Download presentation axial rotation of the earth. Geography presentation on the subject of the Earth's daily rotation. (Grade 5). The rotation of the Earth around its axis determines

Lesson topic: §nine " Axial rotation Earth "(lesson 2.4 in the section" Earth in the Universe ")

Basic tutorial: V.P.Dronov, L.E.Savelieva, M. Drofa, 2012 Geography. Geography.

Target: to form an idea of ​​the rotation of the planet Earth around its axis and the geographical consequences of the rotation of the Earth around its axis.

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"Presentation for the lesson on the topic" Axial rotation of the Earth ""

Did you solve the tests correctly?

  • Option 1 1) c) Earth
  • 2) b) 8
  • 3) b) Saturn
  • 4) b) gas balls
  • 5) b) Sun
  • 6) b) constellation
  • Option 2 1c) Infinity
  • 2) b) Mercury
  • 3) b) star
  • 4) a) Saturn
  • 5) c) Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars,
  • Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune.
  • 6) b) NO.



Lesson topic: Axial rotation of the Earth.


Lesson plan

1. Rotation of the Earth around its axis.

2. Geographic consequences of the Earth's rotation.


Axial movement of the Earth

Day (24 hours) - a complete revolution of the Earth around its axis.


Geographical implications :

1. Because of high speed rotation (30 km / sec.) around its axis, the Earth is flattened at the poles and has the shape geoid.

2. Due to the rotation of the Earth, all moving bodies are deflected in North hemispheres to the right and in South- left .


equator

Northern pole

Yuzhny pole

The shape and size of the Earth

Earth axis- an imaginary line around which the daily rotation of the earth occurs, is inclined to the plane at an angle of 66.5 °.

Due to the rotation of the Earth around its axis, it is flattened at the poles and has the shape ellipse (geoid)

North and South Poles- points of intersection of the axis of rotation with the earth's surface.

The longest circumference of the Earth - equator(40,076 km)

Vertical (polar) radius of the Earth 6357 km

The horizontal (equatorial) radius of the Earth is 6378 km

Diagonal radius 6375 km



3. Because of axial the rotation of the earth occurs


If you look from the side of the North Pole, then the rotation of the Earth around the axis occurs:

A. from north to south

B. from south to north

V. from west to east

G. from east to west


If you look from the side of the North Pole, then the rotation of the Earth around the axis occurs ...

V. from west to east


A. change of day and night

B. changing seasons

B. season of the year


The rotation of the Earth around its axis determines:

A. change of day and night


Thank you for the lesson

young people


TOPIC: EARTH'S AXIAL ROTATION

PURPOSE: 1. To acquaint students with the concepts of geographic poles on Earth. 2. Units of time. 3. Geographic consequences of the axial rotation of the Earth.

REMEMBER: 1. Is the rotation of the Earth noticeable for a person? 2. How many hours are there in a day?

STUDYING NEW MATERIAL

TWO BASIC TYPES OF EARTH MOTION: 1. Rotation around its axis 2. Rotation around the Sun in its orbit.

ROTATION OF THE EARTH AROUND ITS AXIS The axis is inclined to the orbital plane - 66.5 Constantly directed to the North Star The points of intersection of the imaginary earth's axis with the Earth's surface are called geographic poles

GEOGRAPHICAL POLE TWO - In the central part of the Arctic Ocean In Antarctica

AXIAL ROTATION The earth rotates around its axis counterclockwise, i.e. from west to east. The Earth makes a complete revolution around its axis in a day.

DAYS IS A NATURAL, NATURAL-GIVEN BASIC UNIT OF TIME MEASUREMENT. A day is divided into 24 hours, an hour - 60 minutes, a minute - 60 seconds. The faster the planet rotates around its own axis, the shorter the day, the slower - the longer. Uranus rotates on its axis for 12 hours On Venus, a day lasts 243 Earth days, or 5832 Earth hours

THE EARTH'S AXIAL ROTATION HAS GEOGRAPHICAL IMPLICATIONS. 1. Rotation around the axis affects the shape of the planet. The earth is slightly flattened at the poles. 2. Due to the rotation of the Earth, all bodies moving on its surface deviate in the Northern Hemisphere to the right, and in the Southern Hemisphere to the left. In rivers, due to the deflecting force, the water is pressed against one of the banks, therefore, the right bank of the rivers of the Northern Hemisphere is steep, and in the South - the left. Deviation affects the direction of winds, ocean currents.

