Growing fish in pools. Artificial fish breeding in reservoirs as a business Carp breeding at home

Many experts say that among the advantages of carp breeding are the fish’s ability to survive in a body of water, undemanding nutrition and accelerated growth. Therefore, if there is an artificial reservoir or swimming pool at your summer cottage, you should definitely take advantage of it. But to breed carp at home, you should know some pitfalls and techniques so that you can get the desired result.

Characteristics and description of carp

This type of freshwater fish widespread and belongs to the genus Cyprinidae. Its original homeland is Asia, but nowadays this fish is known almost all over the world. Carp has become famous due to the fact that it is quite in demand in the industrial sphere and is profitable to breed.

This is interesting! History knows such a case when English and German fishermen caught carp weighing 38-40 kg on a fishing rod. But the Guinness Book presents a record holder who was caught weighing 41 kg and approximately 17 years old.

Domestic carp, unlike wild carp, grow faster and easily take root in the territories of Russia and Ukraine. The most popular breeds in the field of aquaculture are considered to be framed and scaly Ukrainian carp. But fish farmers since ancient times Mirror carps are valued for breeding. Their length is 100 cm, the weight of adult specimens ranges from 35 to 120 kg. This type of fish can only be caught in the Asian expanses, and in the CIS countries their weight does not exceed 50 kg.

This is interesting! Life expectancy is 50 years. They can lay about 800 eggs if the water temperature is not lower than 17 degrees.

Purchasing fry

To breed carp at home, it is advisable to buy fry from fish farms. To do this, you should find out all the necessary information about the farm, how it has proven itself in the market and how long ago this organization was created. When buying fry, you need to ask for a license and inquire about the presence of diseases and possible epidemics that have recently occurred.

All these factors influence the success of the future business, because before purchasing, such nuances affect adaptation to the new place of residence, so it is also necessary to look at the conditions of keeping the fish. Most novice fish farming entrepreneurs believe that if you buy unfertilized eggs and make a Weiss device at home, you can raise young fish yourself without much difficulty.

This method of growing is quite effective, but there is one drawback - using this device is not as simple as it seems at first glance, this requires experience and special knowledge, otherwise you will not get a high-quality fingerling for wintering. If such a decision has been made, then you should prepare to re-purchase the fry from the fish farm, which, in turn, will take time.

Important tip! Fish farmers with extensive experience recommend purchasing fingerlings that are at least 1 year old and have experienced wintering.

Breeding carp at home

Before breeding carp at home, you need to properly equip your pool or pond. It is necessary to create comfortable conditions for fish.

Breeding carp in the pool

This option assumes a depth of at least 100 cm and a volume of at least 15 cubic meters. Carp is a fish that adapts to different conditions, so plastic, concrete, ceramics and wood can be used for the pool; different types of shapes can also be used. A fish pool should be equipped with a special compressor, filters, drainage system, aerators and sterilizers.

But despite the time-consuming efforts, most fish farmers prefer to grow carp in pools. In this case, it is possible to regulate the temperature and circulation of water, and this significantly affects the life of the fish. The pool is effective because it is easy to set the desired oxygen level.

Silo basins appeared not so long ago and have already begun to gain popularity. The design principle is as follows: water is supplied from below and, flowing around the circumference, fills the container to the desired level. There is also a drawback, the size of this pool is quite small, which is very disadvantageous. Carp should be introduced into the pool when the microflora has formed. As the fish grows, it is recommended to periodically drain and refill with new water.

Need to know! April and March are the best times to release fry.

Breeding burls in a pond

If your country house already has an old pond, it is enough to clean it and provide the pond with plant food. But such reservoirs are not always available; in this case, for carp breeding, they should be created artificially. Preparation will not take more than 1 year. The parameters of the pond according to the technology are as follows: an average depth of 150 cm, and an area of at least 300*300 cm. Trees and grass must be planted near the shore - this will ensure that the edges of the reservoir are secured. At the end, special algae and other vegetation are planted for food.

Some fish farmers advise compacting the bottom, and this is done with concrete and sand. A rubber film is laid on top of the frozen solution, then water is poured in and zooplankton is diluted, subsequently creating an artificial nature of the reservoir. Carps prefer warm water, so filling them with cold water is strongly not recommended.

After the whole process, the water in the pond should be infused to an average temperature of 25 degrees. To create microflora in an accelerated mode, it is enough to take a couple of dozen buckets of water from a wild reservoir and add it to an artificial pond. It is not advisable to build a container in lowlands, or near roads.

Need to know! You should not allow waterfowl to settle on the pond, they can carry an infection.

Feeding carp

After 9 months of carp breeding, small caviar can grow into a 500 gram individual if the fish is given a complete and balanced diet. The following living creatures are suitable as food for the fry: mollusks, insect larvae, ciliates, worms and small crustaceans. According to the technology, carp are bred in a semi-intensive and intensive way:

Behavior of carp in winter

During the winter season, carp eat less and hibernate. If the artificial pond is small, the carp may die; it overwinters well in natural ponds. The problem is not enough oxygen in the water.

The problem is solved! It is enough to purchase the equipment. It is necessary to install an aeration device in the reservoir, which will maintain the temperature within 0 degrees. There is a second option: the carps should be moved to a huge indoor container.

After the first melting of snow, it is allowed to move the fish back into the reservoir, but on the condition that the water in it has warmed up sufficiently.

It is important to know! Carp throw fish in shallow water for several days, then they begin to feed intensively, gaining strength. Fish at three years of age may get rubella, the disease should be prevented in a timely manner. For high profits, it is recommended to buy a set of equipment:

This equipment will significantly simplify the task and bring high profits to the fish farmer.

Carp is an almost omnivorous fish and very unpretentious; it thrives ideally in small rivers and reservoirs without a current. Carp's favorite places to live are lakes and ponds, where the sun's rays penetrate well and have a bottom with silt. This fish is hardy, carp can easily stay in low temperature water, as well as in water where there is very little oxygen. During the winter season, carp hibernate under the ice. Thanks to the unpretentiousness of carp, people have learned to breed it in artificial conditions. But you should not think that this is a very simple process; it must be approached seriously and with all care.

Breeding Features

Undoubtedly, for home fish farming you will need a pond. You also need to take into account certain conditions that will be important for carp. These include:

Quality water supply
Enrichment of water with oxygen
Maintaining proper nutrition.

For a detailed consideration of the conditions, it is necessary to determine exactly what kind of reservoir the reservoir will be.

Carp can be bred in a wide variety of water bodies. Small lakes, ponds, and swimming pools are suitable for these purposes. The bottom is equipped with clay or film; the ideal option would be concrete or brick. This stage of arrangement is very important, but special attention is paid to water supply when breeding carp.

