How to cook with a gas burner. How to properly use a gas burner. Gas welding consumables

This method of joining metal parts, like gas welding, has been around for more than a hundred years. Throughout this time this technology continues to be successfully improved, although other welding methods that use an electric arc are developing more actively and are replacing welding that uses a gas torch.

Pros and cons of gas welding

This method of joining metals, such as gas welding, involves the melting of the joined materials, resulting in the formation of a homogeneous structure. The combustion of gas, due to which the heating and melting of the metal is carried out, is ensured by introducing pure oxygen into the gas mixture. This method of joining metals has a number of advantages.

This welding method does not require the use of complex equipment(welding inverter or semi-automatic machine).
All expendable materials for the implementation of such welding is easy to purchase.
Gas welding (respectively, gas welding of pipes) can be performed even without a powerful source of energy and sometimes without special protective equipment.
The process of such welding lends itself well to regulation: you can set the required power of the burner flame, control the degree of heating of the metal.

At this method there are also disadvantages.

The metal heats up very slowly, in contrast to the use of an electric arc.
The heat zone that is formed by the gas burner is very wide.
It is very difficult to concentrate the heat generated by a gas burner, it is more dispersed compared to the electric arc method.
Gas welding can be attributed to rather expensive methods of joining metals, when compared with. The cost of the spent oxygen and acetylene significantly covers the price of electricity spent for welding the same type of parts.
When welding thick metal parts, the speed of the connection is significantly reduced. This is due to the fact that the heat concentration when using a gas burner is very low.
Gas welding is difficult to automate. Only the process of gas welding of thin-walled pipes or tanks, which is performed using a multi-flame torch, can be mechanized.

Gas welding consumables

Gas welding technology involves the use of various types of gases, the choice of which depends on a number of factors.

One of the gases used for welding is oxygen. This gas is characterized by the absence of color and smell, it acts as a catalyst, activating the melting processes of the material being joined or cut.

In order to store and transport oxygen, special cylinders are used in which it is kept under constant pressure. Upon contact with technical oil, oxygen can ignite, so the very possibility of such contact should be excluded. Cylinders containing oxygen must be stored indoors, protected from sources of heat and sunlight.

Welding oxygen is obtained by separating it from ordinary air, for which special devices are used. Depending on the degree of its purity, oxygen is of three types: the highest (99.5%), the first (99.2%) and the second (98.5%) grade.

For various manipulations with metals (welding and cutting), colorless gas acetylene C2H2 is also used. Under certain conditions (pressure exceeding 1.5 kg / cm2 and temperatures above 400 degrees), this gas can spontaneously explode. Acetylene is produced by the interaction of calcium carbide and water.

The advantage of using acetylene when welding metals is that its combustion temperature allows this process to be carried out without problems. Meanwhile, the use of cheaper gases (hydrogen, methane, propane, kerosene vapor) does not make it possible to obtain such a high combustion temperature.

Wire and flux for welding

For the implementation of welding of metals, except for gas, are also needed. It is through these materials that Weld, all its characteristics are formed. The wire used for welding must be clean, without signs of corrosion and paint on its surface. In some cases, a strip of the same metal that is being welded can be used as such a wire. In order to protect the weld pool from external factors, you need to use a special flux. As such a flux, boric acid and borax are often used, which are applied directly to the surface of the metal to be welded or to the wire used for welding. Without flux, gas can be performed, and when connecting parts made of aluminum, copper, magnesium and their alloys, such protection is necessary.

Gas welding equipment

Gas welding technology involves the use of certain equipment.

water lock

A water seal is necessary to ensure the protection of all elements of the equipment (acetylene generator, pipes) from the back draft of fire from the burner. Such a shutter, the water in which must be at a certain level, is placed between the gas burner and the acetylene generator.

Cylinder containing gas

Such cylinders are painted with different colors depending on what kind of gas is planned to be stored in them. Meanwhile, the upper part of the cylinder is not painted to prevent contact of the gas with the paint components. It should also be borne in mind that cylinders in which acetylene is stored should not be fitted with copper valves, as this can lead to an explosion of the gas.

Reducer

It is used to reduce the pressure of the gas leaving the cylinder. Reducers can be direct or reverse action, and for liquefied gas, models with fins are used, which prevent it from freezing out when it exits.