3. Due to the rotation of the Earth, there is a change of day and night. This causes heating and cooling of the surface. With daily change, many natural processes change. Living organisms are adapted to the daily rhythm.

IF THE EARTH WAS STOPPED TO ROTATE AROUND ITS AXIS AND AROUND THE SUN, THEN The temperature on the sunny side would reach +100 degrees and all the water would evaporate The kingdom of eternal cold, where earth moisture would accumulate in the form of an ice cap

FIXING THE STUDYED MATERIAL 1. Name two main types of motion of the Earth. 2. In which direction does the Earth rotate around its axis? 3. What are the consequences of the Earth's rotation around its axis? 4. Why is the Earth not a perfect ball? 5. How does the change of day and night affect living organisms?

D / Z paragraph 9.

Used literature: 1. Textbook by V. Dronov, L.Ye. Savelyeva GEOGRAPHY. Geography M. Drofa. 2016 Geography teacher at MBOU "Mendyukinskaya Sednyaya School". Strokina I.S.

Slide 2

Purpose of work:

Calculate the speed of rotation of the Earth around its axis by measuring the speed of the Sun in the sky in our area.

Slide 3

Evidence of the Earth's rotation on its axis

The earth rotates on an axis from west to east, i.e. counterclock-wise. In this case, the angular speed of rotation, that is, the angle by which any point on the surface of the Earth rotates, is the same and amounts to 15 ° per hour. Linear velocity depends on latitude: at the equator it is greatest - 464 m / s, and the geographic poles are stationary. The main physical proof of the Earth's rotation around its axis is the experiment with Foucault's swinging pendulum.

Slide 4

After the French physicist J. Foucault in 1851 in Paris (in the Pantheon) carried out his famous experiment, the rotation of the Earth around its axis became an immutable truth. Physical evidence of the axial rotation of the Earth are also measurements of the arc of the 10th meridian, which prove the compression of the Earth at the poles, and it is characteristic only of rotating bodies. And, finally, the third proof is the deviation of falling bodies from the plumb line at all latitudes, except for the poles. The reason for this deviation is due to their preservation by inertia of a greater linear velocity at an altitude in comparison with the earth's surface.

Slide 5

The geographic significance of the axial rotation of the Earth is extremely high. First of all, it affects the shape of the Earth: the contraction of our planet at the poles is the result of its axial rotation. Earlier, when the Earth was spinning at a faster speed, the polar contraction was more significant. The axial rotation of the Earth causes deviations of bodies moving horizontally (winds, rivers, sea currents, etc.) from their original directions: in the northern hemisphere - to the right, in the southern hemisphere - to the left

Slide 6

The earth, like other planets, moves around the sun. This path of the Earth is called the orbit (lat. Orbita- track, road). The orbit of the Earth is an ellipse close to a circle, in one of the focuses of which is the Sun. The distance from the Earth to the Sun varies during the year from 147 million km to 152 million km. The Earth moves in orbit from west to east at an average speed of about 29.8 km / s and travels all the way in 365 days 6 h 9 min 9 s. This period of time is called a sidereal year.

Slide 7

Theoretical definition of the speed of rotation of the Earth

S = 2 π R1 T = 24 hours υ = 2 πR1: TR = 6.4 × 1,000,000 m π = 3.14 R1 = R * cosφ φ = 55.75 cosφ = 0.56 R1 = R * cosφ = 3, 6 * 1,000,000 m υ = (2 × 3.14 × 3.6 × 1,000,000 m): (24 × 3600 s) = (22.5 × 10000 m): 864 = 0.026 × 10000 = 260m / s

Class: 5

Item: geography (UMK - Letyagin A.A.)

Lesson type: combined

The purpose of the lesson:

Lesson Objectives:

2. Consider the features of the Earth's daily rotation, its geographic consequences

During the classes:

The bell rang merry.

Are you ready to start your lesson?

We will listen, reason

And help each other!