The amount of water, as well as its quality, depends on how the pond’s water supply will be. According to technological standards, the reservoir should be flowing, but the current should not be strong.

They also pay attention to the filtration system, which is of high importance for reservoirs with weak currents. The most suitable would be two-stage filtration, which includes biological and mechanical purification. Such a system will help clean the pond from organic waste and food debris, and will also ensure gas balance at an optimal level. Otherwise, you may encounter the problem of pond contamination (this is written in detail here).

Features of breeding in a pond

For fruitful fish breeding, the depth of the pond must be at least one and a half meters, but not more than two. If you make the pond too deep, the water will not warm up well, and carp love warmth. The total volume of the reservoir must be at least 8 tons, which means its size will be approximately 3 by 3 meters. To equip an artificial pond, you can use rubber pond film.
It is best to place the pond in a quiet corner of the dacha; in a busy place, the fish may be frightened by noise from the road or the work process. A prerequisite is good lighting and exposure to sunlight on the pond, but some part can be left in the shade.
The optimal water temperature should be 24-26 degrees Celsius. As the temperature drops, the feeding intensity of the fish will also decrease. The fish will even completely refuse food if the maximum temperature is -4 degrees, or +30 degrees. Such temperatures are unfavorable for carp.
A pond, as a rule, is not placed in a lowland, otherwise dirty runoff water or melt water from rain and melting snow can enter the pond. The construction of a pond is no different from the process of constructing a decorative pond. The dug pond is filled with water, and stocking is done only after the water has settled. The best period for stocking is March - April.
To successfully breed fish at home, it is necessary to plant various plants on the walls of the pond; the vegetation will serve as the basis for gluing the eggs.

Features of breeding in pools

Breeding fish is more profitable and convenient in pools. This is due to the fact that in such reservoirs it is much easier to maintain the desired temperature, as well as regulate the frequency of water exchange. They are easier to clean and it is much easier to maintain optimal oxygen conditions.

Most often, pools made of fiberglass are used; they have the most suitable parameters. This pool can be chosen in any shape: square, rectangular, round, or any shape. The size of an artificial reservoir can vary from 1 to 40 cubic meters. Here you can read more about deep garden pools.

More and more often you can find vertical pools - silos. Their peculiarity is that water is supplied from below and drains through the top. Silos have a small area, but they can produce good carp offspring.

It is imperative to saturate the water in the pool with oxygen, drain it, and pump it up. A process such as aeration can be performed using any processor.

Carp breeding technology

Successful breeding of carp at home will be impossible if you do not select a suitable breed. It's all about the climatic conditions that vary from region to region in our country.

The best option would be varieties that live in the region of residence.

For example, in Eastern and Western Siberia it is best to breed Sarboyan and Altai carp. In the northern and central regions, Central Russian, Parsky and Chuvash carp will feel great. In the southern regions, it is best to breed Krasnodar and Stavropol carp. However, mirror carp is most often bred, since it has practically no scales. The conditions for its breeding are the same as for other species.

Where to get carp fry

The easiest and most affordable way to start breeding fish in your pond at your dacha or backyard is to catch the fry in the fall and place them in the pond in the spring. If it is not possible to purchase one-year-old carp, the reservoir is filled with fry using the method of raising fingerlings (raising fry from larvae in special nursery ponds). If it is quite difficult to buy planting material, it is necessary to have several types of ponds that will be intended for wintering, breeding and growing carp. If you leave koi in the pond over the winter, it is important to take care of its aeration. This is written in detail here.

The easiest way is to buy grown carp fry at a fish farm or a special store. It would be good if there is such a farm in your region. If not, you can place an order in another area, subject to the possibility of transportation.

The video shows details about the fry, carp breeding and the conditions of their keeping:

How to breed

Female carp are quite fertile, so several females and males are enough for reproduction. For spawning in natural conditions, the ratio of females to males will be 1 to 2, when fertilizing eggs at home, the ratio will be 1 to 1.

It is not an easy task to establish the sex of this fish; in specimens that have not reached sexual maturity, this task cannot be accomplished at all. It is possible to distinguish males from females only during the spawning period.

At this time, a special plumage (nuptial) appears on the males’ heads, as well as on the covers near the gills, which is manifested by rather hard warts; the genital opening begins to take on the appearance of a slit. If you press on the abdomen, the males will release milk. In females, the abdomen enlarges, it is soft to the touch, and the genital opening acquires a red tint and swells slightly.

During the spawning period, it is necessary to maintain the water temperature, it should be 17-18 degrees. The bottom of the pond, as well as its sides, should be covered with soft vegetation, since the female will lay eggs on the substrate. The eggs will develop within 3-6 days. At first, the embryos are inactive and feed on substances contained in their yolk sac. Over time, small fish will begin to feed more intensively, consuming algae, small crustaceans and rotifers.

How to grow

We talked about temperature, reservoirs, reproduction, but we cannot ignore such a process as carp nutrition, because without it, cultivation is impossible.Features of nutrition:

Carp should be fed twice a day. There must be a specially designated place for feeding.
There is no need to give a large amount of food at one time, if not eaten immediately, it will only pollute the pond and rot, which will affect the composition and quality of the water in the reservoir. Carps have enough food at the rate of 3% of their own weight. There is no need to throw food directly into the pond; it is best to feed it from a tray, lowering it into the water.
Carp is unpretentious and eats almost everything. In addition to special food for fish, compound feed intended for chickens and pigs is suitable. This food must first be kneaded into a dough. He loves fish and earthworms, various larvae, and even consumes legumes, for example, beans and peas.

This is such an amazing carp fish that you can grow at home.

Selecting a room
Sales of products
How much can you earn

Despite the fact that growing carp in pools is less profitable than in open water, this method of breeding carp has a right to exist. This is explained primarily by a number of advantages of this method of carp breeding. Firstly, this is a highly controllable process of growing fish - you can control the flow rate, temperature, and hydrochemical regime. Secondly, fish can be grown year-round if the pools are placed in a heated room. This is especially true for northern regions, where weather conditions and harsh climate do not make it possible to breed carp in open reservoirs.

How much money do you need to start a business for breeding carp in pools?

Investments in a carp farming business can amount to tens of thousands of dollars. Fixed costs for maintaining fish are also high. The fact is that water supply to swimming pools occurs mechanically, that is, using pumps. Hence, investments are required in the purchase of a pumping station (10-15 thousand dollars). Electric pumps mean constant energy costs. In addition, the water in the pools must be constantly cleaned - so there are the costs of filtration and the construction of treatment facilities ($20 thousand).

