Biology in professions where you need to know. What professions are associated with biology and chemistry: a list. Medical Researcher

Every person dreams of choosing a profession that would not only be always in demand, and therefore highly paid, but also benefit society. One of these professions is undoubtedly the profession of a biologist. It is these experts who study everything related to living organisms on our planet. Our health, development and future largely depend on their professionalism. Therefore, it is not surprising that the profession of biology is the second most popular in the world.

Every person dreams of choosing a profession that would not only be always in demand, and therefore highly paid, but also benefit society. One of these professions is undoubtedly biology profession... It is these specialists who study everything related to living organisms on our planet. Our health, development and future largely depend on their professionalism. Therefore, it is not surprising that the profession of biology is the second most popular in the world.

True, unfortunately, not everyone can get this necessary and promising profession, since it puts forward a number of requirements that only people with certain inclinations and character make-up can meet. But what is the peculiarity of this profession, you will learn from our article.

Who is a biologist?

From Greek biology translated as "life science" (bios - life, logos - science). Accordingly, the name of the profession of a biologist indicates that this is a specialist who studies aspects of the life of all living organisms on planet Earth. That is, his close attention is drawn to the origin, evolution, growth and development of living organisms, regardless of whether it is a microbe, plant or animal.

Biology was officially separated into an independent branch of science only in the 19th century. However, its formation dates back to even more ancient times. It is known that already the great Aristotle in the 4th century BC. made the first attempts to streamline information about nature, highlighting four stages in it: people, animals, plants, the inorganic world.

Today, the profession of a biologist brings together specialists of very different specializations, each of whom is studying only a certain class of representatives of living organisms. For example, anatomists and physiologists study the structure and features of human life, zoologists specialize in animal anatomy and physiology, and a botanist is engaged in the plant world. And this is not a complete list of biologist's specialization. There are also such modern areas as genetics, microbiology, biotechnology, embryology, breeding, biophysics, biochemistry, virology, etc.

But in any case, whatever specialization you choose biologist, his duties are almost identical. The duties of any biologist include: studying, systematizing, studying the general properties and patterns of development of a particular group of living organisms, conducting research in laboratory conditions, analyzing the results obtained and issuing practical recommendations to improve conditions within the framework of his specialization, etc.

What personal qualities should a biologist have?

It is not difficult to guess that a biologist, first of all, must love nature and be interested in the appearance and development of life on Earth. In addition, a true biologist is distinguished by:

analytical and logical mindset;
curiosity and patience;
accuracy and care;
observation and rich imagination;
well-developed figurative visual memory;
perseverance and ability to concentrate attention;
responsibility and honesty.

It should be noted that since biologist work involves participation in laboratory research, in which various chemical preparations are often used, the specialist should not have a tendency to allergies.

The benefits of being a biologist

As mentioned above, biology is an actively developing branch of science, which opens up huge prospects for career growth and self-realization for specialists. Another undoubted advantage of the biology profession is its relevance. According to labor market experts, this profession in the coming years may become one of the most demanded and highly paid ones.

An important advantage of this profession is also a wide variety of institutions and organizations in which you can show your talent and professional skills. Today, biologists are gladly recruited in laboratories at research institutes, environmental organizations, reserves, botanical and ecological gardens, research institutes, environmental organizations, agricultural and educational sectors (schools, colleges, universities).

Disadvantages of the biology profession

Despite the fact that biology is one of the most demanded branches of science in the world, in Russia this field of activity is still at the stage of formation, so the salary of biologists is low. Especially if they work in government institutions (for example, in laboratories at research institutes or schools).

The work of a "practicing" biologist (a specialist who studies living organisms in their natural environment) involves frequent business trips. These specialists can be found everywhere: in the desert, and in the tundra, and high in the mountains, and in the field and at an experimental agricultural station. Naturally, it is not always possible to conduct research in comfortable conditions, therefore, future biologists must be prepared for life in Spartan conditions.

For successful employment of young specialists, more often than not, theoretical training alone is not enough. therefore biology students it is necessary to take care of practical work experience in advance (that is, while still in the learning process, look for work in a specialty that is as close as possible to the future profession).

Where can you get the profession of biology?

It is very easy to acquire the profession of a biologist in Russia today, since almost every medical university has specialized faculties (biological, bioengineering, agronomic, etc.). Therefore, the choice of this or that university depends solely on personal interests and capabilities. Naturally, there are undoubted leaders among universities, biology graduates which receive high-paying job much more often than graduates of other educational institutions. Therefore, if you are interested in successful employment, we recommend that you, first of all, try to become a student of such universities as:

Moscow state University them. M.V. Lomonosov - Faculty of Biology;
Russian State Agrarian University - Moscow Agricultural Academy K.A. Timiryazeva - faculties: agronomic, soil science, zooengineering, agrochemistry and ecology, gardening and vegetable growing;
St. Petersburg State University - Faculty of Biology and Soil Science;
Moscow State University of Applied Biotechnology - faculties: automation of biotechnical systems and food biotechnology;
Moscow State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology. K.I. Scriabin - faculties: zootechnology and agribusiness, veterinary and biological.

Scientists of the 19th century discovered that living organisms differ in some characteristics. To conduct their research, study the structure, features of interaction with each other, evolutionary development, from the generalized field of natural science, a separate part of it was isolated - biology. Modern science is based on five basic principles: the study of cell theory, evolution, genetics, homeostasis and energy. And if you ask the question in which professions biology is needed, then you can make an impressive list of all types of human activity where fundamental or general knowledge of science is needed.

It is difficult to imagine a person who would not be interested in birds, animals or plants. But there are people who want to devote themselves to a profession related to living organisms, to comprehend this mysterious and mysterious world... To touch the secrets, to unravel natural patterns pushes many to choose a profession in science, medicine, education, agriculture, industry. Applied areas of the use of biology are reflected in the activities:

pharmacists;
doctors;
paramedics;
veterinarians;
ecologists;
zoologists and others.

Experts use the acquired knowledge in medicine, pharmacology, food Industry and other areas of the national economy.

Who is a biologist

The biology profession unites a wide range of specialties where you can realize your interests and acquired knowledge. In each separate area, a person is engaged in a certain type of representatives of biological individuals. Physiologists, anatomists master skills by studying the characteristics of the human body's life, zoologists cannot do without knowledge of anatomical mechanisms in animals, botanists comprehend the multifaceted cellular world of plants. The specialization of a biologist has a rather extensive list of professions, to devote oneself to which means - to know the multifaceted animal, plant world or the human body.

There are a number of advanced research areas in genetics, microbiology, biotechnology, biophysics, biochemistry, virology, and other areas. But whatever the focus, responsibilities come down to solving the same tasks:

research;
systematization of the laws of development of a certain group of organisms;
conducting laboratory experiments;
analysis of results;
providing specific recommendations for the application of methods and developments.

Professions related to biology have always been of fantastic popularity; not a single industry, where doctors, livestock breeders, livestock specialists, and breeders work, can do without them.

Specialists are always needed at zoos, circuses, nature reserves, botanical gardens, hospitals, research laboratories.

The field of application of knowledge of biology with a rapidly developing scientific base makes it possible not only to comprehend certain patterns of vital activity of living organisms, but to be able to preserve the natural balance. A person who has devoted himself to a profession where biological knowledge is required can realize his capabilities in scientific institutes, environmental organizations, ecological communities, nature reserves, botanical gardens, and other associations.

Agriculture is one of the areas of human employment where specialists need a certain level of knowledge in the field of plant cultivation and protection. A stock of biological knowledge helps breeders to take care of crops with dignity. Agronomist needs to apply different methods fight against harmful insects, prevent plant diseases, fight their manifestations. The specialist organizes work to prepare the soil for sowing, planting crops, and also maintains the proper level of storage of the harvested crop. Profitability depends on his qualifications farms, which significantly affects the well-being of both the working collective and the development of agriculture in general.

Ecologist profession

The desire of humanity to improve the world with industrial achievements negatively affects the natural balance throughout the territory of our planet. Engineers ‒ environmentalists are called upon to monitor how polluted water bodies, air, balance of flora and fauna. Specialists are entrusted with studying the consequences of the impact of space rocket launches, they also prevent environmental pollution from the effects of harmful industrial waste, including radioactive ones.

In the profession of an ecologist, deep knowledge of physics, biology, chemistry helps to cope with various disruptions in the work of many enterprises. Sometimes people are at risk as they often work in extreme conditions. But the profession of an ecologist has a promising future. She attracts people who are hardy, with a fighting character, a wide soul, an open heart.

Landscape designers

The attraction of citizens to create the comfort and beauty of their homes, in the areas around offices, houses, and personal plots has grown so much over the past decades that the profession of a designer is the most popular and in demand. After all, now people not only decorate territories with high-tech building materials, but they also try to decorate them with fresh flowers, shrubs, and other plants. Interest in the profession is also due to the fact that the combination of fundamental knowledge of biology and architecture makes it possible to work successfully and make a dizzying career. The work of a designer is considered prestigious not only for all countries of the world, but also for Russia.

Medical workers

Every student knows that knowledge of biology is needed in all areas of medical activity. A thorough study of biological processes inside the body allows you to effectively prevent various diseases, diagnose diseases, and treat them. Chemistry, physics - these sciences are closely related to biology. As a result, the profession of biophysicist or biochemist allows you to comprehend the secrets of natural processes inside organisms. Engineers in this area come into contact with living things, they use the latest advanced technologies to further solve the most difficult problems in medicine and other areas.

Humanity has achieved tremendous results in medical care. Many diseases are a thing of the past, and surgeons perform unique operations on heart and other organ transplants. Perhaps, in the near or distant future, biologists will find an elixir of health, beauty and eternal youth!

Everything related to life on Earth is a part of biology, which is the study of life. Why is biology needed? This science touches on many aspects of human existence, there is a huge number of professions that in one way or another affect this fundamental science. This list includes career growth and an unlimited number of employment options.

Biological sciences

Why is biology needed? - one of the broadest and most important areas in the world today. Biology covers everything from molecular research life processes down to studying animals and what can you do with a biology degree? Depending on individual interests and preferences, you can choose any profession you like in such areas as healthcare, medicine, environment, education, biotechnology, forensics, politics and many others.

Why study biology?

What is biology for? Learning it teaches you to ask questions, make comments, evaluate evidence, and solve problems. Biologists will learn how living things interact with each other, what they are made of and how they develop. They study evolution, natural history and protection of rare plant and animal species, as well as study the interactions of living organisms with light, the environment, and with each other.

What do biologists do?

Biologists study the natural world using the latest scientific technologies, tools and methods, both in the laboratory and in the natural environment, to understand how living systems work. Why do they need biology? Many work in exotic locations around the world, and what they discover may find practical use to solve specific problems. Biologists are developing public health campaigns to fight diseases such as tuberculosis, AIDS, cancer and heart disease. Their mission is also to prevent the spread of rare, incurable diseases such as the infamous Ebola virus.

What professions do biology need?

Where is biology needed? Knowing biology can lead to a career in pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, or medical research. These industries help to better understand the natural world, address issues of personal well-being, and also address the topic of deterioration environmentthat threatens human health and the depletion of natural and food supplies.

Veterinarians treating sick and injured animals, doctors, dentists, nurses and others medical workers support the overall health and well-being of their patients. Many of these professions require additional education and vocational training... In the field of nature management and environmental protection, biologists are engaged in solving environmental problems and preserving natural diversity for future generations.

Biology (English - Biology, French - Biologie, German - Biologie, Italian - Biologia, Spanish - Biologia) The term BIOLOGY comes from two Greek words bios - life and logos - a word, teaching and was proposed in 1802. two scientists - the Frenchman J. B. Lamarck and the German G. R. Treviranus, independently of each other. Biology is a complex of knowledge about life and a set of scientific disciplines that study living things. Biology examines the diversity of existing and extinct living things, their structure, functions, origin, evolution, distribution and individual development, connections with each other, between communities and with inanimate nature. Biology considers general and particular laws inherent in life in all its manifestations and properties: metabolism, reproduction, heredity, variability, adaptability, growth, development, irritability, mobility, etc. Biology includes the following disciplines: zoology, botany, microbiology, ecology, etc.

Directions of biology science:

botany;
zoology.

Human nature

Professions: seed breeder, livestock breeder, livestock technician, agronomist, dog handler, laboratory assistant for chemical and bacteriological analysis, etc.

Among the professions of the "man - nature" type, one can single out the professions, the subject of work of which: plant organisms, animal organisms, microorganisms, i.e. natural cycle professions.

