What is included in the ku. The current rules for the provision of public services to citizens: norms and quality standards. Payment for housing and utilities: how to reduce utility costs

They discuss all the nuances of making payments by residents and organizations for the provision of housing and communal services to the population.

In order to be able to fully use all the provided housing and communal services and to avoid controversial situations, the tenant must know their types. What is included in the utility services, for what services we pay, we will consider in the article.

What is included in the utility services?

The supply of the house with the necessary resources is carried out by companies (partnerships) that have licenses for this.

Housing and communal services - what is included in the maintenance of housing and what is it?

The full list of utilities is as follows:

Cold water supply. The main requirements for cold water are safety from pathogens and unacceptable chemical impurities. Water supply (both cold and hot) must be constant, a break of more than 8 hours per month is unacceptable, in case of accidents - more than 24 hours.
Hot water supply. In addition to the above requirements, there are also temperature standards - from 65 to 75 degrees Celsius () with slight possible deviations.
Water disposal (sewerage). Housing must have a diversion system Wastewater. Water supply and sanitation is regulated by Federal Law No. 416 of December 7, 2011 "On Water Supply and Sanitation".
Heat supply. This type of service is determined by the air temperature in the apartment or other premises. It should not fall below +18 degrees (+15 for entrances) for regular rooms and +20 for corner rooms. Permissible shutdown time (during the heating season) is 24 hours per month. Legal consolidation - Federal Law No. 190 of July 27, 2010 "On Heat Supply".
Gasification. Household gas is not connected in all houses and apartments, but if the housing is connected to unified system, then its payment is included in utilities, in accordance with the Federal Law of 03.03.99 No. 69 “On gas supply in the Russian Federation”.
Electricity. Power outages should not last more than 2 hours for two sources and 24 hours for one source.
Public area lighting.

List of municipal utilities and their features

Another kind of envisaged functions in the sphere housing– municipal services in the field of housing and communal services.

Such services are not associated with individual apartments or houses, but also provide a comfortable existence for owners or owners of housing.

The main types of housing and communal services:

home maintenance, repair duties. The purpose of the function is to maintain the health of the premises (legal support - and Government Decree of 13.08.06 No. 491);
overhaul, unscheduled and current repairs;
garbage disposal - waste, garbage chute, etc.;
other provided and paid services. For example, housing and communal services provide for cleaning of entrances, elevators and adjoining territory, 24-hour security and secure parking, concierge, food delivery, help desk and much more.
Such services do not have to be present in every house, but if they are, then the payment is made according to the established tariffs (usually all municipal benefits are calculated based on living space).

Utilities and rent

The rent is fixed in the law and an exhaustive list of payments included in it is indicated in article 154 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation.
According to it, the owner (owner, tenant, if provided for by the contract) is obliged on general terms to pay for the list of housing and communal services included in the rent:

relevant contributions for the maintenance and repair of residential premises, common property apartment building;
payment at tariffs for provided and used communal and municipal services (the list of housing and communal services is above).

You can pay the bill at the offices of the Russian Post, via the Internet, by bank transfer, or at electronic terminals with such functionality. The amount of the rent is formed separately for each position on the basis of agreements with the company (companies) providing services.

Operation of property and maintenance of housing

What is maintenance services in housing and communal services?

The lists of housing and communal services may also include paid maintenance services.

They are provided to persons living in residential premises, and payments are made for them.

The operated property, for the use of which the tariff price is determined, includes:

fixed telephone connection;
TV, Internet;
common household property that needs maintenance;
intercom;
guard post and much more.

It should be noted that operational housing and communal services are paid only if they are available and used by residents, for example, in the absence of an intercom, no one has the right to demand money for it.

The list of services of the housing and communal services management company for the maintenance of housing services:

All disputes, inconsistencies and problems with poor-quality housing and communal services, contracts in the field of housing and communal services are resolved exclusively in the legal plane. Lawyers provide services in matters of:

unlawful increase in tariffs, especially provided that the quality of services does not change;
deterioration of living conditions;
disconnection of utilities for periods exceeding those established by law, as well as non-compliance with standards (for example, hot water of insufficient temperature);
failure of any of the parties to fulfill their obligations, or illegal excess of rights (infringement of the rights of others);
any structures or systems in the apartment or house are malfunctioning;
inaction of authorized persons and organizations.

Additional and imposed

In addition to the obligatory paid utility, municipal and other services, there are additional new paid housing and communal services options that are not included in the maintenance of the house.