Selecting a room

The required area of the premises depends on the planned volume of production and the availability of funds for the arrangement of the farm. As a guide, about 5 tons of carp can be grown on 25 m2. In private household plots, fish farmers manage to place pools even in sheds and basements. The requirements for the premises are as follows: heating, electricity - 220 V and ventilation.

Technology for growing carp in pools

Carp are grown in rectangular tanks with an area of 15 to 200 thousand/m3. The depth of water in pools must be at least 1 m. The pools themselves can be made of different materials: wood, metal, fiberglass, plastic, concrete. The cheapest option is plastic pools, which are also the most common on small farms. The shape can also be different: round, square and rectangular.

In addition to the pools themselves, creating conditions for growing fish requires the purchase of the following equipment: taps, aeration systems, compressors, aerators, filter stations, UV sterilizers. The estimated cost of the entire set of equipment, including pools for growing 2.5 tons of marketable fish per year, is 700 - 1000 thousand rubles.

The stocking rate for juveniles weighing 50 grams is 300 specimens/m3, with the yield of live specimens being 90%. Carp fry are purchased from fishing breeding farms. A kilogram of fry costs from 80 rubles. It is better to buy from well-known and reliable companies. For example, “Karmanovsky fish farm” in Ufa, “Golubaya Niva” and OJSC “Reftinsky fish farm” in Sverdlovsk, fish farm “Polesie” from the Republic of Belarus and others.

Carp are fed with granulated feed. With full, balanced feeding, carp weighing 0.5-0.6 kg can be grown from eggs within 9 months. The average cost is about 50 rubles per 1 kilogram of growth.

Sales of products

The most difficult thing in the matter is to find where and to whom to sell the fish. The competition in the market is very serious, it’s almost impossible to get online. Carp are sold when they reach a weight of 1.0 - 2.5 kilograms (it gains this weight in 1.5 - 2 years). Main distribution channels: fishing stores, fishmongers, food and chain markets. Carp can be served both chilled and live. In the first case, the wholesale price starts from 160 rubles/kg, in the second it is slightly cheaper - from 90 rubles/kg.

Experienced fish farmers and businessmen say that pools can be used to greater advantage if they breed ornamental fish (koi carp), and even better, clariid catfish. Catfish outperform carp in many respects, including: keeping it at a higher height (in Poland and Holland they get more than 500 kg/m3), catfish absorb atmospheric air, catfish itself is not a cheap fish with excellent taste (especially smoked). Moreover, catfish have an increased growth rate and are resistant to many diseases.

Step-by-step opening plan, where to start

You should start implementing a business for breeding carp in pools by creating a clear business plan that takes into account the following factors:

Selecting the location and size of the pool, taking into account the required conditions for keeping and breeding the selected type of carp.
Calculation of required costs and expected profits.
Obtaining the necessary documents and permits.
Pool arrangement, installation of filters, lighting and other accessories.
Purchase of fry, feed and raw materials for breeding.
Establishing work with suppliers and the sales market.

How much can you earn

Initially, you should calculate the costs. The fry will cost 10-12 thousand rubles, wage costs – 30 thousand, food – 8 thousand and about 20 thousand more for other expenses. The total is about 70 thousand rubles. To this are added the costs of renting or purchasing a pool.

The profit of such a business depends on many factors and, based on the cost estimates indicated above, is about 100 thousand rubles per month. As a result, we have a net profit of 30 thousand rubles, excluding pool rental. The payback period is one of the disadvantages of such a business and is more than one year.

Which OKVED code to indicate when registering a business?

For such a business it is mandatory to indicate: OKVED 2.03. Fishing and fish farming.

What documents are needed to open

To start a business for breeding carp in pools, you must register as an individual entrepreneur or LLC, it all depends on the volume of production.

Which taxation system to choose for business registration

It is best to choose a single imputed income tax or a simplified tax scheme for your business.

Do I need permission to open?

To open a carp breeding business, you will need a permit for breeding and fishing from local governments and the State Committee for Water Resources. It is advisable to conduct an environmental assessment and obtain appropriate permission from employees of the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the sanitary-epidemiological station.

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May 18, 2016
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Instability in the country's economy forces people to look for ways to earn money. Many people start doing business, for example, raising various livestock - broiler chickens, turkeys, crayfish, fish, and so on. A good start for organizing your own small fish farm is to breed carp at home as a business. This activity is interesting, with a future perspective, profitable and profitable, and does not require complex technologies.

Carp breeding business at home

Carp fish has tasty meat with beneficial properties, vitamins, and microelements important for human health. Fishing is a great relaxing hobby that you can also do if you have your own fish pond, and you can also use this hobby as an additional type of business.

Carp is an unpretentious fish and has increased vitality compared to other types of fish, so it ranks first in growing it at home. In nature, fish can live up to about 30 years. Carp is omnivorous and very common in nature; it has an elongated, low, strong body, with a slight thickening in front, three-row teeth and a well-developed chewing function. The carp family actually includes carp, crucian carp, silver carp, bream, and carp. For business, they mainly grow carp and crucian carp.

Carp is divided into the following subspecies:

Common carp (scaly) - the body of such a carp is covered with golden scales. This species is most often bred in households due to its unpretentiousness, excellent growth and optimal absorption of natural food;

Mirror carp is characterized by an uneven covering of the body with scales. Mirror carp is divided into frame and linear, the difference between them is in the location of the scales on the body. Mirror carp is a fastidious eater; in unfavorable conditions (cold water) it does not gain weight, but in optimal conditions it grows better than all other cyprinid species. This species is also used for cultivation under artificial conditions;

The carp is naked (leathery) - there are practically no scales on its body. Not suitable for growing for sale because it is very sensitive, grows poorly, is heat-loving, and reacts negatively to the oxygen content in water;

Koi carp is a decorative type of carp; its body has bright red, orange, and black spots in different combinations.

Benefits of growing carp at home

Let's consider several positive factors for carp living in ponds:

Carp fish are unpretentious, survive in the most unfavorable conditions, but still love warmth. In winter, the fish falls asleep, slowing down the vital processes of its body. At this time, the fish is at the bottom of the pond, buried in the mud. To grow carp at home, an artificial pond should be set up half in the shade and half in the sun. In summer, when the heat is intense, the fish will be able to hide in the shade of the reservoir. Breeding carp in artificial reservoirs does not involve digging a deep reservoir; a pit one and a half meters deep is quite suitable, but the deeper, the better for the fish. The water in the reservoir should be regularly changed to clean water, so you should consider a system for purifying and replacing water using pipelines;

If we compare carp with other types of fish, it grows faster. In a couple of years, the herd will become marketable. Fish weighing from 1 to 2 kg are caught for sale, and individuals with this weight are considered quite large specimens;

The ability to reproduce in carp is developed in the period from three to five years. It usually spawns for 30 days. The amount of eggs produced by females depends on the age of the fish. The warmer the water in the pond, the faster the incubation period passes;

Carp feeds on larvae, mollusks, and plant seeds. In domestic fish farming, carp need to be fed;

Business plan development

Financially, this type of business is profitable due to the high survivability, rapid growth and unpretentiousness of carp maintenance. After 2 years, the fish already has a marketable appearance, and after 20 years it can reach 25 kg, although fish are not kept in fisheries until this age. Carp meat is meaty and high quality.