Special hoses

Gas welding cannot be performed without the use of special hoses, through which both gas and flammable liquids can be supplied. Such hoses are divided into three categories, marked 1) with a red stripe (operating at pressures up to 6 atmospheres), 2) a yellow stripe (for supplying flammable liquids), 3) a blue stripe (operating at pressures up to 20 atm).

Burner

The mixing of gases and their combustion is ensured through the use of a burner, which can be of the injection and non-injection type. Burners are also classified according to their power, which characterizes the amount of gas passed per unit of time. So, there are burners of large, medium, small and micro-low power.

Special table

Gas welding is carried out in a specially equipped place, which is called a post. In fact, such a place is a table, which can be with a swivel or fixed top. This table, equipped with exhaust ventilation and everything necessary for storing auxiliary tools, greatly facilitates the work of the welder.

Features of gas welding

Adjustment of the flame parameters is carried out using a reducer, which allows you to change the composition of the gas mixture. With the help of a reducer, it is possible to obtain a flame of three main types: reduction (used for welding almost all metals), oxidizing and with an increased amount of combustible gas. When welding metals in a molten pool, two processes occur simultaneously - oxidation and reduction. At the same time, when welding aluminum and magnesium, oxidative processes proceed more actively.

The welding seam itself and the area adjacent to it are characterized by different parameters. So, the metal section adjacent to the seam is characterized by minimal strength, it is he who is most prone to destruction. The metal adjacent to this zone has a structure with large grains.

To improve the quality of the seam and the area adjacent to it, additional heating or the so-called thermal forging of the metal is performed.

Welding technologies for various metals have their own nuances.

Gas is performed using any gas. As a filler material for welding such steels, a steel wire containing a small amount of carbon is used.
Welding methods are selected depending on their composition. So, stainless heat-resistant steels are welded using a wire containing chromium and nickel, and some grades require the use of a filler material that additionally contains molybdenum.
Cast iron is brewed with a carburizing flame that prevents the pyrolysis of the silicon and the formation of brittle white iron grains.
For welding copper it is necessary to use a flame of greater power. In addition, due to the increased fluidity of copper, parts from it are welded with a minimum gap. As a filler material, copper wire is used, as well as a flux, which contributes to the deoxidation of the weld metal.
At

How to cook with gas welding

Nowadays, for repair work in the field of shipbuilding, automotive, construction, gas welding is widely used. In the process of gas welding with a flame in an open burner, the base and filler material are melted. During gas welding, the metal is heated smoothly. Due to this, it has found wide application in welding non-ferrous metals, cast iron and steel.

The flame in the burner is maintained by the supply of combustible gases in the cylinder: propane, diacine, hydrogen, methane, acetylene, oxygen and others. When carrying out gas welding, safety precautions must be observed very carefully. Within a radius of a meter, there should be no flammable objects near you. It will not be superfluous to stock up on a container of water.

Gas welding is preferred because of its simplicity and mobility.

The process of gas welding is simple, so you can easily master the technique of heating and welding. The main thing for a welder is to master the work with a torch and a rod. This will ensure high-quality performance of gas welding works.

For those who conduct gas for the first time welding work, as a rule, there are many questions related to the technique, methodology and the gas welding process itself. A novice welder tries to choose the most optimal technique for himself, depending on the type of materials used in the welding process.
To skillfully approach the welding process, you can use the tips that will certainly help you.

Instructions for working with gas welding

First you need to select the equipment. Do not forget that in the process of welding you will have to work with a gas cylinder. Therefore, it is necessary to familiarize yourself well with the safety regulations.

Depending on the type of surface to be welded, a certain welding technique is selected.

Acetylene is the main component in the gas welding process. For welding, dissolved (in a cylinder) or gaseous acetylene is used. Acetylene cylinders are used for gas welding of any complexity, both at the domestic level and in high-tech welding. Acetylene can be called one of the highest quality flame sources. This is due to the fact that there is no need to use any oxidizing agent.

First, it is necessary to prepare a gas cylinder with which oxy-acetylene gas welding will be carried out, taking into account hard-to-reach places.
You will also need a burner with four tips. To practice welding skills, you must first use the smallest tip. Try to maintain pressure in all hoses of the machine. The pressure for oxygen and for acetylene must be different. It is necessary to ensure that the pressure indicators remain at the level: for oxygen no more than 0.3 MPa, for acetylene - at least 1 kPa.

