Why do they put stamps on envelopes? Why do we need stamps on envelopes? You will be able to comment on the topic when it is published.

When sending letters and postcards in postal envelopes, many of you probably wondered how many stamps are needed per envelope for the recipient to receive it? First of all, it must be said that a postage stamp is a sign of payment for the fee for sending postal items. They are issued by special postal departments. Postage stamps have different face values. The denomination of the stamp is usually indicated in the country's monetary units. For example, in September 2011, several series of postage stamps were issued in denominations of 9, 12, 14, 15, 20, 25, 30 and 50 rubles.

Strictly speaking, how many stamps you need for an envelope will only be told to you at the post office, since the cost of postage will depend on the type of item and the weight of the letter itself. Thus, in order to design an envelope and stick the required number of stamps on it, you need to know the current prices for mailing letters. The Russian Post website presents the following information according to tariffs.

A simple letter weighing up to 20 g - 11 rubles 80 kopecks, ordered letter weighing up to 20 g - 26 rubles, a letter with a declared value weighing up to 20 g - 59 rubles. For each subsequent full or partial 20 g of weight of a simple/registered letter, you must pay an additional 1 ruble 25 kopecks, letters with a declared value - 1 ruble 70 kopecks. Value added tax is not charged when paying for postage stamps.

How many stamps do you need per envelope to send a letter abroad? It’s easy to guess that the prices for sending such letters will be much more expensive. For example, the cost of sending a simple letter weighing up to 20 g. by land transport will be 20 rubles 40 kopecks.

The question of how many stamps are needed per envelope arises when we have a blank envelope without stamps. Some envelopes are initially printed with stamps, for example, the letter A. The presence of this letter on the envelope means that the cost of sending the letter is already included in the price of the envelope, provided that the letter is simple and its weight does not exceed 20 g. In other cases, when There are no stamps on the envelope; they need to be added additionally.

In large organizations, the volume of postal items is so large that sometimes it is necessary to automate this process. For this purpose they use a special software. For example, "Mail Envelopes" allows you to print both individual envelopes and mass mailings of letters in branded envelopes. When organizing large-scale mailings, you need to take care of correct filling envelopes, and also calculate how many stamps are needed per envelope. Let us remind you that the cost of shipping will depend on the type of letter (simple, registered, etc.) and its weight.

When sending a letter within Russia without the Latin letter A, stamps worth 11 rubles 80 kopecks must be affixed to the envelope. Otherwise, the letter will be returned back to the post office and will not be delivered to the specified address. We hope our article will help you figure out how many stamps you need per envelope in various cases.

This may seem like a fairly simple procedure, but only the correct affixing of a postage stamp to the envelope can guarantee that it reaches its destination. Envelope dimensions and specific gravity letters affect the amount of postage, and therefore the required number of stamps that are affixed to the envelope depends on them. Postage rates vary from state to state and may change over time, so you will need to contact your post office to find out the current postage fee.

Place the stamp on the envelope correctly

Envelope dimensions

The dimensions of the postal envelope are indicated on the pack of envelopes or on the envelope itself. So, size 14 has dimensions of 12.7 x 29.2 centimeters. It is considered a standard. As a rule, such envelopes are rectangular in shape. They are sold in packs at all post offices. Alternatively, you can send your letter in a slightly smaller envelope, for example, a size 10, which is 10.5 x 24.1 centimeters. Then it is possible to stick a regular stamp on it. If possible, you should fold the letter in half, then it will fit more easily into a rectangular envelope, and postage costs will be correspondingly lower. Envelopes larger than size 14 are considered large or “flat” and are much more expensive than regular ones. Envelopes, the size of a postcard, are intended for small, usually greeting cards and for sending out wedding invitations. They require additional cash expenses. This can be explained by the fact that postal items have a non-standard, or even square shape, or they are made of very thick cardboard, and therefore require individual processing using special mechanisms.

