun should occur gradually and take into account age, human health, climatic conditions and other factors.

Walking barefoot. This type of hardening is useful for both children and adults. There are a large number of biologically active points on the feet of a person, which, when walking barefoot, are stimulated and help to normalize the work of many organs and systems of the body. Walking barefoot increases the body's resistance to colds, improves immunity. This type of hardening is a good prevention of many diseases.

Hardening with water. Hardening with water is a very useful procedure for the human body. With water hardening, blood circulation in the body is more intense, bringing additional oxygen and nutrients to the organs and systems of the body.
Rubbing. Rubbing is the most gentle and sparing of all hardening procedures with water. Rubbing can be applied from the earliest childhood. Rubbing can be done with a sponge, hand or towel dipped in water. First they wipe the upper part of the body, then rub it with a dry towel, and then they wipe the lower part of the body and also rub it with a dry towel.
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Pouring. Dousing is a more effective procedure than wiping. Pouring can be general, that is, the whole body and local - dousing the legs. After the dousing procedure, it is necessary to rub the body with a dry towel.
Shower. Shower hardening is an even more effective hardening procedure than rubbing and dousing. There are two options for hardening the shower, this is a cool (cold) shower cold and hot shower.
Therapeutic bathing and ice swimming. This type of water hardening is becoming more and more popular every year. Therapeutic bathing and winter swimming have a great effect on all organs and systems of the human body, the work of the heart and lungs improves, the thermoregulation system improves. This type of hardening involves the strictest observance of all the rules for this type. It is necessary to start winter swimming after consulting a doctor.

hardening rules

It is necessary to start hardening procedures when a person is completely healthy. Children and people suffering from various diseases can start hardening with sparing procedures and only after consulting a doctor.
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The principle of gradualism must be observed. This applies to both the temperature regime and the time frame of hardening procedures. When hardening with water, you need to start the procedure with water at room temperature, gradually lowering it by 1-2 degrees. When hardening by the sun, it is also necessary to observe the principle of gradualness and start exposure to the sun from a few minutes, gradually increasing the time spent in the sun.
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It is also very important to carry out hardening procedures regularly, without long intervals, in any weather and season. If, nevertheless, it so happened that you interrupted hardening for a long time, then it is necessary to resume it with more gentle procedures.
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Combine hardening with exercise. This will greatly increase the effectiveness of hardening procedures and have a beneficial effect on the entire body.
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Hardening should bring cheerfulness and joy. If you feel unwell after hardening procedures, then you need to stop hardening and consult a doctor.
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When hardening, it is necessary to take into account the individual characteristics of a person, the state of health, the season, natural and climatic conditions, and so on.
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Performing hardening procedures, it is necessary to carry out self-control. Assess general health, pulse, blood pressure, appetite and other indicators depending on the individual characteristics of the body.
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Remember that hardening is one of the components healthy lifestyle life. Don't forget to pay attention your diet and other aspects of your life.

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Hardening is an increase in the body's resistance to adverse effects on the human body by various natural factors: air, water, sun, low and high temperatures (relative to body temperature) and low atmospheric pressure. The goal is to increase the functional reserves of the body and its resistance to the adverse effects of these factors.

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Air baths

Air baths are one of the hardening methods (air hardening), when freely moving air acts on a partially or completely naked body. The healing power of fresh air lies in its richness in oxygen, light ions, phytoncides and other substances beneficial to the body. The main factor affecting a person is air temperature.

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sunbathing

It is well known that hardening by the sun increases the body's resistance to adverse environmental factors. With moderate exposure to sunbathing, metabolic processes in the body are accelerated, the level of hemoglobin rises, and the work of the circulatory system normalizes.

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Water procedures

Water procedures are hygienic and wellness procedures that are associated with the external use of water.

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Rubdown

Rubbing- First stage hardening with water. Within a few days, wipes are made with a towel, sponge, or simply with a hand moistened with water. At first they wipe only to the waist, then they move on to wiping the whole body. Rubbing is carried out in the direction of blood and lymph flow - from the periphery to the center.