The most common of them are additional protective systems, such as video surveillance, security, alarms, and more.

Many unscrupulous companies charge improper fees for various services. Most often illegally paid:

Additional services of the housing and communal services management company not included in the contract.
Mandatory services included in the contract, if a separate fee is charged for them in excess of the norm.
Fees for the activities of the organization (remuneration, commissions, etc.).

According to article 16 of the Consumer Protection Law, the performer is not entitled to impose his paid services not provided for in the contract.

In case of violation of the rights of tenants, they can resolve the dispute out of court, through a claim, apply to the housing inspectorate, the prosecutor's office or the court.

It is important for each owner (owner, tenant) of housing to know the list of payments that are mandatory and payments that are imposed illegally.

A citizen has the right to protect his rights in any legal way and protect himself from illegal actions of service companies providing services in the housing and communal services sector.

Every year utility bills go up. 2017 was no exception for citizens Russian Federation. At the beginning of last year, it was adopted new law on toughening liability for debtors to pay for housing and communal services. What the new law implies and what punishment is provided for persistent non-payers, we will consider later in the article.

The procedure for paying utility bills is regulated by the Housing Code. According to article 153 of the LC RF, this is the responsibility of every citizen, including legal entities who rent any premises. Housing and communal services include:

payment for hot and cold water;
the product of payments for electricity (study);
payment for heating;
and gas supply.

According to Article 155 of the Housing Code of the Russian Federation, there is a certain period during which utilities must be paid. Payment is made every month until the 10th day upon receipt of the relevant payment document. Military personnel, veterans and other categories of citizens enjoy payment benefits.

The maximum delay in paying for utilities can be 31 days. Previously, penalties were charged for a month of delay, now penalties are charged on the 31st day of the absence of payments. To use installments and deferments, good reasons for delaying payment are required. These include:

serious disease;
loss of position or sole breadwinner.

In any of the above cases, documentary evidence of the facts will be required.

What are the risks of non-payment of utility bills?

The new law on non-payment of utility bills provides for the accrual of penalties to debtors who do not pay their bills on time for utility bills. Federal Law No. 307 considers the procedure for calculating penalties for non-payment. The law was amended to improve consumer discipline.

The main methods of dealing with malicious non-payers are:

penalty charge;
introduction of restrictions or suspension of the supply of public services;
The last resort is eviction from the apartment with the help of the court.

Consider the above methods of punishment for late payment, carried out by utility providers, later in the article.

The amount of penalty according to the law

The most common form of punishment is the imposition of fines. A penalty is a penalty for a long delay in paying utility bills. According to federal law No. 307, citizens who are overdue in payment by more than a month will be subject to penalties. You can pay the bill within 31 days after receiving the receipt.

The total amount of the penalty depends on the size of the debt and the number of days of non-payment, as well as the refinancing rate of the Central Bank of Russia.

Rent debtors who are individuals, must remember that from 31 days to 90, 1/300 of the refinancing rate is charged for each day of non-payment of the receipt. And from 91 days the penalty will increase to 1/130 of the rate of the Bank of Russia. The current rate is 9%.

The legal status of the utility consumer affects the calculation of late fees. For organizations supplying heating, water, etc., the following fine will be charged:

from the 1st to the 60th day - 1/300 of the interest rate of the Central Bank;
from 60 - 90 - 1/170;
from 91 days - 1/130 of the discount rate.

For legal entities, the fine will be charged at the maximum discount rate - 1/130. If the debt for the apartment can be paid through the terminal, then there is no penalty. Payment can only be made at a branch of Sberbank or at a management company, which should be done as soon as possible.

Accrual of interest can be avoided if a citizen has to leave for another city for a long period. The interested person is obliged to write an application to management company and report this fact. The deferred payment will be valid for six months. If an extension is required, then the next application is sent by mail.

What are the suppliers entitled to?

In addition to charging penalties, utility providers have the right to resort to other measures to punish debtors. For a delay in payment of more than 3 months, it is envisaged to cut off or restrict the supply of gas, electricity, water for non-payment of utilities. The supplier has the right to act according to this regulation until receipt Money from the debtor. Notification of the defaulter is made in writing by mail. After 3 days, if the notification is ignored, the notification is made personally by the authorized person.

Eviction from the apartment for debts is also possible. However, it applies to citizens who rent housing. INevict the owner legally prohibited from a privatized apartment. The impetus for this procedure is not the total amount of debt, but the time period for not paying utility bills - more than 6 months.