Letter weight

You can weigh your letter at any post office or using small office scales. Both the weight and size of the letter, together with the envelope, will affect the amount of postage and the cost of the stamp. Basically, the heavier your letter, the higher the cost of all postage will be. If the letter is in a standard envelope and its weight is less than 368 grams, then it can be sent by first class mail. The shipping price will be the same as a “flat” envelope. If a letter in a standard envelope weighs more than 368 grams, it is better to send it by priority mail, but the postage will be slightly higher than in the case of a “flat” envelope.

Selecting a delivery type

First class mail

You need to decide whether you will send the letter by “first class” mail, or “priority class” mail, or use “standard mail”. . There are three main levels of postal services today. They are designed to comply with US Post Office regulations. First class mail sends letters made of thick, square-shaped materials.

Letter delivery methods

To send a letter by first class mail, its weight must not exceed 368 grams. And the shipping cost will be the same, regardless of the remoteness of the addressee’s location.

The average time for sending a letter is 2-3 days. For those who need to send one letter, this will be the ideal way. All you need is an envelope and a standard postage stamp, as well as access to any mailbox to drop the envelope into.

Priority Mail

Priority mail is ideal when you absolutely need delivery by the next business day. However, to send it, your envelope with the letter must weigh at least 900 grams. You can also order Additional services, such as tracking the movement of a letter and notifying that it has been delivered to the addressee, as well as some others.

Pasting a stamp will help your letter reach the recipient on time. To do this, you need to choose the right envelope, weigh it, and decide on the type of delivery. Then the postal operator will sell you the appropriate stamp, which, when affixed to the envelope, will guarantee successful delivery.

How many stamps should I put on an envelope in Russia?

There has been a negative trend in writing lately. paper letters. If earlier the life of almost every person was in one way or another connected with letters, because with the help of them they kept in touch with relatives and friends, found out information of interest and looked for new acquaintances, but now, with the advent of new gadgets that have become an important part of life modern man, such a need has disappeared.

After all, sending an instant message is much easier and simpler than writing a letter, buying an envelope, finding out how many stamps to put on the envelope, and sending it at the post office. But still, some people still prefer to use this type of communication, which is why mail continues to exist.

How to fill out

Information about the sender is written in the far left corner. It indicates the full last name, first name and patronymic of the sender, as well as the address and zip code. In the lower left corner, the letter recipient's index is filled in, which is filled in according to the sample indicated on the back of the letter.

In the lower right corner, information about the recipient is filled in - full name, surname, patronymic, address and zip code. In the upper right corner there are stamps that are necessary for sending within the country or between countries, but before that you need to find out how many stamps to put on the envelope. After this, the sealed letter can be placed in a mailbox and submitted for processing.

How many stamps to glue?

But not everyone knows how many of these pictures to put on letters and parcels. In order to find out how many stamps to put on an envelope in Russia, you can contact either the post office or the official website of the Russian Post.

Currently, the following tariffs apply: a simple letter within Russia, which weighs up to 20 g, - 19 rubles, for a simple postcard - 14 rubles. But it is advisable to stick stamps for a slightly larger amount than the shipping rate indicated.

Sometimes it can be printed on the envelope itself, which allows you to avoid adding additional stamps. In this case, you only need to fill in the information about the sender and recipient.

Letter abroad

When sending a letter abroad, it is advisable to check directly with the post office how many stamps to put on the envelope, because rates change frequently. According to the latest data indicated by the Russian Post, the cost of stamps for a simple letter abroad up to 20 g is 31 rubles, and for a postcard the cost of stamps will also be 31 rubles.

We must not forget that the address and information about the recipient must be written in Latin letters or in the language of the country to which the letter is addressed, but the name of the state must also be written in Russian.

How to write the address correctly?

The address must be written legibly.

The recipient's address must be written in the lower right corner of the item. The sender's address is in the upper left.

The address indicates:

Full name of the recipient (in the format “Last Name First Name Patronymic”) or name of the organization (short or full)
Street name, house number, apartment number
Name settlement
Name of district, region, region or republic
The name of the country
PO Box number, if available (in the format “PO Box 15”)
Postcode according to the example:

For post restante letters, indicate on the envelope the city (region, district, village), post office code, full name of the recipient and write “Post restante”.