Yesterday everyone called me tomorrow
And tomorrow they will say yesterday.
That's my whole mystery

Began to approach -

Stole the sun from the sky. (Night)

One after another in succession
Brother and sister are walking around peacefully.
Brother wakes up all the people,
And the sister, on the contrary, -

The teacher includes a presentation, which contains pictures, animations of the Earth's rotation around its axis and questions to them.

What are the tropics?

Show the tropics on a globe.

What is the Equator?

Show the equator on the globe.

Explanation of the teacher:

The higher the Sun is above the horizon, the more solar heat and light is received by the Earth's surface. Our planet is in a constant stream of almost parallel solar rays. The angle of their incidence on the Earth's surface at the same time is different and depends on the position of a particular place in relation to

to the geographic poles (see fig. 10 page 25)

In what zone of illumination is our area located?

(Student story)

Physical education

I will clarify that the Earth makes a full revolution in 23 hours 56 minutes and 4 seconds, this is a sidereal day. And modern scientists call the shape of the Earth a geoid.

Examination.

Coriolis forces.G. Coriolis (1792-1843)

Primary anchoring: test (2-3 minutes) and slide self-test.

Reflection

What was the goal for the lesson?

Homework

Curious: write a mini-essay "If the Earth did not rotate ..."

    Riddles about the time and seasons [ Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://riddle.su/zagadki_pro_vremena_goda.html, free. Title from the screen.

    Change of day and night [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEkj0q2IVfg, free. Title from the screen.


"Worksheet"

F.I. ________________________________________________Date:_______________

Lesson topic: _____________________________________________________________

Target:___________________________________________________________________

Learning new material

(p. 25, fig. 11) 1 ._______________________________________________________________________ 2 ._______________________________________________________________________ 3 ._______________________________________________________________________

(work in groups p. 24-25)

Characteristic

Equatorial, Moderate, Polar

(Underline whatever applicable)

1.Where is located

2. State of the sun

3. Temperature conditions

Questions about the video:

1. In what direction does the Earth rotate? ______________________________________

2. In which direction does the sun rise and set? ______________________________________

3. What two points remain stationary when the earth rotates? ____________________________

4. What imaginary line do these points form? _______________________________________

5. How does the change of day and night occur? _____________________________________________________

6. What is one revolution of the Earth around its axis? ________________________________________

7. What is the longitude of the day? ___________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________________

(work in pairs p. 26):

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Anchoring:

A) In polar;

B) In moderate;

C) In the tropical.

3. The main geographic consequence of the axial rotation of the earth is:

A) Change of seasons;

B) Change of day and night;

C) Change natural areas.

A) Change of seasons;

B) Change of day and night;

D) Coriolis force arises.

5. Choose the correct statements:

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"Technological map of the lesson The daily rotation of the Earth"

Routing lesson

Class: 5

Item: geography

Theme: Daily rotation Of the earth

Lesson type: combined

The purpose of the lesson: organize the activities of students for the perception and acquaintance with the peculiarities of the daily rotation of the earth, with the belts of illumination.

Lesson Objectives: 1. To acquaint students with the light belts and their characteristics;

2. Consider the features of the Earth's daily rotation, its geographic consequences.

Planned learning outcomes

Subject

Metasubject

Personal

1. Formation of ideas about the movements of the Earth and their consequences;

2. Mastering the basic skills of finding and using geographic information;

3. Formation of skills and abilities to use geographical knowledge about the movement of the Earth in Everyday life

Cognitive UUD: independently highlight and formulate a topic, goals; consciously and arbitrarily build a speech utterance in oral and writing forms; identify basic and secondary information;

Regulatory UUD:

to establish educational tasks on the basis of what is already known to students, to highlight what has already been mastered and what else is subject to assimilation, to assess the quality and level of assimilation;

Communicative UUD : and peers; possession of monologue and dialogical forms of speech in accordance with the grammatical and syntactic norms of the native language

1. Formation of cognitive and informational culture, including the development of skills for independent work with schemes;

2. Formation of tolerance as a norm of a conscious and benevolent attitude towards another person, his opinion, worldview;

3. Mastering social norms and rules of conduct in groups.

Lesson plan

lesson stages / stage task

teacher activity

student activities

formed by UUD

Organizational

moment(motivation to educational activity)

Stage objective: to interest and tune students to the lesson

Welcomes students and guests to the class.

