You are here: "Disinfector" and "Medical Disinfector": what are the similarities and differences? Does the profession "Disinfector" refer to professions with harmful working conditions? Profession disinfector harmfulness

There are not so few representatives of this profession in St. Petersburg. Only JSC Station for Preventive Disinfection (SPD) has about 350 employees, most of whom are medical disinfectors. By the way, this organization is the oldest in the city: it traces its history back to 1911.

The work of medical disinfectors usually remains behind the scenes. They work in the same place where rats live: in secluded places hidden from human eyes. Immediately it is worth recalling that the fight against hordes of rats is not for the sake of sporting interest. And not even because the rodents eat and spoil tons of food, often "feast on" electrical wiring. The main danger is the infectious diseases they carry. Leptospirosis, plague, tularemia, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and others - the list is quite impressive, and ailments can even end in death.

“Therefore, work with newcomers begins with taking care of their health,” says one of the most experienced staff SPD – doctor-disinfectologist the highest category, candidate of biological sciences Yury Kachalov. - Medical disinfectors are vaccinated, there are protective equipment - a gown and gloves are required. If not baits are used, but poisonous substances are used to pollinate holes, then a mask is put on.

A somewhat frivolous attitude towards the "rat-catchers" immediately disappears when you find out how serious professional training those who go on the "warpath" with rodents. The presence of a secondary or higher medical education is required here. In addition, specialists regularly (every 3-5 years, depending on the position) take advanced training courses at the Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, at the St. I. I. Mechnikov, at the Moscow Research Institute of Disinfectology.

All over the world, this profession is taken very seriously. In Germany, for example, you need to study for a “rat catcher” for three years, then get a license, a certificate, and every 3-5 years, confirm to the municipality your professional suitability with specific results in the assigned area.

It's not easy to get them. Only one figure: the offspring from a pair of rats in three years can reach a million (!) individuals. The average fecundity of the female is 7-9 cubs in each brood, then the number of rodents increases exponentially.

- To lime rats and mice, you need to deprive them of access to food and water, - says Yuri Kachalov. - For this, sanitary and technical measures are being taken. The first includes the timely removal of waste, cleaning the building and territory. Technical - this is the serviceability of doors and windows, sealing cracks in the house. If all this is done perfectly, then 97 percent protection can be guaranteed. The remaining 3% - for all sorts of accidents. For example, mice were brought into one of the respectable hotels along with boxes of food, and into the kitchen of a respectable restaurant a rat slipped through the door to the stairs, which were left open for only a few seconds.

"Lawlessness" is canceled

Each medical disinfector is assigned areas with a certain number of objects, where they work until “complete victory”. And the sooner you find the "enemy", the easier it is to lime.

“There are methods that allow you to identify rodents,” the medical disinfector, who introduced himself as Mikhail, shared with me. - Often, the residents of the house do not even suspect that unwanted neighbors have appeared next to them. No wonder: rats are nocturnal, twilight animals, they are not so easy to see when the number is small. Usually we organize control platforms - traces of night guests are immediately visible on the talcum coating. Then we find out where they specifically live, what they eat. After that, deratization is carried out - the extermination of rodents.

I could not resist the tricky question: “Is it really impossible to expel the same rats on your own: buy poison and sprinkle it?”.

“We do not encourage amateur performance,” Mikhail replied. “Not because we are afraid of being unemployed. The fact is that it is easy for a non-professional to make a mistake - not everything is as simple as it seems at first glance. Firstly, rats are very cunning and cautious animals: they often ignore such a “setup”. Secondly, the so-called scout rats are sent first - they will try and test the proposed "yummy" on themselves. If something is wrong, no one from the flock will eat. Again, for example, you assume that you have one rat under the floor, and there are five of them. As a result, this company conscientiously eats your poison and nothing will happen to them - the dose is insufficient. There is no result, but rats are already developing immunity - then it is more difficult to fight them ...

What keeps people in this job? After all, the salary, albeit a decent one, is by no means the highest. And yes, it's pretty hard work.

“Although it sounds a bit grandiloquent, but first of all, the consciousness that you bring real benefit,” says Yuri Kachalov. “People are grateful: before our arrival, there was a “rat chaos” on the territory, and suddenly everything was quiet. Over the years, the excitement of fighting a worthy opponent comes to some. After all, even catching rats (they are needed for the vivarium) can be brought to the level of art.

... What is the peculiarity of the war with rats? It has no winners. Success is a relative concept. For example, in Budapest in the 80s of the twentieth century, they launched a massive attack on rodents: they allocated huge funds, connected everyone and everything. The result pleased only in the first months after this assault, and a year later the rat population not only restored its numbers, but also increased even more. Conclusion? You must bet on permanent job on deratization, support of professionals. It's both safer and cheaper.

Petr NIKOLAEV
vacancy.ru

Do you think you are Russian? Born in the USSR and think that you are Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian? No. This is not true.

You are actually Russian, Ukrainian or Belarusian. But you think you are a Jew.

Game? Wrong word. Right word"imprinting".

A newborn associates himself with those facial features that he observes immediately after birth. This natural mechanism is characteristic of most living beings with vision.

Newborns in the USSR for the first few days saw their mother for a minimum of feeding time, and most of the time they saw the faces of the maternity hospital staff. By a strange coincidence, they were (and still are) mostly Jewish. Reception is wild in its essence and effectiveness.

All your childhood you wondered why you live surrounded by non-native people. Rare Jews on your path could do anything with you, because you were drawn to them, while others were repelled. Yes, even now they can.

You cannot fix this - imprinting is one-time and for life. It is difficult to understand, the instinct took shape when you were still very far from being able to formulate. From that moment, no words or details have been preserved. Only facial features remained in the depths of memory. Those traits that you consider your family.

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System and Observer

Let us define a system as an object whose existence is not in doubt.

An observer of a system is an object that is not a part of the system it observes, that is, it determines its existence, including through factors independent of the system.

From the point of view of the system, the observer is a source of chaos - both control actions and the consequences of observational measurements that do not have a causal relationship with the system.

An internal observer is a potentially achievable object for the system in relation to which the inversion of the observation and control channels is possible.

An external observer is even an object potentially unattainable for the system, located beyond the event horizon of the system (spatial and temporal).

Hypothesis #1. All-seeing eye

Let's assume that our universe is a system and it has an external observer. Then observational measurements can take place, for example, with the help of "gravitational radiation" penetrating the universe from all sides from the outside. The capture cross section of "gravitational radiation" is proportional to the mass of the object, and the projection of the "shadow" from this capture onto another object is perceived as an attractive force. It will be proportional to the product of the masses of objects and inversely proportional to the distance between them, which determines the density of the "shadow".

The capture of "gravitational radiation" by an object increases its randomness and is perceived by us as a passage of time. An object that is opaque to "gravitational radiation", the capture cross section of which is larger than the geometric size, looks like a black hole inside the universe.

Hypothesis #2. Internal Observer

It is possible that our universe is watching itself. For example, using pairs of quantum entangled particles spaced apart in space as standards. Then the space between them is saturated with the probability of the existence of the process that generated these particles, which reaches its maximum density at the intersection of the trajectories of these particles. The existence of these particles also means the absence of a sufficiently large capture cross section on the trajectories of objects capable of absorbing these particles. The remaining assumptions remain the same as for the first hypothesis, except:

Time flow

External observation of an object approaching the event horizon of a black hole, if the “outside observer” is the determining factor of time in the universe, will slow down exactly twice - the shadow from the black hole will block exactly half of the possible trajectories of “gravitational radiation”. If the determining factor is the "internal observer", then the shadow will block the entire trajectory of interaction and the flow of time for an object falling into a black hole will completely stop for a view from the outside.

Also, the possibility of combining these hypotheses in one proportion or another is not excluded.

We understand the legislation: “who”, “what”, “according to what regulatory document”.

Very often, we, vocational training specialists, are asked questions related to two concepts: disinfector and medical disinfector. Many do not see any difference between them. Let's consider questions from the field of these concepts - what refers to the "myths" and what to the "reality" of legislation. And who is responsible for what?

Terms related to disinfection activities (disinfection business), thanks to the development of the Internet, are now being discussed in the most mobile modern part information network. Let's try to systematize our knowledge of the law Russian Federation in terms of labor law, ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population and education, we will correlate this with rumors and conjectures. And also define the meaning of familiar words "profession", "position", "qualification". Often misunderstanding arises from the fact that these concepts are confused or interpreted arbitrarily.

SO, WHO IS A "MEDICAL DISINFECTOR"?

Within the United qualification handbook positions of managers, specialists and employees (hereinafter - CEN) we find " Qualification characteristics positions of workers in the field of healthcare", which were introduced by order N 541n of July 23, 2010 of the Ministry of Health and social development Russian Federation.

Let's take a closer look at section I - "General Provisions":

* In paragraph 2 "Qualification characteristics ... serve as the basis for the development of job descriptions containing a specific list of job responsibilities, taking into account the characteristics of the work of employees medical organizations ».

This means that in this document we are talking about positions in organizations subordinate to the Ministry of Health.

Conclusion 1: A position is a job associated with the performance of certain duties in an organization (at an enterprise), this is not a profession.

employer in accordance with normative documents according to the activities of the enterprise, it independently determines whether the employee can hold a certain position in the organization, whether his competence and educational level are sufficient to perform duties. Qualification is the level of preparedness to perform the functions defined by the job regulations. This is a manifestation of your professional merit in the workplace.

For example, within the framework of the same order and with regards to the disinfection activities of interest to us, we will consider the positions:

By job description in institutions subordinate to the Ministry of Health, a zoologist or entomologist "organizes and conducts preventive measures (deratization, disinsection). Conducts an expert identification of the types of main vectors and carriers of natural focal diseases."

Defined qualification requirements: higher professional education in the specialty "Zoology", "Biology" without presenting requirements for work experience.

We see that these specialties have a rather indirect relation to medicine, in other matters, as well as the specialty "Chemist".

In section IV of the same order - "Junior positions medical personnel"we find another position, the sphere of activity we are discussing:

Instructor-disinfector The order lists official duties and relationships with superiors official. Instructor-disinfector "Carries out work under the guidance of a disinfectant, biologist, zoologist, entomologist to carry out disinfection, disinfestation and deratization measures. Determines the scope, methodology and means of disinfection, disinsection and deratization of objects."

The following qualification requirements: secondary vocational education in the specialty "Medical and preventive business" and a certificate of a specialist in the specialty "Disinfection business" without presenting requirements for work experience.

Indeed, the applicant for such a position must have medical education, which is expressly stated in the normative act. We also note that today the Federal Law of December 29, 2012 N 273-FZ "On Education in the Russian Federation" does not provide for the concept of "certificate" as a document confirming qualifications.

Now we have come to Medical disinfector. In the same section IV, which lists the positions of junior medical personnel official duties The "Medical Disinfector" is defined by the functions of carrying out work under the guidance of a disinfectologist, biologist, zoologist, entomologist, bacteriologist, virologist.

Medical the disinfector must:

prepare disinfectant solutions, preparations, baits, inventory, equipment, laboratory glassware etc. for carrying out works on disinsection, disinfection and deratization;
conduct "acceptance, accounting, storage and distribution of pesticides and products for the preparation of baits in accordance with the requirements of the instructions";
timely hand over unused disinfectants and materials at the end of work in the prescribed manner;
check the quality and serviceability of protective equipment: gas masks, overalls, inventory, etc.;
take measures to comply with the rules for safe work with harmful substances when performing disinfection, disinfestation and deratization works;
draw up primary accounting and reporting documentation.

We look carefullyqualification requirements:"Secondary vocational education in the profile of the work performed without presenting requirements for work experience or secondary (complete) general education and additional training in the direction professional activity at least 3 months without presenting requirements for work experience.

And we see, in comparison with the requirements for the qualification of "Instructor-disinfector", medical education is not indicated directly.

Conclusion 2: Thus, having a general (full) education and having received the profession "Disinfector" at the courses (with an additional course for organizations subordinate to the Ministry of Health for a period of 3 months), you can successfully hold such a position in a medical institution.

But if you choose a position not in a medical institution, then you can complete a course in the profession "Disinfector" faster. See study dates

WHAT IS THE PROFESSION "DISINFECTOR" THEN?

Profession "Disinfector" in All-Russian classifier professions of workers, positions of employees and tariff categories(Resolution of the State Standard of the Russian Federation of December 26, 1994 N 367) is under the code 11806 in issue 1 and refers to the “Professions of workers, common to all sectors of the national economy"(and not only for medical organizations), the OKZ code for the Disinfector profession is 5139 - these are employees providing individual services and employees of related professions who are not included in other groups.

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