Where to complain about illegal outages?

The Federal Law on rent provides for utilities that do not have the right to turn off, even if payment is not received - heating and cold water supply.

Shutdown of any kind of utility services without proper warning from suppliers illegal! This illegal action can be appealed. A complaint can be sent to the management company or the HOA. If it was not possible to reach a mutual agreement, the claim is sent to the state housing inspectorate or Rospotrebnadzor. This is followed by a written application to the prosecutor's office and the court.

Utility providers may be held administratively and criminally liable. For violation of the regime for providing the population, the housing and communal services impose a fine on officials- 500 - 1,000 rubles, and for legal entities - 5,000 - 10,000 rubles. For arbitrariness and causing damage - a fine of up to 80,000 rubles is charged, or compulsory work is carried out for 180 - 240 hours, or corrective labor from 1 - 2 years, or arrest for 3 - 6 months.

Payment arrears could be the reason for the disconnection from the supply of utilities. If the debtor received the notification on time and the fact of late payment is recognized by him, then the only solution The problem is the payment of funds. When the debt is repaid, the supply of electricity, gas, water is carried out within two days.

Provision to the public is strictly regulated federal laws, rules, regulations and other acts.

Knowing the standards of their provision, volumes, quality and time of submission, citizens can seek to improve the service. But we must not forget about our duties - the admission of controllers.

Housing relations between consumers and service providers are impossible without state intervention. It does so by passing laws and amending them.

fundamental laws and regulations, which are guided by housing and communal services enterprises, are:

In addition, housing and communal services enterprises are guided by many specialized regulations in the course of its activities:

Rules for the use of the sewerage and water supply system in the Russian Federation (Government Decree No. 167).
Decree No. 761 defines citizens-consumers.
Rules for the provision of public services to citizens No. 307 regulate the relationship between owners and end users services with suppliers, establish standards for the consumption of individual resources.
Specialized regulations relating to a specific sector of housing and communal services - gas supply, sewerage, water supply, maintenance of apartment buildings, and so on.

Changes regarding the procedure for the provision of public services

The main governing document is "Rules for the provision of public services to citizens", approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 307 dated May 23, 2006 In 2015 this document has undergone some changes.

Service consumers who are able to install meters but have not done so will pay more. This measure is designed to encourage the population to install metering devices, both general and individual.

Such a normative act existed before, but was not widely used. Now, after legitimizing the innovation, the requirements will apply to all citizens without exception.

Consequently, the clause that regulates the charging of fees during the verification (temporary absence) of the meter has also changed.

If earlier consumption indicators for the previous three months of the “standard” tariff were taken for calculation, now the increased rate will be taken into account with increasing coefficients. At the beginning of 2017, this figure is 1.5.

The use of increased coefficients is possible if the controller is not allowed into the apartment or house to take evidence over three consecutive months.

Increased tariffs will not apply to gas supply.

Thus, all innovations relate to the use of multiplying factors in the absence of meters in the room.

The important thing is that their absence can be justified, for example, when there is no technical possibility of mounting IPU, OPU. In this case, the fee will be charged at the old rates.

General provisions of the Rules

The main points of the document are:

Besides, general provisions have a decoding of the main terms and concepts used in the provision of housing and communal services.

The document applies to consumers (citizens legally residing in, private, state property), and service providers.

Rights and obligations of the parties to public services

The consumer has the right:

receive service good quality, timely and in full;
uninterruptedly receive public services, demand improvement of their quality to the established level;
participate in decision-making regarding common property and adjacent territory;
control and pay for the actual volume of services spent;
demand a reduction in payment in case of interruptions in supplies, poor quality or own absence from the premises;
demand compensation for damage if the latter was caused through the fault of the service provider;
verify payments made;
receive full information, get acquainted with documents and regulations regarding specific services.

The supplier has the right:

demand timely ;
require compliance with the rules for the operation of housing, IPU, OPU;
receive compensation from the state for consumers who have;
freely enter the premises for verification of readings and serviceability of metering devices.

The consumer undertakes timely pay for consumed utilities, provide access to the supplier's representatives to the premises, independently monitor the serviceability of engineering networks in the apartment.

Supplier is obliged provide services in a timely manner, in full, without long interruptions, of the established quality, conclude an agreement with the consumer and exercise control technical condition systems in the house.

Quality standards

Housing and communal services must be carried out in accordance with GOST R 51617-2000, federal laws and other regulations.
All services must be provided in the amount set for the needs of the population, to ensure continuous consumption.

Breaks are allowed only when repair or force majeure.

All services must be safe for the health and life of the population.

The supplier must carry out quality control of services:

visual;
analytical;
instrumental.

Devices, products, substances used for the provision of services must be controlled and meet standards.

The procedure for paying utility bills

The Housing Code obliges the consumer to:

both businesses and individuals;
make payment by the 10th of every month;
draw up payment documents in accordance with the received receipts;
receive if there are grounds;
pay for all premises owned by;
in some cases, not only current, but also overhaul common property in apartment buildings.

Resolution of disputes and disagreements

Disputes between the consumer and the contractor may be of the following types:

It is in the housing sector that mediators are not popular. The reason is banal - the side that has not received its own considers itself right and seeks to punish the culprit. At the same time, she does not take into account that the trial may drag on for years, and may be accompanied by large expenditures of money, effort and time.

Mediation in housing and communal services aimed at reconciliation, compensation for damage to the victim in a short time.

But until amendments are made to current legislature obliging the parties to the dispute to use mediation, communal conflicts will be resolved in court.

Video: In Russia, the standards for the consumption of utilities have been increased

The report discusses the problem of calculating the cost of consumed utilities in the presence or absence of individual metering devices.

It is told what multiplying factors will be introduced for owners of residential premises that are not equipped with meters.

Housing and communal services(Housing and communal services) - these are services that are necessary to create a comfortable living for the consumer, they provide and maintain the proper condition of all settlements.

There are several types of residential premises:

the first is a private (residential) house, or its residential part;
the second is the apartment, or part of it;
the third - a room, or several rooms.

Everything listed species residential areas are housing stock, which has several divisions that depend on the form of ownership:

private JF;
state ZhF;
municipal JF.

What is included in housing and communal services?

Housing and communal services are endowed with the following list of such services provided:

Water supply(cold) - provides a continuous supply of cold water to a trusted person of an established and acceptable quality standard, in required quantity and volume in a certain way (by a network that is connected or by a column).
Water supply(hot) - continuous supply of hot water of the established and acceptable quality standard to the trustee in the required quantity and volume in a certain way (via the network that is connected) is ensured.
Drainage- through the network, which is connected, domestic and industrial wastewater is discharged.
Power supply– continuous supply to the trusted person is ensured electrical energy established and acceptable by the quality standard, in the required quantity and volume in a certain way (through a network that is connected). Read about.
Gas supply– a continuous supply of gas of the established and acceptable quality standard to the trustee is ensured, in the required quantity and volume in a certain way (through the network that is connected), gas is also sold in cylinders for domestic use.
Heating– a continuous supply to the trustee, during the heating season (from autumn to spring), of warm energy is ensured in accordance with certain standards, to ensure the optimal air temperature in the residential area, and solid fuel is also supplied in case of stove heating.

New rules

The rules that the government of the Russian Federation set on May 6, 2011 define the following concepts:

the concept of "performer";
the concept of "consumer";
resource supply organization"
standard for the consumption of public services;

Since July 1, 2012, there have been some changes in the amount of tariffs, they have increased for the following services:

payment for the use of cold water;
payment for the use of hot water;
payment for water disposal;
payment for the use of heating;
payment for the use of electrical energy;
payment for the use of gas.

Since September 1, 2012, there has been next promotion prices, for the payment of tariffs for housing and communal services.

Since January 2015 payments for repair work became mandatory for all apartment owners. If the payment was not made within the specified time period, therefore, a penalty fee is charged.

The new rules define:

the necessary observance of rights and obligations, which must be performed by the contractor and the consumer as a result of the consumption of utilities;
necessary control over the quality of services provided;
sizing is carried out and tariffs for services rendered;
tariffs are recalculated for certain utilities during the absence of the owners;
the recalculation of the amount of tariffs for the provided utilities inadequate quality;
the order is determined if necessary, suspend the provision of public services.

Housing Services

Housing and communal services consist of the following list of services:

payment for housing(can be: house, apartment or room);
payment for the upkeep of the residential area, including also payment for rendered certain services for work performed in a multi-storey building and management;
payment for the repair of a residential area, including payment for maintenance and scheduled repairs of the entire territory in a multi-storey building. Overhaul of the entire territory in a multi-storey building is carried out at the expense of the owner of the housing stock;
payment for utilities(water supply (cold and hot), sewerage, electricity supply, gas supply (this also includes the sale of bottled gas for domestic use) and heating (payment for fuel in solid form in the case of stove heating);
scheduled repairs;
payment for the use of the elevator;
payment for the removal of waste from multi-storey buildings(removal of solid and liquid waste).

On the provision of utility services for electricity supply

The supply of electricity to owners and their residential area must be carried out according to all the necessary parameters and standards that are established by the organization. It is necessary that this process be around the clock and throughout the year.

Are repairs included in utilities?

The owner of the apartment is obliged to pay for housing and communal services, as well as including additional investments and payments for the overhaul of the dwelling.

The receipt, which comes to the address, indicates the total amount for housing and communal services, which the owner of the apartment is obliged to pay.

All tariffs for covering the overhaul of a residential building are determined and certified in individual constituent entities of the Russian Federation.

There are several options for transferring finance for a major home renovation:

First way is to transfer funds to a special account.
Second way is to transfer money local organization, also on account.

When paying to a special account, you need to independently carry out a considerable number of operations:

deal with a bank
carry out account insurance;
be fully responsible for finances;
to search for companies that will provide estimate services and inspection of repair work;
to calculate tariffs for the work provided.

When making payments to accounts state companies all these operations are carried out by regional operators.

The size of tariffs for payment for services for major repairs for each region is different. The average bill is about six rubles per square meter.

List of works that are performed:

Repair and restoration of the roof of the house.
Repair and strengthening of facades.
The elevator is being renovated.
Restoration and repair of the basement area.
Certain work with the engineering system of the house.
Installation and maintenance of home meters.

The procedure for paying for common house utility bills

owner of a private property;
owner of non-residential premises, namely shops, beauty salons, private firms and others;
owner of municipal property;
owner of government facilities.

Payments made by residents of the house are transferred to certain accounts of regional operators.

At the moment, there are four options for making payment for housing and communal services:

Cash payment at the bank, or through the Russian Post;
Using an ATM or terminal;
Online payment via the Internet or using an electronic wallet is possible;
With the help of the reference and information portal of the city of Moscow.

Tariffs for housing and communal services- this is a certain cost, which is expressed in rubles to pay for resources.

Tariffs:

heating tariffs ruble per 1 Gcal;
tariffs for water supply and sanitation - ruble per 1 cubic meter;
tariffs for the use of electricity - ruble per 1 kWh.

The amount of tariffs for payment of housing and communal services depends on various factors:

Firstly, the size of the total area of \u200b\u200bthe residential area matters.
Secondly, the number of people who are officially registered in the residential area.
Thirdly, monthly volume of utilities that were consumed.
Fourth, may be entitled to benefits for payment of housing and communal services.

As a result of changes and variations of all these factors, tariffs for housing and communal services may change.

Major repairs are not paid by the owner of the dwelling in two situations:

first option- if the house is in disrepair or uninhabitable;
second option– if the housing property is seized by order of the state or municipal acting body.

In case of non-payment for the necessary housing and communal services, the organization has grounds to sue the defaulter to collect the debt.

The final cost of housing and communal services depends on the size and area of the residential area that the owner owns. For example, if the entire area of a house or apartment is sixty square meters, then in this case the amount of monthly payments for the maintenance of the residential area will be equal to 480 rubles.

How to establish the fact of improper provision of CG?

In accordance with the established rules, owners and owners of residential areas should be informed about problems, emergency situations that arise.

Also, you can file a written complaint about the provision of housing and communal services of inadequate quality.

In this case, the organization must establish that the service is not fully provided, or not provided at all. After confirming and establishing the fact of the provision of housing and communal services of inadequate quality, it is necessary to contact the organization with a mandatory requirement to change the amount of payment for the services provided.

Who to contact in case of overpayment?

The seventeenth article of the Federal Law deals with the regulation and control of certain tariffs. This is the responsibility federal body executive power in a particular area.

In order to file an application for overstating payments, first of all, you need to be sure of this fact one hundred percent, employees of the regional department who are competent in this matter can help in this process.

If the specified service did not provide the proper service, you need to contact the prosecutor's office. In the absence of assistance in this organization, it is necessary to apply to the court.

Housing and communal services- This is a set of services provided for the maintenance and maintenance of an apartment building in an appropriate condition. Tariffs for the services provided are determined by the area of the dwelling and the number of officially registered people.

Payment for CU is a mandatory part for living in a residential area and receiving housing and communal services.

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