The bell rang merry.

Are you ready to start your lesson?

We will listen, reason

And help each other!

Guests are welcomed.

Listen to the teacher.

Friendly attitude towards each other.

Updating knowledge.

Stage objective: to interest in the topic of the lesson, to determine the goals and further tasks of the lesson

Offers to guess riddles and express an opinion about what the topic of the lesson will be:

Yesterday everyone called me tomorrow
And tomorrow they will say yesterday.
That's my whole mystery
It's time to name me (Day)

Began to approach -

Stole the sun from the sky. (Night)

One after another in succession
Brother and sister are walking around peacefully.
Brother wakes up all the people,
And the sister, on the contrary, -
Immediately calls to sleep. (Day and night)

The teacher includes a presentation with pictures, animations of the Earth's rotation around its axis and questions to them.

So what are we going to talk about today?

Why is there a change of day and night?

Guys, define the topic and objectives of the lesson.

And what will we do in the lesson to achieve our goals.

Guess riddles.

Watching a presentation.

Determine the topic and objectives of the lesson.

Write down the topic and objectives of the lesson. (everyone sets a goal for himself)

Answer the teacher's questions (working with a textbook, additional literature, viewing a presentation)

Interact with the teacher.

They control the correctness of the answers of peers.

Listen to the interlocutor.

Make guesses about the topic of the lesson.

Build statements that are understandable for the interlocutor.

To independently highlight and formulate the goals of the lesson.

The main stage

The task of the stage: to acquaint with the light belts, their characteristics, to consider the peculiarities of the Earth's rotation around its axis.

Let's remember what we already know:

What are the tropics?

Show the tropics on a globe.

What are geographic poles?

Show the poles on the globe, how many there are.

What is the Equator?

Show the equator on the globe.

What days are very important for our planet?

Why are the seasons changing?

Explanation of the teacher:

We know that the earth makes both an annual movement in its orbit around the sun and a daily movement around its axis. At what angle is the Earth's axis tilted to the orbital plane?

The position of the Earth in the circumsolar orbit and the constancy of the inclination of the Earth's axis lead to the fact that the height of the Sun above the horizon changes.

The higher the Sun is above the horizon, the more solar heat and light is received by the Earth's surface. Our planet is in a constant stream of almost parallel solar rays. The angle of their incidence on the Earth's surface at the same time is different and depends on the position of a particular place in relation to the geographic poles (see Fig. 10 page 25)

Depending on the illumination, illumination belts are distinguished, bounded by the tropics and polar circles.

Write down the name of the illumination belts using Figure 11 on page 25.

How many light belts do scientists identify? List them ...

Now we will work in groups. Each group will characterize one belt according to the plan. Time 3 minutes. Let's remember the rules for working in groups ...

The work is checked using a slide on the screen.

In what light zone is the Belgorod region located?

And in what light zone is the capital of our country located?

Guys, what is polar day and night? In what zone of illumination do these phenomena occur? What do you know about them? In the text of the textbook, what is written about them? There is very little information in textbooks, practically none. Your classmate has prepared a message about polar day and night.

Physical education

The teacher offers to watch the video plot and answer a number of questions:

1. In what direction does the Earth rotate?

2. In which direction does the sunrise and sunset occur?

3. What two points remain motionless when the earth rotates?

4. What imaginary line do these points form?

5. How does day and night change?

6. What is one revolution of the Earth around its axis?

7. What is called the longitude of the day?

I will clarify that the Earth makes a full revolution in 23 hours 56 minutes and 4 seconds, this is a sidereal day.

The axial rotation of the Earth has several geographic implications. And which ones you will learn by working with the text of the textbook on page 26 and this is a task for working in pairs.

Examination.

Another of the most important consequences of axial rotation is the formation of a rotational force -Coriolis forces.In the XIX century. it was first calculated by a French scientist in the field of mechanicsG. Coriolis (1792-1843) ... This is one of the inertial forces introduced to take into account the influence of the rotation of a moving frame of reference on the relative motion of a material point. Its effect can be briefly expressed as follows: every moving body in the Northern Hemisphere deviates to the right, and in the Southern Hemisphere - to the left. At the equator, the Coriolis force is zero.

