Class hour on the topic "April 1 - International Bird Day. Birds are our friends." International bird day 1 april bird day activities

(International Bird Day), which is timed to coincide with the beginning of their return from their wintering grounds.

The purpose of the holiday is to preserve the species diversity and number of birds.

At the beginning of the 20th century, on March 19, 1902, the "International Convention for the Protection of Birds Useful in agriculture", which was signed by more than ten states. It entered into force on December 12, 1905. On October 18, 1950, the" International Convention for the Conservation of Birds "was signed in Paris, replacing the previous document for most of the member states.

The very same Bird Day is associated with a children's holiday organized in 1894 by Charles Babcock, a teacher from the small American city of Oil City. He was supported by the Pittsburgh Telegraph Chronicle newspaper, which began to actively popularize the holiday. Moreover, the newspaper has organized a special club-museum for the protection of birds for schoolchildren. Soon, Bird Day began to be widely held as a folk holiday in all states of the country.

The idea of holding the Bird Day found support in Russia as well. In our country, bird protection was organized back in the days of tsarist Russia, and by the beginning of the 20th century, several dozen organizations were already engaged in this matter. Among them are the ornithological committee at the Russian Society for the Acclimatization of Animals and Plants, the Permanent Environmental Commission at the Russian Geographical Society, and the Russian Society for the Protection of Animals, founded in 1865. Children's organizations were also opened in the cities - the so-called May Unions for the study and protection of birds. They were created on the basis of schools and united children of nine or eleven years old, who wore the emblem on their headdresses - a flying swallow. In 1910 school teacher Petr Buzuk in the village of Khortitsa founded the country's first Society for Conservation of Nature, the symbol of which was the bird's nest.

Members of the society fed the birds and hung out nests for them. After the 1917 revolution, the May children's unions ceased to exist, but the idea of bird protection was taken up by the youth organizations. In the summer of 1924, the first and only All-Union congress of young naturalists in the USSR was held, at which the teacher of the Central Biostation Nikolai Dergunov proposed to re-establish the Day of Birds. Since 1926, this date has been celebrated in the USSR as an official holiday. In 1927, Bird Day was held in all districts of Moscow, about 5 thousand children took part in it. In 1928, the number of participants reached 65 thousand, they hung more than 15 thousand birdhouses.

The annual celebration of Bird Day was cut short by war, but in 1948 the movement was revived. The holiday gained even greater scope, in 1953, 5 million schoolchildren were attracted to participate in it. But by the 60s and 70s of the 20th century, the celebration of the Day of the Birds came to naught again. The holiday was revived in 1999 thanks to the Russian Bird Conservation Union, founded in 1993.

Bird watchers warn that if the birds disappear, an ecological disaster will ensue, and its consequences for humans can be unpredictable. In their opinion, destruction will cause irreparable damage to biological diversity.

The number of species included in the Red Data Books of various levels can serve as an indicator of the unfavorable situation with birds. Out of about 10 thousand species of birds of the world fauna, more than 1200 species are included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature, or every eighth species of birds on our planet. To the Red Book Russian Federation 123 species of birds were included. This means that every sixth bird species in Russia is under threat. The situation is even more alarming in regions with intensive economic activities- so, 68 bird species are listed in the Red Book of the Moscow Region, or every third nesting species in the Moscow Region. The number of species included in various Red Data Books and Red Lists - from regional to international ones - is constantly growing.

The Russian Bird Conservation Union annually chooses "Bird of the Year". This title can be given to a species or systematic group of birds, widespread in most of the territory of Russia, easily recognizable and in need of human attention and help. The "Bird of the Year" campaign helps to remind our compatriots about the problems of wildlife conservation.

The selected bird is in the center of attention in "its year". There is a nationwide collection of data on its number and distribution, people are helping to solve its problems. The participants of the action propagandize the beauty of this bird with their creativity and talk about the vulnerability of the living world.

In 2016, the hoopoe was chosen as the "Bird of the Year". This is one of the brightest and most memorable birds in our country. An unusual contrasting color - dark and white stripes on the red plumage. On the head is a magnificent crest, "mohawk", which the bird then folds on the back of the head, then unfolds in all its splendor. The male and female are colored almost the same, only the females are slightly less bright, and there is no pinkish bloom on their chest.

Depending on the geographical latitude, the bird can be sedentary, nomadic or migratory. In our country, the hoopoe is a migratory bird. It usually appears at the end of April, and flies off for wintering at the end of summer or autumn. The hoopoe is common only in the southern regions of our country. The closer to the northern border of the range, the lower its number. In a number of subjects of the Russian Federation, the species is listed in the regional Red Data Books (for example, Lipetsk, Moscow, Tver, Kirov, Novosibirsk and Tomsk regions, the republics of Bashkortostan, Mari El, Tatarstan, Udmurtia).

Outside Russia, hoopoes nest in Europe, Central, South and Southeast Asia, Africa and Madagascar.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

It was not by chance that the spring date was chosen for the Day of Birds. At this time, the birds return from their wintering places, begin to equip nests in order to produce offspring. Many of them are exhausted from the long flight and in particular need our help. And we are quite capable of providing it. Before the celebration, for a long time, not indifferent adults, teachers and representatives of science gave lectures to children about the need for environmental protection measures.

The guys made birdhouses, feeders and placed them in the trees. Such simple measures are very important for nature conservation. They teach children to take care of nature and love it, protect the environment, foster mercy and compassion for all life on Earth. The annual celebration of Bird Day was cut short by war, but in 1948 the movement was revived. The holiday gained even greater scope, in 1953, 5 million schoolchildren were attracted to participate in it. But by the 60s – 70s of the 20th century, the celebration of the Day of the Birds had come to naught again.

The holiday was revived in 1999 thanks to the Russian Bird Conservation Union, founded in 1993. In the very first year in Moscow alone, 500 people took part in the Day of Birds, they hung more than 500 birdhouses. In 2000, the Moscow government joined the organization of the holiday and adopted the Bird Day as a citywide event. And today it is the most famous of the "bird" holidays in our country.

The International Bird Day is celebrated annually on April 1. On March 19, 1902, the International Convention for the Protection of Birds Useful in Agriculture was signed. Russia joined this convention in 1927. However, even before that, people in our country celebrated the return of migratory birds. In the popular mind, this event has always been associated with the beginning of spring. On this day, April 1, in the old days, it was customary to bake lark dough and sing special song-calls. Another old tradition International Day birds is hanging birdhouses and other bird houses.

Pages of history

It was in Russia for the first time that people began to attract birds to artificial nesting sites. Russian peasants also hung houses made of bark for starlings.

In St. Petersburg in 1900, the book "General protection of birds, its foundations and implementation" was published, the author of which was Baron Hans von Berlepsch. this work became one of the first in the world dedicated to the problems of bird conservation. It should be noted that the Church actively promoted the protection of birds. She has published various books on nature conservation.

In our country, killing useful birds and ruining nests has always been considered a crime. Ruining a swallow's nest was a serious sin. The birds mentioned in the Bible were especially revered: the dove, crossbill and bullfinch. According to popular beliefs, many birds brought happiness. For example, it was believed that storks bring children. And here are the crows and predator birds in Russia they were considered harmful and associated with evil spirits.

The Soviet Union in 1918 signed the "International Treaty on migratory birds". It must be said that this agreement is in force in our time.

In Paris on October 18, 1950, the International Convention for the Conservation of Birds was signed. This convention was to replace the outdated 1902 document. In that document, birds were differentiated into “useful” and “harmful”. Almost all hawks were classified as harmful birds. Later, many of these species were completely lost, while others were included in the Red Book.

I must say that during the years of the revolution holiday on April 1 "International Day of Birds" was forgotten. Its revival began in 1924, thanks to the efforts of the Moscow youth scientists of the central biological station. And in 1925, the first official Day of Birds was celebrated in Soviet Russia. This event has become significant enough. At that time, a huge number of bird houses were hung by the Junnats throughout the capital. Vladimir Mayakovsky also took an active part in this holiday. In 1928, this holiday was widely celebrated not only in Moscow, but also in other cities of our country. The magazines of those times actively encouraged people to take part in the holiday.

Then the celebration of the International Day of the Birds was stopped for the duration of the war. But already in the late 40s, early 50s of the 20th century, they remembered about him again.

In fact, a similar holiday appeared even a little earlier and it was established in America in 1894 as children's party... It originated in the small town of Oil City in Pennsylvania. The initiator of its creation was the local teacher Charles Babcock. The public and the press supported this initiative, so the holiday soon began to be celebrated throughout America. By the beginning of the last century, he penetrated into our country. In Russia, school May unions began to be created, which were specially created for the protection of animals and birds.

The meaning of the holiday April 1

Why is April 1st, International Bird Day, so important to us? What is worth thinking about on this spring holiday?

Rare birds must be protected so that they do not disappear completely. According to scientists, around the world since 1600, about 100 species of birds have disappeared. Almost all of them were represented by small populations living on sea islands. Many of these species did not know how to fly and were not afraid of the person who exterminated them.

Unfortunately, the problem of the disappearance of birds still exists today. Many species are now on the verge of extinction or under threat.

Many states have laws and take part in international agreements regarding the protection of migratory birds. It should be noted that the greatest threat to birds is not even posed by hunters, but by human activities. So, for example, such high-rise buildings as TV towers, skyscrapers and similar buildings are extremely dangerous obstacles for migratory birds.

Birds are often run over or crushed by cars. A large number of seabirds dies due to oil spills in the seas.

Pollution is also a very big threat. environment... In this case, pollutants are usually divided into natural and artificial. Natural pollutants include substances that are constantly present in nature. Artificial pollutants are various chemicals that are virtually absent from nature. They are harmful and even poisonous to animals and birds.

City dwellers are quite indifferent to birds. The cities are dominated by pigeons, sparrows, crows and tits. We rarely pay attention to them, only feeding them occasionally. Unfortunately, very few people today make feeders or bird houses.

April 1st, Bird Day, was a very useful initiative, but over time it turned into a boring formal event. In the early 70s, all this led to a complete degeneration in our country. folk holidays associated with the Day of the Birds.

The holiday International Day of Birds was revived again only in 1994, and the Union for the Conservation of Birds of Russia contributed to this. It is an all-Russian non-profit public organization... Its employees strive to preserve species diversity, abundance and habitats wild birds in our country. Currently, its branches are already operating in 60 regions of the Russian Federation.

This organization was founded on February 9, 1993. In 1995, she started publishing a newsletter entitled "The World of Birds".

Representatives of this organization conduct various actions in the protection of birds, organize conferences and training seminars, and publish scientific papers and collections, newsletters and other special literature.

We congratulate all the inhabitants of our planet on this wonderful holiday on April 1, the International Day of Birds. Let us work together to take care of the world around us. Both animals and birds, especially those that live in parallel with us in our cities and villages, need our help and care. Let's be kinder and more merciful ...

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International Bird Day is celebrated every year around the world. It appeared at the end of the 19th century in America. In just a few years, it began to spread very quickly across different countries... This holiday is considered the very first to appear in the so-called "ecological calendar". It was celebrated in Europe already in 1906.

International Bird Day in Russia. The beginning of the story

Having reached Russia, the International Bird Day received great recognition. By that time, bird protection had already been organized here. At the beginning of the twentieth century, there were dozens of different committees dealing with this matter. In a word, patronage of wildlife flourished in Russia.

May unions and youth organizations

The study and protection of birds also attracted children. For this purpose, special May organizations were opened on the basis of schools. Nine-eleven-year-olds were united in detachments. Their distinctive mark was headdresses with the image of a flying swallow.

Since 1910, a special society has also been created for nature lovers in the village of Khortitsa. Its participants fed the birds and hung birdhouses for them.

The May unions were closed immediately after the revolution. Nevertheless, the youth organizations took up their idea.

In 1924, at their All-Union Congress, it was proposed to re-establish the International Day of Birds. After 2 years, the holiday was already recognized as official. And after a couple of years, the number of participants in various events dedicated to this day was simply colossal! About 65 thousand children in Moscow alone hung birdhouses and fed the birds. Thus, every year the International Day of Birds was celebrated brighter and brighter in Russia. Its date falls on April 1.

The holiday died and was reborn ...

Everything would be fine, but soon the war began. The International Day of Birds, of course, has ceased to be celebrated. This movement was able to revive only 3 years after the end of the war. The holiday was gaining more and more scope, but alas! By the 60s, bird sightings had disappeared again.

The final revival of the holiday took place only in 1999. More than 500 birdhouses were hung in the capital. And the very next year, the Moscow government adopted the holiday as a citywide event, joining in its organization.

Bird day - time of arrival of birds home

So, the history of the event is insanely rich. April 1 - International Bird Day. And the point is not only that the Convention for the Protection of Birds was signed many years ago at this time. Around this time, the birds just fly home from their wintering grounds.

Rooks are the first to arrive "to their native land".

Behind them - ducks, geese, cranes. After them - blackbirds, oatmeal, finches, etc.

So what to do on April 1st? International Bird Day involves caring for birdhouses, gogolyatniki and other bird houses by caring people. At the same time, a person does not just help the birds. He himself becomes much closer to nature. By the way, her awakening from hibernation is also celebrated on this day. In the old days, people specially baked and sang special "calls".

Protecting birds from extinction

On this day, not only the meeting of spring takes place. The joy of the arrival of birds is also not the only reason why there are many different events. People remember all the terrible mistakes of the past. As a result of the extermination of birds around the world, about a hundred species have already disappeared. For example, on the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, literally in a couple of hundred years, sailors and animals that they brought with them destroyed a whole population of the dove-like flightless dodo.

Environmental pollution is an equally serious threat. Of course, this is also the fault of a man who has brought birds to the brink of extinction not only by his uncontrolled hunting, but also by the use of pesticides, by unsafe transformation of natural habitats.

Today, the threat of existence is also faced by various swamps and forests. But for some species of birds, these are the only habitats. For example, a bittern, shepherd boy or wren lives only in swamps.

Of course, it will not be possible to stop the human attack on birds. However, it is possible to slow it down. This is what the International Bird Day calls for. Various events are held. The goal of many of them is to achieve an increase in the areas of protected areas, especially those inhabited by species listed in the Red Book.

Everyone can help the birds

Various events and promotions are also held for children. International bird day for grade 4, for example, can be organized very brightly and interestingly. Most importantly, kids will learn to love nature, the world around them, helping the birds. Since birds return to this time from wintering, and there are practically no parks and forests in modern cities, they simply have nowhere to live. Students elementary school already understand that the chirping of our smaller winged brothers is heard every spring less and less. In order to observe them, to enjoy their singing, and not only to study them from the textbook of zoology, you do not need so much. The guys just need to work together to make birdhouses, for example, in labor training lessons. It is very entertaining to make them as a team, and it is also very fun to hang them up.

Activities for children can be diversified

It is not at all necessary to be limited only to the settlement of birds that have returned home from their wintering places. International Bird Day for Grade 4 may include a variety of excursions, contests and quizzes.

In many cities, for example, special photo exhibitions are organized. They represent a huge number of the most diverse species. Well, the guide will give interesting information about each of them.

Often babies class teachers are also taken to various master classes where you can get to know more about birds and the folk traditions associated with them.

In a word, on this day, children will be able to learn about which birds need houses for growing chicks; how and where to hang birdhouses correctly; learn to observe wildlife, comparing it in the city or beyond.

And on excursions, you can also acquire a lot of knowledge. First, the kids will be told about the most different birds living in their settlement... Secondly, children will begin to slowly comprehend the laws of physics and understand the mysteries of flight. Third, they will learn to distinguish between bird voices. And, finally, they will understand how they can help the birds.

At the end of the holiday, children can be treated to traditional butter larks, or you can invite them to sculpt a bird out of salt dough... Another entertainment option is making birds in the origami style. Or you can just arrange a drawing competition for the best bird... Round dances and songs, stories about ancient traditions and rituals ... There are many ways to celebrate International Bird Day. The main thing is fun and useful!

The whole planet celebrates (International Bird Day) - an international ecological holiday. It originated in the United States in 1894. Soon, the holiday, which gained popularity thanks to the media, began to be massively held in all states, then came to Europe, and is currently held within the framework of the UNESCO biological program "Man and the Biosphere" in many countries of the world.

The history of the development of the Day of Birds in Russia is interesting. Having reached our country in the 19th century, the idea of helping birds fell on fertile soil. Already at that time, the protection of birds was organized in tsarist Russia; by the beginning of the 20th century, several dozen organizations were already engaged in this matter. Among them are the ornithological committee at the Russian Society for the Acclimatization of Animals and Plants, the Permanent Environmental Commission at the Russian Geographical Society, and the Russian Society for the Protection of Animals, founded in 1865.

Children's organizations were also opened in the cities - the so-called May Unions for the study and protection of birds. They were created on the basis of schools and united children of nine or eleven years old, who wore the emblem on their headdresses - a flying swallow. In 1910, school teacher Petr Buzuk in the village of Khortitsa founded the country's first Society for Conservation of Nature, the symbol of which was the bird's nest. Members of the society fed the birds and hung out nests for them.

After the 1917 revolution, the May children's unions ceased to exist, but the idea of bird protection was taken up by the youth organizations. In the summer of 1924, the first and only All-Union congress of young naturalists in the USSR was held, at which the teacher of the Central Biostation Nikolai Dergunov proposed to re-establish the Day of Birds. Since 1926, this date has been celebrated in the USSR as an official holiday. In 1927, Bird Day was held in all districts of Moscow, about 5 thousand children took part in it. In 1928, the number of participants reached 65 thousand children, they hung more than 15 thousand birdhouses.

The annual celebration of Bird Day was cut short by war, but in 1948 the movement was revived. The holiday gained even greater scope, in 1953, 5 million schoolchildren were attracted to participate in it. But by the 60s – 70s of the 20th century, the celebration of the Day of the Birds had come to naught again.

The date of the holiday was not chosen by chance: just at this time the birds are returning from the warm lands. Adults and children on this day improve the habitats of waterfowl, hang out new feeders and birdhouses.

Recall that on the second weekend, another very famous "bird" holiday is celebrated -.

Without birds, the planets will be numb,
Will cover the silence of the forest, fields,
Love won't knock on hearts
Without the gentle trill of the nightingale.

Congratulations to the whole world today
Happy holiday, bird day.
Birds fly into the sky
There are no barriers to them and no boundaries.

Let the birds circle above the ground
Storks bring children,
Let the sparrow, eagle, magpie
There will be a place among people.

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