When sending to national republics and abroad

For the national republics of the Russian Federation: the sender and recipient data can be written in the state language of the corresponding republic, provided that they are repeated in Russian.

For shipments abroad: the recipient's details must be written in Latin letters and Arabic numerals. You can write the recipient's address in the language of the destination country. In any case, the name of the country of destination must be indicated in Russian too.

How to stick stamps

Stamps can be used to pay for postcards, letters and parcels in Russia and abroad. The total denomination of stamps affixed to the item must cover its cost.

The cost of a simple letter in Russia weighing up to 20 g is 22 rubles.

The cost of a simple letter abroad weighing up to 20 g is 35 rubles.

The cost of a simple postcard in Russia is 16 rubles.

The cost of a simple postcard abroad is 35 rubles.

Stamps must be affixed to the upper right corner of the address side of the envelope, postcard, or package. If this corner is occupied, place the stamps a little lower.

Sometimes the stamp may be printed directly on the envelope or card.

The letter A applied to the envelope allows you to send a simple letter within Russia weighing up to 20 g without affixing additional stamps.

The letter D printed on the envelope allows you to send a registered letter within Russia weighing up to 20 g without affixing additional stamps.

The letter B applied to the postcard allows you to send this postcard throughout Russia without affixing additional stamps.

Having added stamps for the required amount, you can send postcards and envelopes with the letters A, B and D abroad.

Types of creativity

DIY packaging

So much has been said about our mail, but not enough. It's a very confusing thing to send and receive mail. And these endless queues, wasted time, frayed nerves... Therefore, many avoid mail and try not to communicate with it. This was the case for me until I started using mail for real. Gradually, I found an almost painless and simple way to communicate with mail. I wish the same for everyone else! I will share some secrets and useful background information. Russian Post will henceforth be called PR.

If you received a parcel, parcel post, small package.

Maybe this is not the case at all post offices, but we have two types of notifications. At my post office they differ in paper :) On gray toilet paper there are registered parcels (small packages) - they are received at the delivery department. On a white piece of paper - ordinary parcels (and parcels) - you need to stand behind them in other windows. And this is a real torment - after all, in these windows they still receive pensions, send registered postal items, and also buy postcards, envelopes and stamps.

To be honest, I still don’t understand who determines which parcels are considered attributed and which are not. But the fact remains a fact. The delivery department issues only registered parcels, registered letters and some other rare types of items. Everything else goes to your favorite windows with queues :)

1. You must receive notice. Unfortunately, if you don't have it, it will be difficult to receive the parcel. It happens (and I experienced this myself) that notifications do not reach your inbox. Sometimes you can come to the post office and give your last name. And they will look for the package in the database (if your mail has it). But not all parcels end up in the database! We are talking again about those same assigned parcels. They are somehow registered incorrectly (although, perhaps, these are again miracles of my personal post office) i.e. not by last name. When they come to the post office, they are given an extension number and the location where the package is located. It’s good if the shipment is from abroad - your mobile phone number is indicated on the envelope. They will call you from the post office in about a week and say - you have a package here, pick it up. You will be given this internal number, which is given to the package when it arrives at your post office. Only knowing this number will you be able to request a blank notification form from the operator and fill it out. Without this number, they will most likely tell you that they are powerless to help you. In my presence, one young man was sent home like this. What are you doing without notification? How are we going to look for her? We need the number on the notice. It's another matter if your parcel has some kind of normal track number that is tracked. Then, as soon as you see that the parcel has arrived at your office through the tracking system, you can ask the operator to find your parcel using this tracking number. If you are ordering from abroad from free shipping(as I prefer) - 90% of parcels will be without a number or with a very strange track that our tracking systems cannot process.

2. Find out how your mail works. Find out exactly how your post office works. Opening hours, lunch. You'll have to run a little. You need to find out when there is usually an influx of visitors. For example, you need to come to my post office 20 minutes before lunch or an hour after. Then, with a high probability, the queues will be minimal. You also need to take into account that before the holidays many people send cards or gifts from the post office, and at the beginning of each month pensions are issued at the post office.

