How to get first graders interested in learning. How to interest a first grader in reading a methodological development on a topic. Approval and praise as motivation

Many parents often ask themselves the question: “How to arouse interest in learning in a child?”. But it would be more correct to ask yourself: “Why does the child not want to study?”. If a parent asks himself such a question, then a rather banal answer comes to mind - because of laziness. But in reality, everything is much more complicated. After all, unwillingness to learn, lack of interest in lessons can be provoked by the parents themselves, presenting unbearable demands to their child, for example, that he should study perfectly in all subjects.

So what to do?

First, take a look at yourself. What are your requirements for your child? Do they correspond to his age, abilities? It makes no sense to force a child to study for hours if he is still a junior high school student, and his leader is play activity. A child at this age is not able to sit still for a long time. Such a load, quite, can cause nervous strain. The time allotted for lessons should correspond to the age of the child - two hours a day with two small, ten-minute breaks for rest.

Parents are an example to students. Photo: AiF-Tula / Olga SVIRTSOVA

Secondly, if you demand that your child study only with excellent marks, each time criticizing him for a lower mark, then it is quite natural that the child will develop a negative attitude towards learning. It will be associated for him with fear of punishment and a negative attitude on your part towards him. But, in addition to this, the child also develops a fear of making a mistake, which will certainly happen, since he is in constant tension, and, in the end, attention is scattered, and the child is mistaken. This nurtures in him complexes, self-doubt, and since there is also a fear of disapproval from the parents, a lie appears (nothing was asked, I already did everything, etc.). To avoid this, encourage the child for good grades, for his efforts, and if he already received a bad grade, do not scold or criticize, but on the contrary, support, say that he tried and that next time he will definitely succeed.

All children are different, this must be remembered. Photo: AiF-Tula / Olga SVIRTSOVA

Thirdly, each child needs an individual approach to learning, it is necessary to take into account his temperament. By temperament we understand the type of nervous system that determines the speed and strength of the course of nervous processes. There are only four types of temperament - they are phlegmatic, sanguine, choleric and melancholic. For example, it is useless, if not harmful, to require a child with a phlegmatic temperament to quickly complete tasks, since his nervous system is inert and is not able to quickly "get involved" in any activity and dynamically perform it. Such a child should be given more time to complete the task and not rush it. But for a sanguine child, the fast pace of work is easy, but finishing the job to the end and not being distracted is a difficult task. Therefore, it is desirable to interest such a child in activities that concentrate attention, require careful execution, for example, these are designers, puzzles, needlework. It is also necessary to encourage the sanguine for his perseverance in completing tasks. A child with a choleric temperament may experience difficulties due to excess energy, restlessness, and inattention. First of all, you need to give an outlet to the accumulated energy, the ideal option is to practice outdoor sports. Needlework, modeling, drawing are also suitable for training attention. Cholerics are always in a hurry, explain to the child that the main thing is quality, not quantity. Special attention should be given to a child with a melancholic temperament. Such a child needs constant support from people close to him. The slightest failure plunges such a child into despondency. The task of parents is to teach the child to see mistakes as a positive experience, to praise him for his successes and be sure to tell him that you believe in his strength and that he will be able to cope with the task.

There is no need to demand the impossible from children. Photo: AiF / Sergey Ilnitsky

Fourth, be a role model for your child. It will be great if you tell him about your school years, about your successes, about performing at olympiads and competitions, about fun activities and competition between classes. Think about your favorite items, what you especially liked about them. Look through the school album together, tell about classmates with whom you sat at your desk, in a word, form a positive attitude towards school in your child. Do the same with the whole family Mind games which broaden the horizons and the desire to learn something new. Play “school” with your child, think about how you can help your child do homework in the form of a game, listen to his suggestions. Use various colored cards, pencils and felt-tip pens, magnets, constructors and various other items that will arouse the interest of the child and diversify boring math examples for him, texts and rules in the Russian language. So you will receive not only completed homework and a good grade, but also the desire of the child to start such an entertaining activity again next time.

The child should not be tired. Photo: AiF / Elena Volodina

Fifth, help the child, but do not do everything for him. If you do homework for a child, you will take away from him the opportunity to learn to think, develop independence and responsibility in himself. Your task, as a parent, is to respond to requests for help if the child is at a loss with one or another task, but help should be in the form of a given vector, tips so that the child can develop his thinking abilities, learn to solve the tasks assigned to him.

Summing up, we mention one more important detail- this is workplace for a child. It should be a comfortable table located in a place where good lighting, enough space and free from distracting objects and noises such as TV. In this case, you can also show creative ingenuity and stick multi-colored stickers with mathematical formulas, exception words on the shelves, on the wall. Well, if there are certificates and awards, then hang them nearby in frames so that, looking at them, the child will remember previous successes and strove for new ones, increasing self-confidence and self-worth.

The main thing that parents should remember is that the child needs your support. Show sincere interest in his success, be patient and attentive during school stage in a child's life. Take a closer look at yourself, are you too categorical and demanding, remember one wise saying of the classic of Russian literature N.V. Gogol: "In order to educate another, we must educate, first of all, ourselves." Good luck dear parents!

Any child from the moment of birth feels the need to develop, learn and master new skills. And the task of parents is to encourage this desire and not to slow down. Modern pace of life, development information technologies, as well as the requirements for children have changed so much that the baby is already studying from the cradle foreign languages learning to read and write. In a word, the child receives such a huge load of information that by the time he has to go to school, interest in learning as such is lost. And how to be? How can you help your child remain interested in learning, moreover, make learning a joy until the last school bell? Let's talk about it.

Get your sleigh ready in summer

To make it easier to adapt to learning, parents often take the child to preparatory courses for new knowledge or work with him on their own: they teach him to count, read, write, trying to put the maximum amount of information into him. This desire is quite understandable, because no one wants their child to fall behind in school. Now answer the question for yourself: “Does your child also show the same initiative? Or is he only doing it because mom and dad said the word “it’s necessary”? So that this desire does not disappear - use the elements of the game in the learning process, because your task is to interest the baby, to motivate. Your parental instruction in the style of “good studies is the key to a successful future” for a first grader is just a bunch of words. Such motivation is more relevant for high school students; at the age of 6-7 years, it does not yet matter.

The most important thing in the pre-school year is to keep the child interested in school, prepare him for a new life, new responsibilities, responsibility and respect for the school and teachers, to convey to the child what is most valuable in school years is the acquired knowledge.

Preventing Disappointment

Going to school, the child may not even know what awaits him there. Well, the parents did not consider it necessary to explain in advance what and how. And very in vain. Pay attention to this moment, dear moms and dads. Tell us how to behave in the classroom, how to behave in a team, what you need to listen to the teacher. It will be great if you introduce the kid to the school in advance, take him there, let him get to know his teacher. You should not show your child your experiences - it is enough for him and his own. If he sees that his mother is going through, then he may well think to himself that the school is not really such a safe place and it can be scary there. And while he will fight with fears, he will definitely not have time to study, and you will think that your child cannot learn the material.

All children are different: someone grabs information on the fly, someone needs a little time to learn it, and some need to be explained several times to understand the material. Of course, the teacher does not have the opportunity to focus on all students, she will focus on the majority, explaining the material. And herein lies another point for disappointment: the child may be upset because he did not understand something in the lesson, but he was ashamed to ask again. I myself was the same primary school so it was hard for me to do my homework. Therefore, we, parents, should pay attention to first-graders, check homework, be interested in how the day went, what new things he learned in the classroom. In no case do the tasks instead of the child, do not prompt him - let him try himself, and only if you see that the child really does not understand, help him figure it out.

Types of motivation for learning

About the first option I have already said above: this is study in order to gain knowledge and in the future the opportunity to get a good education, a prestigious job, and so on. Alas, for a child elementary school this option will not work. Motivation for the future is not yet clear for him, and therefore not interesting.

Second option thirst for knowledge or cognitive motivation. However, this approach does not always work either. The child comes to the aid of the Internet, all kinds of television programs with a cognitive bias, fiction, children's encyclopedias. And it is already difficult for a teacher to surprise students with something new than we say when we were at the age of our children. The child comes to school, knowing, albeit approximately, about dinosaurs, the structure of the solar system, the structure of man. This is where the task of the parents and the teacher is to help the child consolidate what they have already read or watched on TV, systematize the acquired knowledge, and also learn a lot of new, maybe not so interesting, but necessary in the future, material.

Third option- praise and support of relatives. Initially, the child shows a zeal for learning out of a desire to please mom and dad with their successes. Do not skimp on praise in this case, let your baby know that you are proud of his success! Thus, he will have an incentive to study further, learn something new and bring good grades. If a child gets a bad grade, don't rush to scold him for it. First you need to understand why it happened, maybe he did not understand the material, did not have time to complete the task. For example, I had terrible handwriting in elementary school - because of this, I often had a lower overall mark for the work done in my notebook. Learn to convey your comments to the child tactfully, trust that a compliment in the style of “you write like a chicken with a paw” will not add to the child’s desire to write even better and more diligently. But it’s also not worth praising just like that either - otherwise praise will lose its value for him.

Summarize

So, let's summarize everything written above. To interest a child in learning, he must have a motive. With high school students, everything is more or less clear: they already understand that school is a start for the future, the more successful it is, the more successful everything will turn out for him in adulthood. They are more independent and responsible in their actions. But what about the kids who are just starting their studies and really don’t even understand why they need to go to school?
For them, the motive is important: whether it is praise or a thirst for new knowledge, it doesn’t matter, the main thing is that the baby has it. However, motivation alone will not get you far. The child needs to know that he is not alone, that you are there and will always help. Therefore, from the very moment your child goes to school, show interest in his studies: control the first time quite carefully doing homework, preparing school uniform and backpack the next day. But, as I said above, do not do him a disservice and do not study for the child.

He must understand that doing homework is his responsibility. Just like, say, yours, take care of him. Convey to the child that it is very important for you what knowledge he has acquired by learning this or that lesson. Do not forget that after school, the baby must have a rest, at least 2 hours. If you have the opportunity - take a walk in the park, just along the street. Let him switch over and get a little distracted. Often children after school go to clubs, to additionally engage in sports sections. This is very cool, but do not forget that after the child still needs rest. A bad mood, a headache, and any other are not the best helpers in doing homework; in such cases, force the child to immediately sit down for lessons incorrectly. To make it easier for him to allocate time - put together a daily routine, so you will teach your child discipline and order.

In order for the child not to lose interest in learning, but, on the contrary, to strive for knowledge, be close to him. Attention, as well as understanding - this is the help that the child needs, which he needs. He must know that despite the failures, bad grades, the house is the place where he will be helped, where he will be listened to and supported.
Good luck and good grades!

My first class was 90% boys. And it was a real nightmare. I spent half a lesson on bringing the guys to their senses, seating them in their places, calming them down. After two months of work, I doubted whether teaching children was really my calling.

But then I looked at my problems from a different angle. I managed to overcome behavioral difficulties and get the boys interested in learning. Here are a few takeaways to help parents and educators in a similar situation.

Let the boys move more in the classroom

Sitting at desks has a stupefying effect on children. 15 minutes after the start of the lesson, they no longer understand anything. It has been verified that when boys move, they absorb information better. Therefore, try to stand the lesson in such a way that every 10-15 minutes of work at the table alternate with motor activity.

Give them more time to respond.

I got very angry when I asked a question and didn't get an immediate answer. I constantly thought: “Well, why are they preparing for lessons so badly?” But then it turned out that children need to be given a little more time to think - that's all. Now I do this: I warn that now I will ask questions so that the children concentrate. Then in a circle I ask a question to each of the boys, and then I give them some time to think. Literally half a minute. And then I ask for an answer.

It is easier for boys to receive tasks that are divided into several parts.

When you give them a big task, it's best to break it down into multiple steps. You will see that productivity will increase exponentially.

Let them be explorers

It is very important for boys to touch everything, carefully study the object with their hands. Therefore, if you periodically conduct scientific experiments in the classroom using beakers, measuring spoons, scales, the right decision on your part would be to allow the children to touch and examine each of the objects. Then they will not do it directly during the experiments. The same situation with objects for fine arts. If it is important for a child to twist something in his hands, give him a small elastic ball (like an expander). Let him squeeze it quietly while he listens to your explanations.

Do not pay attention to rudeness, this is a provocation!

Boys love to talk about rude things. "Poop" and "burps" are words that are present in the speech of every tomboy. Adults sometimes react very emotionally to them, and children ... enjoy our reaction and continue in the same spirit. The more calm your reaction, the less rude words you will hear from the boys later.

Boys should feel confident and strong in you.

Noise, hubbub, confusion in the classroom - do you know this? To stop the turmoil, the lesson should be started in a loud but calm voice (do not shout!). Then the children will quickly tune in to classes.

Many hope that at school children will easily perceive information, assimilate new material and get good grades for it. But often the teacher needs the help and support of parents in the matter of studying. After all, very often, in the absence of motivation and support from loved ones, the child loses interest in gaining knowledge.

Psychologists insist that in no case should children be forced to study, but it is also not worth not paying attention to unfinished homework and unsatisfactory grades. In such situations, it is advisable for parents to find out the reason for the lack of interest in school subjects and help the child find an incentive for education.

In the article you will find information on how to get your child interested in learning. Perhaps some methods of motivation will help your child regain the desire to learn.

1. It is worth instilling a child's love for knowledge almost from the cradle. Exactly at early age children begin to be interested in the structure of the world, to learn and explore the unknown. It is important not to miss this moment and support the baby in his learning.

If it is not possible to give the baby to such classes, then you should definitely study at home. In the future, this training will help the child to cope with school loads more easily.

3. Before working on homework, pay attention to what mood the child is in. If something is bothering him, find out the cause and try to eliminate it. The depressed state does not contribute to the assimilation of the material. Therefore, it is advisable to first take a walk, relax and unwind, and only then proceed to the lessons.

4. The child should be given only those loads with which he can cope. Do not force the little schoolboy to spend hours cramming lessons, it is better to break the training into breaks for play and rest. Do not demand to learn everything at once.

5. Bad grades, corrections in notebooks are not a reason to scold a child. Help him do the work on the mistakes and praise even small achievements. It is important for children to feel the support and understanding of their parents. What seems elementary to adults may require considerable effort from a small student.

Constant reproaches about poor grades often lead to insecurity and lies on the part of children. They are simply afraid, again they will not please their relatives.

6. Don't focus on failures. For example, if the child is just learning to write, emphasize beautiful, even letters, ignoring the failed ones. Show that he has something to strive for, he succeeds or succeeds next time. Praise for the efforts, aspiration, motivate with your love, joy for the success of the child.

However, praising a child can also be harmful. Do not bring to the appearance of inflated self-esteem, do not hang the label of the best genius in everything, otherwise it may soon play against him.

7. For older children, the method of motivation for the future is suitable. Explain that without certain knowledge one cannot achieve high results, one cannot become a successful, interesting and wealthy person.

8. Today's kids are hard to surprise. The countless number of educational TV shows, films, cartoons, books, access to the Internet complicates the ability of the teacher to draw the attention of schoolchildren to new topic. Here it is important to find little-known facts, to try to present the material in a new way.



9. Explain that it is not marks and praise of the teacher that are important, but success in the assimilation and understanding of knowledge. Take an interest in the topics covered, about what the child learned and learned interestingly at school today, perhaps something was not clear and should be finalized, sorted out at home. Teach children to work not for the marks in the diary, but for the result.

10. Very often, children try to be exactly like their parents. Share with your child your accomplishments during your school years. If you have preserved notebooks, records, photographs, scorecards or certificates, medals, be sure to show them. Tell us about your favorite and least favorite lessons, teachers, tell your funny school stories.

11. It happens that children lose interest in learning due to the fact that parents do their homework instead of them. They do not need to think and strain. Therefore, help when you are asked or when you see that the child cannot cope on his own. Ask suggestive questions, prompt, stimulate him to think and solve the tasks on his own.

12. Consider also the temperament of the child (phlegmatic, sanguine, choleric, melancholic). Having figured out what type of nervous system your child has, it will be easier to find an individual approach to mastering school knowledge.

13. Don't just rely on school. Develop your child on your own. Read interesting, informative books, look at encyclopedias, go to museums, theaters, and exhibitions. Spend more time together, have fun and usefully.

If children feel the love and support of their parents, they study with great pleasure, share their impressions and talk about the knowledge gained at school. Do not let the child's education take its course, help, guide. And remember, you should not force or vice versa, overpraise the child too much.

Prepared by Natalia Bilyk

At the end of the first grade, all students can read. In order for children not to lose reading fluency during the three summer months of vacation, not to lose interest in intellectual pursuits, parents must make sure that they have a list of literature for grade 1 for the summer.


How to get a first grader interested?

What needs to be done in order to instill an interest in literature?

In the preschool period, we would advise parents to read as much and as often as possible to their children. But now, when the child has mastered the letter, the approach should be somewhat different. After the first year of schooling, children can read all the books for grade 1 on their own! On the this stage The main task of parents is to give the child a “taste” of reading, to teach him to perceive it as a pleasure, and not as a duty, and even more so, not as a punishment.

How to achieve this?

Firstly, you need to take into account that books for children of 7 years old should correspond to their age, which means they should be bright, easy to understand and at the same time carry a “grain” of knowledge, that is, replenish the child’s vocabulary, expand his horizons. Secondly, focus on the child’s independent reading - in no case do not read aloud to him: change roles - before you read books to him, now he reads to you. At the same time, you will impartially evaluate the reading technique of your child.

Probably, some of the parents are concerned about the question: how many words per minute should a seven-year-old child read? In fact, you don’t need to stand with a stopwatch in your hands and calculate the number of words you read in 60 seconds. Take any books for children 7 years old and give the child the opportunity to choose the one that will interest him with the cover, illustrations. Do not show the baby that you want to check him - because of the excitement, he may read worse. Just ask him to read aloud, tell him that you also liked this book very much and now you can’t wait to find out what it is about.

What is good"?

You can rate “excellent” to your first grade graduate if his reading is fluent, there is no division of long words into syllables; punctuation marks are observed: at the end of the sentence, the voice goes down - the thought is finished, in place of commas - small pauses emphasizing the author's thought; interrogative and exclamatory sentences are read with appropriate intonation.

If, frankly, you were dissatisfied with the child’s reading technique, and this may well be, do not be upset: over the summer your child will learn to read very well, but only if the list of literature for the summer for grade 1 is not just rewritten, but adopted as a "guide to action".

But those parents who thought that the child’s reading technique is already excellent, that is, he reads fluently, should “support” achievements in the summer. You can see what literature for the summer for grade 1 is offered to children of this age category, choose some book with a lot of dialogues. Periodically invite the child to voice "roles". The kid will like this exercise, and the parents will solve an important educational problem: over the summer, the child will learn to read not only quickly, but also expressively, will comprehend the basics of “acting”.

It is very important to understand the capabilities of a child of this age: he seems to be already a schoolboy, but at the same time it is difficult for him to sit still for a long time, he does not like “difficulties”, if he is not at all interested, he quickly loses interest in the lesson. Its still like in kindergarten, attract bright pictures. Based on this, he should select books for 7 years that he will immediately like even visually, that is, the child will want to look at colorful illustrations, and then, accordingly, find out the plot.

Common Parenting Mistakes

The mistake of many parents is that they strive to quickly “complicate” the material for their children, so books for first graders seem irrelevant to them: they want their children to be significantly ahead of their peers. Sometimes you can hear how dads and moms proudly say that their seven-year-old child is already reading, for example, A.S. Pushkin's story "The Captain's Daughter" or something else from the program for high school. And now we have come to the most important thing: books for grade 1 are selected taking into account the fact that a small student can understand! Indeed, if a child has mastered the technique of reading, he will voice - only voice, but not understand - a text of any complexity: such reading will not give anything for the formation of the child's personality.

 

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