Answers questions.

The tropics, equator, geographic poles are shown on the globe.

Listen to the teacher.

Answer questions

Listen to the teacher.

Answer questions

They work individually with the text of the textbook, write out the names of the light belts.

Repeat the rules for working in groups. Get assignments.

They work in groups.

Read the text, choose necessary information and fill in the table ( Annex 1)

If desired, read out the completed task. Listen to peers, control responses.

Answers questions.

Listen to the teacher

Answers questions.

Listen to the teacher

Listen to the message.

Exercise eye exercises.

Students carefully review the material, and then give answers to questions.

1. The rotation of the Earth occurs from west to east.

2. Sunrise in the east; sunset - in the west.

3. The fixed points are the North and South Poles.

4. The imaginary line is called the Earth's axis.

5. When the Earth rotates around its axis, the sun's rays illuminate the part that is turned towards it.

6. One revolution around the axis is equal to 24 hours, i.e. days.

7. The interval between sunrise and sunset is called the length of the day.

Work in pairs from page 26.

The completed task is read out at will.

The teachers are listening, making notes in the notebook.

Listen to the interlocutor.

They control the correctness of the answers of peers and the correctness of the display on the globe.

Listen to the interlocutor

Planning a learning collaboration with a teacher

Search for the information you need on the picture from the textbook.

Planning educational collaboration with peers; possession of monologue and dialogical forms of speech in accordance with the grammatical and syntactic norms of the native language .

Search and highlight the necessary information, determine the main and secondary information;

proactive cooperation in the search and collection of information

Planning a learning collaboration with a teacher

Listen to the interlocutor

Highlight the necessary information from the video, determine the main and secondary information

Planning educational collaboration with a peer; possession of monologue and dialogical forms of speech.

Search and highlight the necessary information, determine the main and secondary information; proactive cooperation in the search and collection of information

Planning a learning collaboration with a teacher

Lesson summary

Stage task: primary consolidation of the passed material

Primary anchoring (Appendix 3)

Perform test tasks.

Self-test using test criteria (Appendix 3)

Accept and save the learning task. Be able to assess yourself correctly.

Reflection of the content of educational material

The task of the stage: identifying the level of awareness of the content of the passed

1. Which of today's material was already familiar to you?

2. What new things have you learned today?

3. Do you think you were productive today?

4. How does the rotation of the Earth affect humans?

What was the goal for the lesson?

Did you achieve your goal or not (5-7 people answer)

Answers questions.

Analyze their activities in the classroom.

The goal of the lesson is read and determined whether it has been achieved or not.

Listen to the interlocutor. Build statements that are understandable for the interlocutor.

Analyze your activities in the lesson.

Homework

Stage objective: to set students up for further study of the topic

Write down homework in the diary, asking questions

Accept and save the learning task

Annex 1

Illumination belts and their characteristics (work in groups)

Characteristic

Hot

1. Where is located

2. State of the sun

3. Temperature conditions

Characteristic

Moderate

1. Where is located

2. State of the sun

3. Temperature conditions

Characteristic

Polar

1. Where is located

2. State of the sun

3. Temperature conditions

Appendix 2

Student message

Polar circles are remarkable in that they are the boundaries of areas where there are polar days and nights.

Polar day- the period when the Sun does not descend below the horizon. The further from the Arctic Circle to the pole, the longer the polar day. At the latitude of the Arctic Circle (66.5 °), it lasts only one day, and at the Pole - 189 days. In the Northern Hemisphere at the latitude of the Arctic Circle, the polar day is observed on June 22 - the day of the summer solstice, and in the Southern Hemisphere at the latitude of the Southern Arctic Circle - on December 22.

polar night lasts from one day at the latitude of the Arctic Circle to 176 days at the poles. During the polar night, the Sun does not appear above the horizon. In the Northern Hemisphere at the latitude of the Arctic Circle, this phenomenon is observed on December 22.

It is impossible not to note such a wonderful natural phenomenon as the white nights. White Nights- these are bright nights at the beginning of summer, when the evening dawn converges with the morning and twilight lasts all night. They are observed in both hemispheres at latitudes exceeding 60 °, when the center of the Sun at midnight drops below the horizon by no more than 7 °. In St. Petersburg (about 60 ° N), white nights last from June 11 to July 2, in Arkhangelsk (64 ° N) - from May 13 to July 30.

Appendix 3

1. In what zone of illumination does the earth's surface receive direct rays from the midday sun both in winter and in summer?

A) In polar;

B) In moderate;

C) In the tropical.

2.The seasons are changing because

A) The Earth rotates on its axis;

B) the Earth has a spherical shape;

C) The Earth revolves around the Sun.

3. The main geographic consequence of the axial rotation of the Earth is:

A) Change of seasons;

B) Change of day and night;

C) Change of natural zones.

4. Geographic consequences of the Earth's orbital motion:

A) Change of seasons;

B) Change of day and night;

C) Allocation of light belts;

D) Coriolis force arises.

5. Choose the correct statements:

A) In the fall, birds fly to the south, and the snow melts;

B) In winter, a polar day is observed in the polar belt;

C) Winter begins in Antarctica in June;

D) In ​​the polar belt, the sun is low above the horizon;

E) In the equatorial zone, it is cooler in winter than in summer.

Evaluation criteria:

  • 5.C), D), E)

"5" all answers are correct

"4" one or two errors

"3" more than three errors

View presentation content
"Presentation for the lesson of geography The daily rotation of the Earth"

MBOU "Borisov Secondary School No. 1 named after Hero Soviet Union A. M. Rudoy "

Daily rotation Of the earth

MBOU "BSOSH No. 1

named after A.M. Rudy "

Borisovka, 2015



Daily rotation Of the earth




Illumination belts characteristic (group work)

Feature (plan)

1.Where is located

2. State of the Sun

3.Temperature mode


Illumination belts characteristic (group work)

Feature (plan)

Equatorial

1.Where is located

Between the North and South Tropics

2. State of the Sun

The sun is at its zenith twice a year. Differences in the length of day and night are small

3.Temperature mode

It's always hot.


Illumination belts characteristic (group work )

Feature (plan)

Moderate

1.Where is located

Between the tropics and polar circles

2. State of the Sun

The sun is never at its zenith

3.Temperature mode

There are four seasons. Temperatures vary a lot with the seasons


Illumination belts characteristic (group work)

Feature (plan)

Polar

1.Where is located

Between the poles and polar circles

2. State of the Sun

The polar day and polar night stand out

3.Temperature mode

It's cold all year round



Questions for the video:

  • 1. In what direction does the Earth rotate?
  • 2. In which direction does the sunrise and sunset occur?
  • 3. What two points remain motionless when the earth rotates?
  • 4. What imaginary line do these points form?
  • 5. How does day and night change?
  • 6. What is one revolution of the Earth around its axis?
  • 7. What is called the longitude of the day?

Geographic Implications of the Earth's Axial Rotation (work in pairs p. 26)


Geographic Implications of the Earth's Axial Rotation (work in pairs p. 26)

  • The change of night and day;
  • Heating and cooling of the Earth during the day;
  • Daily rhythm of natural processes;
  • A certain shape of the Earth (flattened from the poles);
  • Coriolis force arises





Test Evaluation Criteria:

  • 1. B)
  • 2.C)
  • 3. B)
  • 4. A), B)
  • 5.C), D), E)

"5" all answers are correct

"4" one or two errors

"3" more than three errors


Homework

Curious: write a mini essay

"If the Earth did not rotate ..."


  • Letyagin, A.A. Geography. Initial course: Grade 5 [Text]: textbook for students educational institutions/ A.A. Letyagin; under the general ed. V.P. Dronov. - M .: Ventana - Graf, 2012 .-- 160s.: Ill.
  • Riddles about the time and seasons [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://riddle.su/zagadki_pro_vremena_goda.html, free. Title from the screen.
  • Change of day and night [Electronic resource]. - Access mode: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rEkj0q2IVfg, free. Title from the screen.

Goals:

  • Form an idea of ​​the reasons for the change of seasons of the year.
  • Explain the features of uneven heating of the earth's surface.

Obor hoping:

  • tellurium;
  • globes (for each school desk);
  • multimedia projector(slide presentation by sections of the lesson);
  • textbook "Planet Earth" ed. A. Lobzhanidze, Publishing House "Education", 2006;
  • atlas “Planet Earth” (“Sphere” series) p.2-3.

During the classes

I. Organizing time(introductory word of the teacher).

II. Check - a summary of the material learned from past lessons.

Task number 1:"Parade of planets". On the table are cards with the names of the planets and the Sun ("Closed" side).
10 students come to the table, take cards, open them and arrange them in order. Each student recalls one particular feature of “their” planet.

Task number 2: During the first task, one student writes down “Our space address” on the board (Universe - Milky Way - Solar system - Planet Earth, etc.)

Generalization. Evaluation of results.

III. Learning new material.

You know that the Earth is spinning. How? (around its axis). For how much a complete revolution? (in 24 hours).

Imagine that the Earth has stopped and does not rotate around its axis. What are the consequences of the disappearance of rotation? (The countdown will disappear. There will be no change of day and night. On the illuminated side, the temperature will be above 100 degrees, and on the “dark” side, frost will be raging. hurricanes, floods, and maybe earthquakes, the strength of which will be incredible)

Besides rotation around its axis, does the Earth still move in any way? (around the sun)
- How long does it take for the Earth to complete one circle in its orbit? Find the exact answer on page 43 of the tutorial. (365 days, 9 minutes, 9 seconds)
- One extra day is accumulated in 4 years. Such a year is called a leap year.

Consider the position of the Earth to the plane of its rotation around the Sun (picture number 1 on the board)

Showcase using tellurium

1) The rotation of the earth around the sun.

Does the axis change its position? (No)
- Is the angle at which sunlight falls the same for the seasons? (No)

Telluria has specific days marked, one for each season. What months do they fall in? (March, June, September, December)
- These days were not chosen by chance. It is during these days that the Earth occupies a unique position in relation to the Sun.

Demonstration in telluria with stops on marked days.

Now write in your notebook the days marked on the slide. Appendix 1 (Slide No. 4)

22.XII - the day of the winter solstice (longest night and shortest day)
21.III - the day of the vernal equinox (day = night).Annex 1 (Slide number 5)
22.VI - the day of the summer solstice (longest day and shortest night)Appendix 1 (Slide No. 4)

23.IX - the day of the autumnal equinox (day = night) Appendix 1 (Slide No. 5)

Diagram on chalkboard

Take a look at the slide. Is the North Polar Region of the Earth illuminated on June 22? (Yes)
- What is the name of this time? (Polar day)
- And in the other hemisphere, in the south polar region? (Polar night)
- This is what the polar night looks like. Appendix 1 (Slide number 6)
- And so - the polar day. Annex 1 (Slide number 7)

Generalization:

What happens on Earth as a result of the Earth's orbital rotation? (Change of seasons)
- Besides, what else does the Earth's orbital motion affect? (For the duration of the day and night)
- It's November. What special day awaits us in December? (Winter solstice)
- How will the Sun be located above the horizon? (Low)

And then it will start to rise again!

Working with the globe

There are lines on the globe in front of you, which are marked with a dotted line. Name them. (Northern and southern tropics, northern and southern polar circles)
- Are these parallels or meridians? (Parallels)
- Let's write it down in a notebook. Polar circles (66.5 N, 66.5 S) Tropics - parallels, where twice a year the Sun is at its zenith (23.5 N, 23.5 S)Annex 1 ( Slide number 8)
- These lines divide our planet into heat zones. Appendix 1 (Slide number 9)
- How many heat zones can you identify? (5) ... Name them.
- What heat zone do we live in? (In northern temperate)

Conclusion.

The earth rotates not only around its axis and around the sun. She still participates in the galactic movement. Appendix 1 (Slide No. 10)
- In the textbook on page 45, find the time of one revolution of the Earth together with the Solar system around the center of the Galaxy. (220 million years)
- What is the rotation speed? (250 km / s)
- But that is not all! Together with our Galaxy, the Earth participates in intergalactic movement. Appendix 1 (Slide number 11)

Generalization: - So, together with the Earth we rotate? .. (Around the axis, around the Sun, around the center of the Milky Way Galaxy and we participate in intergalactic movement)

D / z: pp. 42-45. Highlight the polar circles and tropics on the c / c.

 

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