3. Come to the post office with a notice, passport and pen. In summer, take a fan with you - there is no air conditioning here. Don’t forget a book or handicraft with you... What if you didn’t get the line right? There will be something to do. It is better to fill out the notice at home. If the package is large, take your beloved man with you; if there are many small packages, don’t forget the package. The main thing is, when approaching the window, say hello and smile. The work of postal employees is difficult, nervous, and they pay little for it.

Postal items are stored at the post office for 30 days and then sent back. Of these, only 5 working days are free.

If you want to receive a parcel for someone, you will need a notarized power of attorney. Please contact your branch for details. There may be different requirements.

You want to send something using Russian Post.

Honestly, this PR notation system is killing me. Everything is so confusing, so poorly explained (even on the website), and veiled. What kind of conspiracy do they have there? From whom? The funny thing is, you start asking the employees - they themselves don’t know. You may ask, what does custom mean? How is it different from simple? Is it a difficult question? Let's figure it out.

Within the country there are: letters, parcels, multi-envelopes, parcels.

Letters and parcels are packed in envelopes or plastic bags PR. Multienvelope - into a special multienvelope. Parcels - items in boxes.

There are letters and parcels: simple and registered (i.e. with a tracking number). Registered ones are simple (the PR website claims that they exist, but in reality they cannot register a simple parcel post on computers - it automatically becomes registered), customized, valuable (i.e. with an assessment of the attachment). Those with an assessment can also be done with an inventory. They can only send letters and printed materials. No souvenirs. Souvenirs have long ceased to be sent. It takes on average 6 days.

Separately allocated 1st class items- also letters and parcels. They require special bags, envelopes and boxes marked 1st grade. The most important thing is that you can send product attachments by first class parcel! Tariffs for sending 1st class items depend only on the weight and location of shipment; the shipping distance does not affect the tariffs. In the sign below I indicated the tariffs for departure from Moscow. On the PR website you can view it by region. The difference is several tens of rubles. First class departures must take 5 days.

Multienvelope. Mysterious and elusive. This service has been featured on the PR website for a long time. But... I didn’t find multienvelopes for sale at any post office. And the operators themselves have never heard of such things. But there are companies on the Internet that make them. You can send disks, printed materials, and product attachments. It's cheaper than parcel and first class. Legal opportunity to send product attachments. On the PR website they say that the multienvelope can be simple or custom.

Parcels are always registered - there are ordinary and declared value. Parcels need to be packed either in special PR boxes - then these are standard or heavy parcels, or in their own boxes (only without tape and traces of tape on the box) - these will be non-standard parcels. It takes at least 8 working days.

By the way, you can choose between ground or airmail (not always, ask).

I will not touch upon the inventory and evaluation. Evaluation - it’s clear here, you evaluate, pay a percentage on top. Fee for the declared value of a letter: for every full or incomplete 1 ruble of estimated value 0.03 rubles. It’s more difficult with parcels - except for 0.03 rubles per 1 ruble. The method of delivery (ground, air, combined) and distance are also important for assessments - see the website or check with the PR operator. Inventory - you fill out a piece of paper, write what’s inside, and give it to the operator. I wanted to tell you how to make your life easier if you need to send something by mail. If you send once a year, this is not very relevant, but when once a week...

1. Find out how the post office works, go to the post office when the queues are minimal and buy some stamps. Stamps are needed to send letters and parcels. If you already have stamps, then, firstly, you will not be charged 7 rubles per stamp sticker, and secondly, you will pay the post office without VAT (you paid VAT when you bought the stamps). Advice: take 25 tok, 10 tok more if you are sending not very heavy parcels. 50 for those who send parcels over 200-300 g. It is better to have the remaining small stamps of 1, 2, 3, etc. in a small supply. Don't take too many stakes. If the package or envelope is small, there is not enough space on it for sticking stamps. Important! If you send something without purchasing stamps in advance or forget to tell the operator that you know how to affix stamps yourself, you will receive the line on the receipt: “Stamp sticker - 7r.” Of course, 7 rubles is not much. But after the tenth sent banedrol it is already sensitive. Regarding pasting of stamps. There is a special field on plastic envelopes for this. The stamps need to be glued together as closely as possible to make it easier for the operator to extinguish them. But it’s better not to stick up the cost.