In the process of gas welding, you can use an oxygen hose, which belongs to class III. It will ensure that oxygen is supplied to the gas cylinder at the optimal pressure, which is provided by the gas welding technique for small joints.

In order for the seam when welding surfaces to be of high quality and beautiful, use G3. Its use requires skill and more stringent safety requirements. In any case, you must wear a protective uniform - these are sealed trousers and a jacket. The head must be protected by a hat. The face must be completely covered using a special mask.

You can fully master the art of gas welding only after studying and completing special courses. This will help you choose the right gas welding torch. When performing gas welding work, it is necessary to correctly position the device relative to the surfaces to be welded, while observing the optimal angle. This is necessary for the formation of a beautiful and even seam. At the end of gas welding, to give the product an aesthetic appearance, it is necessary to carefully clean the scale.

http://www.stroy-db.ru

Gas welding is relatively simple, does not require complex, expensive equipment and a source of electricity.

The disadvantage of gas welding is the lower heating rate of the metal compared to the arc welding and the large zone of thermal effect on the metal. In gas welding, the heat concentration is less, and the warping of the parts to be welded is greater.

Due to the relatively slow heating of the metal by the flame and the low heat concentration, the productivity of gas welding decreases with an increase in the thickness of the metal being welded. For example, with a steel thickness of 1 mm, the gas welding speed is about 10 m / h, with a thickness of 10 mm - only 2 m / h. Therefore, gas welding of steel with a thickness of more than 6 mm is less productive than arc welding.

The cost of acetylene and oxygen is higher than the cost of electricity, so gas welding is more expensive than electric welding. The disadvantages of gas welding also include explosion and fire hazards in case of violation of the rules for handling calcium carbide, combustible gases and liquids, oxygen, compressed gas cylinders and acetylene generators. Gas welding is used in the following works: the manufacture and repair of steel products with a thickness of 1-3 mm; welding of vessels and tanks of small capacity, welding of cracks, welding of patches, etc.; repair cast products from cast iron, bronze, silumin; welding joints of pipes of small and medium diameters; production of products from aluminum and its alloys, copper, brass and lead; production of units of structures from thin-walled pipes; surfacing of brass on parts made of steel and cast iron; joining malleable and ductile iron using brass and bronze filler rods, low-temperature welding of cast iron.

Almost all metals used in engineering can be joined by gas welding. Cast iron, copper, brass, lead are easier to gas welding than arc welding.

GAS WELDING TECHNIQUE

Gas welding can be used for bottom, horizontal, vertical and ceiling seams. Ceiling joints are the most difficult to perform, since in this case the welder must support and distribute liquid metal over the joint using the pressure of the flame gases. Butt joints are most often performed by gas welding, less often corner and end joints. Gas welding is not recommended for lap and tee joints, as they require intense heating of the metal and are accompanied by increased warping of the product.

Flanged connections thin metal welded without filler wire. Intermittent and continuous seams are used, as well as single-layer and multi-layer seams. Before welding, the edges are thoroughly cleaned from traces of oil, paint, rust, scale, moisture and other contaminants.

In table. 10 shows the preparation of edges in gas welding of carbon steels with butt welds.

TORCH MOVEMENT DURING WELDING

The flame of the burner is directed to the metal being welded so that the edges of the metal are in the reduction zone, at a distance of 2-6 mm from the end of the core. It is impossible to touch the molten metal with the end of the core, as this will cause carburization of the bath metal. The end of the filler wire must also be in the reduction zone or immersed in the molten metal bath. In the place where the end of the flame core is directed, the liquid metal is slightly inflated by the pressure of the gases to the sides, forming a recess in the weld pool.

The rate of metal heating during gas welding can be adjusted by changing the angle of the mouthpiece to the metal surface. The larger this angle, the more heat is transferred from the flame to the metal and the faster it will heat up. When welding thick or well-conducting heat metal (for example, red copper), the angle of inclination of the mouthpiece a is taken more than when welding thin or low thermal conductivity. On fig. 86, a shows the angles of inclination of the mouthpiece recommended for left (see § 4 of this chapter) welding of steel of various thicknesses.