In the very first season of growing carp at home, it is possible to get up to 300% of revenue and this at minimal cost. Naturally, the amount of profit depends on the size of the pool or reservoir equipped on the site, as well as on the quality of the fry. But the fry can be bred in an aquarium.

While the carp is growing, you should think about its further sale. During this time, you need to have time to conclude contracts with buyers at a favorable price. Carp is popular among the population and people willingly buy it.

In short, for a business you need to equip a pond or purchase a swimming pool. Next, put in the fry or adult fish and start growing it. All the subtleties of carp breeding need to be studied by reading special literature.

Creating a fish farm at home

In order to grow carp you will need a pond. Both a natural reservoir and an artificial one are suitable. The optimal depth and area of the reservoir is 2 meters and 60 m3, respectively. The most convenient option would be to install an artificial pond in your own yard or purchase a sealed pool, and you also need to think about periodic water purification. Before introducing fish into a pond, the water in it must warm up well during the day. The fish are released into the reservoir in March, and already in November, if the outcome is favorable, the carp gains weight up to 1.5 kg.

Feeding the fish

Carp are fed at the same time and in the same place - morning and evening. This feeding regime develops a habit in the carp and at the appointed hour it comes to the feeding place to eat. Also, this feeding method is very helpful in catching large fish when necessary. Vegetable food, worms and mixed feed are suitable as food for carp. To ensure that the fish is environmentally friendly, no chemical additives should be used.

At the optimal water temperature in the reservoir (30ºС) and with sufficient food, the carp grows well and gains weight. The fish react normally to the composition of the water and can easily tolerate a short period of low oxygen saturation in the water. In winter, the carp forms mucus on the surface of the body and overwinters at the bottom of the reservoir in a layer of silt. To prevent carp from suffocating in the water on the surface of the pond in winter, you need to drill holes if the pond is covered with ice and then carefully ensure that they are always open and not covered with a crust of ice. In winter, the carp is not fed, nor does it eat, because it sleeps. In this state, carp's breathing and metabolism slow down.

Carp are bred using intensive, extensive and semi-intensive methods. They differ in the composition of the feed.

The extensive method of growing carp is based on feeding it with natural, natural food. Under natural conditions, cyprinids feed on the so-called biomass found in the reservoir, for example:

Zooplankton - organisms that live in water - cyclops, rotifers, daphnia;

Zoobenthos - organisms that live in the thickness of the soil of a reservoir: worms, larvae, mollusks;

Fauna living on plants underwater: bloodworms, sponges, mollusks;

Detritus – remains of the decomposition of vertebrate and invertebrate animals;

Remains of decomposed plants;

When using this method of growing carp, no additional feeding is used, and the carp feeds only on the food that is in the reservoir. This method has an advantage - it does not require large investments, but disadvantages - the fish do not gain weight well.

The semi-intensive method involves feeding cyprinids with the addition of proteins and carbohydrates. For feeding, carbohydrate feeds such as corn, wheat, and barley are used. Protein is given in the form of maggots, which are bred specifically for feeding fish. The advantage of the semi-intensive method is a small investment in business, as well as a more complete use of the reservoir. The disadvantage of this method is that protein feeding depends on the season and water temperature, so during unfavorable periods the weight gain of fish decreases. This growing method is suitable for breeding carp at home.

The intensive method of carp breeding involves feeding the fish only with balanced protein feed. Easily digestible food reduces the production of feces in fish, therefore, thanks to this method of growing carp, the pond does not need to be cleaned and the water in it changed so regularly. Important advantages of this method are the maximum use of the pool area, since in this case the fish are populated quite densely, high body weight gain, and high-quality meat. Disadvantages: additional water aeration is required due to the high density of carp stocking, as well as the risk of developing fish diseases.

The intensive method of carp breeding at home is the most popular. Experienced farmers grow up to 20 tons of fish from 1 hectare of water area; this is an excellent option that saves resources. The most unpleasant aspect of such fish farming is the incidence of disease in the herd. This happens precisely because the fish are planted tightly in the reservoir. The water in such reservoirs becomes clogged very quickly, so it is necessary to provide a high-quality pond cleaning system. In artificial reservoirs or pools, this method of carp breeding involves a large consumption of feed, since the fish do not have access to natural food, this disadvantage increases the cost of production.

Features of carp breeding in the pool

Breeding carp in a pool has a number of advantages. The pool can be placed where it is needed and convenient, for example, in a greenhouse, where you can combine the cultivation of fish and vegetables. In a pool it is easier to maintain the desired water temperature, intensity of water exchange, oxygen requirements and sanitary hygiene of the container.

For fish farming, fiberglass pools of all sizes and shapes are produced. Vertical pools, so-called silos, are now popular. The renewal of water in them occurs in a non-standard way - it is supplied from below, and it leaves from above. This type of pool does not require a large area of land, and its maintenance is simple; they are perfect for a small area.

You can build a pool yourself, lay the walls out of brick, cover it with tiles, or you can simply fill it with concrete using wooden formwork. You can also use other materials for construction - plastic, wood, cement mortar, concrete slabs. The main thing in such pools is tightness; it can be ensured with a dense film, which is used to create ponds in landscape design, as well as a water drainage system and provision of oxygen supply. To drain the water, you need to provide a hole in the wall of the pool, which should be covered with a net so that the fish do not escape. In natural ponds, the water is saturated with oxygen due to the constant movement of water flow, and thanks to plants and algae that release oxygen. This is not the case in artificial pools, so you need to install an oxygen supply system, so-called aerators.

The depth of the pool should be from 1.5 to 2 meters; if you make it deeper, the water simply will not have time to warm up to a temperature of 25-26 ºС. For optimal fish breeding, regular water exchange must occur in the pool at all times. This is necessary in order to avoid disease in the herd, since when fish are densely planted, the water is very quickly contaminated with feces. On industrial fish farms, fish stocking density reaches 400 heads of carp per square meter. However, at home it is difficult to comply with all the requirements of a particular technology for growing fish, so you should not fill the pool with carp so thickly. After the pool is filled with water, it is worth keeping it empty for several days to ensure bacteriological balance. It will be useful to fill the pool with a couple of buckets from a natural pond. The population density of carp in home pools should be kept to 200 heads of one-year-old individuals per 1 m3. By installing a swimming pool under the roof, you can grow not only carp, but also sturgeon, trout and other elite varieties of fish.