2. Buy envelopes in advance. Not at the post office! Although, if you want an envelope with a stamp on it, then only at the post office. I buy regular envelopes at any stationery store or bookstore. There, for 100-150 rubles I get 100 pieces, and at the post office they sell me 1 piece for 7-10 rubles. Feel the difference. In addition, the post office does not always have the required envelopes. Nowadays, such narrow and long envelopes of E65 or DL format are in use. But there is no envelope in which you can put 10x15 photos or a postcard (C6) at the post office! Yes, and with large envelopes there can be problems. By the way, here's a tip on envelopes.

3. Buy plastic bags and PR boxes in advance. Not at the post office! Surprised? Yes, the post office is EXPENSIVE. You can buy PR packages on the Internet. Price for package 114x162 - 2.5 rubles, 162x229 - about 5 rubles, 229x324 - 7 rubles. Next, look and search - there are many sites. Also with boxes and containers for 1st class.

4. If you want to send a parcel, go to the post office in advance and pick up the forms (f. 116) in reserve to familiarize yourself with them at home and partially fill them out.

5. After filling, packing, weighing and affixing the stamps at home, Bring your favorite book and good music with you. Be above the hustle and bustle.

If you came to the post office with only what you need to send, then, first, there would be a queue for packages, envelopes, stamps, boxes, then a queue to register all this with the operator. It's better to do all this at home. Below, by the way, you will find a sign with tariffs.

First, let's decide whether we will honestly comply with all postal rules or whether the cheapness of sending is more important? How valuable is the investment - can it be sent by simple letter or parcel post? Or is it better to register?

Now I often visit a site where people give each other things away for free. Therefore, I often send such parcels myself to different parts of Russia. So, everything that I send there is not particularly valuable things. Sometimes important only for collectors (some flyers, kinders, matches, jewelry, etc.).

Therefore, at home, I simply pack these things as carefully as possible - so that they are not palpable, so that they look like printed materials - like books, notepads or papers. I lay it with cardboard, for example. They say it’s convenient to hide flat things in corrugated cardboard. I'm picking up plastic bag PR (or paper envelope), I pack, sign, weigh on a kitchen scale. By weight, glue the stamps onto a simple parcel or letter. I come to the post office and give it to the operator without queuing or throw it straight into the box if my item is thin enough. If they ask what’s inside, I assure you that it’s printed material. You can intimidate them with the word “scrapbooking”. And guess what, this isn't printed material?

Of course, send things like this self made dangerous. If it gets lost, you won’t find it! But not very valuable materials can be used. You can, of course, order it, but if you have a commodity investment inside, you are still violating PR rules. Although, it seems to me, the choice here falls on the buyer- He pays for shipping. If he is willing to overpay an extra 20-30 rubles for the tracking number, great. If he wants a 1st class parcel, it’s better for us - we won’t violate the PR rules! Of course, for you this means standing in line at the post office, but you will both be sure that the likelihood that the item will reach the addressee is maximum.

And so, the bottom line. You can send without nerves, without a queue, without a track and cheaply - simple parcels and letters. They even sent me a chain letter once. You pack it at home, put stamps on it, take it to the post office – you’re free. BUT! Since we all send here, most often, things are valuable, handmade and often in a single copy. Registered and valuable shipments are queues, time-consuming, expensive, but there is a track number, i.e. You can track the shipment. And a first class parcel is generally a salvation if you are willing to pay for it. And, if you have something big, you can send it by parcel. The main thing is to carefully lay the goods inside the box so that they do not dangle. Only the cost of the parcel depends very much on the distance, unlike 1st class. Sometimes 1st class travel will be more profitable. Use the rater.

What about multi-envelopes?– when this beast appears on the public market, it will become easier for all of us. I mean those who ship small items. Weight up to 150 g and it doesn’t matter where you send it. Tariffs are the same. Class! But where are you, multi-envelope?

Hint plate with tariffs to help:

I didn’t look into foreign shipments here. There, in principle, everything is similar, only because of the fall of the ruble, the tariffs are absolutely terrible. Well, there are no parcels there. You can send letters, small packages and parcels abroad. I can also make a sign for international shipments.

In fact, whatever it is - thanks to our mail! Be more gentle and kind to the mail - and everything will be fine! Always smile and say hello to postal employees. They don't want this!

Keywords

tell friends

Eh, talk, don't talk,

In Russia there was, is and will be:

No matter how much you don’t like mail,

She will love you more..)

Wow!! Cool!! This is the first time I’ve heard about paying with stamps.

If you look closely at the receipt that the operator gives you when sending parcels and letters, it says: sale of stamps. When sending parcels or letters, the price per gram will be given in marks. Those. How many rubles do you need to put stamps on? When to buy them is no longer important)))

I have been using stamp payments for a long time now. At first I glued it myself, but when there are several parcels every day, it also takes time to apply the sticker.

Just now, out of curiosity, I looked and the receipt says “pasting stamps” - 0.80 rubles.

Daria, it is unlikely that what you have outlined can serve as cheat sheets and tips. This is your individual experience and the characteristics of your post office.

They wrote correctly in the comments - you need to study the rules on the Russian Post website.

I haven’t stood in lines for a long time now; I bring them, leave the items, and then a few hours later I go in to pick up receipts. And I haven’t seen the notice for a long time)))

80 kopecks. we have 7 rubles!

Maybe on the number of stamps or on the type of parcel? We also have 7 rubles.

and we issue stamps for the required amount and glue them ourselves, the damp pillow stands on the counter

I often get asked to help and explain something about mail. Those who actively use it do not even suspect that this is a terrible dark forest for the majority.

I'm just tired of explaining it to everyone. I will give a link to the topic))

No, honestly. Has anyone read the rules (namely rules, not signs with the cost of shipments) (regulatory documents section)?

And what is the “dark forest”?

Before YAM, I didn’t send or receive anything. But I didn’t experience any difficulties during the first shipment and subsequent ones.

This is just as they begin to say, as some visitors here at YAM don’t understand everything

If you want, you will find out; if you don’t want, you will find excuses.

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The history of postage stamps dates back to the 19th century. It is unknown when and where the first stamp was made. The father and creator of the postage stamp (which was called the Black Penny) is most often called the Englishman Rowland Hill.

Interesting! The Universal Postal Union in the 19th century decided that postage stamps should indicate in Latin letters the name of the issuing country. This rule does not apply only to Great Britain, since it was its citizen who made a great contribution to the development of postal services.

What is a postage stamp for?

The familiar piece of colored paper is a sign indicating that postage has been paid.

The main characteristics of the brand (color, size, shape, image) can be very different. Only the attributes approved by law remain unchanged, including cost.

Stamps, depending on the method of gluing to an envelope or postcard, are of two types:

with an unprotected layer of glue, gummed;
With protective film, self-adhesive.

Instructions - how to properly attach a stamp to an envelope

The upper right corner of the envelope is a place for a postage stamp. There should not be more than three brands in one row. So that employees postal service it was more convenient to work with correspondence; they need to be glued onto the letter so that it turns out to be a square, and not a long strip.

How to place a self-adhesive stamp on an envelope?

To do this, simply remove the protective paper layer. Holding the top right and bottom left corners, place the stamp on the envelope and smooth it out with your fingers.

How to glue a gummed stamp?

On the back of such a postage stamp there is a layer of glue that is activated upon contact with water.

Wet the stamp generously with back side finger, dipping it into a container of plain water. Another more common method is to apply a stamp to the tongue. This can also be done if there is only one brand. If there are 10 of them, it’s not worth risking your health.
Place the stamp on the envelope in the upper right corner and smooth it out with your hand. Do not stretch it too much in different directions to avoid damaging it.

What stamp to put on an envelope in Russia

If you bought a blank envelope, then you need to stick enough stamps on it so that their cost corresponds to the postal service tariff.

There are envelopes with printed stamps that show Latin letters. They mean that regular letters (letter A) and registered letters (D) do not require stamps if their weight does not exceed 20 grams.

The address must be written legibly.

