Vertical takeoff moment. Vertical take-off aircraft. Vertical take-off and landing. Vertical Race of World Powers

The MiG-29 demonstrated the takeoff capabilities not only from a very short distance, but also vertically.

The possibilities shown by the plane seem so outrageous that an amateur video of the takeoff of the MiG-29 was published by all the leading Western media. Royal International Air Tattoo is the largest military aviation show in the world. It is held every year on the third weekend of July at RAF Fairford in Wiltshire, UK.

The aircraft was created to gain air superiority in the combat zone and at short distances from the front and is designed to combat enemy aircraft, cover troops and rear objects from air strikes, counter enemy air reconnaissance day and night, in simple and difficult weather conditions. In addition to destroying air targets at medium and short distances, including against the background of the earth, it can also hit mobile and stationary land and sea targets.

The vertical takeoff of the MiG-29 struck the Western media

At the military air show, spectators were captivated by the incredible vertical takeoff of a Russian-made MiG-29 fighter.

Amateur filming is published by the leading Western media, RIA Novosti notes. In particular, the Huffington Post writes that everything inside is compressed by how quickly the plane accelerates. Anyone who sees from afar may confuse an airplane with a rocket.

Royal International Air Tattoo is the largest military aviation show in the world. It is held every year on the third weekend of July at RAF Fairford in Wiltshire, UK.

The MiG-29 is a 4th generation multirole fighter, one of the best jet fighters in its class. The aircraft was created to gain air superiority in the combat zone and at short distances from the front and is designed to combat enemy aircraft, cover troops and rear objects from air strikes, counter enemy air reconnaissance day and night, in simple and difficult weather conditions.

In addition to destroying air targets at medium and short distances, including against the background of the earth, it can also hit mobile and stationary land and sea targets.

In NATO, the Mikoyan Design Bureau's single-seat multipurpose fighter was named Fulcrum - a fulcrum. Its maximum speed is at an altitude of 2,450 kilometers per hour, the flight duration is 2.5 hours. The plane carries more than two tons of rockets at seven points of suspension. For close combat, a 30mm rapid-fire cannon is hidden in the nose.

The fighter is in service with 27 countries and has participated in more than 10 armed conflicts. In 1998, Germany published a report on the superiority of the MiG-29 over the American F-16. The tests were carried out at a NATO training center in Sardinia. Joint flights established that when using a helmet-mounted target designation system and R-73 missiles, the Soviet fighter outperforms all Western counterparts.

The thrust-to-weight ratio of the MiG-29 is greater than 1, i.e. the total thrust of the engines is greater than the weight of the aircraft, so it can fly like that) Moreover, here it is without weapons, i.e. even easier.

P.S. graduated from the university on special. aircraft and helicopter construction, I work as a test engineer at an aircraft plant. There are many videos on the Internet showing the flight of our car - MIG-29UB (tail number 005).

A military aircraft accelerates in a matter of seconds, takes off from the runway and at one moment takes an absolutely perpendicular position in relation to the ground, rushes upward at a breakneck speed.

Amazing footage was distributed by many foreign media. Journalists were shocked by the capabilities of the Russian fighter jet, which seemed almost limitless.

The first fighters of the MiG model were developed back in the 50s of the twentieth century. Over several decades of work on improving the aircraft, the MiG-29 was designed, which took off for the first time on October 6, 1977.

Already 40 years ago, the MiG-29 multipurpose fighter amazed military experts with its capabilities and has not ceased to amaze with its capabilities for 40 years.

Sources: tvzvezda.ru, www.topnews.ru, www.rg.ru, pikabu.ru, novorossia.su

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The versatility and perfection of the design combines a unique aviation technique - vertical takeoff and landing aircraft. The best minds of Russia, England and the United States have created legendary models in a competitive struggle with many years of development and their further modernization. The increase in speed, flight altitude, carrying capacity, as well as combat performance is associated with constant improvement of the super-powerful jet engine. This is what made vertical take-off aircraft the main base unit of the air forces of the world powers.

First vertical

The very first experimentally created vertical take-off and landing technique in 1954 was the development of the Model 65 Air Test Vehicle. The designed structure consisted of available units from various aircraft - the fuselage and vertical tail were borrowed from the airframe, the wings - from the Cessna Model 140A aircraft, and the chassis - from the Bell Model 47 helicopter. Until now, modern designers are surprised how the combination of these separate elements could give such a result!

Bell was ready by the end of 1953. A month later, the first flight took place with hovering in the air, and six months later - its first free flight. But the modernization of the aircraft did not stop, for another year it was brought to the required performance by testing and testing in the air.

Reactive, but not very

The engines located on the sides of the fuselage rotated 90 degrees downward, thus creating lift and thrust for flight. The turbocharger carried out intensive feeding directly to the air nozzles themselves at the ends of the wing and tail. This ensured the control of the entire aircraft structure in hovering mode, while maintaining this capability even when driving at low speed.

But soon, according to the test results, the Bell company refused to further work with this project. The first vertical takeoff aircraft had such a thrust that it barely exceeded its own take-off weight, although it was excessive for horizontal movement.

With such characteristics, it was difficult for the pilot to keep the speed within acceptable values \u200b\u200bwithout exceeding the maximum horizontal flight speed limit. Therefore, the focus of attention of the Americans shifted to other developments.

The only Yak-141 in the world

In 1992, specially invited accredited journalists were surprised by the interest of leading Western airlines in this technique. The specialists noticed the features of the aircraft, which went beyond the standard concepts of a combat aircraft. It became obvious that for many years of research, which were carried out in parallel in several countries, the Soviet aircraft will deservedly receive the palm.

It was the Yak-141, the only supersonic vertical takeoff aircraft in the world at that time. It was distinguished by a wide range of combat missions, high speed and unique maneuverability, for which it immediately received worldwide recognition.

Americans and Europeans began their development in this direction in the 60s. At the exhibition in 1961 in Farnborough, only an English company was able to present a worthy result. The future main British Air Force, the Harrier vertical take-off fighter, was not only the most interesting, but also the most protected exhibit.

The British did not admit anyone, not even their allies, the Americans. The only one for whom an exception was made for special merits and contribution to the victory over Nazi Germany was the famous designer of Soviet fighters - A.S. Yakovlev. He was not only invited, but also introduced to the capabilities of this technique.

Vertical Race of World Powers

Development in the USSR at that time achieved some success, but still significantly inferior to the British. Experiments with the invented turbot gave the designers valuable experience; it became possible to install two turbojet engines on the plane. Their nozzles could rotate 90 degrees.

The tester V. Mukhin raised an aircraft called the Yak-36 into the sky. But it was not yet a full-fledged combat vehicle. At the demonstration performances, instead of rockets, special models were hung. After all, the plane was not yet ready for real weapons.

In 1967, the Central Committee of the CPSU set the task of creating a light aircraft with vertical takeoff in front of the Yakovlev design team. The updated model, called the Yak-38, caused a skeptical reaction even from A. Tupolev. But already in 1974, the first 4 aircraft were prepared.

After the clear superiority in the skies of the British Harrier bombers in the war for the Falkland Islands, it became obvious for the Soviet government to improve its Yak-38. Therefore, in 1978, the Minaviaprom commission approved a project for the Yakovlev design bureau - the creation of an updated Yak-141 vertical takeoff fighter.

A unique engine equipped with a perfect control system was created in Russia specifically for a vertical takeoff aircraft. For the first time in the world, a solution was found for an afterburner rotary nozzle - something that not only Soviet, but also foreign aircraft designers worked on for a decade. This made it possible to complete the cycle of ground tests for the Yak-141 and send it for takeoff. From the first tests, he confirmed his best flight characteristics.

It was one of the most secret aviation projects; it took the Western intelligence services 11 years just to find out what it looked like. The Yak-141 multipurpose carrier-based aircraft, a 4th generation fighter, has set 12 world records. It was intended to gain air supremacy and provide cover for the location from the enemy. Its locator can hit both air and ground targets. The ability to develop a maximum speed of up to 1800 km / h. Combat load - 1000 kg. The combat range is 340 km. The maximum flight altitude is up to 15 km.

Gorbachev's politics

The further policy of cutting spending on the defense industry had its effect. To demonstrate a thaw in foreign economic relations, the government significantly adjusted the production volumes of aircraft carriers. Due to the lack of basing ships in connection with the withdrawal of aircraft carriers from the Russian fleet after 1987, the development of the Yak-141 ceased.

Despite this, the appearance of the Yak-141 was a significant step in aircraft design practice. Russian vertical take-off aircraft became indispensable equipment of the Air Force, and in further modernization of fighters, scientists largely relied on the results of many years of Yakovlev's work.

MiG-29 (Fulcrum)

Developed by the A. Mikoyan Design Bureau of the fourth generation, the MiG-29 combines the best characteristics for conducting air combat with missiles at medium and short range.

Initially, the MiG with vertical takeoff was designed to destroy all types of air targets in all weather conditions. Maintains its functionality even in the presence of interference. Equipped with highly efficient dual-circuit engines, it is capable of engaging ground targets as well. Designed in the early 70s, the first takeoff took place in 1977.

Simple enough to operate. Having entered service with the Air Force in 1982, the MiG-29 became the main fighter of the Russian Air Force. In addition, more than 25 countries of the world have purchased over a thousand aircraft.

American winged predator

Always meticulous about defense, the Americans have also succeeded in building powerful fighters.

Named for the bird of prey, the Harrier was designed as a versatile and light attack aircraft for air support for ground forces, combat and reconnaissance. Due to its excellent characteristics, it is also used in the Spanish and Italian Navy.

Hawker Siddeley Harrier, the first British vertical takeoff and landing in its class, was the prototype of the Anglo-American modification of the AV-8A Harrier in 1978. The joint work of the designers of the two countries improved it to a second-generation attack aircraft of the Harrier family.

In 1975, the McDonnell Douglas company came to replace England withdrew from the project due to the inability of the management to maintain the financial budget. The measures taken for the fundamental modification of the AV-8A Harrier made it possible to obtain the AV-8B fighter.

Advanced AV-8B

Building on technology from the legacy model, the AV-8B has done a lot in terms of quality upgrades. The cockpit was raised, the fuselage was redesigned, the wings were updated, adding one additional suspension point for each wing. Precision weapons are dropped directly when entering the launch zone, the probability of deviation can be up to 15 m.

The model was further improved in terms of aerodynamics and thus created the best aircraft with vertical takeoff in the United States. Equipping with the updated Pegasus engine made it possible to perform vertical takeoff and landing. The AV-8B entered service with the US infantry in early 1985.

Development did not stop, and in the later models AV-8B (NA) and AV-8B Harrier II Plus, equipment for night combat appeared. Further improvement made it one of the best representatives of the fifth generation vertical take-off aircraft - Harrier III.

Soviet designers worked hard on the task of a shortened takeoff. These achievements were acquired by the Americans for the F-35. Soviet blueprints played a major role in perfecting the multifunctional supersonic strike F-35. This vertical take-off fighter deservedly entered service with the British and American Navy in the future.

Boeing. Beyond the possible

Aerobatics and unique characteristics are now demonstrated not only by fighters, but also by passenger airliners. The Boeing 787 Dreamliner is a wide-body twin-engine jet passenger Boeing with vertical takeoff.

Boeing 787-9 is designed for 300 passengers with a flight range of 14,000 km. Weighing 250 tons, the pilot at Farnborough showed an amazing trick: he lifted a passenger plane and performed a vertical takeoff, which is only possible for a fighter. The best airlines immediately appreciated its merits, orders for its purchase began immediately to come from the leading countries of the world. According to the status at the beginning of 2016, 470 units were sold. The Boeing vertical takeoff has become a unique passenger creation.

Aircraft capabilities expand

Russian designers are successfully working on a civil project for the development of a vertical take-off and landing aircraft, which does not need takeoff sites. It can efficiently operate on various types of fuel, be based both on land and on water.

Has a wide range of applications:

provision of urgent medical care;
aerial reconnaissance;
rescue operations;
use by individuals for business purposes.

And for private purposes too

Potential users could be the Ministry of Emergency Situations and Rescue Services, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, Medical Services and ordinary commercial organizations.

New aircraft with vertical takeoff are capable of flying at altitudes up to 10 km, developing speeds of up to 800 km / h.

The capabilities of the new generation of this aircraft are designed to be used even in confined spaces: in the city, in the forest, if necessary, even in emergency situations.

The circle made by the propeller of such an aircraft is considered to be its bearing area. Lift is created by the rotation of the rotor, which uses air from above, directs it down. As a result, a reduced pressure is created above the square, and increased pressure under it.

Designed by analogy with a helicopter, in fact, being its more advanced and adapted model for different conditions, it is capable of vertical takeoff, landing, and hovering in one place.

Cold War recoil

Achievements of aircraft designers in this example have confirmed that high technologies and a vertical takeoff aircraft can be equally useful and in demand for both government and civil purposes.

During the Cold War era, the world's leading powers were keen on projects to create a combat aircraft that would not require traditional airfields. This was due to the easy vulnerability of such objects with deployed aircraft to the enemy. In addition, the expensive runway was not guaranteed to be protected. This period is considered the most important stage in the development of aircraft design activities.

For 30 years, Western and domestic strategists have been diligently modernizing the vertical take-off and landing aircraft, having achieved excellence in fifth-generation fighters. And the basic technologies taken into service make it possible to use long-term developments of the world's leading aircraft designers for civilian purposes.

Military air show Royal International Air Tattoo, which took place in Great Britain, promised to be spectacular and impressive, so a huge number of people wishing to watch it gathered. And the creators of the show kept their promise, because the audience was able to get a lot of vivid impressions. But most of all, the Russian MiG-29more precisely, its incredible take-off capabilities, and the vertical takeoff of the MiG-29 shocked Western journalists, all without exception. However, this is not at all surprising, because almost everyone who saw the vertical takeoff of the MiG-29 went into the sky like a rocket - this is how this incredible flight was characterized. From a distance it seemed that it was not a plane that was taking off from the ground, but a real rocket, so swift and strong was the start of the Russian aircraft.

Airplane MiG-29

Soon the extraordinary plane in the media will be described as follows:

world-class record holder in climb rate;
air transport capable of dialing speed 330 m / s;
aircraft, which turned out to be one and a half times faster than the English Electric Lightning interceptor, which was created by British engineers.

How was the MiG-29 created?

The history of the creation of the fighter began in the distant 60s of the last century, and now the MiG-29 occupies one of the leading positions in the rating of the most popular and modern aircraft in the world.

Before the design engineers who needed to create a model of a fighter, a clear goal was set - to introduce into production such a model that would surpass all analogues in maneuverability in the sky during close combat, and in addition to the main goal, the aircraft had to do the following:

cover the rear from an attack by an enemy air attack;
to conduct reconnaissance from the sky both day and night;
to carry out flights in any, even the most difficult weather conditions.

Over the years of its existence, production has been released about 1550 fighters, in operation of the Russian army, there are currently more than 250 pieces... Since many were interested in fighters, the aircraft of this line were added to the armament of both former Russian allies and the countries that are members of NATO.

the aircraft has unique characteristics that are not inherent in any other military vessel;
the fighter flies without any problems, choosing the largest angle of attack;
a special control limiter in the form of a lever helps the pilot to quickly change altitude, hit an enemy missile, go up or to the side.

At the end of the 60s of the last century, the first MiG-29 was created, no military aircraft could boast of such characteristics.

Of course, not everything went smoothly with the first model, for example, the fighter was very fast, but it lacked maneuverability and agility, and these characteristics are very important when conducting close air combat. To bring the model to the so-called perfection, the design engineers made various suggestions and adjustments, which ultimately helped to create a modern model that can go into the sky like a real rocket and shock everyone who can see an extraordinary sight.

Technical characteristics of a modern fighter

The modern Russian fighter MiG-29 has the following technical characteristics:

11.36 m - wingspan;
17.3 m - the length of the aircraft, taking into account the LDPE rod;
4.7 m - height;
10900 kg is the mass of an unloaded aircraft;
2450 km / h - maximum speed at altitude;
1500 km / h - maximum speed during takeoff;
19800 m / min - maximum rate of climb;
18000 m - practical ceiling.

The fighter is controlled by one pilot, the fighter is equipped with a 2xTRDDF RD-33 engine. Currently a fourth generation Soviet fighter replenishes the arsenal of the air forces of 27 states, the aircraft was noted in several military conflicts from a positive point of view. So, in the late 90s, the German government introduced the world press to a report that described the numerous superiorities of the MiG-29 over the fighter of American engineers F-16. They tested the technical characteristics of a Russian fighter in Sardinia, at a military training center owned by NATO. After receiving the test results, it was proved that the Soviet fighter was able to bypass all Western and American counterparts without much effort.

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