Rare and interesting historical photographs. Rare historical photographs Historical photography

This collection contains rare and unique historical photographs that capture significant events in history, outstanding personalities and moments from their lives, as well as other interesting shots. This fascinating collection of images will give you a fresh look at some of the facts. The photo below captures the flight of Charles Godefroy through the Arc de Triomphe in Paris. He piloted his Nieuport 11 through the archway on 7 August 1919.

2. Construction of the city of Brasilia, which later became the capital of Brazil. 1960:

3. Construction of the Eiffel Tower in July 1888:


4. Boeing B-29 Superfortress called "Enola Gay" was the same bomber that dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima, Japan during World War II. It was the first aircraft to drop an atomic bomb as a weapon:


5. The famous cover on the album cover from The Beatles Abbey Road, do you recognize it? Only unlike the original cover, in this photo they go in reverse side:


6. Che Guevara and Fidel Castro:


7. Albert Einstein's diploma, which he received at the age of 17, his grades are rather mediocre, on a scale of 1 to 6:


8. Shooting the legendary movie "Star Wars" inside spaceship Millennium Falcon:


9. Built in the USA, the ENIAC complex became the first computer in the history of mankind. It was capable of performing complex calculations and operations thousands of times faster than any other machine before it:


10. Unbroken seal on the grave of Tutankhamen:


11. The first Google team in 1999:


12. The first Wal-Mart opened in 1962:


13. In 1948, one of the first McDonald's restaurants opens:



15. Henry Ford (founder of Ford Motor Co.), Thomas Edison (inventor of the phonograph, camera, and light bulb), Warren G. Harding (29th President of the United States) and Harvey Samuel Firestone (founder of Firestone Tire and Rubber Co.) are relaxing together:


16. A Cessna 172 piloted by Matthias Rust landed illegally on Red Square on May 28, 1987. A German amateur pilot flew from Finland to Moscow (being tracked by Soviet air defense and Soviet jet fighters, never ordered to shoot him down):


17. One of the first photographs taken in Hitler's bunker (Führerbunker) in 1945 by Allied soldiers:


18. Madonna, Sting and Tupac Shakur:


19. Quagga - an extinct subspecies of zebra. The only Quagga that was photographed alive at the Zoological Society of London Zoo in Reigent Park in 1870:



21. Steve Jobs and Bill Gates are talking, 1991:


22. Elvis Presley, king of rock and roll while serving in the US Army:


To continue, visit also the collection with the most famous photographs of the past, where there are also a number of interesting pictures.

Interesting photographs of people and events gone down in history

We bring to your attention rare and interesting historical photographs that will be of interest to you.

Monica Bellucci, 1992

Drug lord Pablo Escobar and his son Juan pose in front of the White House in the 1980s


Electronic digital integrator and calculator, the fourth computer built in history, 1946


Young Osama bin Laden at judo training


A guy looks at a family album he found in the rubble of his old house after the earthquake in Sichuan.


Walking hippos in the zoo, Moscow, 1950s.


Tibetan football team. 1936


Visiting Donald Trump, 1987



Vladimir Ilyich speaks to the Red Army units leaving for the Polish front. Moscow, May 5, 1920.


Supporters of the African National Congress burn a man suspected of being a Zulu spy. South Africa, 1990



"Aggressors detected!" Drawing from the Czechoslovak magazine "Roháč", 1958.


The burial of the corpses of Japanese soldiers on Saipan, 1944. The bulldozer is preparing a mass grave.


Tower of the battleship Mutsu, recovered from the bottom of the sea. On June 8, 1943, the ship exploded in the Hiroshima Bay and sank at a depth of 40 meters.



Passers-by study the new map of Europe after the end of the First World War. Philadelphia, 1918


Steve Jobs and Bill Gates.


Milla Jovovich

Photograph of Abraham Lincoln's dog Fido, 1861.


Viktor Pivovarov, 1975 Daily routine of a lonely person.

Opening of the pharaoh's sarcophagus, 1924 After 3 thousand years of loneliness, Tutankhamun met people again.


Zakhar Prilepin in Dagestan, 1999.


Chechen boy with a machine gun in a refugee camp. Ingushetia, November 1999.


A wedding cortege crosses checkpoints, Grozny, 2000.


