The editor-in-chief of the newspaper is true under Stalin. The history of the creation of the newspaper "Pravda. From the history of the newspaper "Pravda"

The history of the creation of the newspaper "Pravda"

The VI All-Russian (Prague) Conference of the RSDLP (b), on the initiative of V. I. Lenin, adopted a decision to publish a mass workers' Bolshevik daily newspaper, and on April 22 (May 5), 1912, the first issue of Pravda was published.

Hence the name of the Bolsheviks of that time - "Pravdists". With the help of this newspaper, it was intended to distract the working reader from the tabloid press and, under the slogan "unity from below", to ensure their influence in the social democratic organizations.

The working class vigorously supported the idea of \u200b\u200bcreating such a newspaper. Inflow has begun money from workers.

The creator of the newspaper was V.I. Lenin. He supervised the work of the publication from abroad. The official publisher of the newspaper until December 1912 was N.G. Poletaev, then A.E.Badaev. The literary department in 1912-1914 was headed by Maxim Gorky. VM Molotov worked as the editorial secretary. I. Stalin was the organizer and leader of Pravda in the years 1912-1914 and in 1917, when Pravda played a role in the preparation of an armed uprising.

The newspaper was closed several times, but continued to be published under different names: in 1913 - "Rabochaya Pravda", "Severnaya Pravda", "Proletarskaya Pravda", "Trudovaya Pravda". Before the outbreak of the First World War in July 1914, the newspaper was finally banned. In 1917, the issue of Pravda was resumed. And after the October Revolution in 1917, Pravda received the status of an organ of the Central Committee of the RSDLP.

Already at the end of 1912, Vladimir Ilyich wrote about the creation of Pravda as a major event history: "By putting on a daily workers' newspaper, the St. Petersburg workers have accomplished a major - without exaggeration, one might say, a historic deed ... The creation of Pravda is an outstanding proof of the consciousness, energy and solidarity of the Russian workers."

Chief Editor:

KOMOTSKY Boris Olegovich

Editorial team:

V.P. VISHNYAKOV (executive secretary);

N.M. KOZHANOV;

V.S. LEATHER;

T.N. SMIRNOVA.

From the history of the newspaper "Pravda"

The decision to create the newspaper was made by the delegates of the VI All-Russian (Prague) Conference of the RSDLP on the initiative of V.I. Lenin. For many years, as a party leader, he was the ideological inspirer and constant author of Pravda. Thanks to Vladimir Ilyich, she became a real collective propagandist and organizer of the working people of Russia. The newspaper discussed the most important problems of the life of the workers, inspired them to strike struggle and political protest actions, led open discussions about the role of the proletariat and the peasantry in the coming reorganization of society, was for readers a school of Marxist theory and practice. “Having put up a daily workers' newspaper, - wrote V.I. Lenin, - the St. Petersburg workers have accomplished a major, without exaggeration, one might say, historical work ... The creation of Pravda remains an outstanding proof of the consciousness, energy and solidarity of the Russian workers. "

They started publishing Pravda in St. Petersburg. It was here that her first issue came out. The newspaper of the Bolshevik Party immediately began to experience persecution from the tsarist regime. At the beginning of July 1914 it was closed. Later, its publication under the original title was resumed after February revolution... Between 1912 and 1914, the newspaper, which was regularly banned by the censorship, was published under different names: Rabochaya Pravda, Severnaya Pravda, Pravda Truda, Za Pravda, Path of Truth, Proletarskaya Pravda and others. I.V. Stalin, V.M. Molotov, M.S. Olminsky, K.S. Eremeev, F.F. Raskolnikov, V.V. Vorovsky, M.I. Ulyanova, A.V. Lunacharsky. The ideological leadership of the newspaper was carried out by V.I. Lenin, interacting with the editorial board from emigration.

Pravda persistently exposed the feudal capitalist oppression and fought for the liberation of working people from poverty and lawlessness. The newspaper quickly won recognition from the revolutionary-minded workers. On their voluntary contributions and carried out its publication. Workers' representatives were active employees, correspondents and distributors of the newspaper. Thanks to mass support, Pravda was published in a large circulation for that time. The average circulation of one issue was 40 thousand copies, and in some months it reached 60 thousand.

