Class hour on the topic "April 1 - International Day of Birds. Birds are our friends." International Bird Day April 1 Bird Day Events

(International Bird Day), which is timed to coincide with the beginning of their return from their wintering grounds.

The purpose of the holiday is to preserve species diversity and abundance of birds.

As early as the beginning of the 20th century, on March 19, 1902, the International Convention for the Protection of Birds Useful in agriculture", which was signed by more than ten states. It entered into force on December 12, 1905. On October 18, 1950, the "International Convention for the Protection of Birds" was signed in Paris, replacing the previous document for most of the participating states.

Bird Day itself is associated with a children's holiday, arranged in 1894 by a teacher from the small American city of Oil City, Charles Babcock. He was supported by the Pittsburgh Telegraph Chronicle newspaper, which began to actively popularize the holiday. Moreover, the newspaper organized a special club-museum for the protection of birds for schoolchildren. Bird Day soon became widely celebrated as a national holiday in all states of the country.

The idea of holding the Day of Birds found support in Russia as well. In our country, the protection of birds was organized back in the days of Tsarist Russia, and by the beginning of the 20th century, several dozen organizations were already engaged in this business. Among them are the Ornithological Committee under the Russian Society for the Acclimatization of Animals and Plants, the Permanent Environmental Protection Commission under the Russian Geographical Society, the Russian Society for the Protection of Animals, founded in 1865. Children's organizations were also opened in the cities - the so-called May Unions for the study and protection of birds. They were created on the basis of schools and united children of nine or eleven years old, who wore an emblem on their headdresses - a flying swallow. In 1910 school teacher Peter Buzuk in the village of Khortytsya founded the first Society of Nature Conservators in the country, the symbol of which was a bird's nest.

Members of the society fed the birds and hung nests for them. After the revolution of 1917, the children's May Unions ceased to exist, but the idea of protecting birds was picked up by youth organizations. In the summer of 1924, the first and only All-Union Congress of Young Naturalists in the USSR was held, at which the teacher of the Central Biological Station Nikolai Dergunov proposed to re-establish the Day of Birds. Since 1926, this date has been celebrated in the USSR as an official holiday. In 1927, Bird Day was held in all districts of Moscow, about 5 thousand children took part in it. In 1928, the number of participants reached 65 thousand, they hung out more than 15 thousand birdhouses.

The annual Bird Day celebration was interrupted by the war, but in 1948 the movement revived. The holiday gained even greater scope, in 1953 5 million schoolchildren were attracted to participate in it. But by the 60-70s of the 20th century, the celebration of the Day of Birds again came to naught. The holiday was revived in 1999 - thanks to the Russian Bird Conservation Union, founded in 1993.

Ornithologists warn: if birds disappear, an ecological catastrophe will come, and its consequences for humans can be unpredictable. In their opinion, extermination will cause irreparable damage to biological diversity.

An indicator of the unfavorable situation with birds can be the number of species listed in the Red Books of various levels. Of the approximately 10 thousand species of birds of the world fauna, more than 1200 species, or every eighth species of birds on our planet, are included in the Red List of the International Union for Conservation of Nature. In the Red Book Russian Federation 123 bird species have been introduced. This means that every sixth bird species in Russia is under threat. The situation is even more alarming in regions with intense economic activity- so, 68 species of birds, or every third nesting species of the Moscow region, are listed in the Red Book of the Moscow Region. The number of species included in various Red Books and Red Lists - from regional to international - is constantly increasing.

The Russian Bird Conservation Union annually elects the "Bird of the Year". This title can be given to a species or a systematic group of birds, distributed over most of the territory of Russia, easily recognizable and in need of human attention and help. The "Bird of the Year" campaign helps to remind our compatriots about the problems of wildlife conservation.

The selected bird is in "its year" in the center of attention. There is a nationwide collection of data on its numbers and distribution, people are helping to solve its problems. The participants of the action promote the beauty of this bird and talk about the vulnerability of the living world with their creativity.

In 2016, the hoopoe was chosen as Bird of the Year. This is one of the brightest and most memorable birds in our country. Unusual contrasting color - dark and white stripes on the red plumage. On the head there is a magnificent crest - "Mohawk", which the bird then folds on the back of the head, then unfolds in all its splendor. The male and female are colored almost the same, only the females are slightly less bright, and they do not have a pinkish coating on the chest.

Depending on the geographical latitude, the bird can be sedentary, nomadic or migratory. In our country, hoopoe is a migratory bird. It usually appears at the end of April, and flies away for wintering at the end of summer or autumn. Hoopoe is common only in the southern regions of our country. The closer to the northern border of the range, the lower its abundance. In a number of constituent entities of the Russian Federation, the species is listed in the regional Red Books (for example, Lipetsk, Moscow, Tver, Kirov, Novosibirsk and Tomsk regions, the republics of Bashkortostan, Mari El, Tatarstan, Udmurtia).

Outside of Russia, hoopoes nest in Europe, Central, South and Southeast Asia, Africa and Madagascar.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources

It is not by chance that the spring date was chosen for the Day of Birds. At this time, birds return from their wintering grounds, begin to equip nests in order to produce offspring. Many of them are exhausted from the long flight and are in particular need of our help. And we are quite capable of providing it. Before the holiday, for a long time, caring adults, teachers and representatives of science gave lectures to children about the need for environmental protection measures.

The guys made birdhouses, feeders and placed them on trees. Such simple measures are very important for nature conservation. They teach children to take care of nature and love it, protect the environment, bring up mercy and compassion for all life on Earth. The annual Bird Day celebration was interrupted by the war, but in 1948 the movement revived. The holiday gained even greater scope, in 1953 5 million schoolchildren were attracted to participate in it. But by the 60s and 70s of the 20th century, the celebration of the Day of Birds again came to naught.

The holiday was revived in 1999 - thanks to the Russian Bird Conservation Union, founded in 1993. In the first year, only in Moscow, 500 people took part in the Day of Birds, they hung out more than 500 birdhouses. In 2000, the Moscow government joined the organization of the holiday, accepting Bird Day as a city-wide event. And today it is the most famous of the "bird" holidays in our country.

Every year, International Bird Day is celebrated on April 1st. On March 19, 1902, the signing of the "International Convention for the Protection of Birds Useful in Agriculture" took place. Russia joined this convention in 1927. However, even before that, people in our country celebrated the return of migratory birds. This event in the popular mind has always been associated with the beginning of spring. On this day, April 1, in the old days it was customary to bake lark dough and sing special songs-chants. Another old tradition international day birds is hanging birdhouses and other bird houses.

History pages

It was in Russia that people first began to attract birds to artificial nests. Even Russian peasants hung bark houses for starlings.

In St. Petersburg in 1900, the book "General Protection of Birds, Its Foundations and Implementation" was published, authored by Baron Hans von Berlepsch. this work became one of the first in the world devoted to the problems of bird protection. It should be noted that the Church actively promoted the protection of birds. She published various books on nature conservation.

In our country, the killing of useful birds and the destruction of nests has always been considered a crime. It was a serious sin to destroy a swallow's nest. The birds mentioned in the Bible were especially revered: the dove, the crossbill and the bullfinch. According to popular beliefs, many birds brought happiness. So, for example, it was believed that storks bring children. And here are the crows predator birds in Russia they were considered harmful and associated with evil spirits.

The Soviet Union in 1918 signed the "International Treaty on migratory birds". It must be said that this agreement is valid in our time.

On October 18, 1950, the International Convention for the Protection of Birds was signed in Paris. This convention was to replace the obsolete document of 1902. In that document, birds were divided into "useful" and "harmful". Almost all hawks were classified as harmful birds. And later, many of these species were completely lost, while others were listed in the Red Book.

It must be said that during the years of the revolution April 1 holiday "International Bird Day" was forgotten. Its revival began in 1924, thanks to the efforts of the Moscow young naturalists of the central biological station. And in 1925, the first official Bird Day in Soviet Russia was celebrated. This event has become significant enough. Young naturalists throughout the capital then hung a huge number of bird houses. Vladimir Mayakovsky also took an active part in this celebration. In 1928, this holiday was widely celebrated not only in Moscow, but also in other cities of our country. The magazines of those times actively urged the people to take part in the holiday.

Then the celebration of International Bird Day stopped for the duration of the war. But already in the late 40s, early 50s of the 20th century, he was again remembered.

In fact, such a holiday appeared even a little earlier and was established in America in 1894 as children's holiday. It originated in the small town of Oil City in Pennsylvania. The initiator of its creation was a local teacher Charles Babcock. The public and the press supported this initiative, so the holiday soon began to be celebrated throughout America. By the beginning of the last century, he penetrated into our country. In Russia, school May unions began to be created, which were specially created for the protection of animals and birds.

The meaning of the holiday April 1

Why is April 1, International Bird Day, so important to us? What should you think about this spring holiday?

Rare birds must be protected so that they do not disappear completely. Scientists estimate that approximately 100 bird species have disappeared worldwide since 1600. Almost all of them were represented by small populations living on sea islands. Many of these species could not fly and were not afraid of the man who exterminated them.

Unfortunately, the problem of extinction of birds exists today. Many species are now on the verge of extinction or under its threat.

Many states have laws and take part in international agreements regarding the protection of migratory birds. It should be noted that the greatest threat to birds is not even hunters, but human activities. For example, high-rise buildings such as television towers, skyscrapers and similar buildings are extremely dangerous obstacles for migratory birds.

Birds are often hit or run over by cars. A large number of sea birds dies due to oil spills in the seas.

Pollution is a very big threat environment. Pollutants are usually divided into natural and artificial. Natural pollutants are substances that are constantly present in nature. Artificial pollutants are various chemicals that are virtually non-existent in nature. They are harmful and even poisonous to animals and birds.

Residents of cities are quite indifferent to birds. Pigeons, sparrows, crows and tits predominate in the cities. We rarely pay attention to them, only occasionally feeding them. Unfortunately, very few people make bird feeders or bird houses today.

April 1, Bird Day, was a very useful initiative, but over time it turned into a boring formal event. In the early 70s, all this led to complete degeneration in our country. folk holidays associated with Birds Day.

The International Bird Day holiday was revived again only in 1994, and the Union for the Protection of Birds of Russia contributed to this. It is a nationwide non-profit public organization. Its employees strive to preserve species diversity, abundance and habitats. wild birds in our country. Currently, its branches are already operating in 60 regions of the Russian Federation.

This organization was founded on February 9, 1993. In 1995, she began publishing a newsletter called "The World of Birds".

Representatives of this organization conduct various actions to protect birds, arrange conferences and training seminars, and publish scientific papers and collections, newsletters and other specialized literature.

We congratulate all the inhabitants of our planet on this wonderful holiday on April 1, International Bird Day. Let's work together to take care of the world around us. And animals and birds, especially those that live in parallel with us in our cities and villages, need our help and care. Let's be kinder and more compassionate...

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International Bird Day is celebrated every year around the world. It appeared at the end of the 19th century in America. In just a few years, it began to spread very quickly throughout different countries. This holiday is considered the very first to appear in the so-called "ecological calendar". It began to be celebrated in Europe already in 1906.

International bird day in Russia. The beginning of the story

Having reached Russia, International Bird Day received great recognition. By that time, bird protection had already been organized here. At the beginning of the twentieth century, there were dozens of various committees dealing with this matter. In short, the patronage of wildlife flourished in Russia.

May unions and youth organizations

The study and protection of birds also attracted children. On the basis of schools, special May organizations were opened for this. Nine-eleven-year-old children united in squads. Their distinctive sign was headdresses with the image of a flying swallow.

Since 1910, a special society has also been created for nature lovers in the village of Khortytsya. Its participants fed the birds and hung birdhouses for them.

The May unions were closed immediately after the revolution. Nevertheless, youth organizations picked up their idea.

In 1924, at their All-Union Congress, it was proposed to re-establish the International Day of Birds. After 2 years, the holiday was already recognized as official. And a couple of years later, the number of participants in various events dedicated to this day was simply colossal! About 65 thousand children in Moscow alone hung birdhouses and fed the birds. Thus, every year the International Day of Birds was celebrated in Russia brighter and brighter. Its date falls on April 1st.

The holiday died and was reborn ...

Everything would be fine, but soon the war began. International Bird Day, of course, is no longer celebrated. This movement was able to revive only 3 years after the end of the war. The holiday was gaining more and more scope, but, alas! By the 1960s, bird sightings had again come to naught.

The final revival of the holiday occurred only in 1999. More than 500 birdhouses were hung in the capital. And the very next year, the Moscow government accepted the holiday as a citywide event, joining its organization.

Day of birds - the time of arrival of birds home

So, the history of the event is insanely rich. April 1 is International Bird Day. And the point is not only that many years ago at this time the Convention for the Protection of Birds was signed. Around this time, birds just arrive home from wintering.

Rooks are the first to arrive "in their native land".

Behind them - ducks, geese, cranes. After them - blackbirds, buntings, finches, etc.

So what to do on April 1st? International Bird Day involves hanging nesting boxes, eggnobs and other bird houses by caring people. At the same time, a person does not just help birds. He himself becomes much closer to nature. By the way, her awakening from hibernation is also celebrated on this day. In the old days, people specially baked and sang special “calls”.

Protecting birds from extinction

On this day, not only the meeting of spring takes place. The joy of the arrival of birds is also not the only reason why many different events are held. People remember all the terrible mistakes of the past. As a result of the extermination of birds around the world, about a hundred varieties have already disappeared. For example, on the island of Mauritius in the Indian Ocean, in just a couple of hundred years, sailors and the animals they brought with them destroyed an entire population of dove-like flightless dodo.

Another serious threat is environmental pollution. Of course, this is also the fault of a person who has brought birds to the brink of extinction not only with their uncontrolled hunting, but also with the use of pesticides, the unsafe transformation of natural habitats.

Today, the threat of existence also faces various swamps and forests. But for some species of birds, these are the only habitats. For example, bittern, shepherd or wren live only in swamps.