A Swedish woman hit a protesting neo-Nazi with a bag. This woman survived after being imprisoned in a concentration camp (1985).


Young clown Yuri Nikulin portrays a "man from the public" who first mounted a horse, 1947, Moscow

Sophia Loren, Rome, 1955


Leon Trotsky in a hospital in Mexico City after the assassination attempt, August 1940


A cat runs across the street during a street fight in Beirut, Lebanon, 1980s.


Pilots on an aircraft simulator, 1915, Russian Empire

The desire to capture the moments of life that happen to a person or the world around him has always existed. This is evidenced by rock paintings, and art. In the paintings of artists, accuracy and detail were especially appreciated, the ability to capture an object from a favorable angle, light, convey a color palette, and shadows. Such work sometimes took months of work. It was this desire, as well as the desire to reduce time costs, that became the impetus for the creation of such an art form as photography.

The advent of photography

In the 4th century BC, Aristotle, the famous scientist from Ancient Greece, noticed a curious fact: the light that seeped through a small hole in the window shutter repeated the landscape seen outside the window with shadows on the wall.

Further, in the treatises of scientists from Arab countries, the phrase literally meaning "dark room" begins to be mentioned. It turned out to be a device in the form of a box with a hole in the front, with the help of which it became possible to copy still lifes and landscapes. Later, the box was improved, providing moving halves and a lens, which made it possible to focus on the picture.

Thanks to new features, the pictures became much brighter, and the device was called the "light room", that is, the camera lucina. Such simple technologies allowed us to find out what Arkhangelsk looked like in the middle of the 17th century. With their help, the perspective of the city was taken, which is distinguished by accuracy.

Stages of development of photography

In the 19th century, Joseph Niepce invented a method of photography, which he called heliogravure. Shooting by this method took place in bright sunshine and lasted up to 8 hours. Its essence was as follows:

A metal plate was taken, which was covered with bituminous varnish.

The plate was directly exposed to bright light, which did not dissolve the varnish. But this process was heterogeneous and depended on the strength of the illumination in each of the sections.

Then poisoned with acid.

As a result of all the manipulations, a relief, engraved picture appeared on the plate. Next milestone in the development of photography became the daguerreotype. The method got its name from the name of its inventor, Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre, who was able to get an image on a silver plate treated with iodine vapor.

The next method was calotype, invented by Henry Talbot. The advantage of the method was the ability to make copies of one image, which, in turn, was reproduced on paper impregnated with silver salt.

The first acquaintance with the art of photography in Russia

The history of Russian photography has been going on for more than a century and a half. And this story is full of different events and interesting facts. Thanks to the people who discovered the art of photography for our country, we can see Russia through the prism of time as it was many years ago.

The history of photography in Russia begins in 1839. It was then that a member of the Academy of Sciences of Russia, I. Hamel, went to Great Britain, where he got acquainted with the calotype method, having studied it in detail. Then he sent a detailed description. Thus, the first photographs made by the calotype method were obtained, which are still stored in the Academy of Sciences in the amount of 12 pieces. The photographs bear the signature of the inventor of the method, Talbot.

After that, Hamel meets Daguerre in France, under whose guidance he takes several pictures with his own hands. In September 1841, the Academy of Sciences received a letter from Hamel, in which, according to him, was the first photograph taken from nature. A photograph taken in Paris shows a female figure.

After that, photography in Russia began to gain momentum, rapidly developing. Between the 19th and 20th centuries, photographers from Russia began to take part in photo exhibitions and salons on a general basis. international class, where they received prestigious awards and prizes, had membership in the relevant communities.

Talbot's way

The history of photography in Russia was developed thanks to people who were keenly interested in a new kind of art. So was Julius Fedorovich Fritzsche, a famous Russian botanist and chemist. He was the first to master the Talbot method, which consisted in obtaining a negative on photosensitive paper and then printing it on a sheet treated with silver salts and developing in sunlight.

Fritzsche took the first calotype photographs of plant leaves, after which he appeared before the Academy of Sciences in St. Petersburg in May 1839 with a report. In it, he reported that he found the calotype method suitable for capturing flat objects. For example, the method is suitable for taking photographs of original plants with the accuracy required by a botanist.

