Coconut filter for water. Coconut activated carbon prices. The main differences between drainage pipes with a coconut filter from other products

Charcoal filters can be found today both in city apartments and in dachas and in factories.

The activated carbon included in the filter equipment is nothing more than a mixture of charcoal and a number of other components that contain high concentrations carbon.

Coal retains both large organic particles and small molecules. The use of coal devices in a private house allows you to purify water from rust, unpleasant odors and taste, as well as various organic contaminants.

It should be borne in mind that coal cannot cope with metal ions, radioactive elements.

There are various carbon cartridge filters on the market today. Coal can be powdered, granular, or compressed.

Granular carbon cartridges are characterized by higher sorption properties.
Powder cartridges have a larger working area, so the liquid flows more slowly.
The carbon block is pressed from different types coal. The porous structure eliminates the likelihood of washing out small coal particles.

The following can be used as a sorption material:

granular aluminum silicate - characterized by fast filtration, absorbs suspended colloidal particles,
activated carbon - eliminates bacteria and chlorine odor,
coconut charcoal - effective in combating water color, odors, organic matter and chlorine,
coal - eliminates phenols, pesticides,
natural zeolite - removes heavy metals, is heat-resistant,
copper zinc - filters out suspended particles, suitable for water purification of any temperature.

The methods for producing coal are different, but they all involve obtaining a filter material with a large number of pores. Coal production is carried out at high temperatures and using various impregnating solutions.

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The quality of the material is determined by the size of its pores:

micropores up to 2 nanometers (coal from coconut shells meets these requirements),
mesopores from 2 to 50 nanometers (obtained from coal),
macropores from 50 nanometers (made from charcoal).

Large pores are optimal for removing large organic particles, while small pores are optimal for trapping chemicals. The iodine index and hardness of the substance also help determine the activity of coal. These data are laid down in the calculations when assessing the resistance of the material during the passage of the water flow. If the hardness is insufficient, coal particles will accumulate in the water.

Operating principle

Let's consider in more detail the features of automatic equipment. Coconut charcoal is used as a filter element, which does not require additional bedding.

It is cleaned by the reverse flow of liquid.

The filter is a plastic case with a compartment for the sorbent.
A distribution bottle is located inside.
Water flows through the filter element from top to bottom, while all impurities enter the drain during backwashing.
To remove coal dust and air, the cylinder is filled with water. No chemicals are used for flushing.

For effective cleaning water, the time of its contact with coal should be at least five minutes.

The advantages of this equipment include:

effective - up to 99% removal of organic compounds, including chlorine, benzene and phenol,
fast regeneration - about half an hour,
improving the taste and smell of water,
ease of use.

Disadvantages of equipment:

low resource of cartridges,
due to the low wettability, the risk of bacterial growth remains.

How to change the carbon filter and how long is its service life

To replace the carbon cartridge you need:

Shut off the water supply.
Unscrew the lower part of the filter using the valve supplied with the equipment (do not forget to relieve pressure, otherwise it will be difficult to unscrew).
Remove the old cartridge, rinse or replace the rubber seals.
Pour the remaining water out of the flask; if necessary, rinse it without detergents.
Place a new cartridge in the flask.
Tighten the flask with a wrench until it stops.
Open the water supply and make sure everything is working properly.

The life of a charcoal filter depends on the quality of the water and usually ranges from three to six months. During this time, the filter is able to pass through itself up to 450 liters of water. A coconut cleaner will last up to 9 months, and automatic systems can even last up to two years.

How much does a good carbon filter for water purification from a well cost

Prices for carbon filters for water fluctuate significantly and depend on the complexity of the device and the popularity of the manufacturer.

On average, the cost of a quality device starts at 20,000 rubles. The equipment should be selected individually based on the characteristics of the water in a specific area. To do this, it is necessary to perform a water analysis in advance in order to select the right filter elements.

In order for the equipment to serve for a long time, you must remember the following important points:

compliance of the water pressure with that indicated on the packaging by the manufacturer,
activated carbon cannot be used for hot water purification,
the filter must be easily accessible for replacing cartridges,
it is important to consider draining into the drainage system so that contaminated water can pass through without difficulty during the backwash procedure.

With proper maintenance and regular replacement of the cartridges, the carbon filter will perform well for a long time.

When installing equipment at the site of the drainage system, it is important that the filtering elements of the structure correspond to the conditions of their operation in a particular environment. For clay or loamy soils, drainage pipes in the coconut filter are considered ideal, which have high moisture permeability and are practically not subject to internal pollution. Thanks to high-quality protective material, drainage throughout long term will not need cleaning.

The main differences between drainage pipes with a coconut filter from other products

Used as a drainage filter, coconut coir, in comparison with thermally bonded geotextiles, has a number of significant advantages:

the unique 3D structure of the material practically eliminates siltation, since it prevents soil particles of different sizes from entering the system;
during installation works no additional filling with crushed stone is required;
drainage pipes with a coconut filter used for water drainage have increased resistance to the effects of chemicals and temperature extremes;
coconut fiber significantly improves drainage hydraulic properties;
the material of natural origin, the density of which is 700 g / m², is absolutely safe from an environmental point of view.

Photos of drainage pipes in the coconut coir filter:

The filter element in the coconut drain is a dense fiber obtained by separating its bundles from coconut nuts, which are subsequently processed properly. The finished material has a porous structure and is able to withstand significant loads.

Some consumers from the number of private developers mistakenly believe that the geotextile filter element used in drainage systems is an analogue of coconut drainage. However, it should be noted that throughput geotextiles start at 450 microns, while for coconut coir this coefficient is 700 microns. This allows such products to be used on completely different types of soil.

Features of the installation of drainage pipes in the coconut filter

The first step in laying drainage pipes with a coconut filter is to prepare a trench. In this case, the surface must be thoroughly cleaned of construction debris. Then a twenty-centimeter layer of coarse sand is poured. In order for the pipes to perform their main function without interruption, they should be laid below the depth of freezing of the earth. The surface of the drainage elements with a coconut filter should also be covered with a layer of sand.

Please note: when preparing the trench, first of all, the outer diameter of the pipe is taken into account. However, experts recommend calculating the dimensions so that there is an indent of at least 20 cm on each side.

Drainage pipes with coconut filter at an affordable cost

In the range of products offered by our company, you will find products with different parameters. You can buy coconut drainage from us, the outer diameter of the pipes of which is 63, 90, 110 or 200 mm. In this case, the corrugated surface of the products, as well as the dimensions of the water inlet openings made in the factory, provide for the fastest possible drainage of the water accumulating in the area.

Since we are dealing with well-established production, the price of drainage pipes coconut filter purchased from SDS is quite acceptable not only for construction organizations but also for individuals. All products are supplied complete, which greatly facilitates the transportation of materials and saves time during the installation process.

Often, producers of coconut coal, in pursuit of profit, achieve a low cost of the cost of coal, entrust their production small firms, where in fact there is no industrial, but exclusively manual labor... Unfortunately, this leads to the fact that the quality even in one batch of goods can radically differ from each other.

Premium coal is made in modern factories with closed automated cycle where manual labor is minimized and, accordingly, the human factor does not affect the quality of the product. Compliance with high technologies allows all subsequent batches of goods to be made with the same quality, so as not to lose the trust of their fans and regular customers.

Cocobrico charcoal is 100% natural charcoal produced from coconut shells.

What is the difference between coconut hookah charcoal and charcoal?

For true hookah lovers, for those who work in hookah establishments and hookah connoisseurs, high-quality coal is always of great importance. It is not surprising that the characteristics of coal directly affect the convenience of use, the duration of burning, the heat transfer, the taste and smell of smoke emitted during the ignition of coal and the smell emitted when smoking a hookah. Therefore, experts in the hookah business always give preference to always natural coals, which include wood coals, and we especially pay attention to coconut charcoal for kalyan. It is due to the quality of their wonderful qualities that a good hookah can be prepared. When using a natural product such as charcoal, you will never taste an unpleasant aftertaste. But he is far from the present coconut charcoal for hookah - the quality characteristics of the latter are much better than those of their woody counterpart.

What is coconut hookah charcoal?

Coconut charcoal- a real innovative find. A special technology for processing coconut shells allows you to achieve high performance intensity of heat transfer and prolonged smoldering. Coconut charcoal is made in the form of a pillow, which is very practical - it does not roll off the cup and greatly facilitates the process of kindling. He also leaves behind a little ash.

Only real coconut charcoal, produced from exotic coconut flakes, is able to satisfy the high demands of avid hookah lovers. This kind coal is completely devoid of smoke and smell, and only in the process of smoking tobacco slightly noticeably adds an exotic aroma to it.

Separately, mention should be made of the significant efficiency of coconut coal - its burning lasts several times longer than that of other hookah coals. When ignited, it does not spark, which is important for enclosed spaces.

Coconut charcoal for hookah successfully increases the army of its fans. If you have not yet appreciated its wonderful qualities, hurry up to do it soon. Our store will help you fulfill your aesthetic and practical aspirations.

Varieties of coal for hookahs can be roughly divided into two groups. The first group includes natural charcoal for hookahs, which require heating on a flame or electric stove. For a different kind of hookah coals, special turbo lighters or gas-burners

The main benefits of coconut charcoal are:

burning time up to 1 hour 20 minutes;
a large amount of heat emitted;
small amount of ash;
practically absent smell during ignition;
high-quality compact packaging.

Cocobrico coal environmentally friendly premium class coal. Manufactured in Indonesia. Cocobrico on the this moment in Russia it is the most popular coal for hookah, both in hookah establishments and among private hookah lovers.

Coal is supplied to Russia in two packages - 1 kg and 250 g. The package contains cubes of equal size (96 - large, 108 - large, 24 - small). Thanks to this, Cocobrico does not need to be additionally "broken" before lighting, as it had to be done earlier with other brands of hookah charcoal. Coal cubes are very dense, do not crumble when ignited and smoked. After fully warming up, Cocobrico charcoal does not emit foreign odors, it gives an even heat throughout the entire smoking period. For smoking on a standard, 16-gram cup, 2-3 cubes of coal are enough, and the third cube should be used on such a cup only 20-25 minutes after the start of smoking. These 3 cubes will be enough to completely smoke a cup of Fakher reference hookah tobacco in 1 hour and 20 minutes.

Coconut coal has a large adsorption capacity and a narrow particle size distribution.

Of course, not the one that is intended for lighting a hookah, but all the same

Coconut charcoal, used in balloon-type sorption filters, as well as cartridge filters. Filters of this type are used for "finishing" water purification - improving the organoleptic qualities of water (reducing turbidity, odor), and also as "interceptors" of oxidants used at earlier stages of water treatment.

Coal 207C is used:

for drinking water purification
for the removal of organochlorine, ozone, trihalomethanes
for vodka purification
for water purification in technological processes
for industrial wastewater treatment
for air purification and ventilation emissions
for the recovery of low molecular weight solvents.

Production and composition of hookah charcoal

The principle of making the material for chilim ignition is very simple: the raw material is ground until a homogeneous consistency is obtained, then it is dried in a special chamber under the influence of high temperature. The resulting product is mixed with a binder and compressed. A part of saltpeter or dry alcohol is added to self-igniting coal. Charcoal is usually shaped into small cubes.

Raw materials used in production

The characteristics of the finished product largely depend on the quality of the feedstock. Hookah charcoal manufacturers may add the following ingredients to their product:

Coconut shell;
Dried vine;
Olive fruit pits;
Walnut shells.

A separate variety is the so-called. "Self-igniting" charcoal, which is formed into tablets. In addition to carbon chips and a binder, this product contains a flammable ingredient.

Self-igniting charcoal is often used when smoking a hookah outdoors. However, it should be noted that this material has significant disadvantages. First, sparks and smoke are generated during the initial firing up. Secondly, in the process of smoking, there is a distinct taste of saltpeter, which spoils the aroma of the tobacco mixture.

Coal shape

Modern production of coal for hookah can offer the consumer products of various shapes - in the form of pyramids, blocks, square pieces. Coal is produced in the form of tablets, and even triangular bars. There are silver-plated coals that allow the hookah-maker not to get his hands dirty. The shape of the charcoal has no effect on burn-off time or other material characteristics.

Cocobrico charcoal made from natural coconut shells, produced in the form of cubes, is in stable consumer demand. It has the following advantages:

Enough fast time ignition;
Lack of foreign taste and smell;
Continuous burning;
Competitive cost.

To light the tobacco mixture in a large cup, 2-3 cubes of Cocobrico charcoal are enough. If you cover the coal with a cap, then the burning time reaches 50 minutes (without a cap - up to 1.5 hours).

Hookah charcoal, Moscow, Hookah Mir.

What is coconut charcoal for and how is it made?

Coal obtained from coconut shells is used in various branches of human activity due to its unique properties. Its production can be carried out in many ways, but the most popular for industrial applications is the method of pyrolysis - combustion in special charcoal kilns at high temperatures (up to 1000 ° C) without air access.

If air is not restricted, oxygen can break the shell. To obtain a high-quality sorbent, completely dried, clean and natural coconut shells are used.

After heat treatment, the material is crushed using special equipment to form various fractions. This method makes it possible to obtain an environmentally friendly microporous sorbent from sustainable natural resources that does not emit toxic gases during combustion, which makes it safe to use in various industries (in cooking, metallurgy).

Areas of use

The drug is actively used for purification, separation and extraction of various substances in industry and medicine. Also, the material is needed as a fuel for cooking, as it is odorless and does not change the taste of food. It is also used to cleanse alcoholic beverages from fusel oils. Coconut-based charcoal makes these products safe due to the extraction of harmful tannins, and also completely transparent.

In addition, the use of a sorbent in the production of alcoholic beverages makes it possible to accelerate the oxidation process, thereby reducing the aging period. Also, when reacting with alcohol, ethers are formed, which improve the taste and aroma indicators of alcoholic beverages.

Activated carbon is used in winemaking and brewing, as well as for the preparation of stronger long-term drinks (whiskey, cognac, moonshine, etc.). It is used in the manufacture of tobacco products (cigarettes with a charcoal filter) and as a load in filters for household and industrial purposes to purify water from chlorine, its compounds and residual oxidants. The activated material is not suitable for hookah; for this purpose, an unactivated sorbent should be used.

In addition, the drug is used for:

Water treatment (industrial water, municipal water supply, swimming pools).
Production of alcoholic beverages (beer, wine, spirits), cleaning them from fusel oils.
Extraction of gold and other metals from solutions and pulps.
Manufacturing of tobacco products.
Adjustments for odors and tastes in the food industry.
Chemical industry, etc.

Moscow, coal, Hookah Mir.

Usage of various kinds filtering devices are the main method of obtaining clean drinking water, with the most common systems containing coal. A consumer who is independently engaged in water purification from a communal water main or an individual source of water supply (well, well) is useful to know for effective use that cleans the carbon water filter, its types and applications.

The use of charcoal for has been known since ancient times, even now folk craftsmen, in order to save financial resources, make similar coal cleaning filters on their own. It is also difficult to imagine modern water treatment filters without the presence of carbon fillers, they are used both independently and as part of various types of filter systems.

The work of coal as a filtering element is based on its sorption qualities - the ability to absorb various components from water due to its porous structure. By the nature of the binding of substances in the aqueous medium (sorbates), activated carbon belongs to adsorbents - substances that concentrate sorbate at the interface between phases (the interface between the solid surface of coal particles and liquid) or absorb it with its surface layer. That is, coal differs from materials that absorb various substances from the aqueous medium and distribute them throughout the volume (this effect is called absorption).

Due to the adsorptive qualities of coal, that is, the concentration of harmful substances on the surface, it becomes clear how many carbon filters work, which use the technology of periodic cleaning and restoration of the original state of the contaminated carbon-containing filler by flushing with a strong backflow of water.

In contrast to the technology of ancient and independently produced filters with coal, in modern devices for water purification, activated carbon is used - a porous component obtained by the method of special processing of carbon-containing materials: charcoal, coal, coke from oil refining, coconut shells. After processing, the material receives a huge number of pores, its surface area increases in the same proportion. Depending on the technological process of coal activation, 1 gram of the substance has an area of 500 to 2200 square meters - this significantly increases its adsorption qualities in comparison with ordinary untreated coal material.

In addition to the adsorption process, due to which coal removes polluting components from water, when it interacts with certain substances, a chemical reaction occurs - catalytic oxidation.

As a result, such oxidative reaction free chlorine is converted to hydrochloric acid, which is then neutralized by the bicarbonate alkalinity of the water. The considered process of chlorine elimination is called dechlorination, while activated carbon does not decompose and is not consumed.

Thus, the strong oxidants chlorine and chloramine contained in water, getting into the activated carbon medium, are removed from it due to catalytic oxidation, while other organic and inorganic components are absorbed when the adsorption mechanism is triggered.

Peculiarities

Although tap water in utility networks meets most of the requirements of state standards (GOST), sanitary norms and rules (SanPiN), higher international standards make it unsuitable for drinking in a wide range of parameters. The use of charcoal filters can provide health benefits by eliminating the following negative properties of water or significantly reducing the concentration of the following types of contaminants:

Free chlorine... A substance harmful to health, impairing the smell and taste of water, is contained in it as a result of disinfection used to exterminate a large number of various types of pathogens and bacteria. Chlorine-containing components are removed by catalytic oxidation.

Organic... These types of pollution are present in the water due to the ingress of organic decay products of living organisms, their waste products, are adsorbed during filtration.

Organochlorine compounds... As a result of complex chemical reactions of free chlorine with organic matter present in water (human and animal waste, decay products of living organisms), organic compounds, very harmful to human health, are formed - trihalomethanes, which include chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane and tribromomethane. They accumulate in vital organs (liver, kidneys) and can cause cancer due to their high carcinogenic properties.

Petroleum products and inorganic compounds... Carbon filters, due to adsorption, effectively absorb gasoline, fuel oil, phenols, benzenes from water. Cleaning reduces oxidation levels, the concentration of radionuclides, ammonia, nitrates, pesticides, epoxides and their derivatives in water.

Smells and smack... A carbon filter for water purification, together with the elimination of chlorine, adsorption of insoluble, lime, bacteria and microorganisms, improves its taste and eliminates the odors of chlorine and mud.

Chromaticity... Coal absorbs organic and clayey suspensions, green algae, insoluble ferric iron, which gives the aquatic environment a reddish tint - these factors contribute to a decrease in color and an increase in water transparency.

Types of coal used

The raw materials for the production of activated carbon are natural materials, they are first charred and then subjected to an activation procedure. The essence of the technical process is to open microscopic pores, closed in an ordinary coal. Activation is carried out by a thermochemical method, impregnating the coal mass with potassium carbonate, zinc chloride or other solutions, after which it is subjected to heat treatment without the presence of air.

The second method of coal activation is its treatment with superheated steam, carbon dioxide or their mixture at a temperature of 800 - 850 ° C. Since it is difficult to obtain a vaporous medium from water with such temperature parameters, a technology is practiced with an additional supply of air to the working area, while part of the processed coal burns out, which significantly reduces the yield of the activated component.

The technology makes it possible to obtain the specific surface area of the best brands of activated carbon from 1800 to 2200 square meters per 1 g of substance. The pores themselves are divided into the following categories according to their diameter:

Macro- have a diameter of more than 50 nanometers (nm), pores of this size are typical for activated carbon backfills based on wood raw materials.
Meso- pores ranging in size from 2 to 50 nm, are present in an overwhelming amount in the activated composition obtained from coal.
Micro- pores with a diameter of less than 2 nm are located in activated carbon obtained from coconut shells.

The following materials are used as raw materials for the production of activated carbon:

Wood, it is charred without air access, and then activated. The coal with large pores obtained from it is used for dechlorination of water and its rough purification at the preliminary stage at the entrance of the water supply into the house, in self-made treatment devices.
Hard coal or bituminous coal after activation, it is able to trap pesticides, phenols, clarify and rid water of chlorine and its odor.
Coconut shell... The activated carbon obtained from this material is used in most water filtration systems. Due to the small pores and, accordingly, the large working surface, the component activated from the charred coconut shell is able to absorb from the aquatic environment a significant amount and a wide range of elements that are harmful to human health.

Additional components of charcoal filters

In addition to activated carbon, the following additional components are often used in filters:

Synthetic fibers. Synthetic materials are used in filter cartridges as elements of mechanical water purification (discs at the cartridge inlet) from large insoluble impurities, preventing their penetration into the coal mass and clogging of its channels. Also, filters made of synthetic porous materials are placed at the outlet of the cartridges for additional treatment, retaining the backfill and preventing it from entering the water.

In some filter systems (Aquaphor), the carbon backfill is mixed with synthetic fibers, which seal its structure and maintain its shape. As a result, a dense mass of activated carbon more effectively cleans the water flow from harmful impurities.

Zeolites- natural minerals, hydrated calcium and sodium aluminosilicates, reminiscent of outward appearance cloudy glass or mother-of-pearl, known for their ability to absorb and release water depending on conditions environment... Another distinctive feature of zeolites is the ability to cation and ion exchange through the absorption and release of various substances by their surface structure.

Shungite- (slate) Precambrian rock, 99% carbon, strongly resembles graphite in structure. The mineral has been known for a long time as an excellent natural water purifier, miraculous healing properties were attributed to shungite water sources in the time of Peter the Great, and soldiers were recommended to carry a shungite stone with them on campaigns and purify water with it. Currently, shungite is known as a mineral with high absorbent (sorption) and catalytic properties, moreover, it is an excellent antioxidant.

Ion exchange resin It is used to soften water, in appearance it resembles small fish eggs with a diameter of no more than 1 mm of brown, yellow, dark colors. The resin exchanges ions with salts of water-soluble metal oxides (calcium, magnesium, iron, manganese), as a result of which they adhere to the surface of round granules. When sodium chloride (NaCl) salts are added to the water, the regeneration process takes place, the salts of harmful metals are separated from the surface of the ion-exchange resin balls and washed off into the sewer.

Antibacterial additives. To combat the multiplication of microbes and bacteria, disinfect water, silver ions are often added to carbon filters in the form of small gray balls.

Quartz fine gravel... It is used as a supporting backfill, which allows the flow to pass uniformly when the water to be purified passes through the carbon layer; it is used in large-sized carbon-containing systems for the purification of large volumes of water.

High purity zinc and copper... These substances are part of one of the latest patented innovative developments - the KDF (Kinetic Degreadation Fluxion) filter bed, which has a higher productivity and a degree of water purification from harmful impurities in comparison with traditional fillers. In addition to metals, KDF contains activated carbon and ion exchange resins.

What filters use coal in their composition

When purifying water to a drinking state, the following factors are taken into account. Usually chlorinated water is supplied to apartments by utilities, while the amount of harmful elements contained in it is normalized. To combat chlorine and metal salts, if water is used for drinking purposes, ineffective options for settling or boiling water can be used.

But given that carbon filters do an excellent job with chlorine, their use in this case will bring a more pronounced effect, save time for dechlorination. Therefore, for water purification only for drinking from communal water mains, most consumers use small-volume carbon-containing filters.

If autonomous or well sources are organized on an individual site, other filtration systems will be needed. Often, water enters the house from shallow water layers, which include wells or. In this case, there is a high probability of contaminated surface waters, various types of microorganisms and microbes, organic impurities entering the water basin, while the water itself usually has a small amount of metal salts, which impart hardness to it, impairing color and taste.

In this case, the use of water-purifying carbon-containing filters, not only for drinking, but also for domestic use, is the best solution, and many users install large-volume containers with coal for purification work.

A charcoal filter for water purification, if it is used in an individual area with clean water, usually having only a high content of metal salts from harmful elements, is not so necessary. In the treatment systems of artesian wells, mainly installations for deferrization are used, and coal filtration is used for additional treatment.

Jug filter cartridge Barrier - device

Pitcher

The simplest and most popular type of water purification filters for public water supply networks at home is a device in the form of a jug with a replaceable cartridge. A sorption cartridge in a pitcher-type filter in urban water supply conditions, according to users, is usually enough to receive potable water for a family of three for a month.

The filling of cartridges from different manufacturers may differ not only in composition, but also in the quantitative ratio of various components.

Most of the cartridges from well-known manufacturers (Aquaphor, Brita, Barrier, New Key) are filled with activated carbon obtained from roasted coconut, balls with ionic silver are added to fight microbes, and ion-exchange resin is used to soften the water.

Note: Thus, household pitcher filters remove chlorine from water, partially remove metal salts and adsorb insoluble particles of other pollutants.

Flow-through pitcher filter - backfill, construction

Flowing

A flow-through charcoal filter is installed in the cold water mains in the form of a nozzle on the tap, under the sink in the pipeline, or used in a separate jug with an outlet spout (Rodnik) connected to the cold water main. The composition of these cartridges is slightly different from the jug modifications, since water is supplied under pressure, the performance of such systems and the degree of purification is slightly higher than that of gravity devices.

Trunk

Reusable carbon-containing ones are installed in individual water supply systems of private houses. Structurally, they are made in a glass-shaped body, inside which a tubular cartridge with a filler is placed. The body is sealed with a threaded cover and a gasket with two holes at the top for connection to the water main.

Water enters the filter through the inlet and, after cleaning, is directed to the consumer. In the lower part of the glass there is a valve for backwashing the carbon filler of the cartridge from contamination.

Trunk Carbon Cartridge - Construction

Reverse osmosis plants

The principle of water purification in reverse osmosis systems (popular brands of such installations are Bosfor, Agua, Geyser, Barrier, Atoll) consists in feeding liquid through a thin-walled membrane with ultra-small pores under pressure, as a result, distilled water without metal salts is obtained at the outlet, which cannot be achieved in one of the considered carbon filters.

For effective work Reverse osmosis installations should receive the most purified water at the inlet, therefore, in a standard system, three flow filters are used for its purification, in two of which the main component is activated carbon.

The following types of fillers for carbon-containing filters are used in obratoosmatic units:

Granular Activated Carbon (GAC)... The component made from burnt coconut shells effectively cleans water from organic matter, pesticide, chlorine contaminants, viral and bacterial organisms, removes extraneous odors. The useful area of 1 g of this substance reaches 1000 square meters.

Granular coal with KDF (GAC-KDF)... The additional presence of KDF components in the backfill makes it possible to effectively remove from the water, in addition to biological, hydrogen sulphide, pesticide, phenolic, benzene contaminants, also heavy mercury, cadmium, lead, ferrous metal salts.

Pressed activated carbon from SHS coconuts (carbon block)... Compressed high-quality coal is a sorption filter that perfectly removes organics, chlorine compounds, petroleum products, pesticides from flowing water. After cleaning, the foreign smell is eliminated and the taste of the water is improved.

Balloon type

Carbon filters of significant volumes are used for water purification on an industrial scale and utilities to a large number of consumers. Their main structural element is a container with a lid, made of food-grade high-pressure polyethylene, fiberglass.

The lid contains nozzles for supplying and removing filtered water, a drain pipe, and a control unit that automatically sets the operating modes for cleaning the system, which allows you to restore the original state of the carbon filler. The backfill is an activated carbon and a gravel substrate of purified and etched quartz with a fraction size of 2 - 5 mm, the purpose of gravel is a uniform distribution of the water flow.

When the sorption filter is operating, water enters the container through the inlet pipe and passes through the activated carbon filler from top to bottom, then it enters the water-lifting pipe with a filter basket at the end, lowered into the gravel backfill, and is sent through it to the consumer through the outlet pipe in the lid.

In the flushing mode, high-pressure water is supplied in the opposite direction: down the riser pipe through the filter basket and gravel backfill, agitates the activated carbon layer and is discharged outside through the drainage pipe. At the end of the backwash, the loosened activated carbon layer is compacted by direct flushing, passing water for a short time at a high speed from top to bottom and letting it down into the drain. Thanks to the washing procedures, the resource of the carbon bedding in sorption filters reaches one to two years.

Homemade

To save financial resources, many consumers of water resources make a simple effective carbon filter for water with their own hands using technology developed many centuries ago on different continents. To do this, a slot is made at the top of a 6-liter bottle for filling the filtering components, a number of small holes are drilled in the cork and closed from the inside with cotton pads.

Then, crushed activated charcoal (obtained by steaming fired raw materials), its larger fractions, fine and coarse-grained river sand are poured into the bottle. A water bottle with a charcoal filter can be useful on a long hike if you have to collect dirty, muddy water from a stream or other source, then filter and boil it.

Pros and cons

The use of carbon filters has the following advantages and disadvantages:

When water is purified from chlorine by coal, a catalytic chemical reaction occurs automatically, while the coal fraction is practically not consumed - this property of coal makes it an indispensable component in the dichlorination of water.
Although activated carbon removes a wide range of harmful impurities from water, it cannot adsorb lead, mercury, cadmium, ferrous salts of heavy metals in traditional filter systems. This disadvantage eliminated in modern KDF backfills with copper and zinc, which have not yet found widespread use in cartridges for popular jugs.
The average service life of replacement jug cartridges is limited to two months, after which the cleaning efficiency will be lost and it will need to be replaced. This leads to financial costs, which can be quite significant for some families. In sorption filters, you also have to change the backfill after 1 - 2 years, because of its large volume, the cost of buying new activated carbon can significantly hit the family budget.

Activated carbon filters are classified as effective and cost-effective methods of water purification from a wide range of harmful impurities, especially chlorine. After passing through the carbon-containing backfill, all of its organoleptic characteristics are significantly improved. In many purification systems, carbon filtration is an additional unit for preliminary or final water purification.

Activated carbon is used for water purification, and in a wide variety of installations, in a variety of cases. The most primitive device based on it is a homemade filter. Hunters and fishermen often build a simple structure from coal, cotton wool, sand and plastic bottle to purify moisture in field conditions.

Coal is used at water treatment plants to remove impurities from liquid and improve its taste. These are places where a huge volume of water is purified, intended for supply to the population. Of course, coal-based devices are large-scale, sophisticated and modern.

Also activated carbon is used in the field of purification Wastewater, i.e. liquids from enterprises, settlements, or precipitation. It is used as part of the physico-chemical purification stage.

But we decided to devote this article to activated carbon, which was adopted by some manufacturers of household water filters, namely, coal obtained from coconut shells. Why did the manufacturers like this material? For which filters can you buy water cartridges based on this substance? Read about this and much more in this article.

How is regular coal different from coconut, and what is it used for in water treatment?

Conventional activated carbon is obtained most often from oak, spruce, birch, pine. It certainly has excellent sorption properties, it is used for water purification, in the production of medicines, and for other purposes. However, coconut charcoal is more efficient, more environmentally friendly, and safer.

Due to its structure, this material has improved sorption capabilities, i.e. provides much better water purification in comparison with conventional coal. This is due to the fact that the coconut version has a larger total area of all filter pores. This is what the manufacturers of water purification equipment liked. Activated coconut charcoal is used to:

reduce the concentration of chlorine and chloride compounds in water,
reduce the concentration of organic compounds in water,
improve the taste of water,
remove extraneous odors from the water.

Not surprisingly, most often the main filter material in household filters is coconut activated carbon. On its basis, cartridges are made for jug, flow-through devices, they are part of reverse osmosis systems. Coal can be in granular form and pressed (carbon block technology).

Also the company "Aquaphor" has developed and patented a fibrous material made on the basis of activated carbon - Aqualen.

What are the functions of activated carbon cartridges in filters?

If we talk about simpler household filters, for example, jug filters, then the task of the cartridge is very, very important - to remove the maximum amount of impurities from the water. After all, there are no other cleaning elements in the device anymore. Flow systems, for example, Geyser filters, usually purify water with several cartridges. One, for example, is made of coal, and the other is based on ion exchange resin to soften moisture.

Also, cartridges, which include coconut shell charcoal, are part of classic reverse osmosis systems. There they are needed in order to:

prevent damage to the reverse osmosis membrane by chlorine and its compounds,
improve the taste of the water leaving the system after being in the storage tank.

Reverse osmosis filters Atoll, Geyser, Atlantic are equipped with the most reliable and efficient cartridges based on high quality, specially activated coconut carbon. By purchasing products from these manufacturers, you can be sure that the device will work reliably.

Conclusion.

Coal made from coconut allows you to achieve a high level of sorption water purification. It is used in modern household filters for purifying life-giving moisture. On its basis, cartridges are produced for a variety of devices.

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