Growing carp in a natural pond

Breeding carp in a pond at your dacha involves creating such a pond yourself or renting a ready-made one. A natural pond is the most favorable place for breeding carp, but before populating it with fish, the bottom must be thoroughly cleaned of silt and debris. The larger the pond, the easier it is to maintain. You can start populating the reservoir in the spring, when the water has already warmed up well to a temperature of 20 ºС. The population of a pond depends on its nutrient medium. The optimal population density would be about 500 animals per hectare of pond area.

This amount of fish will be able to safely eat natural food. If you plan to feed carp, then you can populate the reservoir more densely, up to 1500 animals per 1 hectare of reservoir. With an intensive method of growing carp (when fed only with mixed feed) in a natural pond, the density of the fish population can be up to 3000 individuals per 1 hectare of reservoir. At the end of each season, it will be possible to sum up if the carp’s body weight gain is optimal, therefore, the stocking density is normal, but if the fish grows poorly, the population density of the reservoir should be reduced.

Breeding carp in cages

Another way to grow carp is to breed it in specialized cages. Bag cages are made from rectangular nylon mesh, which must be attached to a floating base. The size of such grids can be approximately 6x4x2.5 meters. Fry are released into the cages and lowered into the reservoir; the population density of fry per cage is up to 200 pieces per 1 square meter. It is also necessary to provide oxygen supply and lighting at night. Lighting is necessary to attract natural food for the fry - insects.

In general, the fishing business is quite profitable and not troublesome. The costs required to build a farm are not large, they mainly go towards building a reservoir, and if you use a natural reservoir for carp breeding, you will only need to spend money on cleaning it. You will also need to buy fry for breeding the herd and food. In the future, costs will go to the purchase of food and fry. One carp requires food up to 5% of its weight. Monthly feed costs can range from 6,000 rubles. The cost of fry is about 500 rubles per 100 pieces. The price of 1 kg of carp varies from 200 to 500 rubles depending on the region. If you sell up to 20 pieces of carp every day, you can earn up to 10,000 rubles a day - the profit is quite good, therefore, breeding carp at home as a business is quite profitable.

The current economic situation in our country is forcing many people to think about financial support for their family and start a home business. To begin with, you can consider the option of breeding carp on your summer cottage. Breeding carp at home as a business is promising and profitable, and is based on simple technology.

Preparing a reservoir for launching carp

This is a very good option for those who have their own plot of land. It is also possible to build a small one that will be completely sealed. It is necessary to provide for a periodic process of water renewal. Before adding fish, the water in the pool must warm up throughout the day. The launch is usually carried out in March, and if the conditions are correct, in late November–early December the carp can gain weight of about one and a half kilograms.

What to feed carp in a pond

Bait is usually carried out in the same place and preferably at the same time. performed twice a day - morning and evening. At this time, the fish will already gather in this place of the feeders. And it will be easier to catch large individuals in the future. Any plant food is acceptable for carp. To obtain environmentally friendly meat, no chemical substances are used.

Types of carp photo

Carp is a very tenacious and unpretentious fish compared to other species. The reproducibility of this species leads among other freshwater aquacultures. Carp is divided into subspecies:

Linear carp

With scales along the lateral line;

Mirror carp

Scales are found throughout the body;

Scaly carp

Naked corporal

The body of the carp is long and strong, low. Thickening on the front of the body. The teeth are three-rowed and have a developed powerful chewing plate.

It is necessary to adhere to certain aspects of the guidelines for creating a carp farm. Carp grows well when the water temperature in the reservoir is up to 30 degrees and there is sufficient availability of food. Carp easily settle into warm ponds, are not overly sensitive to the quality and composition of the water, and can endure short periods of low oxygen saturation in the water.

During the winter, carps are covered with a layer of a kind of mucus, buried in the mud in depressions and holes and fall into a dormant state. It can only be disrupted by a lack of oxygen in the water. To do this, you must make holes on the frozen surface and make sure that they do not freeze. During the winter, carp do not eat food. Gill covers reduce respiratory movements (instead of the usual 40-45 they make only 3-4). The digestion process first slows down and then stops altogether. And there is a sharp decrease in metabolism.

Carp farming business plan

From a financial perspective, breeding this type of fish is profitable due to its rapid growth and unpretentiousness to living conditions. Carp gains its weight of 1.5-2.0 kg at the age of two years. And at 15-20 years old it can reach 20 kg. The natural productivity of carp in natural ponds reaches 2 centners per hectare. The fish has good meatiness, meat with high quality indicators.

Sexual maturity in an individual occurs in the third or fourth year of life. The spawn fertility of one carp is approximately 1.5 million eggs. The fish is very hardy. It can withstand being in low-oxygen water.

With minimal costs you can get up to 300% profit in the first season. It all depends on your capabilities and the desired pool, purchasing healthy fry. By the way, one idea is to breed fry in your own small aquarium.

Preparing to sell carp

Simultaneously with growing fish, begin to resolve issues related to the sale of your product. Conclude preliminary agreements, monitor the pricing policy on the sales market. Carp is popular among the population.

You don't need to have any special skills - build a pool, buy adults or fry and start your own business. This home-based business is suitable for those who want to make a good profit with minimal investment. To further develop your business in this direction, study literature that specializes in the experience of the authors: how to keep and care for carp, increase growth and weight gain.

Find out more about other methods of carp breeding (extensive, semi-intensive, intensive), which provide some features for choosing food. Visit carp farms and consult with experts. The main thing is not to stop at the achieved results, but to move forward.

Breeding carp in a pond as a business video

It is worth selecting appropriate breeds for different regions. Altai and Sarboyan carp adapt well to life in Siberia; in the north and in the center they usually breed Chuvash or Central Russian, Parsky. Stavropol and Krasnodar are suitable for the southern regions.

Universal breed– mirror, it is bred everywhere.

You can start breeding carp fry by purchasing 30-40 fingerlings; they grow and reproduce quickly, so a small number is enough. The purchase will cost approximately $15. Before transportation, the larvae must spend several hours under running water to clean the gills and intestines of contaminants. They are transported in water from the place of their previous habitat and, together with it, are drained into an equipped station.

Pond and launch of fry

A quiet area open to sunlight, protected from various noises, is suitable for breeding. There are two options for arranging your home: dig an artificial pond or buy a swimming pool. Dimensions of the pit: minimum 4x6 meters in length and width, depth - 1.5-3 m.

The bottom of a self-dug pond must be compacted: pour sand on top of the soil and fill it with concrete mortar. When it dries, a PVC film or clay is laid on top, only then water is poured in.