Contribution by J. Fritzsche

Thanks to Fritzsche, the history of photography in Russia stepped a little further: he proposed replacing sodium hyposulfate, which Talbot used to develop the picture, with ammonia, which noticeably modernized the calotype, improving image quality. Julius Fedorovich was also the first in the country and one of the first in the world to conduct research work in photography and photography.

Alexey Grekov and the "art booth"

The history of photography in Russia continued, and the next contribution to its development was made by Alexei Grekov. A Moscow inventor and engraver, he was the first Russian master of photography to master both calotype and daguerreotype. And if you ask a question about what the first cameras were in Russia, then it is Grekov's invention, the "art room", that can be considered as such.

The first camera, created by him in 1840, made it possible to take high-quality portrait photographs with good sharpness, which many photographers who tried to achieve this could not. Grekov came up with a chair with special comfortable pads that supported the head of the person being photographed, allowing him not to get tired during a long sitting and to maintain a motionless position. And it took a long time for a person to be motionless in a chair: 23 minutes in the bright sun, and on a cloudy day - all 45.

The master of photography Grekov is considered to be the first portrait photographer in Russia. To achieve excellent portrait photographs, he was also helped by the photographic device he invented, consisting of a wooden camera into which light did not penetrate. But at the same time, the boxes could slide out one from the other and return to their place. At the front of the outer box, he attached a lens, which was a lens. The inner box contained a light sensitive plate. By changing the distance between the boxes, that is, by moving them one from the other or vice versa, it was possible to achieve the necessary sharpness of the image.

Contribution of Sergey Levitsky

The next person, thanks to whom the history of photography in Russia continued to develop rapidly, was Sergei Levitsky. Daguerreotypes of Pyatigorsk and Kislovodsk, made by him in the Caucasus, appeared in the history of Russian photography. As well as the gold medal of an art exhibition held in Paris, where he sent pictures to participate in the competition.

Sergey Levitsky was in the forefront of photographers who suggested changing the decorative background for filming. They also decided to retouch portrait photographs and their negatives in order to reduce or completely remove technical flaws, if any.

Levitsky leaves for Italy in 1845, deciding to improve the level of knowledge and skills in the field of daguerreotype. He takes pictures of Rome, as well as portrait photos of Russian artists who lived there. And in 1847 he comes up with a photographic apparatus with folding fur, using the fur from the accordion for this. The innovation allowed the camera to become more mobile, which was largely reflected in the expansion of photography opportunities.

Sergey Levitsky returned to Russia already professional photographer, opening his own daguerreotype workshop "Light Painting" in St. Petersburg. With her, he also opens a photo studio with a rich collection of photographic portraits of Russian artists, writers and public figures. He does not give up studying the art of photography, continuing to empirically study the use of electric light and its combination with solar and their influence on photographs.

Russian trace in photography

Artists, masters of photography, inventors and scientists from Russia have made a great contribution to the history and development of photography. So, among the creators of new types of cameras, such Russian surnames as Sreznevsky, Ezuchevsky, Karpov, Kurdyumov are known.

Even Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev took an active part, dealing with theoretical and practical problems of making photographs. And together with Sreznevsky, they stood at the origins of the creation of the photographic department in the Russian Technical Society.

The successes of Andrey Denyer, a bright master of Russian photography, who can be put on the same level with Levitsky, are widely known. He was the creator of the first photo album with portraits of famous scientists, doctors, travelers, writers, artists. And the photographer A. Karelin became known throughout Europe and entered the history of photography as the founder of the genre of everyday photography.

Development of photography in Russia

Interest in photography at the end of the 19th century increased not only among specialists, but also among the common population. And in 1887 the "Photographic Herald" was published, a magazine that collected information on recipes, chemical compounds, photo processing methods, theoretical data.

But before the revolution in Russia, the opportunity to engage in artistic photography was available only to a small number of people, since almost none of the inventors of the camera had the opportunity to produce them on an industrial scale.

In 1919, V. I. Lenin issued a decree on the transfer of the photographic industry under the control of the People's Commissariat of Education, and in 1929 the creation of light-sensitive photographic materials began, which later became available to everyone. And already in 1931, the first domestic camera "Photokor" appeared.

The role of Russian masters, photo artists, inventors in the development of photographic art is great and occupies a worthy place in the world history of photography.

Everything in life has its beginning, just like any science and art originate somewhere in the mists of time, and then they develop, improve, new directions, new trends are formed. This also applies to photography, which I perceive as an art, the development of which is directly related to science, I mean the development of photographic equipment. This article, titled "History of Photography in Brief", contains the most important facts about the origin and development of the great art of photography.

It is worth starting with the main definition of photography, it came from the ancient Greek words “light” and “write”, i.e. light painting is a technique of drawing with light. This is the ability to create and save an image using a photosensitive material (matrix) in a camera. That sounds technically correct. If we talk about photography as an art form, then the definition can sound like this: the creative process of finding and creating a theoretically correct and artistically artistic composition, which in turn, albeit partially, is determined by vision. The term itself appeared in 1839.

Brief history of photography

In 1826, the Frenchman Joseph Nicéphore Niepce surprised many by taking the first photograph in human history using a "camera obscura" (trans. dark room) on a tin plate coated with thin layer Syrian asphalt. This photograph depicted the view from the window of J.N. Niépce's workshop and was created over the course of 8 hours, continuously exposed to direct sunlight.

Almost at the same time with Zh.N. Niepce, another Frenchman, Louis Jacques Mande Daguerre, worked on obtaining a stable image. In 1829, having united with Niepce and received all detailed information about his previous experiences, Louis Daguerre begins to actively work on improving the process. And in 1837 he achieves success and receives an image in 30 minutes, using table salt as a fixative. This method is called daguerreotype. However, unlike the method of J. Niepce, it was impossible to copy images.

Along with the French, the Englishman Wilm Fox Henry Talbot worked on creating a stable image, and in 1839 he created his own method of obtaining a negative image called calotype (later it became known as talbotype). The main difference of such process is a special way of preparation of sensitive paper. This process dominated the field of both portraiture and architecture.

The history of the development of photography continues in 1850. Louis Brancard Hervar finds a new type of photographic paper - albumid, which was later used as the main one until the end of the century.

In 1851, the Frenchman Gustave Le Gré invented wax negatives, which in turn replaced the talbot type. This innovation greatly simplified the process of creating images in nature.

The history of photography continues in 1847, when a kind of new stage in its development. This year begins the era of glass negatives, Claude Felix Abel Niepce achieved the first impressive results in this process. And already in 1851, the Englishman Frederick Scott Archer developed the wet callodion process. Due to the legal insecurity of this process, it quickly gained distribution and helped to increase. In 1854, the name ambrotype patented in America appears, which was a kind of more simplified version of daguerreotype.

In 1861, the English physicist James Maxwell succeeded in obtaining a color image for the first time in the world., which was the result of three shots of the same subject, with different filters(red, blue and green). The wider use of color photography was made possible by Adolf Miet. He invented sensitizers that make the photographic plate more sensitive to other regions of the spectrum. An even greater contribution to the development of this was made by Sergei Prokudin-Gorsky, who developed technologies to reduce shutter speed.

Development did not stand still, from year to year scientists sought to improve the process of creating an image. So a new stage in the history of photography began in 1872, when the Englishman Richard Leach Maddox announced the creation of a dry collodion plate.

In 1876 in England, an integrated approach to the study of the photographic process by W. Driffield and F. Harter began, they focused their attention on the study of the relationship between exposure time and the amount of silver formed in the film. In 1879, J. Swan opened the first production of special silver halide photographic paper based on gelatin, which became the main element in the production of photographic paper and is still used in industrial production. By this time, photo print workers were already able to slightly adjust the tonality and contrast of the image during production.

The American banker George Eastman in 1880, after a trip to England, opens his company in America called the Eastman Dry Record Company, which was later renamed and registered as the KODAK company in 1888. And in the same year, this brand was released in the summer.

In 1869, Edward James Muybridge created one of the first camera shutters, which he used to photograph horses. In addition, he created his own photography system. In 1881, photographs of horses brought Muybridge worldwide fame.

The history of photography continues further: in 1884, D. Eastman receives a patent for a roller film on a paper substrate and a cassette, which was a great innovation in the photography process. And already in 1888, D. Eastman received a patent for a portable camera, which housed a roller film patented by him earlier. And already in 1889, the mass production of films began.