Pravda played a special role in the propaganda of Bolshevik ideas during the period of preparation for the Great October Socialist Revolution. Only from March 5 (18) to July 5 (18), 1917, 99 issues of the newspaper with a total circulation of about 8 million were published. Its daily circulation during this period was already 85-100 thousand. Pravda was a truly people's newspaper. In March 1917 alone, about 16 thousand rubles were collected by Russian workers in its fund. It was on them that the Trud printing house was acquired, which printed the newspaper.

During the July crisis, by order of the bourgeois Provisional Government, Pravda was destroyed and the premises of the printing house were arrested. But the newspaper was able to continue the struggle.

After the victory of the Great October Socialist Revolution, Pravda was rightfully considered the main newspaper of the country. Its pages depict the rich history of our socialist homeland, great victories and difficulties in building a new society. Lenin's Pravda played a huge role in strengthening the ranks of the party and expanding its ties with the masses at all stages of the heroic biography of the Land of Soviets.

During the Civil War, Pravda became a mouthpiece, mobilizing the forces of the revolution to fight foreign intervention. When the victory was achieved, the main attention of the newspaper focused on questions of economic construction, on the implementation of NEP, the fight against illiteracy, the implementation of the GOELRO plan, industrialization and collectivization of the national economy.

Everywhere and everywhere the journalists of Pravda, its workers and peasants' correspondents were in the thick of things. From Moscow to the very outskirts, they conveyed information about the successes of Soviet power, informed the world about the construction of the Dneproges and Magnitka, the Stalingrad Tractor and Gorky Automobile Plants, about the long-distance flights of our heroic pilots and world records of Stakhanovite shock workers, about the achievements of our science and technology. The newspaper's field editions worked at major construction sites. Pravda did a great deal of work on developing socialist emulation, promoting shock work, and instilling a communist attitude toward labor among the working people. Fascinated by creation, the USSR persistently pursued a peace-loving foreign policy course. Pravda did everything possible to promote this, propagandizing the approaches of the Soviet state, exposing the aggressive policy of imperialist circles.

In the difficult time of the treacherous attack of Hitler's fascism on our Soviet Motherland, Pravda was next to every soldier and commander, worker and collective farmer, with every communist and Komsomol member, instilling confidence in our inevitable victory over the enemy. Party slogan "Everything for the front, everything for victory!" formed the basis of the daily activities of the newspaper. The best of the best writers and poets were the authors of "Pravda" during the wartime. Among them - M. Sholokhov, K. Simonov, V. Vishnevsky, B. Gorbatov, M. Isakovsky, L. Leonov, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, B. Polevoy, S. Sergeev-Tsensky and others. Many of the war correspondents of the newspaper laid down their heads in a severe struggle for our Motherland, for our people.

Already in the hardest first years of the war, as a result of inhuman efforts, a single, well-coordinated and rapidly growing military economy was created. By the beginning of 1943, it made it possible to eliminate the enemy's superiority in technology and achieve a radical change in the course of the war. Pravda rendered tremendous assistance to the Party in mobilizing the masses of the people to help the front and to defeat the enemy.

After the May 1945 fireworks, the winners, together with Pravda, rebuilt our destroyed towns and villages, factories and factories, schools and palaces of culture from the ruins. Having revived the national economy of the country, they continued creative construction - they raised virgin lands, conquered the mighty Siberian rivers, and brought the space era of mankind closer. From the pages of the central organ of the CPSU, millions of Soviet citizens learned about our victories on the labor front, about the flight of the first Soviet Earth satellite and the space launch of Yuri Gagarin, about the conquest of the North Pole by the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Arktika" and shock Komsomol construction sites.

For many decades of Russian and Soviet history, Pravda has become a heroic chronicle of our people. Step by step, day after day, it accommodated the experiences of millions of Soviet people. The country honorably noted this labor feat of many generations of journalists, editors, proofreaders, photojournalists, worker-sellers, all those who wore and still bear the proud title of Pravdist. The newspaper's contribution to the cause of socialist construction was appreciated by the highest awards of the Soviet state: two Orders of Lenin and the Order of the October Revolution. Many of those who wrote the history of the Great Socialist Era glorified their names thanks to the authority of Pravda. They became known to the whole world, to whom the newspaper opened a broad picture of the achievements of our heroic people.