A tank of the required size will cost approximately $650. Keeping carp requires regular water purification. A two-stage filter with biological and mechanical cleaning (Ecosoft, Leader) costs $250-300.

The water is taken from a nearby natural reservoir, artesian, running. The liquid settles for several days. Then larvae are released into it at the rate of no more than 10-15 heads per 1 cubic meter. The optimal time for stocking a pond is March-April. To speed up the proliferation of microorganisms in it, place an armful of grass at the bottom.

Carp breeding technology

This fish is quite hardy and unpretentious; it can survive even in extreme conditions: in shallow water when the riverbed dries out and with minor pollution. But such situations should not be allowed.

Conditions of detention

Required water parameters:

Temperature - +24...+26 degrees in summer and +18...+20 degrees in spring;
Acidity - 7-8 pH;
Oxygen content is within the range of 7-8 mg/l.

Feeding

Adults are fed twice a day. Complementary feeding should be organized in a permanent place, and food should not be thrown directly into the pond to avoid contamination.

For this purpose, a tray in the form of a pallet is suitable, which is lowered into the pool during the day and evening (at 13.00 and 18.00). The amount of daily food per individual is approximately 3-5% of their own weight. About 15 kg of feed will be required per month.

This fish is unpretentious and almost omnivorous. In order to economize Using special mixtures for fish, you can prepare your own food. What does it include? Legumes (peas, beans), larvae, earthworms, wheat and wheat bran, soybeans, barley, corn, oilseed cake, fish meal, meat and bone meal, yeast.

All this is ground in a meat grinder or blender; several times a month you can add ready-made porridge, leftover stale bread, and animal blood to the mixture. Ground feed for pigs and chickens is also suitable.

Example of food composition (per 100 grams): ground eggshells (5 grams), semolina (10 grams), plankton (bloodworms, daphnia - 10 grams), evaporated oatmeal (40 grams), chopped greens (dandelions, lettuce, spinach – 10 g), chalk (3 g), boiled potatoes (5 grams), gelatin (20 g), earthworms (10 g), vitamins (for example, “Pikovit”) – one dragee.

For the first week, hatched larvae should be given a separate diet of microplankton (special food for fry).

Reproduction

The required temperature during spawning is +17…+20 degrees. Within a week or two, the eggs mature.

Wintering

In winter, individuals usually sink to the bottom, where they hibernate, covered with a protective layer of mucus.

But until the reservoir is covered with ice, the animals should be fed once a day, the amount of oxygen should be maintained at 3-4 mg per liter and the temperature should not be lower than +5 degrees.

Costs and profits

To start raising carp, you will need to invest about $1000, and the monthly cost of food and maintenance will not exceed $100.

For sale it is worth selecting medium-sized individuals, weighing 2-3 kg. It is realistic to sell approximately 200 kg of fish per month with a total cost of $500-550. In the case of an artificial rate, paid fishing can be organized. Net profit is approximately $400 per month.

There are no particular difficulties with carp, but the increase in profit due to their rapid reproduction is very noticeable. As a business, this is a promising business that can be gradually expanded in order to make more profit.

By organizing fish breeding in a pond, pool or cage method, the owner can sell an environmentally friendly product to the market at a high cost, and the suitable climate of our country and the growing demand for carp and trout make this business profitable and very profitable in all regions.

The products of the world's oceans have been competing with livestock products for many millennia. Many treatises have been written about the benefits of these products. The World Health Organization recommends eating fish at least 2 times a day. The content of specific fatty acids (Omega-3) has a positive effect on the functioning of the brain and heart. The presence of vitamin D is essential for proper bone growth. The consumption of salmon, trout and mackerel is very important for the normal development of the fetus and is recommended for pregnant women and children. Fish farming in Russia is a fairly relevant business area and is constantly developing.

Methods of breeding fish in artificial conditions

Business should be fun. Fish farming is best associated with relaxation and can bring a lot of pleasant emotions. In addition, this is a fairly profitable and uncomplicated process. Setting up your own farm does not require large investments, and the economic effect is quite noticeable and with proper farming, you can receive regular profits and an environmentally friendly product for your table. The demand for typical river inhabitants, be it sturgeon or trout, is constantly growing in Russia. A huge number of ponds, lakes and reservoirs, as well as the climate in our country, make it possible to successfully engage in this type of activity in almost all regions. Artificial cultivation of fish was practiced in ancient times. Currently, this method has reached a high level of development and provides for implementation in the following conditions:

In a swimming pool.
In the pond.
Cage method.

A guarantee of success in this case will be the preparation of a detailed business plan, taking into account many risk factors.

Features of breeding in artificial pools

The advantageous quality of fish reproduction in artificial pools is that it can be located absolutely anywhere. This could be a garden or another part of a personal plot. Another positive point is the ability to choose the volume, material and shape of the tank. Such tanks are very durable, as they are made of fiberglass, metal or reinforced concrete construction. They require little maintenance and do not require very frequent cleaning. If desired, you can order pools of any shape, which will allow you to install it based on the availability of free space. As a rule, the walls of the tank, made of various types of plastic, have a smooth surface, which prevents significant contamination, reduces the cost of water treatment and the likelihood of a fish epidemic. The ability to artificially regulate temperature and hydrochemical conditions allows the use of reservoirs of this type all year round.

The installation of closed water exchange, as the most advanced method of cultivation in artificial conditions, allows for complete mechanization and automation of processes. To reproduce fry in this way, it is best to choose gourmet varieties (sturgeon or salmon), since installing expensive cleaning and water exchange equipment increases costs by about 1.5 times. The saturation of planting in such an environment is calculated based on the rate of water purification and its circulation. The fish productivity rate ranges from 20 to 100 kg per 1 m3. The method is simple, but there are typical errors when starting it.

Typical misconceptions of beginning fish farmers

Features of breeding in a pond

This option is the least risky and is suitable for beginners. A minimum financial threshold and the possibility of using natural reservoirs without additional expenses will allow you to obtain positive developments. In the territories of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine, you can easily find a suitable pond or creek. There is an option to use your own artificial pond, which will force you to make additional investments in excavation work and has a certain risk associated with a lack of groundwater and critical shallowing of the pond. Also, to get good profitability, you need a pond with an area of at least 1 hectare.

Cage method

Involves a combined approach to reproduction. It has both positive. So are negative qualities. Natural water areas with certain instrumental support are used. To implement the method, you need to purchase or build a floating cage yourself and stock it with fry. Cage lines are installed in lakes, river creeks or reservoirs. The latter method, provided there is a heated environment, allows for population growth all year round. The main advantages of cage farming:

Small area. Allows better protection of cages and simplifies fishing.
Possibility of sale all year round. Most companies have a seasonal sales vector. This advantage will increase profits.
You can use all types of reservoirs, even complex ones.

