Electric locomotive driver: the essence of his work on the railway. The profession of a machinist: the main pros and cons of choosing What a machinist should know

Machinist - the profession of the century XX . It has no ancient roots, philosophical or creative basis. But with the advent of the first train, the person who runs it has become indispensable.

Today, the specialty of a driver is understood as a professional capable of leading all types of railway equipment. It includes steam locomotives and diesel locomotives, electric locomotives and trams, and, of course, the metro, regardless of the type of transportation - goods or people.

The specifics of the profession of a machinist

The work of a machinist belongs to the category of male specialties. And it has a number of specific features.

1. Requires stamina, strength and excellent health. Those who work as managers by rail, know. This work depends on the general strength of the organism and the nervous system. After all, often the machinists have to work an irregular day. Start it early and finish late - on the principle of a whole shift. Here it is important to have good health to withstand loads and always be focused in the process of passing the path.

2. Depends on good technical knowledge . Modern trains and locomotives are an accumulation of a large number of automatic devices, each of which the driver must understand perfectly in order to prevent errors in movement at high speed or an accident.

But the high requirements for drivers are offset by the privileges they receive from the state. Which, of course, encourages young people to master this particular profession!

Why does a job as a machinist open up good prospects for young people?

Russia is a railway country. Today, the train or metro are the most economical and popular modes of transport, allowing people to travel distances between cities and directly to them. Therefore, the profession of a machinist in recent years is “on horseback”. In order to attract young people to this segment of the labor market, the state has developed a whole social package with a lot of alluring prospects.

So, for example, every average machinist, upon reaching the length of service, has the opportunity to retire 5 years earlier. average salary the train driver is 50,000 rubles and more. And for metro workers, where working conditions are considered the most difficult and dynamic, the salary is estimated at around 100,000 rubles. The state also stimulates the choice of this position by issuing mortgages on very favorable terms.

Where are they trained as a machinist, and how to prepare for entering this profession?

Before you become a qualified machinist you have to train. And then an internship as a junior assistant. And only then the experienced specialist is entrusted with responsible and very important work. They get the education of a driver in a college or technical school with a degree in technical operation of rolling stock of railways. Further training depends on the place of work. For example, metro workers undergo additional practice with training on special simulators.


But no matter what direction the future machinist chooses, he simply must be well versed in physics and mathematical disciplines in order to successfully pass the entrance exams. And if you have the potential to perform such responsible work in the future, then today professional distance teachersTutoronline.ru will promptly and effectively prepare you in exact disciplines for admission to both secondary and higher educational institution. Operatively, accessible, in a mode convenient for you.

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train driver- a railway operator operating passenger and freight trains, electric trains of various messages and destinations. The driver drives the train by driving the locomotive. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in physics and labor and economy (see the choice of profession for interest in school subjects).

Features of the profession

Trains differ in the type of locomotive (diesel locomotive / electric locomotive), as well as in range and purpose of routes. For example, long-distance trains can carry goods and passengers for thousands of kilometers, while commuter trains do not leave the region and make several trips a day. There are railways and trains on major industrial enterprises(factories, mines, mines) - the routes of such trains are even shorter.

And each type of train requires special training from the driver.

The driver must drive the train exactly on schedule, observing traffic rules, semaphore signals, etc. The route of the train is practically unchanged. However, the situation on the road is constantly changing. It may depend on the weather, on the workload of the train, on other road users. For example, a truck stuck on the tracks requires an immediate response.

Moving at great speed is often associated with unexpected events. traffic situation, road signs, instrument readings in the cockpit - all this requires constant intense attention. Therefore, a long-distance driver always works with an assistant (an assistant driver, who can also become a driver over time). On steam locomotives, the brigade includes a stoker - he ensures the operation of the locomotive by throwing fuel. However, steam locomotives are a rarity these days. In some cases (for example, in the subway), the driver works alone.

Long-distance train routes are divided into sections. And the driver is usually an expert on one of the sections of the track. At one of the stations, one brigade of the locomotive is replaced by another and the train moves on. The old crew rests at the inn and takes their place again when it's time to drive the train back.

Drivers of local lines or the subway also need a good rest. For example, in the subway, drivers have special rest rooms where they can sleep after the shift and before the start of a new day, if, according to the duty schedule, the driver has to take the train to the line in the morning.