In 1911, Oscar Barnack came to work for the German company Leitz, who made a huge contribution to the further development of photography. Thanks to his efforts and research, in 1925, small format camera of a new type called Leica I(the name comes from the merger of the two words Leitz and Camera), which worked on standard film. Also in this year, P. Wirkotter secured the rights to the first flash lamp invented by him, and in 1931 G. Edgerton invented the world's first electronic flash lamp, which naturally replaced the flash lamp.

In 1932 the world's first small format rangefinder camera Leica II.

Around the 1930s is gaining popularity color photography, all thanks to Kodak, the first to release Kodachrome color reversible film. And in 1942, the company launched the production of Kodacolor film, which became very popular among professionals and amateurs in photography.

In 1948, Polaroid made a breakthrough in photography with the release of the Polaroid Land 95 camera, which ushered in the era of instant photography.

In 1975, Kodak engineer Stephen Sassoon developed and presented to the public the first digital camera. had a resolution of 0.1 megapixels.

The growing public interest in photography demanded a more comfortable model and more production, and in 1988, FUJI introduced a truly portable model. digital camera"FUJI DS - 1P".

Nowadays, when even mobile phones have built-in cameras capable of doing enough nice photos, it can be hard to imagine that people once spent a huge amount of time creating just one photo.

The logical result of the development of photography was its transformation into a true art. And personally, I am infinitely glad that now there is more opportunity to create truly artistic, artistic photographs.

Some more interesting facts from the history of photography:

- Louis Dagger in 1838 took a photograph that is considered the first to depict a person.

- In 1839, Robert Cornelius made the first self-portrait.

— In 1858, Gaspard Tournach took the first aerial photograph showing Paris.

— In 1856, William Thompson took the first underwater photograph. His camera was attached to a pole.

— In 1840, Professor John William Draper took the first successful photograph of the moon.

— In 1972, the first color photograph of our beautiful planet Earth was taken.

What? Where? When? Short review

There is a misconception that life used to be safer and calmer. Of course, this is just a delusion. Each historical period boasts a whole array of strange social habits, traditions, and beliefs. Some of them are really useful by the standards of that time, but for us they can still seem like absolute wildness.
In our selection of 26 of the most freaky photos about the oddities of the past.

Patricia O'Keeffe, a 30kg young bodybuilder, carries a 90kg man on his back. 1940


In 1973, motor driving was banned in Amsterdam due to a fuel crisis. But a solution has been found.


In 1939, in the USA, flour mills began to supply flour in colorful bags. This was done so that after the poor could sew clothes from sackcloth.


The photo shows a 200-kilogram perch and fisherman Edward Llewellen, who single-handedly managed to catch this monster. By the way, his record has not been beaten to this day.


In 1938, schoolteacher Helen Hulick was sentenced to 5 days in prison for wearing trousers to her trial. This was seen as contempt of court.


German soldiers photograph a dog in 1940.


1969 Niagara Falls temporarily shut down for "restoration work".


Between 1939 and 1945, British sappers often found such "mini-tanks". They were used by German soldiers to undermine full-sized military vehicles from below.


US President Lyndon Johnson liked to impress his guests and ride them on the lake in an amphibious vehicle.


Nothing unusual. Members of the Ku Klux Klan ride the Ferris wheel. 1925


An elephant helps load food onto an American plane in 1945.


During the filming of Dr. No, Sean Connery autographed a coconut for a little Jamaican fan. !962


So in 1890, a system of 5,000 telephone lines in Stockholm looked like.


Do you want to learn how to swim, but the water is far away? The solution came up in the 1920s.


Wacky animal photos have been taken since 1875.


Field, Friday, 1910 (joke - just 1910).


Period from 1941 to 1945.


In 1930, ponies were for girls and weaklings. And all real men rode exclusively on wild boars.


The Macy store often hired detectives to prevent theft. In 1948, all the "dummy" workers took a group photo, but they did not reveal their identity.


Chariots are cool. Motorcycles are cool too. The South Wales Police decided to combine all this coolness in one vehicle.


The most beautiful legs in 1930 were chosen in this way.


1950, a Russian tanker feeds polar bears.


Ann Hodges and her doctor, Moody Jacobs, show the press a bruise on Ann's body left by a fragment of a meteorite that fell in 1945.


Horrors of war. Soldiers use gas masks to peel onions.


Here are the winners of the Miss Perfect Posture contest at a chiropractic convention in 1956.


Football helmet testing in 1912

 

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