What variety should I grow?

Before starting the project, you should ask yourself what type of fish you are ready to put on store shelves. The main varieties for sale are: carp and trout. Methods of breeding, feeding and care are somewhat different. Carp is a very unpretentious variety that can be placed in many types of reservoirs and use less specialized food. There is a lot of information about the features of technology on the Internet and specialized manuals. Raising trout fry is a somewhat more labor-intensive process. You need to have basic experience in fish farming and special education. This variety is extremely demanding in terms of location and conditions.

Carp breeding technology

This representative of marine fauna occupies a leading position in this segment of the freshwater aquaculture market. For the growth of fry of this species, you can use artificial reservoirs, ponds and the cage method. The following breeds are grown:

Scaly.
Mirror.
Linear.
Naked.
Ukrainian framed.

Carp can be cultivated in monoculture with various other species, including predatory species. There are three reproduction systems:

Extensive.
Semi-intensive.
Intense.

An extensive environment involves feeding carp with natural derivatives of bottom fauna and zooplankton. The method is characterized by a small increase per unit area (from 200 to 650 kg). The advantage is low feed costs and costs.

The semi-intensive method consists of formulating the diet in such a way that it contains more artificial feed, which is produced in significant quantities by the agro-industrial complex. The lack of caloric intake in the diet is leveled out with the help of carbohydrate-type food additives (various types of cereals). With the correct selection of diet, productivity reaches a level of 650 to 1400 kg per hectare. A clear advantage of this system is the ability to correct the lack of energy value of food with the help of supplements.

The intensive system involves transferring the entire generation to a complex feed that contains protein in high concentrations (up to 40%). The high value of nutrition leads to a large planting of the growth area, which requires additional aeration, if the norms are not observed, there is a risk of death of the offspring. The efficiency of this system makes it possible to obtain from 5 to 20 tons per hectare of water area. A positive feature is the maximum use of water areas. However, there is also a significant risk of infection and epidemics.

Trout breeding technology

There are more than a dozen species of trout in the world's oceans. Two main ones are most suitable for industrial reproduction:

Brook trout.
Rainbow trout.

The first species grows in the waters of the Azov, Black, White and Caspian seas. It has good taste and is one of the most valuable varieties of fish. It lives exclusively in cold conditions and requires fairly high aeration. The Rainbow Trout's native habitat is North America. It can live not only in cold streams, but also in warm rivers. Has excellent growth abilities.

The cage method and the method of growing in ponds are suitable for reproduction. However, trout do not reproduce in ponds and artificial insemination must be used. You should adhere to a temperature range from 4 to 18°C. It takes about 2 years to raise an adult fish ready for sale.

How much can you earn?

The expenditure and revenue portion of the project will vary depending on the scale of production. The cost of carp fry varies from 60 to 120 rubles per kilogram. The minimum price of feed for it is 7-8 rubles. An adult is sold for 100-130 rubles per 1 kg. For example, you can take the average values of the main points when growing carp. With the most conservative calculations and minimal volumes of the final product, the cost part looks something like this:

Malek – 5200 rub.
Staff – 15,150 rub.
Feed – 3350 rub.
Other – 9350 rub.

The regressive part of accounting will be 30,050 rubles.

With a total profitability of 50,000 rubles, the net profit will be 19,950 rubles. A multiple increase in parameters will lead to lower costs and increased profits. Profitability with proper organization of the process can reach 40%.

Examples of successful "fish" business

Successful cultivation of fish on an industrial scale in Russia is carried out by large holdings with a wide network of export connections. However, medium and small fish farms that are successfully increasing production in Russia (Arsky Fish Farm LLC, Vyvenskoye LLC, Nazarovskoe Fish Farm LLC) deserve a lot of attention. Such companies are an excellent example of a proven technological and financial basis for growing fish.

How much profit can breeding carp in a pond bring as a business? Let's look at the main options for organizing fish farming at home and in summer cottages, analyze what equipment is required for this and how much financial resources need to be invested. Read this article for useful recommendations and nuances of fish farming.

Why carp farming is a good idea for the household

Carp is a very unpretentious fish, resulting from the selection of carp. Such fish usually have brown or golden-green scales, a large body with a large head, and jagged fins. Individual specimens of carp grow up to 50 kilograms in the wild, but on average individuals are much smaller - marketable fish weigh only one kilogram.

Carp farming can bring good profits even for novice fish farmers.

Carps usually live in natural reservoirs, and they are very undemanding to water. They grow and develop quite well in captivity, which is one of the reasons why breeding them for sale is profitable. In addition, currently the price for 1 kg of carp starts from 150 rubles, and for live carp it starts from 245 rubles.

Some carp specimens grow up to 50 kilograms in the wild.

The advantage of carp farming

This type of fish grows quickly. Within a year, individuals will reach 500 grams, and after another year - 1 kilogram.
Carp grows well even in oxygen-deprived stagnant water.
Carp meat is considered high-quality, has unique nutritional properties, and is distinguished by a small number of small bones.
Live fish is much more expensive, which means that by organizing the sale of non-frozen, fresh carp you can get a higher profit.
The most common breed for home cultivation is the unpretentious mirror carp. The size of an adult individual can reach 30 kilograms, which is very profitable for sale.
There are several options for breeding carp (in ponds, in swimming pools), so every novice entrepreneur can choose the most convenient and profitable one.

Basic methods of growing carp at home

There are several options for organizing carp farming. First, let's list them and then describe them in more detail:

Breeding carp in RAS (recirculated water supply systems) or in swimming pools is a more expensive and complex option.
Raising fish in ponds is more economical and promises faster, albeit smaller, profits. Carps grow well even in small ponds.

Where does fish farming begin?

Whichever carp breeding option you choose, you will have to start fish farming by purchasing fry. The success of the entire enterprise depends on the success of this purchase., so you need to approach it as responsibly as possible. It is better to purchase from professionals - in special fish farms or farms.

What to look for when purchasing fry:

reputation of the holding or farm;
availability of a fish farming license;
customer and client reviews;
guarantee of the health of the fry;
willingness to provide maximum information on your requests.

Research which farms operate in your region, what prices and conditions they offer. Such an organization must have a license. Check for any diseases in the fry and find out if there is a threat of an epidemic that will deprive you of all your fish.

How expensive is it to buy carp fry for breeding? The price for fry is relatively low. Typically, fry weighing up to 40 grams are sold at prices ranging from 70 to 120 rubles per kilogram. To organize cultivation, it is worth buying about 10 kilograms of fry, although, of course, this number depends on the technology chosen. Transport purchased fry in lake or rain water in spacious containers, such as milk cans.