On fig. 86b shows the ways to move the mouthpiece along the seam. The main thing is to move the mouthpiece along the seam. Transverse and circular movements are auxiliary and serve to regulate the rate of heating and melting of the edges, and also contribute to the formation of the desired shape of the weld.

Method 4 (see Fig. 86, b) is used when welding thin metal, methods 2 and 3 - when welding metal of medium thickness. During welding, care must be taken to ensure that the pool metal is always protected from the surrounding air by the gases of the flame reduction zone. Therefore, method 1, in which the flame is periodically diverted to the side, is not recommended, since it can oxidize the metal with atmospheric oxygen.

BASIC METHODS OF GAS WELDING

Left welding (Fig. 87, a). This method is the most common. It is used for welding thin and low-melting metals. The burner is moved from right to left, and the filler wire is led ahead of the flame, which is directed to the unwelded section of the seam. On fig. 87, and below is a diagram of the movement of the mouthpiece and wire in the left welding method. Flame power during left welding is taken from 100 to 130 dm 3 acetylene per hour per 1 mm of metal (steel) thickness.

Right welding (Fig. 87, b). The burner is driven from left to right, the filler wire is moved after the burner. The flame is directed to the end of the wire and the welded section of the seam. Transverse oscillatory movements are not produced as often as with left welding. The mouthpiece makes slight transverse vibrations; when welding metal with a thickness of less than 8 mm, the mouthpiece is moved along the axis of the weld without transverse movements. The end of the wire is kept immersed in the weld pool and the liquid metal is mixed with it, which facilitates the removal of oxides and slags. Flame heat is dissipated to a lesser extent and is better utilized than in left hand welding. Therefore, in right-hand welding, the opening angle of the seam is made not 90 °, but 60-70 °, which reduces the amount of deposited metal, wire consumption and warpage of the product from shrinkage of the weld metal.

Right-hand welding is advisable to connect metal with a thickness of more than 3 mm, as well as metal of high thermal conductivity with cutting edges, such as red copper. The quality of the seam with the right welding is higher than with the left one, because the molten metal is better protected by the flame, which simultaneously anneals the weld metal and slows down its cooling. Due to the better use of heat, right-handed welding of thicker metal is more economical and productive than left-handed welding - the speed of right-handed welding is 10-20% higher, and gas savings are 10-15%.

Right-hand welding connects steel up to 6 mm thick without beveled edges, with full penetration, without welding with reverse side. Flame power during right welding is taken from 120 to 150 dm 3 acetylene per hour per 1 mm of metal (steel) thickness. The mouthpiece must be inclined to the metal to be welded at an angle of at least 40°.

For right-hand welding, it is recommended to use a filler wire with a diameter equal to half the thickness of the metal being welded. When welding on the left, a wire with a diameter of 1 mm larger is used than when welding on the right. Wire with a diameter of more than 6-8 mm is not used for gas welding.

Welding with a through roller (Fig. 88). Sheets are installed vertically with a gap equal to half the thickness of the sheet. The flame of the burner melts the edges, forming a round hole, the lower part of which is fused with filler metal to the entire thickness of the metal being welded. Then the flame is moved higher, melting the upper edge of the hole and applying the next layer of metal to the lower side of the hole, and so on until the entire seam is welded. The seam is obtained in the form of a through roller connecting the sheets to be welded. The weld metal is dense, without pores, shells and slag inclusions.

Bath welding. In this way, butt and corner joints of metal of small thickness (less than 3 mm) are welded with a filler wire. When a bath with a diameter of 4-5 mm is formed on the seam, the welder inserts the end of the wire into it and, having melted a small amount of it, moves the end of the wire into the dark, reducing part of the flame. At the same time, he makes a circular motion with the mouthpiece, moving it to the next section of the seam. The new bath should overlap the previous one by 1/3 of the diameter. To avoid oxidation, the end of the wire must be kept in the reduction zone of the flame, and the core of the flame must not be immersed in the bath in order to avoid carburization of the weld metal. Welded in this way (lightweight seams) thin sheets and pipes made of mild and low alloy steel give excellent quality joints.

Multilayer gas welding. This method of welding has a number of advantages compared to a single-layer one: a smaller metal heating zone is provided; annealing of underlying layers is achieved during surfacing of subsequent ones; it is possible to forge each layer of the seam before applying the next one. All this improves the quality of the weld metal. However, multi-layer welding is less productive and requires more gases than single-layer welding, so it is used only in the manufacture of critical products. Welding is carried out in short sections. When applying layers, care must be taken to ensure that the joints of the seams in different layers do not coincide. Before applying a new layer, it is necessary to carefully clean the surface of the previous one from scale and slag with a wire brush.

