OCD world beginning of human history presentation. Presentation on the topic "the beginning of the history of mankind." II. opening talk

"Ancient man" - Polis community. ARISTOTLE "Man is for the polis, not the polis for man." Body and soul abstraction is part of the cosmos. Individualization. Images of the world and man in antiquity. Communal-tribal structures. Protecting the interests of an individual (individual). Mixed form of government = ancient ideal + +.

"Ancient Man" - Sudan. The earliest man was very much like a monkey. 2. The oldest tools. Lesson plan. In a word, animal-like features prevailed in the appearance of the most ancient people. For example, in East Africa. The gait of people was still not quite straight, jumping. People didn't know how to talk yet. 3. How did the ancient people hunt?

"Ancient Civilizations" - Establish a connection between the properties of metals and the culture of ancient civilizations. Bronze. The production of iron products was mastered. Objectives of the work: The use of metal, both in ancient civilizations and in modern world. Among the Egyptians, Assyrians, Phoenicians, Etruscans, bronze casting reached significant development.

"Ancient World" - Gou npo rme "professional lyceum No. 23". Lesson Objective: Test yourself. Bronze Age. Assyria. The main stages of the lesson: Iron Age. Palestine. Ancient civilizations of Western Asia: Mesopotamia. Checklist. Terms: PRIMARY MAGIC Animism Totemism Fetishism Taboo. Babylon. Phoenicia. Lesson. Periods of primitive history: Stone Age.

"Primitive people" - Neanderthal tools. 300-40 thousand years ago. Rock painting. 30 thousand years ago and later. According to the remains of skulls, bones, tools, excavations of ancient dwellings. Neanderthal hunting. Neanderthal and Cro-Magnon. Australopithecus - Lucy. 3-4 million years ago. Neanderthals - life in a cave. 300-40 thousand years ago.

"Shamans" - Hat. Rock paintings of shamans. Shaman clothing different peoples. Beaters. Suspension. Drawings of shamans. Necklace. Shaman jacket. Bib. Work on NQF history. Drawings on a tambourine. Cheyre - shaman's cane. Mallet. Shoes. Tambourine.

Total in the topic 22 presentations

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Slide text: History - the science of the past The first historian Stages of human development Primitive history Australopithecus Skillful man Pithecanthropus Neanderthal Cro-Magnon Man Tools Mastering fire Culture


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Slide text: 1. A person excavating. 2. An institution that collects, preserves and exhibits objects of history. 3. Institution where documents are kept. 4. An item on display in a museum. 5. Table with a list of all days in a year. 6. Science that studies the past of mankind. 7. Business paper. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 o c u m e n t


Slide text: He is called the "father of history." Almost two and a half thousand years have passed since a Greek named Herodotus first introduced people to his scientific work. He called his work "History"


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Slide text: 5 thousand BC e. 5th c. AD 15th c. AD 1900 3.5 million years ago


Slide text: Why is the most ancient era in the history of mankind called primitive?


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Slide text: Archaeological excavations show that the first people appeared in East Africa. WHY? Here, the Englishman Evans discovered the remains of Australopithecus (southern man), who lived about 5 million years ago

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Slide text: Australopithecus ki - (3 million years ago) southern monkeys, the bones of which were first discovered in the Kalahari Desert (South Africa) in 1924. Australopithecus is considered to be all bipedal monkeys, with a brain volume of up to 880 cm³. Little different from animals. They ate carrion, dug up the roots. They could move in a straightened state, hold a stone, a stick in their hands.

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Slide text: Find the distinguishing features of Australopithecus from modern man

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Slide text: By what signs can you determine that these are Australopithecus?

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Slide text: Scientists call ancient people who used tools Homo habilis - “handy man” - 2.5 million years ago. Them appearance changed a lot - the volume of the skull increased, the front jaw decreased, the hairline on the body began to disappear. Haven't been able to speak yet. Signals were given by shouts and gestures.

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Slide text: Over time, ancient people changed their place of residence. If the Australopithecus lived in trees (Why?), then the habilis began to build their own dwellings. Sometimes they drove wild animals out of the caves and settled them. People lived in herds. Why?

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Slide text: Piteka ntrop ("Javanese man", ape man, "straight man") - about 400-600 thousand years ago. He learned how to make stone tools - scrapers, axes, chisels. He began to use fire, to cook food on fire. Used group hunting.

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Slide text: By what signs can you determine that this is a Pithecanthropus?

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Slide text: NEANDERTHAL - "reasonable man", Homo sapiens. Skeletal remains of Neanderthals have been discovered in Europe, Asia and Africa. The time of existence is 250 thousand years ago. They improved the tools of Pithecanthropes, wore clothes made of skins and knew how to build simple dwellings, learned how to make fire. They began to bury the dead, took care of the younger and weak.

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Slide text: By what signs can you determine that these are Neanderthals?

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Slide text: Cro-Magnon - 40 thousand years ago. The volume of the brain is 1200-1500 cm³. Height is about 180 cm. They lived in communities of 15-30 people and for the first time in history they created settlements. Dwellings were caves, tents made of skins, in Eastern Europe dugouts meet. They spoke, made stone and bone tools, painted on the walls.

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Slide text: By what signs can you determine that these are Cro-Magnons?

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Slide text: He had a developed articulate speech, built dwellings, dressed in clothes from skins, pottery was developed. They lived in a tribal society, began to tame animals and engage in agriculture. Numerous finds testify to the presence of a hunting cult. The figurines of animals were pierced with arrows, thus killing the beast. The Cro-Magnon man not only knew how to engrave and draw on a plane, but also learned how to convey three-dimensional images. The Cro-Magnons had funeral rites. Household items, food, jewelry were placed in the grave. The dead were sprinkled with blood-red ocher, a net was put on their hair, bracelets were put on their hands, flat stones were placed on their faces and buried in a bent position (knees touching the chin).

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Slide text: Fish hooks

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Slide text: Who did what?

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Slide text: Initially, people took fire from trees that caught fire after being hit by lightning. He was strictly followed, and if the fire went out, then the perpetrators were expelled. This method of obtaining fire was very unreliable and people began to look for how to get a flame without depending on nature.

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Slide text: The use of fire has changed people's lives. Why? The most important consequence was the consumption of boiled or fried food. This led to a sharp jump in the mental development of man. In a short time, after mastering the fire, ancient man acquired a modern look.

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Slide text: Choose the correct answer The ancient people who lived in South Africa were called First, the ancient people lived ... The first fire, the ancient people got ... pithecanthropes Homo habilis australopithecines on trees in caves in huts hitting stones with rubbing sticks from forest fires


What is history? History is science, which studies how various peoples lived, what events took place in their lives, how and why people's lives changed and became the way they are now. History is a science that studies how various peoples lived, what events took place in their lives, how and why people's lives changed and became the way they are now.


"Father of history" History in Greek means "research, story about the events of the past." History in translation from Greek means "research, a story about the events of the past." Almost 2.5 years ago a Greek named Geradot first introduced people to his scientific work "History" Almost 2.5 years ago a Greek named Geradot first introduced people to his scientific work "History"








The most ancient man The most ancient man looked like a large ape. The earliest man looked like a large ape. The man's hands hung down to his knees, and he could perform simple actions with them. The man's hands hung down to his knees, and he could perform simple actions with them.


Ancient Man Foreheads were low and sloping. The foreheads were low and sloping. Their brains were larger than those of a monkey, but smaller than those of modern humans. Their brains were larger than those of a monkey, but smaller than those of modern humans. The ancient man could not speak, he made jerky sounds. The ancient man could not speak, he made jerky sounds.

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What is history and what does it study?

  • History is the science of the past.
  • History studies how various peoples lived, what events took place.

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    Almost 2.5 thousand years have passed since the Greek named Herodotus first introduced people to his scientific work "History". He became the first scientist-historian. We call him the "Father of History".

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    Epochs of history

    Scientists divide the history of mankind into several large eras.

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    The first and longest was primitive history. The people who lived then were called primitive. There is still no exact answer when they appeared on Earth. Most scientists believe that the oldest people appeared over 2 million years ago.

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    How did people find out about primitive people?

    Archaeologists excavate, extract from the earth the things of ancient people, their bones. Scientists believe that the oldest people, whose "traces" were found in Africa and Asia, lived more than a million years ago. Based on the remains of the skeletons of the most ancient people, it was possible to establish how they looked.

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    The most ancient man was very different from the modern one, he looked like a large monkey, but walked on two legs. The arms were long and hung down to the knees. The foreheads were low and sloping. The ancient man could not yet speak, he made only a few jerky sounds, with which people expressed anger and fear, called for help and warned each other of danger.

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    Ancient people lived where it was always warm. Therefore, they did not need to take care of warm clothes. It was impossible to cope with the difficulties of life alone, so people lived together, in groups, helping each other.

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    Most of the time of primitive people went in search of food. Women and children plucked fruits from trees, found edible roots, searched for eggs of birds and turtles. And the men hunted for meat. At that time, mammoths lived on earth.

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    Already at that time there was primitive art. Images of animals - bulls, horses, mammoths - were found on the walls in the depths of the caves. Primitive people portrayed animals, since the life of people depended on the successful hunting of these animals.

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    The drawings are located in the depths of the caves in complete darkness. Primitive artists could not do without lighting. Obviously, they used torches or "lamps" - stone ladles filled with fat, which burns well.

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    Primitive history lasted hundreds of thousands of years. During this time, people settled on all continents except Antarctica. They appeared on the territory of our country about half a million years ago.

    PRESENTATION "BEGINNING OF THE HISTORY OF HUMANITY"

    Performed:

    primary school teacher

    MBOU Buturlinovskaya secondary school

    Ustimenko Yu.A.


    Ancient Greek historian Herodotus

    Almost 2.5 thousand years ago, a Greek scientist named Herodotus first introduced people to his scientific work, which he called "HISTORY"


    HISTORY OF HUMANITY:

    primeval history

    Ancient world history

    History of the Middle Ages

    History of the New Age

    History of modern times



    PRIMIAL WORLD

    Today at the lesson we Let's talk about the ancient world About the life of our distant ancestors, Let's talk about their setup.

    How they lived in stone caves And they went for prey. And in the evenings by the fire They cut a stick for a spear.

    Gathered fruits and roots Caught fish for food How they guarded Holy fire from trouble!


    PRIMIAL WORLD

    In the distant stone age A man lived in a cave. He got his own food And guarded the hearth from the beast.

    Every day he went hunting, he sewed clothes from the skin. And in the evening by the fire Repaired the tip of the spear. Gathered roots, fruits And the fire protected from trouble.


    Ancient people (Neanderthals) lived not only in areas with a warm climate, but also in harsh conditions. Ancient people knew how not only to maintain, but also to make fire. In a warm climate, they settled along the banks of rivers, under the canopies of rocks.

    In the cold - in caves that were conquered from cave bears, lions, hyenas. The cave, in which the fire burned, reliably protected both from the cold and from the attacks of predatory animals.


    THE LIFE OF THE PRIMARY PEOPLE

    Ancient man was engaged in hunting, gathering, farming, fishing, keeping fire.


    Stone is the basis of all human culture.

    A spark flew out of the stone, which ignited a bright flame that led a person out of the darkness of primitive times.

    The stone was the first helper of man and the first symbol of his power, his first working tool and formidable weapon.

    With the help of stone, man began to conquer the world.


    Find the distinguishing features of a primitive person from a more modern one.

    The man who lived forty thousand years ago

    A man who lived about a million years ago


    PRIMARY MAN CHANGED OVER THE CENTURIES

    Man differs from animals: straightening of the figure, an increase in the brain substance, a decrease in the facial region, the development of movements and individual fingers, the unification of human ancestors in a primitive society, thinking.

    This process is called humanization.


    The emergence of people of the modern physical type (Homo sapiens), who replaced the ancient people, occurred relatively recently, about 50 thousand years ago. Remains of fossil humans modern type found in Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia. In the grotto of Cro-Magnon in France, several skeletons of people of this type were discovered at once. According to the place of discovery of fossil people of the modern type are called Cro-Magnons. In our country, unique finds of these people were made about Voronezh and Vladimir.


    DRAWINGS OF ANCIENT MAN

    SECRET RITE IN THE CAVE

    THE HUNT OF THE PRIMARY MAN


    SUMMING UP

    1) Where did ancient people settle?

    2) What animals did they conquer the caves from?

    3) What scared wild animals away?

    4) When does a person become a person?

    5) What are people of the modern physical type called?

    6) What were the first tools made of?

    • The mainland on which the first sites were discovered

    ancient people?

    • A hunting tool that appeared in the very first species

    ancient people.

    • Divide the activities of people into 2 groups: gathering,

    hunting, farming, handicraft, fishing, fire keeping,

    trade, cattle breeding. Select occupations of ancient people

     

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