Workplace

Railways, subways, large factories, mines, etc. enterprises using railways for internal movement of goods.

Salary

Salary as of 04.12.2019

Russia 40000—120000 ₽

Moscow 80000—100000 ₽

Important qualities

Self-confidence, high sense of responsibility, quick reaction, ability to concentrate, good vision (including color vision), acute hearing. Diseases of the heart, blood vessels, central nervous system, bronchial asthma, disorders of the vestibular apparatus, problems of the musculoskeletal system that restrict movement are contraindicated in such work.

Knowledge and skills

It is necessary to be able to drive a locomotive, carry out small plumbing work, and use radio communications. Know the device of the locomotive, the rules of movement on railway.

Where to study as a train driver (education)

Initial Vocational Education (VET)

In one of the railway colleges you can get professions:

  • "Assistant locomotive driver";
  • "Assistant locomotive driver";
  • "Assistant locomotive driver"

Secondary vocational education (SVE)

In colleges and technical schools, you can get a specialty " Technical operation rolling stock of railways. Qualification "Technician".

On-the-job training

To work in the metro, you can get a job at a depot (on the metro line) and there you can train as a driver. First, locksmith practice is carried out, then the future driver studies the equipment of the electric train and learns to operate the train. In the Moscow metro, simulators are used to speed up the process.

train driver- a railway operator operating passenger and freight trains, electric trains of various messages and destinations. The driver drives the train by driving the locomotive. The profession is suitable for those who are interested in physics and labor and economy (see the choice of profession for interest in school subjects).

Features of the profession

Trains differ in the type of locomotive (diesel locomotive / electric locomotive), as well as in range and purpose of routes. For example, long-distance trains can carry goods and passengers for thousands of kilometers, while commuter trains do not leave the region and make several trips a day. Large industrial enterprises (factories, mines, mines) have their own railways and trains - the routes of such trains are even shorter.

And each type of train requires special training from the driver.

The driver must drive the train exactly on schedule, observing traffic rules, semaphore signals, etc. The route of the train is practically unchanged. However, the situation on the road is constantly changing. It may depend on the weather, on the workload of the train, on other road users. For example, a truck stuck on the tracks requires an immediate response.

Moving at great speed is often associated with unexpected events. Road conditions, road signs, instrument readings in the cab - all this requires constant intense attention. Therefore, a long-distance driver always works with an assistant (an assistant driver, who can also become a driver over time). On steam locomotives, the brigade includes a stoker - he ensures the operation of the locomotive by throwing fuel. However, steam locomotives are a rarity these days. In some cases (for example, in the subway), the driver works alone.

Long-distance train routes are divided into sections. And the driver is usually an expert on one of the sections of the track. At one of the stations, one brigade of the locomotive is replaced by another and the train moves on. The old crew rests at the inn and takes their place again when it's time to drive the train back.

Drivers of local lines or the subway also need a good rest. For example, in the subway, drivers have special rest rooms where they can sleep after the shift and before the start of a new day, if, according to the duty schedule, the driver has to take the train to the line in the morning.

Workplace

Railways, subways, large factories, mines, etc. enterprises using railways for internal movement of goods.

Salary

Salary as of 04.12.2019

Russia 40000—120000 ₽

Moscow 80000—100000 ₽

Important qualities

Self-confidence, high sense of responsibility, quick reaction, ability to concentrate, good vision (including color vision), acute hearing. Diseases of the heart, blood vessels, central nervous system, bronchial asthma, disorders of the vestibular apparatus, problems of the musculoskeletal system that restrict movement are contraindicated in such work.

Knowledge and skills

It is necessary to be able to drive a locomotive, carry out small plumbing work, and use radio communications. Know the structure of the locomotive, the rules of traffic on the railway.

Where to study as a train driver (education)

Initial Vocational Education (VET)

In one of the railway colleges you can get professions:

  • "Assistant locomotive driver";
  • "Assistant locomotive driver";
  • "Assistant locomotive driver"

Secondary vocational education (SVE)

In colleges and technical schools, you can get the specialty "Technical operation of the rolling stock of railways." Qualification "Technician".

On-the-job training

To work in the metro, you can get a job at a depot (on the metro line) and there you can train as a driver. First, locksmith practice is carried out, then the future driver studies the equipment of the electric train and learns to operate the train. In the Moscow metro, simulators are used to speed up the process.

The driver is a profession associated with driving a train on a railway. Drivers are people who operate all types of railway equipment: steam locomotives, diesel locomotives, electric locomotives in the metro, trams, regardless of whether they carry goods or passengers.

Responsibilities and Requirements

The work of a machinist often involves an irregular schedule and difficult working conditions, great physical and moral stress, but at the same time, the salary of a machinist is quite high compared to other working specialties. Almost all drivers are men.

Every day, before going to work, all drivers must undergo a medical examination, which checks parameters such as pressure, pulse rate, body temperature and, of course, a test for the absence of alcohol in the blood.

In addition to daily health checks, machinists undergo a complete examination every few years and upon admission to training in the profession.

Working in difficult conditions allows machinists to retire five years earlier (but this is only after reaching a certain length of service as a machinist or his assistant).

A distinctive feature of the work of the driver is the strictest requirement for compliance with the train schedule. For example, in the Moscow metro during peak hours, 10-15 seconds is already a very serious delay!

The control of the train, as a rule, is carried out by a team consisting of a driver and his assistant. But in modern trains, even one person can easily cope with their control, so often experienced drivers work alone.

Employment

The work of a driver is required wherever rolling stock is used. It can be a subway system or passenger rail lines. Do not forget that trains are used to transport not only people, but also goods. Often, machinists work at industrial enterprises, resource deposits and large construction projects.

How to become a machinist

To work as a train driver, you need to get a secondary professional education in the direction of "Technical operation of rolling stock". It is available in many technical schools and colleges. Also, the necessary qualifications can be obtained in courses directly at the future place of work, for example, in the Moscow Metro.

Progress is relentlessly moving forward, transforming everything around, and the railway is no exception. Over the past decade, quite a few new train models have been released that can work in semi-automatic mode. However, this did not change the fact that two people must manage the train: the driver and his assistant.

So, what is the profession of an assistant machinist? Is it hard to master? And what advantages and disadvantages does it have?

general information

The assistant driver of a diesel locomotive or electric locomotive is a position that is available in any railway brigade. Without the presence of this specialist, the train simply will not be released from the depot. Therefore, the assistant driver is an integral part of the work team.

However, not everyone can apply for this position. Which, in fact, is not surprising, because the duties of an assistant driver require the candidate to have certain personal qualities and professional skills.

What should be the driver's assistant?

First, let's look at what qualities this employee should have. After all, the specifics of this profession greatly limits the circle of potential candidates.

So, the main criteria for such a profession as an assistant driver are as follows:

  • A good memory in order to learn all the necessary information for the care of the train.
  • The severity of the reaction, because much depends on how quickly he notices changes in instrument readings or the approach of danger.
  • Responsibility, because the better he performs his work, the higher the safety of passengers and cargo.
  • Analytic mind. All operations will be associated with mechanized processes, which requires a certain view of things.
  • Long journeys and irregular shifts, taking place in constant pitching, affect health. Therefore, you need to have good endurance and stress resistance.

Where to get an education?

Assistant driver of an electric locomotive (diesel locomotive) is a profession that requires special education. Get it in a specialized technical school or college. You can find such an educational institution in many regional and regional centers of the country, while the selection conditions will be the same almost everywhere.

However, it should be noted that hundreds of applicants apply for this profession every year. Because of this, fierce competition arises, complicating the admission process.

Duties of an Assistant Driver

As mentioned earlier, the assistant driver should always give all the best and perform the duties entrusted to him with high quality. After all, not only the technical serviceability of the train mechanisms, but also the safety of passengers depends on this.

So, the main duties of the assistant driver:

  1. Checking all mechanisms and units of the locomotive before it is sent. If there are malfunctions or defects, he must rectify them himself or report possible problems railroad mechanic.
  2. During the movement of the train, the assistant must monitor the readings of the instruments, respond to the dispatcher's radio requests, and also observe the actions of the driver.
  3. If necessary (malfunctions, inability of the driver to perform his duties, emergency), he must take control of the train or stop it.
  4. At the end of the trip, the assistant checks the condition of the locomotive and, together with his immediate supervisor, drives it to sidings.

Advantages and disadvantages of the profession

The main advantage of this work is wage, the level of which can be assessed as "above average". Also here is career which encourages further work.

Among the minuses, first of all, it should be noted that these specialists have to spend a lot of time traveling, and this has a bad effect on their personal lives.

 

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