Presentation on the topic "non-ferrous metallurgy". Metallurgical complex of the Russian Federation. New concepts of the lesson: Metallurgical complex, Ferrous metallurgy, Non-ferrous metallurgy, Alloy metals, - presentation the foundation for the development of other industries

form an idea of the metallurgical complex;
learn to establish links between technical and economic features and factors of location of enterprises in the industry

Industry products -

foundation for the development of other industries.

Manufacture of iron and steel.

In terms of the production of ferrous metals, Russia ranks

4th place in the world.

Huge amounts of raw materials needed

iron ore

manganese ore

coking coal

Huge volumes of water needed

A large amount of waste

"dirty" production.

production concentration.

Very large volume of raw materials used

Large numbers

workers

A large number of

manufactured products

combination

production.

Converting plants

metallurgy

Enterprises

with electrometallurgical

production

There is no stage of iron smelting;

scrap metal can serve as raw material

or cast iron produced

at other enterprises

In electric furnaces without the use

coal, bypassing the stage of iron smelting,

smelt steel

IRON - most common chemical element

The share of iron in the earth's crust - 4%
Melting point - 1540˚С
Properties: plasticity, magnetism

IRON ALLOYS

CAST IRON STEEL

Fe+C Fe+C

(C from 2 to 6.5%) (C to 2%)

The location of metallurgical enterprises is affected by:

Raw material
fuel
Consumer
Water
Transport
Ecological

ENTERPRISE TYPE

Complete cycle plants

ACCOMMODATION FACTOR

1. Raw materials (near iron ore deposits or

at fuel sources)

2. Transport (between the areas of extraction of raw materials and fuel)

Converting metallurgy plants

CENTERS

Lipetsk, Serov, Nizhny Tagil, Magnitogorsk, Novotroitsk, Novokuznetsk, Cherepovets

1. Raw materials (from sources of secondary raw materials in large machine-building centers)

2. Consumer

Small metallurgy (rolled steel)

Raw materials (from sources of secondary raw materials)

Electrometallurgy

Moscow, Elektrostal, Nizhny Novgorod, Krasny Sulin, Taganrog, Volgograd,

Komsomolsk-on-Amur

Foundry shops of large machine-building plants

Energy

Stary Oskol

Kosogorsky

Iron and Steel Works

Novotulsky

Iron and Steel Works

We start the topic with a problem. during the lesson we solve the problem. Acquaintance with the branches of metallurgy: ferrous and non-ferrous. The composition and importance of the industry. Practical work: to determine the centers of metallurgical plants. Concepts - metallurgical plant, metallurgical base. Industry problems and development prospects.

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Metallurgical complex Set of enterprises for the extraction of ores and the manufacture of metals 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

The problem is waiting for your solution. To ensure the supply of oil and gas to Europe, more than 100 million tons of large-diameter steel pipes were laid in Russia, which form the basis of a unique pipeline system. Most of these pipes have been in operation since the 70s of the last century, when 2-3 million tons of large diameter pipes were purchased in Europe and Japan. The service life of these pipes is 30 years and is already coming to an end. We have to replace these pipes on the same scale. It is today that Russia has a chance to correct the paradoxical situation when the world's largest consumer of large-diameter pipes and at the same time one of the world's leaders in steel production does not have a modern pipe production. There was a need to build a plant for the production of large diameter pipes. Where is it more convenient and profitable for us to build it? 04/28/17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Aims and objectives of the lesson: To study the structure and significance of metallurgy. To get acquainted with the features of ferrous metallurgy. Give definitions of the concepts "combine", "metallurgical base". Describe the metallurgical bases Consider the problems of the industry. Propose a site for the construction of a plant for the production of pipes 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

METALLURGICAL COMPLEX FERROUS METALLURGY NON-FERROUS METALLURGY 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Industry value. Raw materials for mechanical engineering Structural materials Consumer goods 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

CHM GAS INDUSTRY NON-FERROUS METALLURGY COKE-CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CONSTRUCTION POWER INDUSTRY MINING INDUSTRY GAS FERROALLOYS RAW MATERIALS. LIME REFRACTORIES COKE ENERGY 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Production of the main types of iron and steel products (in million tons) products 1970 1980 1990 2009 Iron ore 66 92 107 73 cast iron 42 55 60 35 steel 64 84 90 44 Rolled products (pipes) 7 4 12 3 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Technological chain. 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna Iron ore mining Ore beneficiation (at mining and processing plants) Cast iron smelting (in blast furnaces) Steel smelting (in steel-smelting furnaces) Production of rolled products (sheets, rails, angles, pipes, etc.)

placement factors. The location of metallurgical enterprises is influenced by: Raw material Fuel Consumer Water Transport Environmental factors. A metallurgical plant is a water-intensive enterprise, therefore it is built near a large river, lake or pond. A metallurgical plant cannot work without a railway, because the flow of raw materials and fuel is very huge. Metallurgy is a "dirty" industry, so you cannot build several metallurgical plants in one city. It is impossible to exceed the "environmental ceiling", this will adversely affect the health of the population 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

04/28/17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna Types and centers of enterprises. Type of enterprise, its features Placement factors CENTERS Full-cycle plants, combines (iron-steel-rolled products) Raw materials and fuel account for 85-90% of all costs, of which 50% - for coke, 35-40% - for iron ore 1. Near iron ore deposits 2. At fuel sources 3. Between the areas of extraction of raw materials and fuel (for cargo flows) Steel-smelting and steel-rolling plants (convertible metallurgy) 1. At sources of secondary raw materials in large machine-building centers (on waste from machine-building plants and scrap metal) 2. At the consumer Small metallurgy (rolled steel) At sources of secondary raw materials Electrometallurgy ENERGY Work with the atlas. P.13, Determine the centers of steel plants.

Type of enterprise, its features Placement factors CENTERS Full-cycle plants, combines (iron-steel-rolled products) Raw materials and fuel account for 85-90% of all costs, of which 50% - for coke, 35-40% - for iron ore 1. Near iron ore deposits 2. At fuel sources 3. Between the areas of extraction of raw materials and fuel (for freight traffic) Lipetsk, Serov, Nizhny Tagil, Magnitogorsk, Novotroitsk Novokuznetsk (Kuznetsk Combine and West Siberian Plant) Cherepovets Steel-smelting and steel-rolling plants (converting metallurgy) 1. At sources of secondary raw materials in large machine-building centers (on the waste of machine-building plants and scrap metal) 2. At the consumer Moscow, Elektrostal, Nizhny Novgorod, Krasny Sulin, Taganrog, Volgograd Komsomolsk-on-Amur Small metallurgy (rolled steel) At sources secondary raw materials Foundry shops of large machine-building plants Electrometallurgy ENERGY Stary Oskol Types and centers of enterprises.

Iron and Steel Works. The plant is an enterprise that, in addition to metallurgical production, has production facilities in other industries related to the main technologically and economically 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Metallurgical bases A metallurgical base is a cluster of metallurgical plants that use a common ore and fuel base and produce the country's main metal 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Metallurgical bases Textbook, page 28, atlas, page 13 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Metallurgical bases. Base name Raw materials Fuel Large centers Central Ural Siberian Far Eastern KMA, ores of the Kola Peninsula Own deposits, KMA, From Kazakhstan Tashtagol, Temirtau, Korshunovskoe Taiga 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna Work with the atlas, p.

Metallurgical bases Name of the base Raw materials Fuel Large centers Central KMA, ores of the Kola Peninsula Donbass, Pechersk basin Kuzbass Cherepovets, Lipetsk, Stary Oskol, Tula Zpektrostal Uralskaya Own deposits, KMA, From Kazakhstan Kuzbass, from Kazakhstan Magnitogorsk, Novotroitsk, Nizhny Tagil, Chelyabinsk, Serov Sibirskaya Tashtagol, Temirtau, Korshunovskoye Kuzbass Novokuznetsk, Krasnoyarsk, Belovo Far Eastern Taiga Chulman Komsamolsk-on-Amur 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Industry problems. Metallurgical bases are the largest environmental polluters. They account for 20% of all industrial emissions into the atmosphere and wastewater. 04/28/17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Development prospects. 04/28/17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

The problem is waiting for your solution. To ensure the supply of oil and gas to Europe, more than 100 million tons of large-diameter steel pipes were laid in Russia, which form the basis of a unique pipeline system. Most of these pipes have been in operation since the 70s of the last century. The service life of these pipes is 30 years and is already coming to an end. We have to replace these pipes on the same scale. It is today that Russia has a chance to correct the paradoxical situation when the world's largest consumer of large-diameter pipes and at the same time one of the world's leaders in steel production does not have a modern pipe production. There was a need to build a plant for the production of large diameter pipes. Where is it more convenient and profitable for us to build it? 04/28/17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Non-ferrous metallurgy Types of production of non-ferrous metals: 1. Extraction of non-ferrous metal ores, as well as ore dressing. 2. Smelting of non-ferrous metals and alloys. Types of non-ferrous metals: 1. Heavy (these metals include zinc, copper, lead, tin, nickel). 2. Light (this group includes aluminum, titanium, magnesium). Placement factors 1. Natural-geological factor (proximity to resource bases). 2. Economic factor (proximity to sources of fuel and electricity). 04/28/17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Non-ferrous metallurgy Non-ferrous metallurgy produces metals that have the properties of heat resistance, electrical conductivity, etc. These metals are used in the space (titanium) and nuclear (uranium) industries, electrical engineering (copper, silver, gold), etc. Russia is rich in non-ferrous metal ores. Of the world reserves in Russia is: 11% of copper reserves; 12% of lead reserves; 16% zinc reserves; 21% cobalt reserves; 27% of tin reserves; 31% of nickel reserves. 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Geography of gold mining The main gold mining in Russia is carried out in Eastern Siberia and the Far East. 1st place - Magadan region (29 tons per year) 2nd place - Krasnoyarsk region (18 tons per year) 3rd place - Yakutia (13 tons per year) 4th place - Irkutsk region (12 tons per year) ) 28.04.17

04/28/17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Problems and prospects of non-ferrous metallurgy Depletion of copper and aluminum deposits Absence of large deposits of manganese, chromium, titanium High cost due to monopolies of giant plants. Prices are higher than world prices by 20-40%. Environmental problems. Metallurgy is a dirty industry. The use of new ore mining technologies that allow less pollution of the environment. Creation of automated mini-factories that operate on scrap metal, saving the country's natural resources Problems of perspective 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

Emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere by industries. % Industry sectors Emissions of harmful substances Industry as a whole 100% Power industry 29% Fuel industry 21% Ferrous metallurgy 15% Non-ferrous metallurgy 22% Chemistry and petrochemistry 3% Mechanical engineering 3% Timber industry 3% Other 4% 28.04.17 Bogutskaya Galina Sergeevna

1. Japan Russia Ukraine Germany Belgium, Luxembourg France South Korea Brazil Italy Turkey 11 Largest steel importers (million tons) Largest steel exporters (million tons) 1. China USA Germany Italy South Korea France 15 7. Belgium, Luxembourg Spain Taiwan Thailand nine

STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALLURGY Mining and processing of ore materials Mining and processing of non-metallic materials Production of pig iron Production of steel Production of rolled products Production of pipes Ferrous metallurgy Production of hardware Production of ferroalloys Production of refractory materials Production of coke Production of a number of types of chemical products Procurement and processing of scrap and waste of ferrous metals

FACTORS OF PLACEMENT OF FULL CYCLE ENTERPRISES Orientation to iron ore deposits Orientation to coking coal deposits Transport Water Consumer Ecological Ferrous metallurgy is characterized by:

Concentration of production - production of most of the metal in large enterprises Combined production - the combination of all stages of metallurgical production Ore mining Ore dressing Iron production Steel production Steel production

The Kursk Magnetic Anomaly (KMA) is the most powerful iron ore basin in the world. The largest region in the world in terms of iron reserves, in terms of explored reserves of rich ores (about 30 billion tons), is second only to the promising Bolivian El Mutun (about 40 billion tons). It is located within the Kursk, Belgorod and Oryol regions. At present, the boundaries of the strike of iron ore deposits of the KMA cover an area of over 160 thousand km², covering the territories of nine regions of the Center and South of the country. Prospective reserves of rich iron ores and ferruginous quartzites of the unique basin amount to billions of tons.

Lebedinskoye (Gubkinsky district of the Belgorod region) Mikhailovskoye (Zheleznogorsk district of the Kursk region) Stoilenskoye (Starooskolsky district of the Belgorod region) Korobkovskoye (Gubkinsky district of the Belgorod region) Yakovlevskoye (Yakovlevsky district of the Belgorod region) Bolshetroitskoye (Shebekinsky district of the Belgorod region) Pogrometskoye (Volokonovsky district of the Belgorod region) Novoyaltinskoye (Dmitrovsky district of the Oryol region)

slide 1

Metallurgical complex of Russia. Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy.» Made by the teacher of geography of the highest category of MOU secondary school No. 2 Vlasenko Olga Alexandrovna st. Pavlovskaya Krasnodar Territory

slide 2

Interindustry complexes Ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy in Russia Ferrous metallurgy 90% of the metals used in the economy are ferrous metals Non-ferrous metallurgy 10% of the metals used in the economy are non-ferrous non-ferrous metals. Ferrous metallurgy 90% of metals are ferrous metals. Non-ferrous metallurgy 10% of metals are non-ferrous metals.

slide 3

Contents Metallurgical bases of Russia Russia lost its leadership in metallurgy after the collapse of the USSR Technological chain of production of ferrous metals Types of enterprises in the ferrous metallurgy Industrial relations of the metallurgical bases of the country Non-ferrous metallurgy of Russia Technological chain of production of non-ferrous metals Location of metal smelting production Geography of gold mining in Russia Problems and prospects of non-ferrous metallurgy Emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere by industries

slide 4

Metallurgical bases of Russia Central base. Ural base. Siberian base. Far East base. Clusters of smelters that share a common ore or fuel base and produce a country's base metal are called a smelter base. There are three main bases in Russia and one emerging base - the Far East.

slide 5

Russia is the world leader in metallurgy in the past. Leadership is given to Japan and China. Full cycle plants prevail in Russia. These plants have a capacity of more than 3 million tons each. Total iron ore production - about 95 million tons Kursk magnetic anomaly - more than 50% Urals and the European North - 15-20% Gornaya Shoria in the Kemerovo region - 5% Khakassia and Irkutsk region - 10% In 1990, 60 million tons of pig iron were produced in Russia and 90 million tons of steel, and in 2004 50 million tons and 66 million tons, respectively.

slide 6

Technological chain of ferrous metals production 2. Ore beneficiation 1. Iron ore extraction. 3. Iron smelting 4. Steel smelting 5. Rolled products production

Slide 7

Types of enterprises in the iron and steel industry Full cycle plants. Steelmaking and steel mills. Small metallurgy. Homeless metallurgy. Ferroalloy production. Magnitogorsk, Chelyabinsk, Lipetsk, Cherepovets, Novokuznetsk, Novotroitsk. Komsomolsk-on-Amur, Orel All machine-building plants. Old Oskol. Nizhny Novgorod.

Slide 8

Production links of the metallurgical bases of the country Central base Ural base Siberian base Kola peninsula KMA Kazakhstan Ukraine Donbass Pechora basin Kuzbass Shoriya ore coal Kola peninsula KMA Shoriya

Slide 9

slide 10

Technological chain of production of non-ferrous metals Ore mining Ore beneficiation Smelting crude metal Smelting refined metal Rolled products Non-ferrous metals Examples Heavy Copper, zinc, lead, tin, nickel Light aluminum, titanium, magnesium Noble Gold, platinum, silver Rare earth Zirconium, selenium, germanium

slide 11

Location of non-ferrous metallurgy enterprises Copper Zinc Nickel Aluminum Urals (Karabash, Mednogorsk, Revda, Pyshma), Norilsk Chelyabinsk Orsk, Norilsk, Kola Peninsula (Monchegorsk, Zapolyarny, Nickel) Eastern Siberia (Bratsk, Krasnoyarsk)

Metallurgical complex. Ferrous metallurgy. Compiled by a geography teacher MOBU SOSH LGO p. Ruzhino Mazur E.V.

The purpose of the lesson : to form an idea of students about the metallurgical complex of Russia.

Tasks:

To acquaint students with the structure of the metallurgical complex of the country.

To form knowledge about metallurgical bases, types of metallurgical enterprises and factors of their location.

Continue the formation of the ability to characterize an object using atlas maps.

The composition of the complex

Metallurgical complex

Ferrous metallurgy

Non-ferrous metallurgy (10%)

Production of iron

and its alloys

Production of light metals ( Al, Ti, Mg)

Production of heavy metals ( Cu, Zn, Pb)

Production of noble metals ( Ag, Au)

Production of alloying metals ( W, Mo, Vn)

Metallurgical complex - a set of industries that produce a variety of metals.

Ferrous metallurgy production

Rolled products production

steel melting

Iron ore mining

Obog-

schenie

ores

Cast iron smelting

The basis of ferrous metallurgy

(full cycle plant)

Blast shop

steel shop

rolling shop

Ferrous metallurgy enterprises: 1. Full cycle metallurgical plants (combines) 2. Convertible metallurgical plants 3. Small metallurgical plants

Features of the metallurgical complex

1. Metallurgical plants of a full cycle placed at raw materials or at fuel or on streams of ore and fuel

2. Converting plants and small metallurgy plants they are oriented towards scrap metal (waste from machine-building plants), therefore they are located in large cities, focusing on the consumer.

3. Steel plant - this is a water-intensive enterprise, therefore it is built near a large river, lake or pond.

4. Metallurgy - "dirty" industry, so you can not build several metallurgical plants in one city.

5. Steel plant cannot work without the railway, because the flows of raw materials and fuel are very huge.

The accumulation of smelters that use a common ore or fuel base and produce the country's base metal is called metallurgical base. There are 3 main metallurgical bases in Russia: 1. Ural 2. Central 3. Siberian