Welding with an oxidizing flame. This method welds mild steels. Welding is carried out with an oxidizing flame having the composition

To deoxidize the iron oxides formed in the weld pool, wires of the Sv-12GS, Sv-08G and Sv-08G2S grades according to GOST 2246-60 are used, containing increased amounts of manganese and silicon, which are deoxidizers. This method improves productivity by 10-15%.

Welding propane - butane-oxygen flame. Welding is carried out at an increased oxygen content in the mixture

in order to increase the temperature of the flame and increase the penetration and fluidity of the bath. To deoxidize the weld metal, wires Sv-12GS, Sv-08G, Sv-08G2S, as well as wire Sv-15GU (0.5-0.8% aluminum and 1-1.4% manganese) according to GOST are used.

The studies of A. I. Shashkov, Yu. I. Nekrasov and S. S. Vaksman established the possibility of using in this case a conventional low-carbon filler wire Sv-08 with a deoxidizing coating containing 50% ferromanganese and 50% ferrosilicon diluted on liquid glass. The weight of the coating (excluding the weight of liquid glass) is 2.8-3.5% of the weight of the wire. Coating thickness: 0.4-0.6 mm when using wire with a diameter of 3 mm and 0.5-0.8 mm with a diameter of 4 mm. Propane consumption 60-80 l / h per 1 mm of steel thickness, β = 3.5, the angle of inclination of the bar to the metal plane is 30-45 °, the angle of cutting the edges is 90 °, the distance from the core to the bar is 1.5-2 mm, to metal 6-8 mm. This method can weld steel up to 12 mm thick. The best results were obtained when welding steel with a thickness of 3-4 mm. Wire Sv-08 with the specified coating is a full-fledged substitute for more scarce grades of wire with manganese and silicon when welding with propane-butane.

Features of welding various seams. Horizontal seams are welded in the right way (Fig. 89, a). Sometimes welding is carried out from right to left, holding the end of the wire on top and the mouthpiece on the bottom of the tub. The weld pool is placed at a certain angle to the weld axis. This facilitates the formation of the seam, and the metal of the bath is kept from flowing.

Vertical and inclined seams are welded from bottom to top in the left way (Fig. 89, b). With a metal thickness of more than 5 mm, the seam is welded with a double roller.

When welding ceiling seams (Fig. 89, c), the edges are heated until melting (fogging) begins, and at this moment a filler wire is introduced into the bath, the end of which is quickly melted. The bath metal is kept from flowing down by the rod and the pressure of the flame gases, which reaches 100-120 gf/cm 2 . The rod is held at a slight angle to the metal to be welded. Welding is carried out in the right way. It is recommended to use multi-layer seams welded in several passes.

Welding of metal with a thickness of less than 3 mm with flanged edges without filler metal is carried out with spiral (Fig. 89, d) or zigzag (Fig. 89, e) movements of the mouthpiece.

Administration Overall rating of the article: Published: 2011.05.31

Gas welding is the joining of metals by the formation of weld pools when metal surfaces are heated with a high-temperature flame, which is formed during the combustion of a mixture of acetylene and oxygen, in this case oxygen is a catalyst that leads to instant ignition of acetylene and the formation of a welding jet.

In some cases, acetylene can be replaced by propane-butane, methane, gasoline vapors (jewelry industry and welding of precious metals), hydrogen obtained during the electrolysis of distilled water.

Combustible gas, together with oxygen, is supplied to the welding device and discharged through a calibrated nozzle, after which ignition occurs, the supply is adjusted using valves.

In this case, the flame consists of three components:

nucleus;
recovery;
torch.

The highest temperature is at the core of the flame, but welding is done by the part between the reduction and the core.

In addition, the impact of an open high-temperature flame on the welded surfaces protects the weld pool from interaction with air.

Thanks to high ability for cutting metals this species welding is also used for figured and high-precision cutting of metal sheets, the manufacture of parts and products.

Among the many technologies for metal processing, laser cutting stands out for its cost-effectiveness and efficiency. Read about laser cutting metal

Direct welding with an acetylene torch involves heating the welded edges, their melting and joining;
Surfacing, spraying.