The recipient's address must be written in the lower right corner of the item. The sender's address is in the upper left.

The address indicates:

Full name of the recipient (in the format “Last Name First Name Patronymic”) or name of the organization (short or full)
Street name, house number, apartment number
Name of the locality
Name of district, region, region or republic
The name of the country
PO Box number, if available (in the format “PO Box 15”)
Postal code according to the example:

Stamps must be affixed to the upper right corner of the address side of the envelope, postcard, or package. If this corner is occupied, place the stamps a little lower.

Sometimes the stamp may be printed directly on the envelope or card.

The letter A applied to the envelope allows you to send a simple letter within Russia weighing up to 20 g without affixing additional stamps.

Printed on the envelope letter D allows you to send a registered letter within Russia weighing up to 20 g without affixing additional stamps.

Printed on a postcard letter B allows you to send this postcard throughout Russia without adding additional stamps.

Having added stamps for the required amount, you can send postcards and envelopes with the letters A, B and D abroad.

They were two little children stuck in the bodies of grown ups.

In discussions of homemade envelopes, questions often arose about stamps and whether such envelopes were accepted at the post office. Therefore, we are doing an educational program on postal rates and rules. I will write about simple letters and postcards for Russian Post (that is, it works if you are sending from Russia). All this information is on the Russian Post website. If you are in some other country, then you can find the post office website of that country, where everything is also written.

Domestic simple letters = 11 rubles 80 kopecks

So, if you buy an envelope “within Russia”, then it usually has the letter A on it. It looks like this (letter A in the upper right corner):

The letter A equals cost of a letter in Russia = 11 rubles 80 kopecks.
If your envelope doesn’t have it, then you just need to stick stamps for this amount (it’s okay if you stick more, sometimes for good measure they put stamps for 12 rubles, but it’s just a shame to overpay).
If you are not a complete graphomaniac and write on regular paper, then your letter will weigh less than 20 grams. If your letter weighs more than 20 grams(together with the envelope), then for every next (full or incomplete) 20 grams you will have to pay an additional 1 ruble 25 kopecks. For example, on a letter weighing from 21 to 40 grams you need to stick stamps in the amount of 13 rubles 5 kopecks.
All post offices have scales. In some, there are scales right in the hall and you can weigh everything yourself, in some you will have to contact the postal worker at the window. You can weigh the letter at home if you have such an accurate scale.
If you label something incorrectly, the letter may be returned to you with a note about what is wrong.
Typically, stamps are placed in the upper right corner (above the recipient's address).

International simple letters = 20 rubles 40 kopecks or 23 rubles 10 kopecks

If you are sending a letter to some other country, then the rates are different. You have the choice of sending the letter by ground or airmail (honestly, I don't notice the time difference, but there is probably one).

The tariff for sending a simple letter abroad is 20 rubles 40 kopecks for ground and 23 rubles 10 kopecks for air This applies to letters weighing up to 20 grams.
Letters weighing from 21 to 100 grams cost 45.60 (ground) and 58.90 (air).
from 101 g to 250 g - 91.80 - 120.10
from 251 g to 500 g - 176.70 - 235.60
from 501 g to 1000 g - 307.10 - 426.10
from 1001 g to 2000 g - 535.20 - 834.00
(well, I guess no one sends two-kilogram letters, right?).

Now about the sizes. The mail rules include letter size limits: minimum: 110 x 220 mm or 114 x 162 mm; maximum: 229 x 324 mm. Within these dimensions, any envelopes are quite suitable. This applies to both domestic and international letters.

In a good way, you can only send letters in letters, that is, paper. But some cunning people put some other things there. Little things like a tea bag or a bauble are likely to get through the mail successfully. But it's all on your conscience.

How to write an address correctly

(all this is available along with sample pictures)
The most important thing in a letter is to write the recipient's address correctly. It is also advisable to write yours correctly, of course.
First you need to place the addresses on the envelope. Main rule:
The sender's address is written in the upper left corner.
The recipient's address is written in the lower right corner.
This way you will be understood even if your envelope does not have the words “to” and “from”. If you write in any other way, you may not be understood, even despite the “to” and “from”.