In the period of destruction Soviet Union Pravda was one of the first to take the blow of the "reformers". They tried to close the newspaper, reorient it to meet the needs of the "democratizers", force it to abandon its principles. But Lenin's Pravda and its journalistic staff did not flinch, withstood the persecution and harassment, did not succumb to the promises of local and foreign mediators. Pravdists had to go through dozens of court hearings in order to defend the right to continue to bring the Word of Pravdy to people, in order to return the status of the main newspaper of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation.

Throughout its biography, Pravda is not a simple storyteller about great and dramatic events in the country and the world. She acts as their active participant, the creator of history. Even today the newspaper carries socialist ideals to the masses, defends the interests of working people, and fights for the establishment of true democracy. It continues to maintain an inseparable connection with the fate of the people of the great country and its Communist Party. Pravda serves as the main tribune of the Communist Party, publishes the main documents of the party, explains its position on topical issues modernity, organizes the masses to fight for better life... Together with other national-patriotic publications, together with our regional newspapers, Pravda is still in the forefront of fighters for the power of the working people.

Date of publication: 06/14/2019

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On April 22 (May 5), 1912, the first issue of the first legal daily workers' newspaper in Russia, created on the initiative ofV.I. Lenin - "True". The newspaper began to be published by the decision of the 6th All-Russian (Prague) ConferenceRSDLPheld in January 1912 in response to the workers' desire for a daily newspaper.

The actual editor and leader of Pravda was V. I. Lenin. He determined its direction, took care of the selection of the editorial staff and the group of authors, and developed the structure of the newspaper. The publishers of Pravda and its active collaborators were the Bolsheviks - deputies of the 4th State Duma: AE Badaev, MK Muranov, GI Petrovsky, FN Samoilov, NR Shagov.

The purpose of the newspaper was "to illuminate the path of the Russian workers' movement with the light of international social democracy, to sow the truth among the workers about the friends and enemies of the working class, to guard the interests of the working class ...".

Pravda was published with funds from voluntary contributions from workers, many of whom were its active collaborators, correspondents and distributors. Thanks to their massive support, the newspaper was published in a large circulation at that time - an average of 40 thousand copies, and in some months - up to 60 thousand copies daily.

In 1912-1914. in "Pravda" published correspondence on the course of the proletarian struggle in various cities of the country, letters about the working and living conditions of workers, materials about the life of the countryside. The newspaper wrote about the need to confiscate all landlord lands in favor of the peasants, and called on all strata of the working people under the leadership of the working class to fight the autocracy, against social and national oppression.

Pravda was subject to constant police harassment. In two years the newspaper was closed eight times, but continued to be published under different names: Rabochaya Pravda, Severnaya Pravda, Pravda Truda, etc. 8(21) July 1914 the newspaper was closed, its publication was resumed on 5(18) March 1917 the Provisional Government continued the policy of persecuting the newspaper, she was again forced to change the names: "Leaf of Pravdy", "Proletarian", "Rabochy", "Rabochy Put".

On October 27 (November 9), 1917, the Central Organ of the Bolshevik Party began to appear under its former name. Pravda propagated the strategy and tactics of the Bolshevik Party, carried out a great deal of ideological and educational work, published the most important documents and materials of the Party, and Lenin's works.

With the liquidation of the non-communist press in 1918, Pravda became the main newspaper in the country. On its pages, the most acute, topical issues of state policy and public life were always discussed.

In 1922, to commemorate the publication of the first issue of the newspaper "Pravda"X Congress of the RCP (b) adopted a Resolution on the celebration of the 5th May Press Day.

In 1945 the newspaper was awardedOrder of Lenin for outstanding achievements in mobilizing the Soviet people to build a socialist society and defend the Motherland during the Great Patriotic War... The 50th and 60th anniversaries of Pravda were marked by the presentation of the second Order of Lenin andOrder of the October Revolution .