This type of use of gas welding involves the use of a soft metal filler rod, which further saturates the weld pool at the melted edges.

The qualitative difference between the two methods lies in the consumption of the gas mixture, time and functionality.

In the first case, a larger gas flow is required, since the melting of two metal edges requires more temperature than heating a filler rod made of low-melting metals.

Cold welding of linoleum is a very effective and technologically advanced method of bonding linoleum coatings together. More

Welding with additives is much stronger and more aesthetically pleasing, takes less time for the same reason as less gas consumption.

The scope of this type of welding is extensive: welding of thin-walled pipes of technological pipelines, welding of technological products and machine parts, surfacing of a bar for spare parts and cast-iron parts, heating of forged fragments and forging.

Welding consists of the following elements: a propane tank (or any other combustible gas that is close to inert in its fluidity properties), an oxygen tank, which is a catalyst for ignition, and a flame cutter, which consists of a bronze tube, two propane control valves and oxygen, at the end of the tube there is a calibrated nozzle nozzle for spraying gas under pressure.

Ignition is carried out with a special silicon piezo lighter.

Pros:

the most important positive criterion is autonomy and no need for an alternating or direct current source. This fact makes extremely efficient use this type of welding at closed facilities, construction sites, remote sites where there is no constant and uninterrupted power source;
adjusting the distance of the welder from the surface of the welding metals and adjusting the temperature conditions allows you to avoid burn-through, even if thin-sheet metal plates are welded;
the equipment has a low weight, is very mobile for movement and transportation;
reliability and quality of work performed is the main positive characteristic this type of welding.

low productivity, slow high-precision work that requires;
high temperature, which has a large circumferential range;
expendable materials.

Precautions and rules for using a gas burner

Since the gas burner has a high temperature range of circumferential action, it is necessary to remember about the following rules TB:

all work must be done in leggings, which will protect the welder's palms from burns;
it is also undesirable to look at the core of the flame, since the temperature is above 1000 degrees and the light load adversely affects the cornea of the eye.

Very carefully: it is strictly forbidden to take flame cutting and open an oxygen cylinder with oily hands, since the interaction of industrial oil and oxygen causes instantaneous ignition of oxygen and an explosion in the enclosed space of the cylinder.

For more than 60 years, flame cutting and oxy-fuel welding have been the benchmark for quality and functionality in a wide range of industrial applications.

Convenience and availability, a combination of price and quality brought this type of welding on a par with

Independent, without the participation of professionals, but high-quality and fast assembly of metal structures during repair work, soldering seams, as well as cutting various metal products is possible with the help of a good welding machine for the home. Read about welding machines

Gas welding is preferred because of its simplicity and mobility.

Those who carry out gas welding for the first time, as a rule, have many questions related to the technique, methodology and the gas welding process itself. A novice welder tries to choose the most optimal technique for himself, depending on the type of materials used in the welding process. To skillfully approach the welding process, you can use the tips that will certainly help you.

Instructions for working with gas welding

Depending on the type of surface to be welded, a certain welding technique is selected.

First, it is necessary to prepare a gas cylinder with which oxy-acetylene gas welding will be carried out, taking into account hard-to-reach places. You will also need a burner with four tips. To practice welding skills, you must first use the smallest tip. Try to maintain pressure in all hoses of the machine. The pressure for oxygen and for acetylene must be different. It is necessary to ensure that the pressure indicators remain at the level: for oxygen no more than 0.3 MPa, for acetylene - at least 1 kPa.

Gas welding, how to cook with gas welding, gas welding for beginners, How to work with gas welding, how to cook with gas welding

www.stroy-db.ru

Gas welding - advantages and disadvantages

Welding first appeared in ancient Egypt. People learned how to weld iron simultaneously with other methods of processing various metals. Of course, the quality of welding of that time is very different from the quality of our days, but nevertheless, many palaces, temples and other structures are still based on the first structures made by welding.

No matter how paradoxical it may sound, at the beginning man discovered and improved electric welding. Already later, namely, in 1903, an apparatus for gas welding was invented in France. AT welding machine oxygen and acetylene were used. The design of the invented gas apparatus, in principle, is still used today, but it has been constantly improved. Improved and changed equipment, oxygen cylinders, gearboxes and other materials. Like electric arc and laser welding, as well as gas welding, there are some peculiarities in the technology of making seams. They must always be taken into account when choosing a particular type of work. Things like the balance of minimizing welding costs and weld quality are very important.

Consider the advantages of gas welding

Gas welding does not require expensive complex equipment, additional energy sources. In this way, metal can be welded even in an open open field or deep forest. In the third decade of the 20th century, all oil pipelines were welded by gas welding. These features allow welding in any premises, buildings and regions.

It is possible to weld metals with a wide variety of melting temperatures, widely varying the power of the gas welding flame. Materials such as brass, lead and cast iron are best welded by gas welding. If you choose the right brand of filler wire and flame power, you can get high-quality welds. Gas-acetylene welding is trusted even by the most critical areas. Welded surfaces heat up and cool down very slowly. You can easily change the temperature of the flame. When the angle of inclination to the surface to be welded changes, the temperature of the flame also changes. The quality and strength of the seams are usually higher than when using electric arc welding. Gas welding can cut, harden and weld various metals.

Disadvantages of gas welding

Gas welding has a large heating zone. If thermally unstable elements are located near the welded place, they will be damaged. It is unprofitable to weld metal with a thickness of more than 5 millimeters. The greater the thickness, the more the welding performance drops. In such cases, it is better to use electric arc welding.

In gas welding, very dangerous substances are used, such as hydrogen, acetylene, which, when combined with oxygen, give an explosive mixture. Gas cylinders should be kept as far away from organic matter. Otherwise, non-compliance with safety precautions will lead to an explosion and fire. Gas welding cannot be mechanized. Unable to alloy directional metal. Using gas welding, it is not recommended to weld high-carbon metals. Welded surfaces heat up and cool down very slowly.

A feature of the technology is that during gas welding, the surface slowly heats up and cools down. The advantage of slow heating/cooling is that many alloys and metals require gradual heating conditions. With the help of gas welding, non-ferrous metals are very well welded. Also, gas welding has several features. Three types of oxygen are used. As a rule, the purer the oxygen, the faster the cutting process and the better the edge. Gas welding takes place in the field of construction. For a very long time it will be used in various types production.

Information on our website: painting works tsp technology of finishing works technological maps in construction technology of finishing works technology of installation of metal columns

stroyrubrika.ru

Everything You Need to Know About Gas Welding - Welder's Handbook

Gas welding is a special type of welding, since its principle of operation is based on the method of melting metal. In order to carry out gas welding, the possibility of using a variety of combustibles and gases is allowed. Therefore, welding can be, for example, oxy-hydrogen, gasoline-oxygen, and so on. Also, there are oxy-acetylene gas welding, and other types that are used both in bulk and in a single application. The main, significant technological difference between gas welding and any other type of welding is the smooth and quieter, slower heating of the metal.

This is the main difference - the use of a gas flame, as a method for welding, and a welding arc. This application has both its advantages and disadvantages. Thus, gas welding is used in a number of such cases:

one). For steels, 0.2-5 mm thick;

2). For welding non-ferrous metals;

3). For any metals that require smooth heating and slow decay during the welding process;

four). For metals that require preheating (again, for non-ferrous metals, and for cast iron);

5). For hard soldering processes;

6). For surfacing and surfacing works.

Gas welding has obvious benefits, such as comparative simplicity and portability, which allows the use of such welding in many types of work. Slow heating of the metal, using a gas flame, as a rule, reduces the degree of productivity of gas welding, with a thickening of the metal, and it turns out that with a thickness of 8-10 mm, gas welding becomes already economically unprofitable, although still technically, it is suitable for work with metals, 30-40 mm thick. Also, the fact that the gas flame takes a long time to heat up the welding area causes the near-weld area to deform or lose its mechanical properties Therefore, prolonged heating has both its pros and cons.

The regulation of the gas burner takes place during the normal burning of the flame. So, it is adjusted to the required thickness of the metal, and only then, the welding flame is activated, after which you can start working. Therefore, one of the most basic tasks of a welder is to determine the required level of burner operation to work with a particular area of metal. Also, when working, other parameters are taken into account - pressure, distance from the product to the burner, the angle of inclination of the flame, and so on, which together gives the use of gas welding.

www.vse-o-svarke.org

It might be useful to read: