Which printing is better piezoelectric inkjet or thermal. Inkjet types: thermal inkjet and piezoelectric. Epson inkjet printer pretends to print, but there is absolutely nothing on the paper

In order for the smallest droplets of paint to mix, form millions of shades and get on the material, the design of a modern large-format printer works whole ink supply system, in which overpressure is created. Due to it, the paint is thrown onto the surface.

Until recently, all printers worked according to the same method, and pressure was created by heating the ink. This method is called thermal, and today it is applicable, as a rule, in office equipment for the office. It is rarely used on an industrial scale.

For large volumes of printing and high speeds, as well as an ideal stable result, regardless of the material, another method was created - mechanical or piezoelectric. It is powered by VitRex and Kincolor printers.

Together with the original technology of supplying ink to the nozzle in large-format printers, it is impossible to do without the main element - a special print head - the drop-on demand system ("continuous flow"). The symbiosis of these two parts gives excellent printing results on all materials, increases printing speed and allows you to work with different inks.

The print head works in the following way: it contains a microcrystal that changes its shape under the influence of electricity, thereby creating pressure on the ink board. During this time, ink drops are pushed into the print head nozzles.

Epson, Konica Minolta, Spectra and XAAR printheads are compatible with wide format "continuous flow" systems. By the way, the very method of piezoelectric ink supply was developed by Epson, mainly for its devices. The next generation printheads are now used in other printers.

Micro piezo from Epson

So, to implement this method a multilayer piezo element is used, its thickness only 20 micrometers, but it has great advantages:

the pressure is high, which allows the paint to be supplied quickly and continuously;
always works without failures;
ensures durability of the print head and economy of ink consumption;
supports high printing speed;
makes it possible to print with an extension of 1440-2880 DPI.

Using the piezo method has a direct impact on print quality and printer performance.

Three ingredients for success

It is worth noting that not only does piezoelectric printhead technology work to achieve unrivaled print quality, droplet size and a system such as active meniscus control are also very important.

What is Meniscus Control? Thanks to it, only one main drop falls on the material at a time. The meniscus carries out a return movement and draws in satellite droplets, which inevitably form after the main one. Thermal inkjet printheads do not have such technology, and accordingly, the print quality is not so high, and most importantly, splashes may occur.

Piezoelectric pressure technology, together with active meniscus control, results in:

the drop does not change or violate the trajectory, hitting "right on target", in a certain area on the material;
the drop remains of the correct shape - in the form of a sphere, which means that the point on the material will be of the correct shape;
Ink mist does not appear on the media.

All this makes the image as clear as possible.

Also, the shape of the nozzles in the print head affects the formation of a point on the material and the parameters of the drop. Here, the thermal print head also differs from the piezoelectric print head not in better side... In the first case (thermal inkjet printing), the shape of the nozzles has no straight edges. Rather, they can be called ragged. Whereas in piezoelectric printing, the shape of the nozzles is even.

Plus, the size of the nozzles is also important. Small nozzles are more likely to fail because the ink dries there faster and the nozzles become clogged.

How is the size of the nozzle and the process of droplet formation related? As you know, the image will have best quality if the printing process used variable droplet size technology or microdroplets, the size of which does not exceed or even less than 40 picoliters.

In order to bring these parameters even a little closer and, accordingly, improve the print quality, a standard method is often used in thermal inkjet printers - the size of the nozzle diameter is reduced. As a rule, in most models it is 4-5 microns. If you look at the nozzles of the thermal inkjet print head and the piezoelectric one, you can see with the naked eye that the nozzles of the second one are much larger, since their diameter is 25 microns. This is where the meniscus control already mentioned above comes into play, so the drop that is extracted from such a "large" nozzle may be even smaller in size than the drop from the scanty nozzles of the thermo-jet head.

Temperature and droplet size

And the last point, which is also important for print quality, is the effect of temperature on the operation of the print head and the state of the ink.

The temperature of the ink is directly related to its consistency and affects the viscosity. And the size of the drops depends on it, in turn. When the print head is operating, the temperature of the medium rises, thereby reducing the viscosity of the ink and increasing the size of the ejected droplets. If the temperature in the head falls below a certain rate, then the viscosity of the ink increases, and the drop size, on the contrary, decreases.

What conclusion can be drawn from this? The temperature of the environment during the operation of the print head must be monitored. This will ensure consistent ink consistency and a consistent target droplet size, which means nozzles will fire smoothly.