Of course, the attack of man on birds cannot be stopped. However, it is possible to slow it down. This is what International Bird Day calls for. Activities are held in a variety of ways. The goal of many of them is to achieve an increase in the areas of protected areas, especially those inhabited by species listed in the Red Book.

Anyone can help

A variety of activities and activities are also organized for children. International Bird Day for grade 4, for example, can be organized very brightly and interestingly. Most importantly, kids will learn to love nature, the world around them, helping birds. Since the birds return by this time from wintering, and there are practically no parks and forests in modern cities, they simply have nowhere to live. Students elementary school they already understand that the chirping of our smaller winged brothers is heard less and less every spring. In order to watch them, to enjoy their singing, and not just to study them from a zoology textbook, you don’t need much. The guys just need to work together to make birdhouses, for example, in labor training lessons. It is very entertaining to make them as a team, and it is also very fun to hang them up.

Activities for children can be varied

It is not at all necessary to be limited to the resettlement of birds that have returned home from wintering places. International Bird Day for grade 4 may include a variety of excursions, competitions and quizzes.

Many cities, for example, organize special photo exhibitions. They have a huge variety of different types. Well, the guide will provide interesting information about each of them.

Often toddlers class teachers they are also taken to various master classes where you can get to know the birds and the folk traditions associated with them.

In a word, on this day, the guys will be able to learn about which birds need houses for raising chicks; how and where to hang birdhouses; learn to observe wildlife, comparing it in the city or outside it.

And on excursions you can also acquire a lot of knowledge. First, the kids will be told about the most different birds living in their locality. Secondly, children will begin to slowly comprehend the laws of physics and understand the mysteries of flight. Thirdly, they will learn to distinguish bird voices. And, finally, they will understand how they can help the birds.

At the end of the holiday, children can be treated to traditional rich larks, or you can invite them to fashion a bird from salt dough. Another entertainment option is making origami-style birds. Or maybe just arrange a drawing contest on best bird. Round dances and songs, stories about ancient traditions and rituals... There are many ways to celebrate International Bird Day. The main thing is to have fun and use it!

The whole planet celebrates (International Bird Day) - an international ecological holiday. It originated in the USA in 1894. Soon, the holiday, which gained popularity thanks to the media, began to be massively held in all states, then came to Europe, and is currently being held as part of the UNESCO biological program "Man and the Biosphere" in many countries of the world.

The history of the development of Bird Day in Russia is interesting. Having reached our country in the 19th century, the idea of helping birds fell on fertile ground. Already at that time, protection of birds was organized in Tsarist Russia; by the beginning of the 20th century, several dozen organizations were already engaged in this business. Among them are the Ornithological Committee under the Russian Society for the Acclimatization of Animals and Plants, the Permanent Environmental Commission under the Russian Geographical Society, the Russian Society for the Protection of Animals, founded in 1865.

Children's organizations were also opened in the cities - the so-called May unions for the study and protection of birds. They were created on the basis of schools and united children of nine or eleven years old, who wore an emblem on their headdresses - a flying swallow. In 1910, a schoolteacher Pyotr Buzuk in the village of Khortytsya founded the country's first Society of Nature Conservators, the symbol of which was a bird's nest. Members of the society fed the birds and hung nests for them.

After the revolution of 1917, the children's May unions ceased to exist, but the idea of protecting birds was picked up by youth organizations. In the summer of 1924, the first and only All-Union Congress of Young Naturalists in the USSR was held, at which the teacher of the Central Biological Station Nikolai Dergunov proposed to re-establish the Day of Birds. Since 1926, this date has been celebrated in the USSR as an official holiday. In 1927, Bird Day was held in all districts of Moscow, about 5 thousand children took part in it. In 1928, the number of participants reached 65 thousand children, they hung out more than 15 thousand birdhouses.

The annual Bird Day celebration was interrupted by the war, but in 1948 the movement revived. The holiday gained even greater scope, in 1953 5 million schoolchildren were attracted to participate in it. But by the 60s and 70s of the 20th century, the celebration of the Day of Birds again came to naught.

The date of the holiday was not chosen by chance: just at this time, birds return from the warm regions. Adults and children on this day improve the habitats of waterfowl, hang out new feeders and birdhouses.

Recall that another very famous "bird" holiday is celebrated on the second weekend -.

Without birds, the planets will become numb,
Will cover the silence of the forest, fields,
Love will not knock on the heart
Without the gentle trill of the nightingale.

Congratulations to the whole world today
Happy holiday, bird day.
Flocks of birds take off into the sky,
They have no barriers and no boundaries.

Let the birds circle over the earth
Storks bring children
Let the sparrow, eagle, magpie
There will be a place among people.

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