Now we write the address itself. There is also a rule here that for some reason no one follows. Namely this subsequence:

FULL NAME*
Street, house, flat
Locality
Area**
Republic, territory, region, autonomous district**
A country
Index

*if we are talking about simple letter or a postal card, then the full name is not important; such items are thrown into the mailbox and not handed over in person. You can use a nickname or just a name or nothing at all.
But if you send a letter "poste restante", then the full name becomes important and should be written down.
**these things may not be in the address, that’s okay.

If your envelope has special dots for an index (usually located in the lower left corner), then it is better write the recipient index correctly.

By the way, if you are given an address, but it does not have an index, the index can be found. For example, the post office website has a special form for this.
There we select “Search by service area”, enter the address and get the index.

IN international letters The same rules apply to the location of addresses on the envelope. The sequence in the address is also preserved, however, in some foreign addresses it is difficult to determine what the postcode is, what the house number is, what the street is, etc. So it is better to write the address as it was given to you. It’s better for a person to know where he lives.
The recipient's address should be written in Latin letters, or in the language of the country of destination. In this case, the destination country should also be written in Russian.
Index in international letters No need write in dots (in some countries the index will not fit into the dots at all; in some indexes there are also letters and other symbols).

Postcards and postcards

In addition to letters, you can also send postcards. Postcard - a postal item in the form of a written message on a special form, sent to open form.

Most often, people send single postcards - they have a picture on one side and empty space on the other (or have markings for addresses).
Some postal workers don't know that a single postcard is a postcard, but it is true. Postcrossers have long been waging war with postal workers, trying to explain to them the rules of their own organization. This is not always successful, unfortunately.
But the official response from Russian Post reads:
A postcard is a special type of postcard to be sent without an envelope. The front side of a postcard is usually completely occupied by some artistic image, and back side A postcard is intended for a written message and a postage stamp.

Some postcards have the letter B on the back (letter B in the upper right corner):

The letter B is equal to the cost of sending a postal card across Russia = 8 rubles 50 kopecks.
If your card does not have the letter B, you just need to stick stamps for this amount.

If you are sending a postcard abroad, then the rates are the same as for letters - 20.40 or 23.10.

There are size and weight limits for postcards:
Limit dimensions: minimum: 90 x 140 mm, maximum: 120 x 235 mm.
Weight limit: 20

Addresses are written in the same way as on letters.
The entire back surface of the postcard turns out to be divided into 4 parts: in the upper left part the sender's address, in the upper right - stamps, in the lower left - the text of the message, in the lower right - the recipient's address.

About brands

Standard and artistic stamps are suitable for postage.
Standard stamps now have Kremlins and little animals. They can be purchased at any post office.

Artistic stamps can be different and different. All sizes, shapes, with different patterns. Often art stamps are issued in honor of certain events, holidays, etc. Artistic stamps are also available in regular post offices, but it is better to look for them in large branches or special stores (in Moscow there is a good selection at the central post office, and a very huge one at). Artistic stamps can be sold individually or in blocks, sheets, couplings and other combinations that are more important to collectors.

The Publishing and Trade Center “Marka” is engaged in the issue of postage stamps for the Russian Post. On their website you can look at different brands and even order them, it seems.

Philatelic departments may sell different stamps - antique stamps, stamps from other countries, etc.
Only uncanceled stamps issued in Russia after 1998 are suitable for payment. Just in case, it is better to ask when purchasing whether the stamp can be used for payment.

By the way, about letters A and B. They are essentially marks and therefore can be used together with other brands.
For example, you have an envelope with the letter A (and we remember that it is equal to 11.80), and you need to send a letter abroad at a rate of 20.40. This means that you need next to the letter add stamps at 8.60:
11.80 + 8.60 = 20.40
Some postal workers may not know this either, but it is true.

If you have any other questions about sending postal items, then I think you can ask them in the comments and expand this post based on them.
Sorry if I don't explain it clearly.

I know almost nothing about other postal items - for example, parcels, parcels, etc. Perhaps someone encounters them often and can tell you about them if necessary.

It might be useful to read: