Ultrasonic dispersant industrial. Ultrasonic transducer flow type. Legend structure

The invention relates to ultrasound dispersants for homogenization of heavy fuels, various liquid mixtures or milk, water-fuel emulsion, can also be used for disinfection drinking water and pasteurization of juices, making paints, lubricants, food and other emulsions and suspensions, in chemical industry To intensify chemical reactions and obtain new types of compounds, in the primary oil refining to increase the release of light fuels, preparation of persistent drilling fluids. The device consists of a piezo-converter with overlays, made at the same time with the concentrators with variable internal cross section, with the axial hole in the hubs. At the outlet ends of the hubs acoustically, resonant membranes with flowing holes are accumulated. On both sides of the resonant membranes, slit gaps are formed due to sound transparent diaphragms and ring gaps. The device may have focusing systems, cavitation activators, half-wave nozzles, half-wave resonators, additional high-frequency emitters. The technical result consists in improving the quality of cavitation processing of materials. 8 zp F-lies, 7 yl.

The invention relates to the field of ultrasound technology and can be used to homogenize heavy fuels or milk; Preparations of high-quality waterway emulsion for diesel engines, as well as heat meters and boiler houses on fuel oil; pasteurization of drinking water, juices and other liquid foods; manufacture of high-quality paints, lubricants, food, forage, pharmaceutical and other emulsions and suspensions; in the chemical industry to intensify chemical reactions and obtaining new types of compounds; in the primary oil refining to increase the exit of light fuels; For the preparation of persistent drilling fluids and other similar technologies. A device for ultrasound emulsification is known (Japan's application 62-58375, CL. In 01 F 11/02, publ. In 1987), consisting of a vibrator with lining, one of which is made at the same time with the hub with the axial hole. The disadvantages of this device include low performance, the low quality of the emulsion obtained and high energy costs as the result of low electroacoustic efficiency. The closest in technical essence is a device for ultrasonic treatment of fluid (RF Patent 2061537, CL. In 01 F 11/02, publ. 16.06.96), containing a reinforced spylist connected to the generator with an axial opening of a piezo-converter (vibrator) with two symmetrically and coaxially Located hubs, made at the same time with overlays and axial holes with partitions at the output ends and holes in them. The disadvantages of this device, although at least inherent in the previous analogue. The main positive effect of the invention is a significant improvement in the cavitation processing of the fluid flowing through the vibrator and the improvement of the energy indicators of the device, as well as the possibility of cavitation treatment of the fluid heated to high temperatures. Positive effects are achieved by the fact that the whole liquid flowing through the vibrator at least four times proceeds by the initiating surface of the vibrator and near solid surfaces , as well as due to the increase in the active component of the radiation resistance and the optimal coordination of the vibrator with the load. In some modifications of the proposed device, an additional positive effect is achieved by passing the fluid being processed through two focal spots at the inlet and the outlet of the device and two half-wave resonators, as well as the two-time addition of high-frequency ultrasonic oscillations on the processed liquid and thermal insulation of piezoceramics from the hot liquid flowing through the hot liquid vibrator. The invention corresponds to the "novelty" criterion, because Not yet described, and the criterion of "significant differences", because Does not follow directly from the level of development of ultrasound technique. The claimed device is technically realized, because It was manufactured and tested. The present invention is shown in various modifications in FIGS. 1 - 7. Figure 1 shows the main base option with four cavitation zones and a detailed description of the basic oscillatory system. Figure 2 shows a modification of the main option with two focusing devices. Figure 3 in close-up shows the device of slot and ring gaps in relation to the modification in FIG. 2. Figure 4 shows a modification of the main variant with two half-wave resonators, two high-frequency emitters on end surfaces, four sound-transparent diaphragms with grooves on the operating surfaces in the form of the Archimedian spiral and using the cavitation activator. FIG. 5 shows a modification with high-frequency emitters located inside the hubs. Figure 6 shows a modification for cavitation hot liquid processing. Figure 7 shows a modification for cavitation processing of hot liquid with half-wave nozzles and eight cavitation zones. The device is (see FIG. 1) connected to the generator (FIG. 1 is not shown) Ultrasonic converter (vibrator) with overlays, made at the same time with concentrators 1, located symmetrically and coaxially (for example, stepwise), with variable internal cross section and reinforced (rotated) stud 2 with axial hole 3, which has a continuation on the axis of concentrators 1; Working piezoceramic washers 4 and piezoceramic washers of electro-acoustic feedback 5 are assembled into a stilette package 2 and isolated from it insulating sleeve 6 with conductive electrodes - radiators 7; The resonant membranes 8 with flowing holes 9 on their side surface at the level of the inner flat surface of the membrane 8 acoustically rigidly and plugged at the output ends of the hubs 1 and form between the side surface of the resonance membranes 8 and the inner surface of the glasses 10 fixed in the nodal plane of the hubs 1, annular Clauses 11; Outer transparent (for example, from a thin plastic) a diaphragm 12 with axial holes 13, located in parallel with resonant membranes 8, form slit gaps 14. The package of piezoceramics 4 and 5 is protected by a casing 15. The tightness of the structure is provided by sealing rubber rings 16. The processed fluid enters the device and leaves it through the nozzles 17. FIG. 2 on cups 10 coaxially and symmetrically focused focusing devices 18 in the form of rotation paraboloids forming focal spots 19 at the input and output of the device. In this modification, sound transparent diaphragms 12 on both sides of the resonant membrane 8 are used, as shown in closely in FIG. 3. Figure 4, the inner volume of the hubs 1 and half-wave resonators 20 is filled with an activator of cavitation 21 (for example, a metal mesh is shown by a dotted hatching). On the end surfaces of glasses 10, high-frequency ultrasonic emitters 22 connected to the generator (figure 4 is not shown) are acoustically rigidly fixed). In this modification, sound transparent diaphragms 12 are made from the working side (facing membrane 8) in the form of a flat spiral deepening (Archimedian spiral). FIG. 5 High-frequency emitters 22 acoutyally unleashed and are located from the inside of the hubs 1 and are fixed on the tubes 23 screwed into the stud 2. For the supply of wires to the high-frequency emitters 22, the holes 24 are provided on. 7. Thermal insulation of piezoceramics 4 from the hot liquid flowing through a vibrator is achieved with Through tube 25, on both ends, reflectors 26 of the acoustically rigid material are sealed. The tightness of the fastening of reflectors and their acoustic junction from the concentrators 1 is provided by rubber rings 27. FIG. 7 shows the modification of the previous version (see FIG. 6), using eight cavitation zones using two half-wave cylindrical nozzles 28 and four resonant membranes 8, acoustically rigidly fixed on the ends of the nozzles. In this case, the half-wave nozzles 28 are screwed into resonant membranes 8, and annular gaps 11 are formed using couplings 29, pulled by cape nuts 30 and sealed with rubber rings 31. Working position All modifications are vertical. In this case, the processed liquid flows through the vibrator from the bottom up so that the bubbles formed during cavitation are not accumulated inside the vibrator. The device works as follows. The generator (not conditionally shown) produces electrical oscillations resonant for the frequency vibrator, which come to the working washers of piezoceramics 4, where they are converted into mechanical oscillations. These oscillations with the help of piezoceramic washers of the electroacoustic feedback 5 are converted to electrical oscillations and are fed to the generator for the phase auto-adjustment of the resonant vibrator frequency. The mechanical oscillations produced with piezoceraram 4 are enhanced by concentrators 1 and are fed to resonant membranes 8, loaded with a fluid being processed on both sides. At the same time, in the resonant frequency, the mechanical oscillations are additionally reinforced proportional to the mechanical quality of membranes 8. As a result, the initial mechanical oscillations of piezoceramics 4 repeatedly (depending on the load) are enhanced and allow you to almost completely agree on the load (processed liquid) with a vibrator, which allows you to raise the electroacular efficiency of all oscillatory Systems up to magnitude close to 100%. Almost complete coordination of the vibrator with a load is also achieved because the wave size of Ka membranes 8, loaded on both sides (the oscillating piston mode without screen), is chosen such that the relative active resistance reaches the maximum possible values \u200b\u200bexceeding 1.2 (see l . V. Orlov, A. A. Shabras. Calculation and design of antennas of hydroacoustic fishing stations. - M.: Food industry , 1974, p.127, Fig.61, curve 5). The processed fluid enters the vibrator from the bottom through the input fitting 17 and flows through the bottom slight gap 14 and then through the annular gap 11, the conductive holes 9 and the upper slight gap 14, leaving through the axial opening 13 in the diaphragm 12. The path of leakage of the fluid is shown by bold arrows on Figure 3 on an enlarged scale. In this case, the processed fluid flows, almost continuously contacting with a solid initiating surface of the resonance membranes 8 and in the immediate vicinity of the solid surfaces of the glass 10 and the diaphragm 12, which ensures the maximum possible cavitation effect. Next, the processed fluid flows inside the vibrator along the axial opening of the lower hub 1, the axial hole of the heel 2, the axial opening of the upper hub 1 and further, as described above, but in reverse order. Thus, the processed liquid consistently flows through four cavitation zones by the initiating surface and near the solid boundaries, which ensures its qualitative cavitation processing, which is complemented by the effect of cavitation as it flows in the internal volume of the vibrator. The above-described process of cavitation processing of the flowing fluid can be significantly reinforced (see FIG. 2), if at the expense of the focusing devices 18 create powerful focal spots 19 at the input and output of the dispersant. In this case, slotted gaps 14 (see figure 3) are formed by sound transparent diaphragms 12 on both sides of resonant membranes 8. It is known that the process of ultrasonic emulsification can be significantly improved if it occurs on a solid surface and at high acoustic pressures (see Ultrasound . Little encyclopedia. / Ed. I. P. Golovna. - M.: Soviet Encyclopedia, 1979, p.393). Based on this, the inventive dispersant in the emulsifier mode can be made with an internal volume filled with an emulsion activator (for example, a metal mesh) and half-wave resonators, where the acoustic pressure doubles. This design of the flow dispersant is shown in FIG. 4, where the internal volume of the hubs 1 and half-wave resonators 20 is filled with an activator of cavitation 21. In this case, the processed fluid processed through the dispersant in the process of ultrasonic cavitation is in contact with the developed solid surface of cavitation activator 21 almost all internal vibrator. , allowing to significantly increase the concentration and quality of the emulsion. To give the emulsion of fineness, which is very important when nutrition of diesel engines emulsion, high-frequency emitters 22 installed at the input and output ends of the vibrator are provided in FIG. 4 installed at the input and output ends of the vibrator (see the basics of ultrasound physics and technology. Tutorial For universities. - M.: high school , 1987, p.177, Fig. 9.1). The joint effect of acoustic oscillations of ultrasound (for example, 22 kHz) and high-frequency (for example, 300 kHz) range in half-wave resonators (low frequency), where the acoustic pressure doubles, allows you to get high-quality (monodisperse and finely dispersed) and a saturated emulsion that has maximum resistance . A simplified variant of the ultrasonic disperser in emulsification mode is shown in FIG. 5. In this device minimized the internal volume of the fluid treated, which is fundamentally important when installing these devices on the diesel engines of trucks and buses, because Before turning off the engine for a long time, it is necessary to transfer its power to clean fuel so that the emulsion does not stand in during the parking time and water would appear in the non-partition phase, which is unacceptable for diesel fuel equipment. This requires an excerpt in time until the entire residue of the emulsion in the fuel lines is being spent, the amount of which is determined by the internal volume of the dispersant. The operating conditions of such diesel engines (water and dirt entering) make the installation of high-frequency emitters 22 from the inside of the resonant membrane 8 and the passage of the processed fluid inside the vibrator in the pipes 23. In this case, the internal sloping gap 14 is performed by half-wave at high frequency to reduce the load on high-frequency emitters 22 and doubling acoustic pressure at high frequency in a slotted gap 14. To power the ship diesel engines, heat and boiler houses are used heavy fuel, which to improve spraying is heated to temperatures close to 100 o C. In these cases, the ultrasonic dispersant shown in figs .6, where for thermal insulation of piezoceramics from hot fuel uses through tube 25 with reflectors 26 at the ends, sealed with rubber sealing rings 27. This design protects the piezoceramics 4 from the threat of overheating and depolarization. In some cases, when particularly severe fuel are used, for their homogenization and the preparation of emulsion, there is not enough simple treatment, as in FIG. 6. In such cases, the device shown in FIG. 7, where the processed fluid passes sequentially eight cavitation zones with a delay in each cavitation zone (slotted clearance 14) due to the flow of the processed fluid for deepening in the form of the spiral of the Archimedes. In this device, two half-wave cylindrical nozzles 28 are used, which form a single oscillatory system with a vibrator. The processed fluid in this device flows through the tubes 25 through eight slit gaps, flowing from the vibrator to nozzles 28 (and vice versa) through the ring gaps 11 formed by couplings 29 with clamping nuts 30. The tightness of such a compound is provided by rubber sealing rings 31. This dispersant is very promising In the cracking process with primary oil refining to increase the release of light fuels. It is obvious that the above-described variants of ultrasonic transit-type dispersants do not exhaust the entire gamma of possible combinations of their designs. This new area of \u200b\u200bultrasound equipment is only beginning to develop and has a big perspective in a wide variety of industries.

Claim

1. Ultrasonic transductor of a flowchart comprising a piezo-converter, reinforced with a stilette with an axial hole, with two symmetrically and coaxially located hubs, made at the same time with lining and axial holes, characterized in that the hubs are made with a variable internal cross section, at the output ends of the hubs are detachable and acoustically Resonant membranes are rigidly fixed, near which they are formed with slot gaps, and on the side surface of the resonant membranes at the level of their flat inner surface there are concentric flowing holes overlooking ring glands. The ultrasonic dispersant according to claim 1, characterized in that the slotted gaps on both working surfaces of the resonant membranes are made using sound transparent diaphragms with axial holes located near the working planes of resonant membranes and in parallel. The ultrasonic dispersant according to claim 2, characterized in that the slotted gaps are formed with acoustically rigid reflectors, acoustically unleashed from the hubs and hermetically fixed on the ends of the axial tubes for leakage of the fluid being processed. The ultrasonic dispersant according to claim 2, characterized in that the slotted clearances are formed due to high-frequency ultrasonic emitters, hermetically fixed on the ends of the axial tubes for leakage of the fluid treated and acoustically unleashed from hub. Ultrasonic dispersant according to claim 2, characterized in that the free spaces inside the oscillating system are filled with cavitation activator.6. The ultrasonic dispersant according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the surface of sound transparent diaphragms or reflectors from the resonance membranes is made in the form of a flat spiral groove from the center to the periphery. 7. The ultrasonic dispersant according to claim 2, characterized in that the focusing devices with reflectors in the form of paraboloids of rotation and focal spots located near the input and focal stains located near the input and focal spots, located near the input and outlet holes, coaxially and symmetrically arranged. A ultrasonic dispersant according to claim 3, characterized in that at the entrance and outlet of the piezopraverter acoustically rigidly and coaxially fixed cylindrical half-wave nozzles with resonant membranes on the ends, axial tubes and reflectors equipped with transient couplings for leaking fluid being processed. Ultrasonic dispersant according to claim 2, characterized in that half-wave resonators are located at the input and output of the device.

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General

Ultrasonic dispersants of the WSDS series are intended for dispersion, emulsification, intensification of dissolution and other physicochemical processes; purification and degreasing products of accurate mechanics, optics, dishes, medical instruments, jewelry, clothing elements, etc.; Extraction of medicinal substances from raw materials of vegetable and animal origin without heating; the preparation of objects from crystalline, powdered, fibrous and other substances and applying them to the substrate film with an electron microscopic method of research in biology, chemistry, medicine, mineralogy, metal and other areas of science and technology; bactericidal (preservation) fluid treatment and items immersed in it; experimental work on the study of ultrasound impact on various processes.
Ultrasound dispersants can be used in automotive, aviation, electronic, hour, jewelry, pharmacological, instrument-making, metallurgical, electrical and other industries, as well as in archeology, medicine and agriculture. They have a number of advantages over traditional methods and allow: minimize application manual labor; reduce the time of such processes as extraction, dispersion, cleaning, chemical reactions; produce clean and degreasing without the use of organic solvents; Clean the hard-to-reach areas of products and delete all kinds of contaminants.

Legend structure

UDD-X / 22 UHL4:
Utz - ultrasonic dispersant;
X - modification number;
X - electrical power supplied to the emitter, kW;
22 - operating frequency, kHz;
UHL4 - climatic performance and category of placement on GOST
15150-69.

Operating conditions

The ambient temperature is from 10 to 35 ° C.
Relative humidity of air to 80% at a temperature of 25 ° C.
Environmentnot containing vapors of acids, alkali and conductive dust, causing corrosion of metal parts and destroying electrical insulation.
The safety conditions of the dispersant should be provided by the consumer enterprise in accordance with the applicable "safety regulations during the operation of consumer electrical installations."

Specifications

The main technical data is shown in the table.

Name of parameter The value of the parameter for type dispersants
UDP1-0.063 / 22. UDP1-0.1 / 22. UDS1-0.4 / 22. UDD1-1.0 / 22. WSD1-1.6 / 22. USD1-4.0 / 22.

Power supplied to the emitter, kW

 0,063 0,1 0,4 1,0 1,6 4,0

Power consumed from the network, in · a, no more

 100 120 850 2000 3200 7600

Power supply voltage, in

 220 220/380

Current frequency, Hz

 50

Operating frequency, kHz

 22
0,5 3 5 8 15

Warranty period - 1 year from the date of entering the dispersant in operation. Warranty applies to equipment while consuming operating conditions.

Ultrasonic dispersant (Fig. 1-6) consists of an ultrasonic transistor generator and an oscillatory system, made on the basis of either a piezoceramic converter (WSD1-0,0,23 / 22, UDD1-0.1 / 22), or magnetostrictive (USD1-0.4 / 22 , UDP1-1.0 / 22, UDP1-1.6 / 22).

General view and overall dimensions of ultrasonic dispersant WSD1-0.063 / 22

General view and overall dimensions of ultrasound dispersant UDP1-0.1 / 22

General view and overall dimensions of ultrasonic dispersant UDZ-0.4 / 22

General view and overall dimensions of ultrasonic dispersant UDP1-1.0 / 22

General view and overall dimensions of ultrasound dispersant UDS1-1,6 / 22

General view and overall dimensions of ultra-solente dispersant USD1-4.0 / 22
The principle of operation for all dispersants is the same. By setting the oscillatory system on a tripod or holding in the hand, immersed the end of its emitting waveguide into the fluid processed.
When the power switch is turned on, the supply voltage will go on an ultrasonic generator that converts electric energy industrial frequency in the energy of ultrasonic frequency. The oscillatory system, in turn, converts this energy into mechanical and transmits it by means of a radiating waveguide into the liquid. The mechanical energy propagating in the liquid medium causes a cavitation process, accompanied by the formation and "slamming" of cavitation bubbles, as well as intense fluid flows, which in turn provides effective mixing of the technological environment.
At the request of the customer, ultrasonic dispersants can be equipped with autonomous water cooling system and a tripod. The package includes: an ultrasonic generator, a oscillatory system, a zip kit, a set of operational documentation.

Ultrasonic dispersant The flow type can be used for homogenization of liquid mixtures, heavy fuels, milk, preparation of food emulsions, suspensions, etc. It allows you to significantly increase the cavitation treatment of fluid, and also have good energy performance. In addition, the dispersant flower can be successfully used for cavitation processing of hot liquids.

Ultrasonic dispersant - what makes it?

This installation consists of piezagreverter With overlays, resonant membranes, focusing systems, cavitation activators, half-wave nozzles and additional high-frequency emitters.

Essence of work ultrasonic dispersant The flow type is reduced to the following. All fluid processed minimum flows on the initiating surface of the vibrator and near solid surfaces. The active component of the radiation is intentionally increasing, and the vibrator itself is optimally coordinated with the load.

Also known models in which additional positive effects can be achieved by passing the working fluid through two focal spots, which are at the input and output of the device, as well as through two half-wave resonators. Other features that allow you to improve the efficiency of functioning ultrasonic dispersant Flow-type, the double imposition of high-frequency sound oscillations on the working medium and the thermal insulation of the vibrator with a hot liquid piezoceramic.

 

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