When working with a piezoelectric print head, the environment around it heats up slightly, in contrast to the thermal inkjet one. Of course, in both devices, the temperature at turn-on and after continuous work within a few hours will be different.

In Epson printheads, temperature changes are monitored, since the design has a built-in sensor, depending on this, taking into account the temperature regime, the voltage supplied to the piezo element changes.

We invite you to familiarize yourself with our range of large format printers by following the link:

What kind of technology?

Photo printers have replaced conventional inkjet models almost everywhere. This is quite natural and is a consequence of technical progress, because all modern A4 inkjet photo printers easily perform the function of universal printing devices, easily coping with both printing text and working graphics, as well as printing photographs, with a quality that is not inferior to those of a darkroom.

In order to understand how the numerous models of photo printers presented in stores differ from each other, and which one is more likely to satisfy your need for obtaining high-quality photographs, we will tell you about the principles of forming a print in such devices.

Currently, there are two fundamentally different types of home photo printers produced: inkjet and sublimation.

Inkjet photo printing

The first inkjet printer was introduced in 1984 and we owe it American company Hewlett-Packard. The printing technology of such printers is hidden in the name: the image on the paper is formed by jets of ink that are ejected from the print head. By the way, it was inkjet printers that made multicolor printing available, since black ink could be replaced or supplemented with inks of other colors. There are three inkjet technologies: Epson and Brother use piezoelectric technology, Canon uses bubble technology, Lexmark and Hewlett-Packard uses thermal inkjet technology. Each technology has its own flavor, but in principle they are all extremely close, and the differences boil down to how the ejection of ink drops from the nozzles onto the paper is organized.

Piezoelectric printing technology

Piezoelectric technology is based on the property of piezo crystals to deform when an electric current is applied to them. Piezo crystals act as mini-pumps that eject a strictly defined amount of ink onto the paper. Among the advantages of this system is the ability to flexibly control the droplet size, which is carried out at the electrical level, which makes it easier to obtain prints from high resolution... It is believed that the reliability of such a system is significantly higher than that of all other inkjet printing systems. back side advantages - the relatively high cost of the print head, so it is usually installed in the printer, and not part of a replacement cartridge. Unfortunately, the piezoelectric head is very afraid of air or fake ink getting into the nozzles. In both cases, you can get clogged nozzles with the subsequent replacement of the head, the price of which can be comparable to the price of the printer itself. In addition, to keep the nozzles in working order, you must periodically print at least something on such a printer, otherwise the remaining ink can also clog the nozzles.

However, the new generation of Epson branded inks allows you to forget about this drawback. Epson DURAbrite pigment ink of a new generation has also appeared, in which microscopic homogeneous coloring particles are located in a liquid polymer. This ink practically does not blur on any paper, which allows to increase the print resolution and has high light and moisture resistant properties.

Piezoelectric print quality is extremely high: even inexpensive universal models can produce prints of almost photographic quality in high resolution. Another advantage of Epson printers is the natural color reproduction, which is especially critical when printing photos. The only "but": all these advantages are realized only when using branded inks, and workshops for forgeries on Russian market great amount. There is only one way out - to buy ink exclusively from large firms that are official dealers of the manufacturer. Do not forget that a broken printer with a "left" cartridge is automatically removed from the warranty.

Thermo inkjet technology print

Thermal inkjet technology, which, incidentally, was also used in the world's first serial inkjet printer HP ThinkJet, differs in that ink is heated for printing: in this case, part of the ink heats up, and part, due to excess pressure, is ejected through the nozzle. The heating and cooling process is repeated several thousand times within one second, the heating temperature is up to 600 ° C, and the time of the heat pulse itself does not exceed two millionths of a second. All current HP models feature PhotoREt proprietary hardware and software technology, which is responsible for the most realistic color reproduction and high speed color printing.

The quality of thermal inkjet printing is very close to the quality of piezoelectric printing, moreover, the technology for manufacturing the printhead is close to the technology for producing microcircuits, so the heads are cheaper than piezoelectric ones and, as a rule, are built into a replaceable ink cartridge. Naturally, such a cartridge is somewhat more expensive than just a sealed container with ink, however, a "non-original" cartridge will no longer be able to completely disable the printer.

Bubble printing technology

Canon's bubble technology is a special case of thermal inkjet printing, in which ink is emitted exclusively by the formed gas bubbles that occur when the ink is heated, while the heating element is located on the side of the nozzle, and not behind it, as in classic thermal inkjet printers. Canon has invested a lot of money in the development of a proprietary print head using FINE (Full-photolithography Inkjet Nozzle Engineering) technology, which means “photolithography ink nozzle production”: it provides not only high-quality, but also high-speed color photo printing.

The FINE print head uses a micro-nozzle system: millions of microscopic ink droplets of constant volume are applied to the paper every second with the highest precision. Unlike traditional inkjet technology, printing more ink per page in less time allows for high speed to print photos "to the edge" (without borders) up to A4 size.

Sublimation Printing

A common disadvantage of all inkjet photo printers, caused by technological reasons, is the lane print, which manifests itself in different models to varying degrees. In the best case, it is invisible or barely noticeable, but if some of the nozzles are clogged or the printer's mechanics are malfunctioning, the print becomes divided into unattractive horizontal stripes. Sublimation printers belonging to the class of thermal printing devices are completely free from this drawback.

Technology sublimation printing comes from the Latin word sublimare ("to exalt") and represents the transition of a substance when heated from a solid state to a gaseous state, bypassing the liquid state.

The principle of operation of a sublimation printer is as follows: when a print job arrives, the printer heats up the film with the dye applied to it, as a result of which the dye evaporates from the film and is applied to special paper. As a result of the same heating, the pores of the paper open and the dye is clearly fixed on the print, after which the paper surface becomes smooth and glossy again. Printing is carried out in several passes, since the three main dyes must be transferred to the paper in the correct combinations: magenta, cyan and yellow.

Since pixelation and banding due to the printing technology itself is completely absent in this case, sublimation printers operating with a seemingly modest resolution of 300x300 dpi are capable of producing photos that are not inferior in quality to prints of inkjet models with a much higher resolution. The main disadvantages of sublimation models are their high cost. Supplies and the lack of household models working with A4 sheets.

Conclusion

Which printer to choose is, of course, up to you. For our part, we can suggest that a self-respecting inkjet photo printer works with a resolution of at least 4800x1200 dpi, and a sublimation one - at least 300x300 dpi. Consumables for inkjet photo printers are cheaper than sublimation ones, but the latter allow you to get a print of much higher quality than inkjet printers. All modern sublimation photo printers for home printing are still compact models, and can not boast of printing A4 photos, which the vast majority of inkjet photo printers are aimed at. Otherwise, both are good.

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Some of the discoveries or inventions that have long since become commonplace, over time are overgrown with various beautiful myths and legends.
One such story tells the story of an employee of a small research laboratory owned by a large computer firm. After a sleepless night spent working on a whimsical new design for some kind of electronic gizmo, this employee inadvertently put a soldering iron next to a syringe filled with rosin (I would like to attribute that there was ink in it, but this is not so). Naturally, the workwear was damaged as a result, but most importantly, the idea of thermal inkjet printing came up. A white robe with a stain went to dry cleaning, and inkjet technology, thanks to the efforts of Canon, Hewlett-Packard, Epson, Lexmark and other companies, came to offices and homes, striking in its affordability and colorfulness.

Why inkjet?

In the past few years, the computer industry has experienced a real ink boom. For many users, inkjet printers are the most affordable and versatile printing devices. The images obtained on them are in many cases superior in quality to typographic prints, and the maximum print speed has already come close to the performance indicators of younger models of laser printers. Comparable to hobbyist mini-lab photographs, full color photorealistic inkjet printing has become the trump card of inkjet printer manufacturers in the struggle to attract new customers.

In pursuit of the buyer and the envy of competitors, droplet size is constantly decreasing and new technologies are being developed to improve color rendering. The head is already spinning from new names and logos. Naturally, the most curious ones have a question: so unique are all the principles and ideas that each of the manufacturers is proud of?

In proud loneliness

For quite some time now, two camps have formed in this market sector. In one, Epson single-handedly rules the ball with piezoelectric technology, and in another, a whole alliance of adherents of "boiling ink" has gathered.

The piezoelectric printing method is based on the property of some crystalline substances to change their physical dimensions under the influence of an electric current. The most striking example is quartz resonators used in many electronic devices. This phenomenon was used to create a miniature pump, in which a change in voltage causes a small volume of ink to be compressed in a narrow capillary channel and instantly ejected through a nozzle.

The print head of a piezoelectric inkjet printer must have high reliability, since, due to its rather high cost, it is almost always built into the printer and does not change when a new ink cartridge is installed, as is the case with thermal inkjet printing. This design of the piezoelectric head has certain advantages, but at the same time there is a constant risk of damage to the printer due to an air bubble trapped in the ink supply system (which can occur when changing the cartridge) or normal downtime within a few weeks. This clogs the nozzles, degrades print quality, and requires expert service to restore normal operation, which is often impossible outside of a service center.

Without breaking away from the team

While Epson went its own way, periodically surprising the computer community with another breakthrough, the rest of the inkjet market players were equally successful in using a print head of a different design. Most of them consider their developments to be unique, although their essence is simple to the point, and the difference often lies only in the name.

So, Canon uses the term Bubble-Jet, which can be loosely translated as "bubble printing". The rest did not fence the garden and agreed with the more familiar phrase "thermal inkjet printing".

Thermal inkjet printers work like a geyser: inside a chamber with a limited volume of ink, thanks to a miniature heating element, a vapor bubble is formed, which instantly expands in volume, pushing a drop of dye onto the paper.

Using this technology, it is easy to obtain miniature printing elements located with high density, which promises developers a potential increase in resolution with a solid margin for the future. However, thermal inkjet printing also has a downside. Due to the constant temperature fluctuations, the print head gradually deteriorates and as a result, it must be replaced along with the ink cartridge.

More names - loud and different!

Bubbles are bubbles, and no one has been surprised with simple pictures for a long time. So you have to fight for every picoliter per drop, for every shade on paper. But there are actually not so many ways to improve the quality of the final image. The most obvious and affordable option was to increase the number of ink colors. To the four basic colors (black, blue, crimson and yellow), many manufacturers have added two more - light blue and light crimson. As a result, it became possible to reproduce lighter shades without reducing the density of the dots applied to the paper, which made it possible to make the raster structure of the image in the light areas, where it is especially well distinguishable, less noticeable. Canon calls this technology PhotoRealism, Hewlett-Packard calls PhotoREt, and Epson calls Photo Reproduction Quality.

But progress stimulated competitive struggle does not stand still. The next step towards the ideal was taken by reducing and dynamically changing the size of the ink drop, and with it the end point on paper. By controlling the amount of ink applied to the paper, you can achieve lighter shades without increasing the distance between the dots. This makes it possible to make the raster structure even less visible.

No additional tweaks or major changes technological process only Epson could achieve such an effect. The fact is that the principle of operation of the piezoelectric head allows you to control the droplet size by changing the value of the control voltage applied to the piezoelectric element. This technology is called Variable Dot Size. Well, adherents of bubble printing had to seriously work on changing the design of the nozzles. In each of them, several heating elements of different power were placed.

By turning them on one at a time or all at the same time, you can get drops of different sizes, as is the case in modern thermal inkjet printers. Canon has christened its developments in this area Drop Modulation, and HP has already applied ready name with additional indexes - PhotoREt II and PhotoREt III. In addition to the ability to control the drop size, there is also the possibility of sequential application of several drops to the same point on the surface of a sheet of paper.

But the print quality depends not only on the technical perfection of the design of the printer itself, but also on other, no less significant factors.

Behind the jet front

With the increase in the resolution and print speed, it became clear that the pursuit of improving these characteristics in itself would not be able to give significant gains if it did not improve the image medium, that is, the paper. It would seem that what could be simpler than paper? But it was not there! Any "tricky" technologies will be powerless if you put plain office paper in the printer tray.

A beautiful A4 sheet, from the sight and smell of which any laser printer begins to hum with pleasure, turns out to be completely unprepared for streams of multi-colored ink spewing at it from hundreds of nozzles.

The surface of ordinary paper has a fibrous structure, which is due to the technology of its production. As a result, tiny droplets, strictly calculated in size, begin to spread over the surface in the most unpredictable way. In this case, it does not matter at all what kind of printing is used - thermal or piezoelectric. One of the solutions to this problem is the use of pigment ink, which is a suspension of dispersed particles in a colorless liquid carrier, since solid particles cannot penetrate into the inner layers and spread along the paper fibers.

Pigment-based ink allows you to obtain bright and rich shades, but they also have certain disadvantages, in particular, low resistance to external influences.

Inkjet technology is such that the best results can only be achieved using specialty paper. Photos on plain paper appear faded and less clear. Unlike regular coated paper, so-called photo paper has several special layers. The prints on it are practically indistinguishable from photographs obtained by printing using a chemical photo process.

Plain budget inkjet paper typically has a basis weight of 90-105 gsm, relatively thinner paper, and excellent whiteness. Due to the special processing of the front or both sides, such paper is more resistant to the whims of ink and prevents them from spreading and penetrating deep into the sheet.

Specialty photo paper with a glossy or matte surface usually has a density of up to 200 g / m2 and is a multi-layer product of modern technology. Each of the layers has specific functions.

The bottom layer is the backing that provides strength and rigidity to the document. The next layer acts as an optical reflector, giving the image brightness and whiteness. Next is the main bonding ceramic or plastic layer, constituting a plurality of vertical channels without long fibrous formations along the surface of the sheet and providing the necessary ink density at the printed point. A final, glossy or matte protective layer is applied to the absorbent, which gives the surface strength and protects it from external influences.

During the printing process, the ceramic particles absorb the ink, preventing it from spreading over the surface. As a result, the shape of the points and their orientation remain unchanged. In addition, there is no need to worry about accidental moisture ingress, as deep and vertical microcapillaries minimize the chance of spreading.

Special paper for inkjet printers has become a panacea for many ills, but, unfortunately, quite expensive. I would like to, of course, but ... And it’s worth spending money to compare "heaven" and "earth" at least once.

ComputerPress 11 "2001

There are two main printing technologies on the printing device market today: piezoelectric and thermal inkjet.

Piezoelectric printing technology is developed on the ability of piezo crystals to deform when exposed to electricity. Due to the use of this technology, it became possible to control the printing, namely: to monitor the size of the drop, the speed of its exit from the nozzles, as well as the thickness of the jet, etc. One of the advantages of such a system is that the droplet size can be controlled. This ability allows you to get better images.

To date, experts have proven that the reliability of such systems is much higher than other inkjet printing systems.

With this technology, the print quality is very high. Even the versatile and inexpensive models deliver the highest quality, high-definition images. Also, the most important advantage of a PU with a piezo system is its high color rendering, which allows the image to look bright and rich.

Epson technologies - time-tested quality

The printheads of EPSON inkjet printers are of high quality design, which actually explains their high price. If you use a piezoelectric printing system, then you are guaranteed reliable operation of the printing device, and the print head does not dry out or clog, due to the fact that it has minimal contact with air. The piezoelectric printing system was developed and implemented by EPSON, and only EPSON holds a patent for this system.

Thermal inkjet printing is used in printers Canon, HP, Brother. By heating the ink, it is transferred to the paper. By means of an electric current there is a proportional heating of liquid ink, which explains the name of this printing method - thermal inkjet. The rise in temperature reproduces the heating element, which is located inside the thermal structure. With a strong increase in temperature, most of the paint evaporates, the pressure quickly rises in the structure, and a small drop of paint comes out of the heat chamber through a precision nozzle. This process is repeated several times after one second.

The main disadvantage of the thermal inkjet method is that with such a printing technology, a sufficiently large amount of precipitation forms in the print head of the printer, which can eventually disable it. This scale also clogs the nozzles over time, which leads to a loss in the quality and print speed of the printer.

Also, devices that use thermal inkjet printing, due to constant temperature jumps, deteriorate the printheads, since it simply burns out under the influence of a huge temperature. This is the main disadvantage of such devices. The period of operation of the PG MFP Epson is absolutely identical to the service life of the device itself. This is made possible by the high quality materials from which the print head is designed. Customers who use thermal inkjet printing often have to change the printhead, as the high temperature will often burn it out, which will significantly increase financial costs. Printhead quality will also make a huge difference if users are using refillable cartridges.

It is very profitable to use an Epson inkjet printer in conjunction with refillable cartridges, as the quality of the printer's work increases and the cost of each printed image decreases.

The print head of EPSON printers is of great importance not only for the stable operation of the printer. The quality of the PG allows you to increase the quality of the print and its speed. Also, if the print head does not come into contact with air and dries up, the user will not have to change it, and therefore waste money. Devices that use the thermal jet principle of operation can overheat, and therefore the print head can overheat, which, if overheated, can simply burn out and get out of standing.

As shown by numerous checks and tests, in order to print as economically as possible and at the same time be bright and effective, engineers recommend using EPSON printers with CISS. EPSON devices work with the NPC system much longer and more efficiently than other PUs of the same price from other manufacturers.

Epson is a reliable manufacturer of quality products that will make your work easier and more productive.

What is the best printing technology? Thermal inkjet or piezoelectric inkjet? And what?

There are two main printing technologies in the inkjet market: piezoelectric and thermal inkjet.
The differences between these systems are in the way the ink drops are drawn onto the paper.
Piezoelectric technology was based on the ability of piezo crystals to deform when exposed to an electric current. Thanks to the use of this technology, full control of printing is carried out: the droplet size, jet thickness, the rate of droplet release onto the paper, etc. is determined. One of the many advantages of this system is the ability to control the droplet size, which allows you to obtain high-resolution prints.
It has been proven that the reliability of the piezoelectric system is significantly higher compared to other inkjet printing systems.
The print quality using piezoelectric technology is extremely high: even the versatile, low-cost models produce prints with near photographic quality and high resolution. Also, the advantage of printing devices with a piezoelectric system is the natural color reproduction, which becomes really important when printing photographs.

The printheads of EPSON inkjet printers have a high level of quality, which explains their high cost. With a piezoelectric printing system, reliable operation of the printing device is ensured, and the print head rarely fails and is installed on the printer, and is not part of the replacement cartridges.
The piezoelectric printing system was developed by EPSON and is patented and prohibited from other manufacturers. Therefore, the only printers that use this system print is EPSON.

Thermal inkjet printing technology is used in printers Canon, HP, Brother. The supply of ink to the paper is carried out by heating them. The heating temperature can be up to 600C. The quality of thermal inkjet printing is an order of magnitude lower than piezoelectric, due to the inability to control the printing process due to the explosive nature of the drop. As a result of such printing, satellites (droplets-satellites) are often formed, which interfere with obtaining high quality and clarity of prints, leading to distortion. This disadvantage cannot be avoided, since it is embedded in the technology itself.
Another disadvantage of the thermal jet method is the formation of scale in the print head of the printer, since ink is nothing more than a collection of chemicals dissolved in water. The resulting scale clogs the nozzles over time and significantly spoils the print quality: the printer begins to strip, the color rendering deteriorates, etc.
Due to constant temperature fluctuations in devices using thermal inkjet printing technology, the print head is gradually destroyed (it burns out under the influence of high temperature when the thermocouples overheat). This is the main disadvantage of such devices.
The lifespan of the print head of EPSON printers is the same as that of the device itself, thanks to the high quality of the PG workmanship. In contrast, thermal inkjet users will have to buy a new printhead and replace them each time, which not only reduces the printer's durability, but also significantly increases printing costs.
The quality of the print head is also important when using non-original consumables, in particular CISS.
Using CISS Epson allows the user to increase the volume of printing by 50%.
The print head of EPSON printers, as has been mentioned more than once in this article, is of high quality, due to which the increase in print volume does not negatively affect the operation of the printer, but on the contrary allows the user to get maximum savings without deteriorating print quality.
Read about these technologies on the internet and compare what is best for you. For example, this table: http://www.profiline-company.ru/about/info/struy/piezo/
Epsons have a separate print head, only ink cartridges are changed. It is cheaper, and CISS can be supplied (it will be very cheap printing), but if the ink in the head dries up, then it is easier to buy a new printer. In a thermal printhead, ink and printheads are in one bottle. If it dries up, it is enough to buy a new cartridge (although, expensive models also have split heads and cartridges).
Previously, I liked the piezoelectric technology better: the ink was more "imprinted" into the paper, which is why it smudged less. Now I do not know.
piezo is better. Brother uses it too. Its only advantage is that if there is no paint in the nozzles, the nozzles will not burn out. This can specifically happen if you do not observe the print - for example, the HP's head slows down a lot at the same time - and printing with the residual ink check disabled - it is simply necessary to turn it off on non-originals and CISS.
That is, if you do not look at the printer when printing, then it is better to take a piezo.
On the other hand, this can only happen with improper installation, after changing cartridges with the first printouts, or if you stop checking the ink level yourself.
And the cost of the head is tolerable (and it is also a consumable), within two thousand. With spare parts for a laser, it is not comparable at all.

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