RCC report with economic effect examples. How to make a rationalization offer? What can there be innovation offers

Fifty innovation offers

Around 1956, there were already 50 racks on my account. I can not say that all of them were very valuable, but all concerned new types of tools to obtain threads or improved the technology of making various tools. And I thought that my tools could be useful not only in our factory. But how to introduce them in other enterprises, I had no idea about this.

Here are some of my rationalization offersWhich, as it turned out, they became useful for many engineering plants of our country.

Method for manufacturing measurement colangu. In many modern machines, there are various nodes, the feed in which is carried out by the movement of the piston in the cylinder - the usual hydraulic compound.

In order for such compounds to be reliable and acted correctly, it is necessary that the gap between the cylinder and the piston operating in the oil medium was 5-7 microns. Such is the theoretically informed task set by the designer.

And how in practice, in the manufacture of these systems, the gap of 5-7 microns was guaranteed? Yes, no way or just "on the probe"!

Looking at B. mechanical shops To the technique of finishing the piston and the inner surface of the cylinder, I made smooth calibers for the closers every 2 microns so that they can accurately measure the inner diameter of the cylinder and have at least some kind of reference. But such calibers are, of course, a primitive. After all, the cylinder could have an ellipse or barrelness in 2-4 microns, which are no caliber forby.

Our supplies purchased pneumatic longs - rotamers and four-sick chutes plant design "Caliber". Judging by advertising and passport, both instruments guaranteed the accuracy of the measurements of internal diameters to 0.001 mm. It was all that modern measuring equipment created for internal measurements with an accuracy of one micron. But both devices did not fit in our factory. The fact is that many cylinders had in the walls of the hole and use the pneumatic caliber for their measurement it was impossible - the air went into these holes.

Four-haired chuters were also not suitable, as they limited the depth of measuring 30-40 millimeters, and we needed to measure cylinders much longer. In addition, the balls were often wade into the cylinder holes, and then it was very difficult to pull the nutrometer from the cylinder. With such measurers, any microns had nothing to think.

Control Master N. S. Petrov proposed a new device - a collet nutromer to measure deep holes with an accuracy of 0.001 mm. The theoretically, the device provided the required accuracy, did not require a laying of specially purified compressed air, did not stock in the side openings of the cylinder, it was very portable: it was possible that it was called "wearing a micron in your pocket." He was needed by very many plants.

Nikolai Sergeevich Petrov turned to many instrumental sets of various factories, and went to the Kalibr plant with a request to make at least one experienced instance of its device. And everywhere specialists denied him, saying that it is impossible to make from metal on paper. He lamented with his nutromer for several years. And finally, the drawing of the gutomer once fell to me.

Everything in this device was simply, with the exception of one detail - the measurement collet. In order to guarantee the measurement accuracy in one micron, this collet must be made, naturally, with even greater accuracy! None, even with supreme hands, it is impossible to achieve such accuracy with a complex configuration. It was necessary to find such a technology at which all elements of the collet would be correct.

Cangovy nutrometer inventor N.S. Petrov

I decided to try to create the manufacturing technology of the Merrative Canggometer. Half a year worked out this technology. Then six months later I brought it to the work on the machine. Finally, in a year, these measurement colts began to make my students. And in two years, the collet norter has already appeared on many instrument plants.

The most complicated in the manufacture of the measurement collet - make a deep accurate cone with an angle of 52 ° 48 '

I was not invited to the plants more than once to show the process of manufacturing measurement colang. So, the need for this device did not disappear and at present. However, the leaders of the Kalibr plant, apparently defending the honor of the uniform, categorically abandoned the mass production of the collet nutromer Petrova - "Alien" the brainchild! Therefore, and now in a number of factories make gutomers for themselves on their own, and the instruments of the "Calibr" plant are avoided. The "Calibr" plant created and produces a lot of very complex devices and an elone tool, but with a gorter of great accuracy he was lucky.

The collet nutromer works by comparing with the setting of a specified size on the reference ring. In some cases, the size can be installed on the end-measure block (not lower than the 3rd discharge), clamped into the measurement clamp. The device can be checked with an accuracy of 0.001 mm of a hole in a depth of 150 mm, and with the diameter of the opening over 25 mm - and deeper. With the same accuracy, you can check the taper and ellipsence of the hole for all its depth.

The collet chute consists of a micrometer with a division of 0.001 mm; the housing in which the rod moves; Merial collet and ball. Tsangs are replaceable, with a graduation along the outer diameter through each millimeter. The smallest diameter measured by the device is 6 mm, the largest - 52 mm. By design, the device is very simple.

The most complex in the manufacture of the measurement collet is the preparation of a deep accurate cone with an angle of 52 ° 48 'with the purity of processing on the 11th class. It is no less difficult and it is important to perform an external ellipse with very accurate radius, as well as achieve the strict concentricity of the cone elements, the ellipse and the radius surface.

The angle of the cone inside the collet is calculated mathematically, it ensures the movement of a rod per micron when the outer diameter of the measurement of the collet is accurately per micron. For the proper manufacture of collet, it is primarily necessary to correctly perform all the preliminary operations, since without this, even the most careful finishing can not achieve the desired accuracy of the device.

Many of my innovation offers relate to the cutting tool. Of these, you want to introduce readers with changes technology manufacturing taps and dies Required on each engineering factory and are produced in the USSR tens of thousands.