To organize cultivation, it is worth buying about 10 kilograms of fry.

Is it possible to buy caviar instead of fry?

Some more experienced farmers believe that it is more profitable to buy not fry, but not fertilized eggs, and then independently prepare them for planting in the Weiss apparatus. Externally, the apparatus is a glass flask, fixed vertically with the neck down.

By adjusting the water level in it, the fertilized eggs loaded into the bottle are grown to the state of larvae. However, despite the relative ease of manipulation with the Weiss apparatus, in the absence of experience, it is better to purchase already grown fry, not caviar.

When to buy fry

Firstly, at the time of purchasing fry from the entrepreneur, all conditions for growing must already be created - that is, a pool has been equipped, a pond has been prepared. The water to launch the fry should warm up to 22-25 degrees. Secondly, it is better to purchase fry in spring or autumn. It is better for beginning fish farmers to choose in the spring: March or April.

Growing carp in ponds

How to breed carp in a pond? There are several technologies for growing carp in ponds. Let's start with the fact that you can organize fish production even at your dacha in a pond that was not initially suitable for this. Such a reservoir is cleaned, enriched with plant plankton and fry are planted. However, even if there is no ready-made pond, many fish farmers dig it themselves.

The technology for growing carp in ponds involves the use of two types of reservoirs:

Earthen- the simplest option is a dug hole with a reinforced bottom (so that water does not soak into the ground). For strengthening, a mixture of turf and clay is usually used, laid at a thickness of about 10 centimeters.
Concrete- a more expensive option that will last for many years. The bottom of the dug pit is filled with concrete, the walls are concreted using reinforcement. It takes at least 1 month to harden, after which the walls and bottom of the pond must be covered with waterproofing.

If you are creating a new pond, then you cannot put fish into the first filled water. The water must stand in the pond for at least 1 month, then it must be drained. It is important to ensure that the bottom is covered with silt and aquatic plants. After this, you can fill the pit with water again and put fish into it.

You can organize fish production even at your dacha in a pond that was not initially suitable for this.

Dimensions and equipment for artificial reservoir

What size should a pond be for carp breeding? The depth of an artificial reservoir for carp breeding starts from 1.5 meters. The total volume of the pond should be approximately 8-9 tons. It is better to place the pond in a relatively quiet place with good natural light. Do not allow birds in the pond - they can become a source of infection.

The advantage of carp is that they are unpretentious to water and the oxygen content in it, and therefore will grow well even in an artificial reservoir without special care or in a small pond near the house. However, for successful fish farming, you will most likely have to equip the pond with special equipment.

What equipment is needed to grow carp in ponds?

A gravity filter is a device that purifies water. Easy to install, you can buy it for only 5 thousand rubles.
Compressor for saturating water with oxygen. Although carp are very tenacious, it is necessary to maintain the oxygen level in the water at least at 5 mg per liter. The price starts from 6 thousand rubles.
Ultraviolet sterilizer to prevent water algae, from 6 thousand rubles.
The pond must also be equipped with a sluice for draining water.

This is the minimum list of necessary equipment for growing carp in a pond. Costs vary greatly depending on whether you need to dig and reinforce a new pit or clean out an existing pond. However, on average, beginning fish farmers should stock up on 25-40 thousand rubles.

After purchasing the fry and planting them in the reservoir, there are several options for the technological cycle. Traditionally, a cycle lasts 2-3 years, when the fish are separated by age and gain weight mostly naturally. However, profit with this approach should be expected no earlier than in 2 years.

A more profitable option is to grow carp in cages- special fine-mesh chambers placed in warm, slow-flowing reservoirs on floats or pontoons. Fish develop well in such conditions, it is easy to control its feeding and check its health.

How do carps winter?

If fish remain in the pond for the winter, you need to ensure there is enough oxygen. To do this, the pond is equipped with a compressor or aerator, which saturates the water with the necessary oxygen. Another option is to move the entire livestock into pool tanks for the winter.

Carps grow well in plastic containers of the required volume - from 1 to 40 cubic meters.

How to organize carp breeding in pools

Growing carp in tanks is a more expensive option for fish farming. The main benefit of pools is that they make it easier to regulate temperature, monitor fish feeding and health, maintain oxygen levels, and even clean. Carps grow well in plastic containers of the required volume - from 1 to 40 cubic meters. They can be installed even in a private home.

The water for planting carp is also specially prepared - it is infused in order to “start” the microflora. A good option would be to add fresh grass to the pool or even dilute the contents with several liters of water from a natural reservoir.

Pools will also need aeration- saturation of water with oxygen, a well-thought-out system for draining and filling water. The same approach is used to organize the breeding of koi carps - small ornamental fish. They are also not picky about their living conditions.

Cost of fish tank costs

Plastic containers for breeding even large carp are relatively inexpensive. Several swimming pools can be bought for 10-15 thousand rubles, and if you purchase from wholesale warehouses or buy used containers, it’s even cheaper. The list and price of additional equipment is similar to the list of equipment for artificial reservoirs, with the exception of an ultraviolet sterilizer, that is, about 50 thousand rubles.

How to feed carp

In order for individuals to grow better and gain high-quality mass, it is necessary to properly organize their feeding. Fish eat:

compound feed;
Rye bread;
bloodworms and larvae;
earthworms;
steamed oats, corn, barley and wheat.

Carp are fed twice a day: early in the morning and in the evening. The exception is juveniles - fry up to 10 grams are fed every hour. It is better to always serve food in the same place, in a special “feeder”. This will make it easier to control whether the fish eat all the food, catch the largest specimens, and also prevent the water from acidifying with excess spoiled food.

The food is added in small portions. The falling asleep of food is accompanied by a special sound, for example, the ringing of a bell - the fish remembers this sound and swims for food. A portion of food for an individual less than 500 grams should be approximately equal to 100% of its weight. For older specimens, the portion is significantly reduced - up to 3% of weight. In winter, the number of meals can be increased to 3.

Carp are fed twice a day: early in the morning and in the evening.

Cost estimates for home carp farming

Organization of a reservoir - from 20 to 100 thousand rubles.
Purchase of swimming pools - from 8 to 30 thousand rubles.
Purchase of fry, approximately 10 kg - 12,000 thousand rubles.
Equipment (compressor, filters, sterilizers) - from 20 thousand rubles.
Feed - 1-2 thousand rubles monthly.

Profitability

If you consider carp breeding as a source of profit, it is better to think about sales in advance. Good sales channels can be fish and grocery stores, as well as catering establishments. It is more profitable to sell carps alive, at a wholesale price of 200 rubles per 1 kilogram. The return on costs in this case depends solely on production volumes and sales.

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