In 1975, the newspaper was published with a total one-time circulation of 10.6 million copies, printed simultaneously in 42 cities from the pages received via phototelegraphic communication channels or from matrices delivered by air, the newspaper was subscribed to in more than 120 foreign countries.

In the early 1990s. Pravda has suspended and resumed its issues several times.

Since April 1997, the newspaper began to appear as a body of the Communist Party, which was confirmed by a special resolution of the IV Congress of the Communist Party.

Lit .: Press Day // Great Soviet Encyclopedia. M., T.8. 1972; The daily workers' newspaper "Pravda". April 22 (May 5) 1912 No.1; The same [Electronic resource].Url: http: // oldgazette. ru / pravda / 05051912 / index1. html; Andronov S.A., Tsukasov S. V. Truth // Great Soviet Encyclopedia. M.,T. 20.1975.

The decision to create the newspaper was made by the delegates of the VI All-Russian (Prague) Conference of the RSDLP on the initiative of V.I. Lenin. For many years, as a party leader, he was the ideological inspirer and constant author of Pravda. Thanks to Vladimir Ilyich, she became a real collective propagandist and organizer of the working people of Russia. The newspaper discussed the most important problems of the life of the workers, inspired them to strike struggle and political protest actions, led open discussions about the role of the proletariat and the peasantry in the coming reorganization of society, was for readers a school of Marxist theory and practice. “Having put up a daily workers' newspaper, - wrote V.I. Lenin, - the St. Petersburg workers have accomplished a major, without exaggeration, one might say, historical work ... The creation of Pravda remains an outstanding proof of the consciousness, energy and solidarity of the Russian workers. "

They started publishing Pravda in St. Petersburg. It was here that her first issue came out. The newspaper of the Bolshevik Party immediately began to experience persecution from the tsarist regime. At the beginning of July 1914, it was closed. Later, its publication under the original name was resumed after the February Revolution. Between 1912 and 1914, the newspaper, which was regularly banned by the censorship, was published under different titles: Rabochaya Pravda, Severnaya Pravda, Pravda Truda, Za Pravda, Path of Truth, Proletarskaya Pravda and others. I.V. Stalin, V.M. Molotov, M.S. Olminsky, K.S. Eremeev, F.F. Raskolnikov, V.V. Vorovsky, M.I. Ulyanova, A.V. Lunacharsky. The ideological leadership of the newspaper was carried out by V.I. Lenin, interacting with the editorial board from emigration.

Pravda persistently exposed the feudal capitalist oppression and fought for the liberation of working people from poverty and lawlessness. The newspaper quickly won recognition from the revolutionary-minded workers. Their voluntary contributions were used to publish it. Workers' representatives were active employees, correspondents and distributors of the newspaper. Thanks to mass support, Pravda was published in a large circulation for that time. The average circulation of one issue was 40 thousand copies, and in some months it reached 60 thousand.

Pravda played a special role in the propaganda of Bolshevik ideas during the period of preparation for the Great October Socialist Revolution. Only from March 5 (18) to July 5 (18), 1917, 99 issues of the newspaper with a total circulation of about 8 million were published. Its daily circulation during this period was already 85-100 thousand. Pravda was a truly people's newspaper. In March 1917 alone, about 16 thousand rubles were collected by Russian workers in its fund. It was on them that the Trud printing house was acquired, which printed the newspaper.

During the July crisis, by order of the bourgeois Provisional Government, Pravda was destroyed and the premises of the printing house were arrested. But the newspaper was able to continue the struggle.

After the victory of the Great October Socialist Revolution, Pravda was rightfully considered the main newspaper of the country. Its pages depict the rich history of our socialist homeland, great victories and difficulties in building a new society. Lenin's Pravda played a huge role in strengthening the ranks of the party and expanding its ties with the masses at all stages of the heroic biography of the Land of Soviets.

During the Civil War, Pravda became a mouthpiece, mobilizing the forces of the revolution to fight foreign intervention. When the victory was achieved, the main attention of the newspaper focused on questions of economic construction, on the implementation of NEP, the fight against illiteracy, the implementation of the GOELRO plan, industrialization and collectivization of the national economy.

Everywhere and everywhere the journalists of Pravda, its workers and peasants' correspondents were in the thick of things. From Moscow to the very outskirts, they conveyed information about the successes of Soviet power, informed the world about the construction of the Dneproges and Magnitka, the Stalingrad Tractor and Gorky Automobile Plants, about the long-distance flights of our heroic pilots and world records of Stakhanovite shock workers, about the achievements of our science and technology. The newspaper's field editions worked at major construction sites. Pravda did a great deal of work on developing socialist emulation, promoting shock work, and instilling a communist attitude toward labor among the working people. Fascinated by creation, the USSR persistently pursued a peace-loving foreign policy. Pravda did everything possible to promote this, propagandizing the approaches of the Soviet state, exposing the aggressive policy of imperialist circles.

In the difficult time of the treacherous attack of Hitler's fascism on our Soviet Motherland, Pravda was next to every soldier and commander, worker and collective farmer, with every communist and Komsomol member, instilling confidence in our inevitable victory over the enemy. Party slogan "Everything for the front, everything for victory!" formed the basis of the daily activities of the newspaper. The best of the best writers and poets were the authors of "Pravda" during the wartime. Among them - M. Sholokhov, K. Simonov, V. Vishnevsky, B. Gorbatov, M. Isakovsky, L. Leonov, S. Marshak, S. Mikhalkov, B. Polevoy, S. Sergeev-Tsensky and others. Many of the newspaper's war correspondents laid down their heads in a harsh struggle for our Motherland, for our people.

Already in the hardest first years of the war, as a result of inhuman efforts, a single, well-coordinated and rapidly growing military economy was created. By the beginning of 1943, it made it possible to eliminate the enemy's superiority in technology and achieve a radical change in the course of the war. Pravda rendered tremendous assistance to the Party in mobilizing the masses of the people to help the front and to defeat the enemy.

After the May 1945 fireworks, the winners, together with Pravda, rebuilt our destroyed towns and villages, factories and factories, schools and palaces of culture from the ruins. Having revived the national economy of the country, they continued their creative construction - they raised virgin lands, conquered the mighty Siberian rivers, and brought the space era of mankind closer. From the pages of the central body of the CPSU, millions of Soviet citizens learned about our victories on the labor front, about the flight of the first Soviet Earth satellite and the space launch of Yuri Gagarin, about the conquest of the North Pole by the nuclear-powered icebreaker "Arktika" and shock Komsomol construction sites.

For many decades of Russian and Soviet history, Pravda has become a heroic chronicle of our people. Step by step, day after day, it accommodated the experiences of millions of Soviet people. The country honorably noted this labor feat of many generations of journalists, editors, proofreaders, photojournalists, worker-sellers, all those who wore and still bear the proud title of Pravdist. The newspaper's contribution to the cause of socialist construction was appreciated by the highest awards of the Soviet state: two Orders of Lenin and the Order of the October Revolution. Many of those who wrote the history of the Great Socialist era glorified their names thanks to the authority of Pravda. They became known to the whole world, to whom the newspaper opened a broad picture of the achievements of our heroic people.

During the destruction of the Soviet Union, Pravda was one of the first to take the blow of the "reformers". They tried to close the newspaper, reorient it to meet the needs of the "democratizers", force it to abandon its principles. But Lenin's Pravda and its journalistic staff did not flinch, withstood the persecution and harassment, did not succumb to the promises of local and foreign mediators. Through tens court hearings Pravdists had to go through in order to defend the right to continue to bring the Word of Truth to people, in order to return the status of the main newspaper of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation.

Throughout its biography, Pravda is not a simple storyteller about great and dramatic events in the country and the world. She acts as their active participant, the creator of history. Even today the newspaper carries socialist ideals to the masses, defends the interests of working people, and fights for the establishment of true democracy. It continues to maintain an inseparable connection with the fate of the people of the great country and its Communist Party. Pravda serves as the main tribune of the Communist Party, publishes the main documents of the party, explains its position on pressing issues of our time, and organizes the masses to fight for a better life. Together with other national-patriotic publications, together with our regional newspapers, Pravda is still in the forefront of fighters for the power of the working people.

 

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