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Pouring

Pouring - characterized by the action of low water temperature, low pressure of the jet falling on the surface of the body. This dramatically enhances the effect of irritation, so dousing is contraindicated for people with increased excitability and the elderly.

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Shower

D u sh - even more energetic water treatment. Due to mechanical irritation by falling water, the shower causes a strong local and general reaction of the body. For hardening, a shower with an average jet force is used - in the form of a fan or rain.

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Sea chewing (swimming in cold water)

Swimming in open water is one of the most effective ways hardening. The temperature regime is combined with simultaneous exposure to the surface of the body of air and sunlight. Swimming, in addition, is of great health value, contributes to the harmonious development of the body, strengthens the muscular, cardiovascular and respiratory systems, and forms very important motor skills.

"The Art of the Land of the Rising Sun" - On islands in salty waters An ancient country lay. Spring Festival. The tradition of building rock gardens is very ancient. There are special stands for chopsticks: hasioki. Japan is figuratively called: Ikebana. Clothing of Japanese women-KIMONO. Victorious Wind. The art of love. Pagoda. For a long time I looked At the whiteness of chrysanthemums - Not a speck of dust!

“Prishvin Pantry of the Sun” - How does the landscape help us imagine the mood of the characters? “Get up, my friend! In one less human, In another, much more, And in some, a lot. And we will help and serve you! The sun gives all living things maternal warmth, life. Sleeps, hiding until the time: You look, and not see.

"Hardening schoolchildren" - Rational nutrition. Assessment of physical performance by determining the respiratory capacity of the body. Rejection bad habits. hardening. mental health. Physical activity. Health formula. How many people from the sick are hardening. hygiene standards. Mode of work and rest.

"Star Sun" - When the sun sets, the night begins. The sun is very hot. Star Regulus. Without the Sun, our cosmic home - the solar system - is dark and cold. Star Aldebaran. Scientists who study the Sun say that its surface resembles a boiling "porridge". At night, the moon and stars shine, but their light is weaker than the sun.

"Sun Energy" - Solar energy is available to everyone! solar energy. Research plan. We need new options, new ideas. Survey "The energy of the sun in your home." Do you think solar energy has development prospects? Work in progress, assessments in progress. Advantages of using solar energy. The implementation of both possibilities is still in its infancy.

"Eclipse of the Sun" - It is quite obvious that eclipses of the Sun can only occur during the new moon. The course of rays during a solar eclipse. Most often, occultations of stars occur, less often planetary occultations occur. Outside the cone of penumbra, the entire disk of the Sun is visible, and no eclipse is observed. Eclipse. Solar Eclipses. Presentation on the topic: Solar eclipse.

Introduction.

Hardening principles
Basic hardening methods

What is hardening ?

hardening is a set of measures to increase the body's resistance to the effects of adverse weather and climatic conditions. hardening This is a kind of training of the body's defenses. Tempering procedures normalize the state of the emotional sphere, make a person more restrained, balanced, they give vigor, improve mood. Hardening increases the efficiency and endurance of the body. A hardened person easily endures not only heat and cold, but also sudden changes in external temperature, which can weaken the body's defenses.
The most important preventive role of hardening is that hardening does not cure, but prevents the disease. Hardening can be used by anyone, regardless of the degree of physical development.

From the history of hardening.

As a means of increasing the body's defenses, hardening arose in ancient times. The Slavic peoples of Ancient Russia used a bath to improve their health, followed by rubbing with snow or swimming in a river or lake at any time of the year. The bath performed therapeutic and health-improving functions. Special attention hardening was given in the Russian army, where the Russian bath was also widely used for “strength and health of the body”.

Hardening principles.

hardening- this is the skillful use of the mechanisms of protection and adaptation of the body. It allows you to use hidden opportunities organism, to mobilize at the right time the protective forces and thereby eliminate the dangerous influence of unfavorable environmental factors on it.

When carrying out hardening, it is best to adhere to the well-known medical rule: weak stimuli contribute to a better administration of functions, strong ones interfere with it, excessive ones are fatal.
Hardening must be carried out according to the following mechanisms:

The systematic use of hardening procedures.

Hardening of the body should be carried out systematically, day after day throughout the year, regardless of weather conditions and without long breaks. Then the body develops a certain stereotyped reaction to the applied stimulus: changes in body response to the effects of cold developing as a result of re-cooling, are fixed And persist only when strict cooling repetition mode. - Interruptions in hardening reduce the body's acquired resistance to temperature effects. So, carrying out hardening procedures for 2-3 months, and then stopping them, leads to the fact that the hardening of the body disappears after a month, and in children after a week. - In the event of the appearance of signs of the disease, hardening is temporarily stopped; after recovery, it should be resumed from the initial period.

The gradual increase in the strength of the irritating effect.

Hardening will give a positive result if the strength and duration of the hardening procedures are gradually increased. You should not start hardening immediately with wiping with snow or swimming in an ice hole. Such hardening can be harmful to health. The transition from less strong impacts to stronger ones should be carried out gradually, taking into account the state of the body and the nature of its responses to the applied impact.
At the beginning of the application of hardening procedures, the body has a certain response from the respiratory, cardiovascular and central nervous systems. As this procedure is repeatedly repeated, the reaction of the body to it gradually weakens, and its further use no longer has a hardening effect. Then it is necessary to change the strength and duration of the impact of hardening procedures on the body.

Sequence in carrying out hardening procedures.

It is necessary to pre-train the body with more gentle procedures.
You can start with wiping, foot baths, and only then proceed to dousing, while observing the principle of gradual decrease in temperature.

Accounting for the individual characteristics of a person and his state of health.

Before you start taking hardening procedures, you should consult a doctor, as hardening has a very strong effect on the body, especially on people who start it for the first time. Given the age and condition of the body, the doctor will help you choose the right hardening agent and advise how to use it in order to prevent undesirable consequences.
Observation of a doctor during hardening will determine efficiency hardening procedures, detect unwanted deviations in health and to plan further hardening. Evaluation of the effectiveness of hardening is self-control over your well-being and on the basis of this you can change the dosage of hardening procedures. Self-control is carried out taking into account the following indicators: general health, body weight, pulse, appetite, sleep.

The impact of natural factors.

The main means of hardening are air, water, sunlight; combination with physical exercises increases the effectiveness of hardening procedures. The effectiveness of hardening procedures is significantly increased if they are combined with sports exercises. At the same time, it is important to ensure that the magnitude of the loads on the body is also different.

Basic hardening methods.

Air hardening.

The most common and accessible form of hardening is the use of fresh air. Walking is very important for health promotion.

The hardening effect of air on the body helps to increase the tone of the nervous and endocrine systems, improves digestion processes, and improves the activity of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Staying in the fresh air improves the overall well-being of the body, influencing the emotional state, causes a feeling of cheerfulness, freshness.

A more pronounced effect cool and moderately cold air baths. Taking for the purpose of hardening more and more cool.
Air baths, we thereby train the body to low temperatures providing thermoregulatory processes.
Warm baths, not providing hardening, however, also have positive influence on the body. A person tolerates heat more easily in dry air than in humid air. Dry air contributes to the loss of moisture from the body.

Air procedures for the purpose of hardening, they can be used by a dressed person in the open air (walks, sports activities), or by a naked person (sunbathing on the seashore, reading a book on an open veranda).

Air baths.

Air hardening prepares the body for subsequent hardening procedures, such as water hardening.
The dosage of air baths is carried out in two ways: a gradual decrease in air temperature and an increase in the duration of the procedure at the same temperature.
It is necessary to start taking air baths in a room, regardless of the season, at a temperature not lower than 15-16 ° C, and only after a while you can move to the open air. They are taken in a well-ventilated area. Having exposed the body, one should remain in this state at the beginning of the hardening course for no more than 3-5 minutes (further increasing the time). When taking cool and especially cold baths, it is recommended to make active movements: gymnastic exercises, walking, running in place.

After appropriate preliminary preparation, you can proceed to the reception air baths outdoors. They should be taken in places protected from direct sunlight and strong winds. It is necessary to start taking air baths in the open air with an air temperature of 20-22 ° C. The first air bath should last no more than 15 minutes, each subsequent one should be 10-15 minutes longer.

An important condition for the effectiveness of hardening in the open air is the wearing of clothing appropriate to weather conditions. Clothing must allow free circulation of air.

Hardening with water.

An indicator of the influence of water hardening procedures is the reaction of the skin. - If at the beginning of the procedure it turns pale for a short time, and then turns red, then this indicates a positive effect, therefore, the physiological mechanisms of thermoregulation cope with cooling. - If the reaction of the skin is weak, blanching and redness is absent - this means insufficient exposure. It is necessary to slightly lower the temperature of the water or increase the duration of the procedure. A sharp blanching of the skin, a feeling of severe cold, chills and trembling indicate hypothermia. In this case, it is necessary to reduce the cold load, increase the water temperature or reduce the procedure time.

Rubdown- the initial stage of hardening with water. It is carried out with a towel, sponge or just a hand moistened with water. Rubbing is done sequentially: neck, chest, back, then they are wiped dry and rubbed with a towel until redness. After that, they wipe their feet and also rub them. The whole procedure is carried out within five minutes.
Pouring- the next stage of hardening. For the first douche, it is advisable to use water with a temperature of about + 30 ° C, further reducing it to + 15 ° C and below. After dousing, vigorous rubbing of the body with a towel is carried out.
Shower– even more effective water procedure. At the beginning of hardening, the water temperature should be about + 30-32 ° C and the duration should not be more than a minute. In the future, you can gradually reduce the temperature and increase the duration up to 2 minutes, including rubbing the body. With a good degree of hardening, you can take a contrast shower, alternating 2-3 times water 35-40 ° C with water 13-20 ° C for 3 minutes. Regular intake of these water procedures causes a feeling of freshness, vivacity, increased efficiency.

Hardening of the pharynx.

Gargling held every day in the morning and evening. Initially, water with a temperature of 23-25 ° C is used, gradually every week it decreases by 1-2 ° C and is brought to 5-10 ° C.

For hardening, it is recommended to use local water procedures along with general ones. The most common of them is gargling with cold water, as this hardens the most vulnerable parts of the body to cooling.

In recent years, more and more attention has been winter swimming . Winter bathing and swimming affect almost all bodily functions. In walruses, the work of the lungs and heart is noticeably improved, gas exchange increases, and the thermoregulation system improves. Winter swimming lessons should be started only after a preliminary hardening training. Swimming in an ice-hole usually begins with a small warm-up, which includes gymnastic exercises and light running. Stay in the water lasts no more than 30-40 seconds. (for long-term practitioners - 90 seconds). Be sure to swim in a cap. After leaving the water, energetic movements are made, the body is wiped dry with a towel and self-massage is performed.

Hardening in a steam room.

Bath is an excellent hygienic, healing and hardening agent. Under the influence of the bath procedure, the body's working capacity and its emotional tone increase, recovery processes are accelerated after intense and prolonged physical work. As a result of regular visits to the bath, the body's resistance to colds and infectious diseases increases. Staying in the steam section of the bath causes the expansion of blood vessels, increases blood circulation in all tissues of the body. Under the influence of high temperature, sweat is intensively released, which contributes to the removal of harmful metabolic products from the body. Bath procedures are not recommended for people suffering from cardiovascular diseases, hypertension.

Sun hardening.

Solar infrared rays have a pronounced thermal effect on the body. They contribute to the formation of additional heat in the body. As a result, the activity of the sweat glands increases and the evaporation of moisture from the surface of the skin increases: the subcutaneous vessels expand and skin hyperemia occurs, blood flow increases, and this improves blood circulation in all tissues of the body. UV irradiation has a great biological effect: it promotes the formation of vitamin D in the body, which has a pronounced antirachitic effect; speeds up metabolic processes. UV rays improve blood composition, have a bactericidal effect, thereby increasing the body's resistance to colds and infectious diseases; they have a tonic effect on almost all body functions.
Leather different people has varying degrees of sensitivity to solar radiation. This is due to the thickness of the stratum corneum, the degree of blood supply to the skin and its ability to pigmentation.

Sunbathing.

sunbathing for the purpose of hardening, it should be taken very carefully, otherwise, instead of benefit, they will bring harm (burns, heat and sunstroke). Sunbathing is best in the morning, when the air is especially clean and not too hot, and in the late afternoon, when the sun is setting. Their duration should not exceed 5 minutes (then add 3-5 minutes, gradually increasing to an hour). You can't sleep while sunbathing! The head should be covered with panama, and the eyes with dark glasses.
In conclusion, I note that hardening is an important means of preventing the adverse effects of weather and climate conditions on the body. The systematic use of hardening procedures increases the overall level of human health.

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Contents: 1. What is hardening? 2. Ways of hardening. 3. Pouring. 4. Rubbing. 5. Sunbathing. 6. Air baths. 7. Bathing in open water. 8. Walking barefoot. 9. Winter swimming. 10. Hardening rules.

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What is hardening? Hardening is an increase in the body's resistance to the adverse effects of a number of environmental factors (low or high temperature) by systematically affecting the body of these factors. Hardening is based on the ability of the human body to adapt to changing environmental conditions.

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The use of hardening procedures has been known to man since ancient times. Hippocrates (an ancient Greek physician, a reformer of ancient medicine) assigned a large role to them in strengthening health. In his opinion, cold hardening procedures have a special healing power, and those who keep the body warm acquire muscle weakness, nerve weakness, fainting and bleeding.

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Pouring. good method hardening is dousing with cold water. To do this, take 2 - 3 buckets of cold water of the desired temperature and pour it over the whole body. The main role in dousing is played by thermal irritation of the skin, reflexively has a tonic, breathing. After dousing, the body must be wiped with a dry towel.

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Rubbing. Wiping procedure: a towel, sponge or a special cloth mitt is moistened in water and squeezed lightly. Then, one by one, the hands are rubbed (in the direction from the fingers to the shoulders), neck, chest, abdomen, back and legs. After that, the body is rubbed with a dry, hard towel until redness and a pleasant sensation of warmth appear.

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Sunbathing. This type of hardening should be taken wisely, otherwise, instead of benefit, they can cause skin burns, overheating of the body, sunstroke, overexcitation of the nervous system. It is advisable to combine sunbathing with water procedures. After taking it, it is recommended to stay in the shade for 10-15 minutes, and then take a shower or swim.

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Air baths. This type is available to everyone at any time of the year. Air acts directly on our body. Skin, leads to a number of biochemical changes in tissue cells, irritates the skin receptors of the nervous system. Air baths are best used outdoors, it is useful to combine them with various physical exercises - walking, running, gymnastics.

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Swimming in open waters. The most effective means of hardening is swimming in open water. During bathing, the body is simultaneously affected by the sun, air and water. Before you swim, be sure to pay attention to the rules safe behavior when bathing. Swimming is recommended not earlier than 1 - 1.5 hours after eating.

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Barefoot. Walking barefoot has been used for centuries to prevent and treat many diseases. modern science confirms the benefits of barefoot walking. Walking on fresh snow at first should be no more than 2 - 4 minutes. Walking barefoot is the strongest preventive and healing tool, one of the components of a healthy lifestyle system.

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