Technology manufacturing testers is well known:

1) workpiece,

2) cutting thread (under the threadlifting or clean in size),

3) milling grooves,

4) heat treatment,

5) threadlifting (if the thread is cut with a sanding with a grinding),

6) sharpening.

The first (draft) taps and taps with a complex shaped thread profile are usually cut in the raw form. Such a technology there are many decades, and even now many tools will make round eyes if they say that it must be changed. And it is necessary to change this technology! I suggested only to change the sequence of two operations, and this turned out to be enough to make it possible to carry out the rules of the turner by 1000%. A thousand percent - it sounds implausible, but there is no exaggeration here.

Take for example the taps with a shaped round thread, which on most plants are cut immediately in the size of the raw form (such a carving is used in firework devices and in fittings).

Normally, on the cutting of a round thread of the tap with a diameter of 20 mm in a step of 3 mm and a 50 mm cutting length was supposed to be 29 minutes in our factory - as they say, do not really get together! After all, it is necessary to withstand the size of two radii, the outer and internal, diameter of the thread, and it is still necessary to keep the purity of the thread surfaces within the 7th grade.

Cut the round threads is difficult even because the chips stick to the threaded comb all over the profile, and this inevitably entails nadras and breakdown on the outer radius of the thread. To avoid nadirov, we cut the taps with a comb, squeezed into the spring holder, but it did not always help.

I changed the second and third operations in places: I proposed the milling of the grooves to do on the workpiece, and cut into the thread then.

And the masters and technologists, of course, stared at me and became in vain to prove that, they say, cutting will go to the blow, will give the ridge, and the spring holder with the comb will be all the time "nod"!

However, I insisted on my own and on the first part of the same part of 100 pieces performed the norm by 1000%: I had 2.9 minutes for the manufacture of each tap. And there was no miracle here, theoretically, everything was justified and comprehended in advance. First of all, I abandoned the spring holder, and the comb cleaned the rigid bar with a hole under the bolt. Such a tough holder no "nods" did not give when cutting on a blow.

When cutting, the old method on the threads often obtained nadir, and to avoid them, it was necessary to work at low speeds. With a new way (cutting to the blow), I increased the speed of 10 times and, essentially, cutting "to the blow", as such, did not become: when rubbed threads, the chips were merged into a solid short tape.

What did Nadira on the thread obtained with the old method? Due to chips, sticking on the comb. With a new method, such a chip sticking has ceased to itself. The chips, of course, nalipped still, but now, before the cutting began, each feather of the tap broke the chips from the comb.

Subsequently, I all analyzed all this when, putting the machine for small revs, examined the work of the comb with a new method under the magnifying glass. At the same time, changing technology, I was guided only by intuition and extensive experience in cutting all sorts of threads on a wide variety of cutting and measurement tools.

First, some threaders and mechanics tried against the new technology. But the advantage of the new method was so obvious that soon all the threaders began to demand that the taps with pre-milling grooves were allowed to cut.

After two or three weeks, I came sharpeners to thank. "How easily and quickly began to sharpen taps!" - they said. I understood them perfectly: earlier, when the grooves of taps were milled after cutting the thread, the milling cutter was raised into the threads of big burrs, and the sharpening accounted for the abrasive circle to remove the metal from each pen in order to derive these burrs. Now the burrs disappeared, and the sharpening went 3 times faster.

The new technology began to use threadbills, manufacturing taps with conventional metric threads: the draft tags began to cut "to the blow" immediately in size, the chisty was cut off "to blow" with a bundle under the threadlifting.

Soon I heard gratitude and from the threadedovers, which, to admit, did not expect. It would seem that there is not all equal to the threadholder when the pre-thread was sliced \u200b\u200b- to the milling of grooves or after milling. It turned out - not all the same. The threaded flower gets an abrasive circle into the thread of the thread "on the spark" - "Chirknet" on one side of the profile, will see a spark and notice this moment on the longitudinal stroke indicator, then the circle will take a circle to the other side of the profile before receiving the same spark. Saw on the indicator, as from one side of the profile to another, and divides this value in half. After that, put the threaded circle exactly in the middle (on the indicator) and begins to grind the thread profile - he is sure that he got into a thread in the middle.

With the previous method, the spark was obtained from contact with a grinding circle with a burr, remaining inside the thread profile after milling, and not with the profile plane. Therefore, the threaded circle did not always fall exactly in the middle of the thread thread, the working grinding only one side of the thread, and the other remained black - and the tap was married.

Now the burrs did not become, the spark was obtained only from the touch of the circle to the very plane of the thread, and the hit in the thread was always accurate. The marriage completely stopped.

A few words about the fulfillment of norms per 1000% when sliced \u200b\u200bchisty taps with round carvings.

Of course, only one permutation of the order of operations could not give such a high result. Here pretty important role Different little things played, the use of which allowed without fuss, but quickly and confidently produce two operations - a slit (sprinkling) of the profile and finishing thread cutting.

Each operation was spent on average one and a half minutes. Such "trifles" includes how I already said, the refusal of the spring holder, carbide (not rotating) rear center, kerification (mark) of one of the sides of the square of the tester under the hose and others.

With a simple (steel) rear center, it would be impossible to increase the cutting speed of 10 times - it would have burned down. The rotating center does not give stability and sufficient rigidity when cutting "to blow", the product would vibrate. The use of the carbide center all eliminated.

Marking one side of the square of the tier made it possible to clamp a clamp always in one place, which saved the turner from the need to fall into the thread thread after sprinkling the pure comb. It was enough to get into the thread for the first time - and the remaining 99 tips no longer needed this operation.

The use of similar trifles in a complex with a new technology and allowed even now, when it would seem, everything is already taken into account and calculated, to fulfill the norm by 1000%.

As for the application of new technology for the manufacture of round dies, then in this case a significant effect was obtained.

By conventional cutting technology internal thread It was slow, since with a continuous chips, the danger of the appearance of nadir on the threads of the dice was even greater than when cutting out the outer thread. According to I proposed technology in round ds. At first, the windows are drilled first, then the hole is cleaned under the cutting, then remove the head on the feathers of the dice on both sides and only after that they cut the thread.

So I began to cut the dies from size 24? 1.5 and 24? 2 and reached the size of 100? 2. Cutting conducted "to blow" at high speed with a constant "stitching" chips sticking on the ridge teeth. The thread was 2 times faster and clean, without the slightest nadres.

In addition to improving performance on the operation of the thread cutting, some other advantages of the new method were revealed: some other advantages of the new method were identified: the need for the manufacture of uterine testers on each dice size; It became an unnecessary surgery of the dice swallow by royalties for the removal of burrs in the thread was liquidated by a marriage on the thread, which arose during the threads of the threaded by the royal tank.

Of course, as well as when cutting testers, all these successes did not come by themselves, only from the permutation of operations in technology. For the inner comb, it was necessary to make high rigidity holders, and the rigs themselves for cutting with a new method began to do with a large diameter shank. In addition, the comb for cutting dies, I proposed to do not with the usual profile, but with a cone in the middle diameter, while conventional threaded combs have a thread profile chopped over a cylinder with a cone through the outer diameter.

In conventional comb, only one last tooth works assert, which is quickly blinking, and the comb often has to drag. With a certain corner of the cone, various for different thread steps, each tooth of the upgraded comb cuts up to the whole profile and removes a very small chips, which protects the tool from blurred and provides light shavings. This comb with four teeth removes the metal layer with a depth of 0.2 mm in diameter.

Profile ordinary (a) and improved (c) comb cutting

Previously, the threaders were often thinking - to drive a dipper after drilling windows or not to drive? If you drive, it means to risk a rash, as it is not always possible to immediately get into the thread thread by the toll (especially with a large diameter). And immediately did not get - the dice goes married. If you do not drive, then the sharpeners will raise a cry, as they have long to carry out the feathers of the dice to remove burgers on the thread remaining after drilling windows. Often, at the same time, the thread was annealed, became soft - and the dice was married again. So and so much - it still was bad!

Upon new technology, all these troubles disappeared, the dies began to get high quality and twice as fast.

So insignificant at first glance, the change in the procedure for operations in technology gave a brilliant result. Now on this method work in the instrumental workshops of many plants. To the tools that work as old and cut the thread on the piercing "on the whole", I advise you to go to new technology, they won't lose!

Describe all your 50 rationalization proposals I, of course, I will not - this is for a long time and there is no need. But about one sentence, relieving heavy physical work of turkey-closers, I will tell you about the mechanization of adjusting the threaded calibrous rings of medium and large sizes.

In most instrumental workshops of machine-building plants, caliber threaded rings are cut by a cutter and after quenching it is brought to cast-iron pritses. Grinding of internal threads on calibers is quite rare.

If you take, for example, the ring M100? 2, then the allowance for the adjustment is usually allowed 0.4 mm. And if you consider that after heat treatment, the ring is inevitably deformed by 0.3-0.35 mm, then the turner has to bring a ring for a long time with the help of pritims by spending a lot of physical strength.

I managed to mechanize the adjustment of large threaded caliber rings using the usual lathe. I have done the first experience with rings with a diameter of 60 to 200 mm, and the machine for this purpose used an old, designed to write off.

Between the guides of the machine on the ribs of the beds are attached a strap with a longitudinal groove. This area moves and can be fixed in the right place two push-button starts of the right and left stroke. The buttons of the starters are elongated and directed towards each other.

The threaded ring is confrontated by the tribute to the usual order and clamping drove. The shank drove, moving together with the ring along the feed axis, in its extreme position clicks on the left button of the starter, switching the machine to the opposite. Having reached along with the ring to the right button of the starter, the drive switches the machine to a direct move. So automatically reversing the rotation of the spindle, and with it, the change in the direction of the rings along the feed. For the shank drove softer hitting the stops in extreme positions, two bar from the textolite are attached inside the bed.

Fixture on the lathe for mechanical tapping of threaded calibers

The usual threaded feed is planted on a cone mandrel, and the turner remains only to monitor the normal movement of the ring on the feed, from time to time to add a wipe abrasive and if the ring has become weakly walking on the thread of the feeding, clamp it on the mandrel. Thus, the rings easily removes the allowance of 0.7-0.8 mm and the thread on the ring is clean. 0.03-0.04 mm leaves 0.03-0.04 mm and served manually at the finishing duty with a small amount of a thinner abrasive.

In addition to the threaded calibration rings on the upgraded machine, the various threaded parts can be brought in the same way, requiring the removal of large allowances on the thread.

Since the starters for reversing the spindle rotation during the adjustment are set below the level of the guides of the beds (they are the sheets of the main machine starters), the machine remains fully suitable for any turning and can be used according to its direct intended purpose.

I managed to rationalize and improve a number of threaded work and tools, but there is no special merit in this: it was just the difference in the culture of instrumental production in Moscow and Leningrad. I learned a lot on the Leningrad plants, and what was there was ordinary things, in Moscow factories, it was often innovation.

Ideas on improving work come to many. Often they remain the ideas. However, if they arrange them in the form of racks, they can benefit and money. How to make a properly and submit a racknership, tell me in the article.

From the article you will learn:

How to make a racnership

1. The first stage of the execution of racnership (hereinafter referred to as RP) is the verbal expression of all aspects of the idea:

in what conditions it can be implemented;
who will use it;
how the idea budder is embodied;
what are the benefits to get an enterprise from the introduction of RP.

2. Three stage - studying the history of the issue. You need to collect all the information about how this problem was resolved earlier, what are the approaches to its solution now, what is the advantage of your solution to this problem. It may be more economical, safe, convenient to use, etc. All arguments in favor of your option must be confirmed by numbers, i.e. You should spend economic analysis RP.

EXAMPLE

Consider this stage For example. Suppose you want to improve the pot for cleaning potatoes. Examine the question. Potato cleaning with a conventional knife suggests waste in the amount of 10 g for each medium-sized tube. Your knife reduces the amount of waste up to 5, if the cost of a potato kilogram is 25 rubles, and the weight of the tuber is 70 g, then the resulting savings will be 2 rubles. with kilogram. You should also take into account the savings of time. It is 2 minutes per kg. At the cost of the work hour 120 rubles, the savings will be an additional 4 rubles. Next, it should be noted the convenience of contacting and improving the security of an employee performing this operation.

All the information provided must be reduced to the table to which drawings, graphics, schemes, as well as a concise description of the RP will be attached. The description of the description should not exceed 1-2 pages and express the very essence of the RP: the subject of the proposal, the difference from analogs, economic benefits.

How to apply for rationalization proposal

When the description of the RP is ready, you need to make a request. The application takes a standard A4 format sheet. In the top, the left is the destination. As a rule, this is the head of the organization.

At the top of the right in the frame writing the word "registered for no" and leave the place to specify the date.

The certification of educators in 2017 will be voluntary and mandatory:

Personnel Number;
Full Name;
Place of work and place of registration;
Profession, specialty, position, education.
Year of birth.

"Application for rationalizing proposal".

Next subtitle "Agreement on the distribution of remuneration". Under it you should write the following:" Previously given sentence Nothing was served"(And if it was served, then you should specify wherever) and then" Copyright Remuneration to divide in equal shares"(In the event that there is a different agreement with co-authors, you need to specify this option.

Then follows this phrase: "I (we) argue () what really is the author (co-authors) of this offer. To me (for us), it is known that if the proposal is confirmed by the secret, I (we) are bred (in) to comply with the rules of secrecy, including those established on discoveries, inventions and rationalization proposals. "

The next, final paragraph "attached:

graphic materials (sketches, drawings, schemes, graphics, etc.) on ... sheets;
technical and economic calculations, justifications, etc. On ... sheets;
other materials on ... sheets.
Total ... sheets. "

The next sheet of your application will be "conclusions upon proposal."

In this section, you need to bring some reviews received on your RP. Reviews must be at least two. One must be obtained in his structural division, and the second and subsequent - from other departments of your organization (for example, economic, legal or from accounting).

All feedback should be certified by signatures indicating the post and date. Please note that if the introduction of your RP can improve the working conditions of the company's employees, then in this case you will need to get a review of your company's labor specialist. In practice, the reviews are made up by the authors of the RP, taking into account the comments of those who will sign them.

The conformity structure consists of two blocks - in the first one is listed all the advantages of the RP, distributed according to reviews, and the second should be justified the need to recognize this proposal to innovation.

The next sheet has a title " Decision by the proposal". Here it should be left enough space for making text of the decision. There should also be provided for signatures and the date.

At the bottom of the sheet inserted a table having a header " Change of regulatory and technical documentation" It will have the following columns:

Title of the document;
Notice number;
Date of change;
Position and name of the division;

In case your RP entail changes to regulations Companies, this data will be entered in the table.

Last, most pleasant line:

« Certificate of the rationalization offer received (s).»

Date and signature.

The process of drawing up the application is completed. All additional materials should be attached to it and apply to the RCC Usil Council. Usually, applications are considered at the end of each quarter. If your offer is approved, you are waiting for a premium, certificate, honor and glory, and most importantly - moral satisfaction.

How to get an accompanying letter competently

The letter offer is drawn up on the letterhead of the organization's letter.

What is the text structure of the letter-sentences?

The letter offer is recommended to begin directly with the essence of the letter, that is, with the proposal. Already in the first line, the letter must be described about what is offered, lists the most important conditions or objectives of the proposal. If the subject of the proposal needs to be details, this information is set out in the second part of the letter, after the proposal made.

What key words and phrases are used in the letter?

The key verb letter-offer is the verb "offer". If the letter is addressed to a specific person, the pronoun is additionally used " You»: « we are offering to you…" If the letter is addressed to the organization as a whole or a group of persons, the personal pronoun is written from the lowercase letters: "We offer you ...".

If the offer is sent as an answer to the request, in the initial phrase of the letter it is necessary to express their gratitude to the addressee for the interest manifested them, for example: " Thank you for the interest that developed by our personnel testing program.».

So, everything starts easy. A proposal for improvement (so-called PPU) can be submitted on the form (applications are direct managers, you can print it from the system itself) or through the internal portal of JSC of CHMZ (ISU PPU). Members of small groups (mg) can not even disagree on paper. Just discuss the idea of general meeting Mg, and leader MG will help PPU register. In ST-158, regulating the submission of the PPU, it is written that the head must help the employee to formulate PPU.

After registering the PPU in the system, it is assigned a category, it is assigned responsible for the implementation.

1 categoryassigns suggestions that help improve working conditions (UYU). These include proposals for improving existing workflows, incl. More rational placement of equipment, improving the condition of workplaces, refinement of office algorithms. Payment for them is 300 rubles. In 2015, the automatic PPU feed system (ISU PPU) not only registers all PPUs, but also brings the authors of the PPU to the statement on the payment of remuneration, which is automatically sent immediately after changing the status "registered" to "accepted to implementation". The decision makes a working group about this. It is it that determines the feasibility, the significance of the PPU and those responsible for carrying out activities. The statuses "registered" on "accepted to the test" or "implementation" system also changes automatically.

Arithmetic Simple: 10 PPU per month 300 rubles. \u003d 3000 rubles - good salary boost.

Ko 2 categories Applications on organizational and technical improvement (from). Payment for them is 700 rubles. These include ideas on the organization of a new process (manufacturing, office - for example, with a change in planning, financing, information systems, etc.) or technical solutions (obtained by designing, programming, calculating or experiment) that do not create savings or allowing to obtain an economic effect to 50 thousand rubles.

3 Category - The most significant offers are rationalization (RP). New and useful organizational or technical solutions that allow us to obtain an economic effect for 1 use of more than 50 thousand rubles. After consideration of such an enterprise (NTS scientific and technological advice) and the decision of "implementing" 1 thousand rubles is paid.

If the economic effect of the PPU is over 50 thousand rubles, the remuneration is calculated depending on the economic effect of its use. It will be considered after the PPU will be implemented. Those. Remuneration is paid in fact. This is simply explained - the planned costs were alone, and the actual costs of equipment or repair of the premises, for example, will be different. For NTS, in order to translate into a category with an economic effect, there will be enough reference from the economist that PPU will help to save an enterprise, for example, more than 4 thousand rubles.

Sometimes it is not necessary to wait for the payment for the year. For example, in 2016, Sergey Gorbushin - an engineer to provide railway transportation shop 11, suggested using good wheel pairs of derived from exploitation (for service life) wagons for the repair of operated railway tanks. Due to this, ChMZ saved 1.49 million rubles. The effect was calculated immediately and confirmed by the act. Remuneration amounted to 72 thousand rubles, the co-author received 22 thousand rubles. (№182-311-2016-RP). The amount of remuneration is divided into all authors, depending on the distribution of remuneration, which they determined when submitting proposals. The ISU system automatically calculates the authorship.

By the way, the remuneration is paid not only to those who submit PPU, but also to those who actively help them implement them.

In 2016, for example, more than 7 million rubles were paid to participants in the submission and implementation of PPU. Of these, 6, 25 million rubles. Passed as a premium for the PPU adopted, about 880 thousand rubles. - authors of rationalization proposals for the use of their ideas. More than 260 thousand rubles. Employees received actively helping to introduce rationalization proposals.

If all implementation activities are fulfilled, the status "accepted to implementation" changes to "implemented" - the last stage of the implementation of the PPU.

The PPU of the first group is usually implemented operational. Difficulties begin at the stage of introducing the PPU of other categories. A recent survey on involvement showed that a special difficulty represents the implementation of the PPU, which involves procurement procedures (due to the duration of their conduct), as well as proposals for amending the SAP office systems, the EOSDO supported by CJSC Greenat.

All information on PPU (category, events responsible for the implementation, modified documents, the date of the proposal of the offer) to the system contributes to the IR authorized. If there are controversial issues on the enactment of information in the system - it is necessary to refer to the authorized on IR.

What is PPU?

This proposal aimed at improving the performance of activities. Useful and new solution.

Useful, if during implementation, an economic, technical or other effect can be obtained, i.e. A higher result than was before.

New is first of all initiative offer. that is not imputed functional duties and not defined by the instructions of the head, which was not a consequence of the execution of plans and orders, which is not provided for by the mandatory regulatory documents Enterprises or higher organization.

Proposals may be attributed to improvements:

on a more efficient organization of the workplace or improvement of the workflow (industrial and office environment),
technical solutions: to change the design of products used by technology, on refinement of programs, production technology, composition of material;
organizational solutions to save labor and other resources.

PPUs cannot be recognized proposals aimed at correcting errors and inconsistencies or only the assignment task, indicating the problem or effect that can be obtained, without a specific solution or method of achieving.

There are no improvements and similar suggestions. For example, a laboratory assists the containers enhanced by him for the preserved and safe transfer of analyzes from the room and in the room. This improvement for which the employee will be paid to the remuneration. But if it is proposed to use the same packaging for carrying other analyzes or we are talking about a different route (from the room to in the room C), then this offer is not an improvement in which a premium follows, because The essence of him repeats PPU for which the premium is already paid.

Prepared for the press Natalya Pletchev, infographics - Alice Korobeynikova

Rationalizing, or Kaizen, employee offers help companies save and receive additional profits. The first in the apk Kaizen-system introduced the Kuban holding, which received an effect for 800 million rubles for seven years. In the crisis, the relevance of racpresents removes age at times.

Lyudmila Kremnev

The state increases support agricultureTo replace imports with domestic products, which is definitely beneficial to farmers. However, their production costs increased significantly after weakening the ruble. To make a profit, companies should improve work efficiency and reduce costs, encouraging this staff. Make it can help the program of innovation, or kaizen, proposals.

The correctly embedded system of rats services is able to bring tangible benefits, the managing director of the recruiting company Antal Russia Michael Germershausen believes. "I know the case when the competition for the best racks offer a cleaner," he says. The employee focused that one of the company's branded stores for the first two hours after the discovery is always empty, but in the evening, turns are collected in it. She offered to change the schedule of the store, shifting the opening time for two hours later. This innovation has immediately reflected on sales volumes - they rose by about 15%. The cleaner was awarded a valuable gift.

The idea is running

Operator's manual cellular communication MTS in 2011 initiated a project to collect rackets - "Idea Factory". For three years of its implementation, the company received $ 37 million additional profits. One of the brightest ideas can be called an offer of an employee of the exploitation department information technologies. He developed a single billing system for several platforms, which allows you to calculate the cost of communication services for each specific client based on the tariff chosen. The effect of its introduction amounted to $ 1 million.

In the brewing company "Baltika", also believes that thanks to the ideas of employees, you can significantly save and increase profits. In 2007, two projects were launched here: for sales department employees - the program "There is an idea!", For production personnel - "Your idea works." As a result, for the first year, approximately 900 raspresentations were collected. For example, two engineers came up with the use of water boiler condensate to heat the water in the boiler boilers, which is formed during the production process and is not used in any way. Due to this, it was possible to reduce gas consumption.

Another idea that the sales manager was suggested on the eve of the New Year holidays, contributed to an increase in the sale of beer by 300%. He advised to install in each supermarket, where Zimapivo sells ( trademark "Baltika"), installations in the form new Year's EveMade from bardekels - cardboard stands for beer mugs to attract the attention of buyers to the product. As the experience showed, the idea worked.

In 2014, more than 500 ideas filed in 2014

Nokian Tyres Human Resources RUSSIA RUSSIA (TIN PRODUCTION) Lilia Yasakova believes that it is advisable to pay for the leaders of the award divisions depending on the initiatives of their employees only if the RCC stand is fulfilled. Thanks to this motivation program, which was launched in 2013, the company received 1350 ideas against 929 in 2012, and the cost of savings increased from 12 million rubles. up to 28 million rubles.

Similar methods are applicable in the APC. For example, Agroholding "Kuban" (included in the "Basic Element") became the first agricultural company in Russia, which began in 2007 to introduce a production system based on the principles of Kaizen. "It all starting with simple workers to middle-level employees work on the modernization of technologies, a reduction in temporary and labor costs, - said in an interview with the "agroinvestor" then CEO Kubani Fedor Druzhinin in 2008. - For the first time in Russia, this system was introduced on gas. As a result, the productivity of labor has increased four times there. " Druzhinin and specialists of the company were trained at the automobile plant, although at first the leader doubted his feasibility. "Automotive factory are machines, walls, warm, monotonous technological process everyday. And we have a drought today, tomorrow the field is flooded, then it will beat a hail ... Extinguish, I realized that I was wrong, "he recalled.

For the first year of the Kaizen-Systems, Agrocholding received 336 racks, 286 of them were implemented. This brought a company of 21.3 million rubles. Additional profit. "I will give an example. A bucket with milk for calf usually hang on the hook. The calf pushes it, the bucket falls, and the milk is spread. In the state farms, it was always so, "Druzhinin told. "But it was worth the employees to think about reserves for improving production, as someone offered to use the ring instead of a hook: it fastens the bucket." Another idea is the optimization of carriage carriage. Earlier in a small cart, a well-hardened horse, a few milk literally literally raised two-three animals, then they jerked into her themselves and held calves during the move so that they did not run away. Employees of the company have come up with draw carts with higher walls and a folding board from behind, turning into a ladder. As a result, one person began to cope with the carriage instead of three.

"The Kaizen system can be successfully applied in all sectors. One of such indicative examples of the introduction of Kaizen in "Kuban", which is relevant to all companies, is a decrease in energy costs, the Holding Department of Elena Artikutenko (quotes on a press release of the company) shares. - In 2009, we analyzed the consumption of electricity in enterprises, reduced it, where it was possible, and in five years they received an economic effect of about 36 million rubles. "

Since 2007, Kubani employees have developed and implemented about 4.6 thousand standards and over 3.4 thousand improvements, including more than 500 kaizenov last year. Labor productivity during this time increased three times - from 106 thousand rubles. up to 333 thousand rubles. gross profit per employee per year, which made it possible to double wages. For the inventors introduced into the production idea get a premium. In 2014, employees paid 2.8 million rubles in the amount. for racks; The total amount of premiums for ideas since 2007 exceeded 13 million rubles. Last year, the holding received an economic effect from the introduction production system In the amount of 86 million rubles, as a whole in seven years, this amount exceeded 800 million rubles.

Submit racks offer - just

Despite the fact that such risks are possible, a transparent scheme acts in Rusagro - the program "Your idea works." "The employee prepares his proposal in writing and gives the application to the enterprise's program manager," says Personnel Director and organizational development Sugar business directions of group Olga Fedorov. - The manager registers it and sends to experts who estimate the idea and or launch to work, or reject. " Fedorova believes that such a method of filing the racnership works: for the year, approximately 130 kaizenov were filed, 60 of them have the status "in work", 25 already implemented.

CEO recruitment agency SQ-Team Alexey Gorbunov She adheres to the opinion that sometimes enough to ask employees the question: "If the company belonged to you, what would you change first?" In one trading firm, I was accepted, placing it on a corporate site and asking the heads of stores to convey the question to the staff. Management pursued two goals: reduce costs and discontinue talking about the ineffectiveness of management and salaries. For two weeks, approximately 400 written proposals were received, of which 50 ideas seemed to be delometric and interesting. Some of them were aimed at how to save funds, a part was more radical: to dismiss some managers, and the money to put on the purchase of equipment. As a result, 17 racks were implemented, the topics of conversations were also managed to change - now the staff discusses how to get into working Groupwhich decides which programs will be launched inside the direction, Gorbunov is divided. "People want to take part in the project, as they believe that these ideas will help them successfully solve work tasks," he adds.

Who promotes ideas

Employees willingly take on the role of project moderators. For example, in the Nikifor sugar factory (included in Rusagro), these duties are performed by an engineer-technologist Tamara Chlebuntsov. One of her ideas helped to realize colleagues. It was necessary to find a way, as faster and easier to process non-condational sugar. At the beginning of the processing season of sugar beet, when all the centrifuges are launched, the first batch of sugar is inappropriate. Previously, this sugar was dried, bought and sent to the warehouse for subsequent recycling. Now, instead of the release of a poor-quality product, the apparatus is dissolved to a certain value of the impulse mass and reset it into the clergy stirrer with a further return on the technological flow. "To achieve this and thereby eliminate unnecessary stages of work, I and my colleagues used the usual pipeline, which was previously on another site, explains Khludenset. - We have improved the equipment and launched it to work. "

After the implementation of this project joint work The team over improved production efficiency has not ended. Workshops, noticing how the participation of Khluddunce takes in the program "Your idea works", consult it to advise: ask how to describe our idea, whether there is a meaning in it. The specialist helps them, because he sees that the leadership appreciates offers. According to Gorbunov, the very fact that the company has employees who are not involved manufacturing processAnd they are ready to support colleagues and leadership in the necessary changes or suggest them, suggests that the company can count on success.

In the TechiOkorma (selling food for agricultural), the head of the site personally helped a specialist for feeding cows Galina Ivanova to improve its racnership. It was to increase the safety of animals by changing the daily diet of cows and increase the average NAP. In order to achieve the desired result, it was necessary to constantly observe the cattle, control the process of feeding and digesting the feed, and, if something went not according to the plan, change the diet.

In the course of the work of Ivanov, it came to the conclusion that it was optimally added to the animal 0.3-2 kg to the goal. / Day of crushed straw, increase the share of structural fiber and reduce the content of starch, lightly accurate carbohydrates by reducing the portion of the ground grain by 0.5-1, 5 kg per goal / day. Thanks to such correction, the cow's diet will be less sole diarrhea and subclinical acidosis, a specialist noticed. In addition, they will have the process of secondary chewing activity, which will lead to greater salivation, which helps prevent the scar of the scar and the death of microflora. In this case, the fat content in milk will not fall. Lifetime productivity of cows managed to increase with 40 thousand kg of milk to 70 thousand kg, the safety of animals has also grown.

In the Cherkizovo group, not only ordinary employees, but also leaders, are actively involved in the process of submission of rats services. The company developed a plan where it is reflected, how many proposals should provide each department and how much comes in fact. Many branches even exceed a plan for Kaizen-proposals. Director for Working with the Meat Processing segment segment Sergey Sadkov is confident that thanks to this practice, executives are better aware of how it is useful to promote the ideas of subordinates themselves.

Reward in two stages

The scheme of encouragement, when an employee first awarded for the flow of rackets, and then because thanks to him, the company managed to save, used almost at each enterprise. For example, in Rusagro, the author of the idea gets a T-shirt with the symbolism "Your idea works" and a small premium. "If the idea is approved and implemented, the employee is paid additional Prize Depending on the size of the annual economic effect, but not more than 5%, "Fedorov comments. The most active participants of the program are invited to corporate events, for example, new Year's celebration in Moscow. The company pays for flight and hotel accommodation. The project participants live and work in the Tambov and Belgorod regions, and for them to come to the capital to the celebration, where they will celebrate their merits, - a strong motivator, notes Fedorov.

The bonus for Kaizen does not exceed 100 thousand. RUB.

However, according to Khlebnikov, sometimes the author of the idea is better to reward confidentially, especially if he wants it himself. As a survey conducted by Headhunter, only 27% of respondents seek to receive public recognition of their contribution. Many are just afraid of the robs and envy of colleagues.

In Cherkizovo, each employee receives a premium if his idea is recognized as rational and included in the list of kaizen proposals that will be implemented. The size of the remuneration is 500 rubles. The second premium - 5% of the planned economic effect - the rationalizer will receive after implementation. It also pays 5% of the amount of the resulting effect for the year. True, earn millions will not work: in the rules of the program there is a limit on the amount of premiums - their total amount may not exceed 100 thousand rubles.

If the idea was offered a group of employees, then the first award of 500 rubles. Gets every person. After the implementation of the idea give 8% of the economic effect on all. "The amount is distributed depending on the degree of employee's participation in the process of implementing, the complexity of the project, the deadlines of its implementation, - lists the sands. - The total amount of the award, again, may not exceed 100 thousand rubles. on the team. "

In addition to the award for the proposal and the implementation of innovations, the company employee can get a prize for participating in the competition for the best kaizen offer. If the idea takes the first place in one of the nominations, it will receive 50 thousand rubles, if the second is 30 thousand rubles, the third pay 10 thousand rubles for the third.

Of course, cash premiums are not the only way to encourage the company. A photo of the distinguished employee appears on the plant stand, and in the factory newspaper - an article about its achievement. The hero of several publications was the main mechanic of the Ulyanovsky branch of Cherkizovsky meat processing plant Sergey Vishnyakov. One of his ideas is to add the installation by which the sausage minced stuff moves, a piston for supplying air to ensure the necessary pressure inside it. Due to the fact that this machine that resembles a pipeline, very long and pressure is not enough (and it is impossible to put two pistons), it was decided to reduce the pipeline where it is possible. As a result, now the entire mince, which is in the installation, is used to produce sausages, whereas earlier part was washed away as waste after graduation production cycle. The idea was written in the company's corporate newspaper to encourage a specialist, and other employees show that simple technical offers are accepted. Chernyakov is confident that, submitting an idea of \u200b\u200ba pipeline and piston, he not only contributed to improving the work of the enterprise, but also simplified his work.

The President of the Meat Council of the Unified Economic Space (SES) Museg Mamikonan is confident that, although Vishnyakov's innovation is pointing, its contribution so much that neither the economic effect will not be equal to the optimization of resources. "It is important that the industry has highly qualified mechanics, with innovative thinking and burning eyes, like Kulibin at one time," the expert is sure.

Michael Germershausen from Antal Russia also thinks that the value of racred offers not only in their commercial benefit. If the company implements the ideas of employees, then there is an effect of personnel motivation to produce more ideas, increasing loyalty and involvement, which ultimately improves the company's brand. The organization that listens to the proposals of employees and encourages their initiative, looks in the labor market more attractive compared to competitors, is convinced by Germershausen.

The rationalization proposal (RP) is recognized as such if:

is new;

can solve technical tasks;

gives a visible positive effect.

What should be the meaning of novelty?

It is often difficult to separate the RP on the invention, since both of them are homogeneous and may have significant scales. For example, rationalization affecting the manufacture of manual clocks in a millionth volume will give great profits and save than creating one unique device that helps collect the same clocks manually. Novelty can be considered essential if it:

matters at the level of world equipment;

solves the task of the problem;

introduces new important elements to the already existing solution.

It is noteworthy that the rationalization proposal can be confirmed, even if it has already been known, but not applied to specific production. In these subtleties, you can figure out the example sewing production. Suppose the employees of the workshop on tailoring in summer suffer from heat, enhanced by heating of electric lamps. There was a need to reduce the temperature. For this, the rationalizer proposed to replace the electrical lamps in the lampshades on the "housekeeping" (daylight light). The temperature to reduce the temperature was resolved.

On the one hand, both types of light source world are already familiar. Nevertheless, this is a rationalization proposal, since in the specified production, such lamps have not yet been established in the lamps.

Types of proposals:

innovation (new only for a particular industry enterprise);

sectoral (has significance in the whole industry);

intersectoral (affects several different areas).

RP Groups

Innovations of production technology - technical proposals. It may be an improvement in devices, aggregates, machinery, devices, tools, etc. This also includes changes regarding the products itself (another style, color, size, etc.). The rationalization proposal may affect the production technology (improvement of brightness, strength, etc.), safety technique, etc.

Offers organizational and production. They do not change production technology, but allow you to increase productivity. This can be attributed to save energy, materials, reducing equipment costs, etc.

Before taking advantage of the idea, give it a "commodity". Clearly determine what benefit will be from your offer, by whom when and how the idea will be used. Check out previous similar solutions. What is your solution better? Speed, efficiency, safety, comfort and other characteristics should be translated into the number of numbers. For this, an economic analysis is first carried out. All considerations are recorded in a table for a clearer perception by people who will consider your innovation proposal. All schemes, graphs and verbal description should not occupy more than two pages. Express only the essence.

What does a sample of rationalization offer look like? The application is drawn up on standard sheets A4. At the top of the left pointing the addressee (as a rule, the company's head), the on the right is issued "cap": an interdepartmental typical form for the number P1 and code according to the documentation classifier (management). There, but just below, we write: "Registered, No.". Leave a place under the date. Even below the width of the sheet, the table is drawn, where the authors of the RCCresentation are indicated. In the first column - the number (Tabel), in the second - FULL NAME, the third indicates the place of work (residence), hereinafter - the position, education, date of birth. Even below (centered): "Application for the innovation proposal." Next: "We ask (if from one person, then in the singular) consider the submitted proposal specified under No. (the number is written), to recognize the introduction of innovation and take it to use. Next line (below, also in the center): "Offer description". Next, trained text with calculations and tables is inserted. At the end, add: "Distribution of remuneration". Below, under this phrase: "This proposal was previously not considered anywhere (not given anywhere). I confirm the following: I really have the right to this offer, since I am its author. " If the innovation refers to the discharge of secret, the proposal is recognized as secret, and the author undertakes to follow the rules of secrecy, as indicated in the application. Further, after the mark "attached", a list of graphic materials, calculations, justification should be followed. At the very end, they necessarily indicate "Total sheets ...", the signature of the author and the date. The next leaf is given to the section "Conclusions on RCCerting". Be sure to have a minimum of two reviews (for example, from the workshop and from the main mechanic), which are assigned to the signatures (with the date of recall and indicate the position). If the proposal concerns the sphere of labor protection, another recommendation is needed from a specialist in this area.

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