These are professions related to agriculture, food industry, medicine and scientific research (biology, geography). Oddly enough, a certain interest in nature (although, of course, not the main one) should have a psychologist, a tourism and hotel business manager ...

This division does not mean, of course, that human labor is directed only to the above-mentioned objects. Growers, for example, work in a team, use a variety of techniques, deal with issues economic assessment of their labor. Still, the main object of attention and concerns of plant breeders is plants and their environment of existence.

On the other hand, when choosing a profession of this type, it is very important to figure out exactly how you relate to nature: as a place for rest or as a workshop in which you are going to devote all your strength to production.

And one more thing that must be taken into account when choosing a profession. The peculiarity of biological objects of labor is that they are complex, changeable (according to their internal laws), non-standard. Plants, animals and microorganisms live, grow, develop, and also get sick and die. An employee needs not only to know a lot about living organisms, but to anticipate possible changes in them, which are sometimes irreversible. A person needs initiative and independence in solving specific labor problems, care, foresight.

Botany

Botany (from the Greek "botane" - grass, greenery), or phytology (from the Greek "fiton" - plant and "logos" - doctrine), - the science of plants, their structure, biology, physiology, ecology, distribution, evolution and taxonomy. These questions are studied by independent sciences. For example, plant morphology studies external structure, the shape of individual organs, their change depending on external conditions and in the process of development.

Plant anatomy studies their internal structure.

Plant physiology examines the processes occurring in the plant organism. Plant taxonomy classifies and reveals the relationship between plants. Plant geography studies the patterns and reasons for the distribution of plants on the globe, reveals the boundaries of their distribution.

Ecology studies the relationship between plants and the environment, the influence of various factors on plants.

Geobotany studies the composition, structure, development and distribution of plant communities (phytocenoses) in connection with the characteristics of the habitat, their use and the possibility of transformation.

Paleobotany is the science of extinct fossil plants from past geological eras. Phytopathology studies diseases, plant pests and develops measures to combat them. Modern stage development of botany is characterized by its links with other sciences. The value of plants in nature, the national economy and human life is determined by their ability, using the energy of light, to create organic matter from inorganic (photosynthesis). Green plants enrich the atmosphere with oxygen necessary for the breathing of living creatures that inhabit the Earth. Plants absorb water and minerals dissolved in the soil. The elements contained in them are included in the composition of organic compounds, which are used to build the body of the plant itself and serve as food for animals and humans. Plants are used by humans not only as a source of food, but also as raw materials for various industries: food, textile, paper, chemical, etc. Depending on their use, plants are divided into groups: cereals (wheat, rice, corn, etc.); fruit (apple, pear, cherry, etc.); legumes (peas, beans, soybeans, etc.); oilseeds (sunflower, flax, etc.); sugary (sugar beet, sugar cane, etc.); fibrous (cotton, flax, etc.); essential oil (coriander, lavender, etc.); rubbery (guayula, hevea, etc.); decorative (rose, chrysanthemum, aster, etc.); medicinal (valerian, sage, belladonna, etc.). These are mainly cultivated plants, but people also use many wild plants for their needs. The diversity of the flora is manifested in life form (trees, shrubs, shrubs, grasses), structure and life span (annuals, biennials, perennials), growing conditions, methods of reproduction. Along with highly organized multicellular organisms, there are also unicellular organisms. Plant organisms can be found in soil, water, and air (in forests, fields, lakes, rivers and seas). Plants are seedless, i.e., spread by spores (algae, mosses, ferns), and seed, i.e. propagating by seeds: gymnosperms and angiosperms (flowering). Among flowering plants, annuals are distinguished, which live one year, during which they grow from seeds, bloom, bear fruit and die off. Biennials live for two years. In the first year, the vegetative part of the plant develops from the seeds, in the second year, a flowering shoot is formed. After fruiting, biennials die off. Perennials live for more than two years, some up to 100 years or more. An example of longevity can be considered sequoias, according to research they live for more than one hundred years. Having reached a certain age, perennials can bloom and bear fruit every year. Annuals and biennials are herbaceous plants, and perennials can be both herbaceous and shrubby or woody plants. Herbs is the life form of plants with succulent, green, and not completely lignified shoots. Shrubs are a life form of perennial plants with several skeletal axes (the main trunk develops only at the beginning of life). Trees are a life form of perennial plants with one stem (trunk) that persists throughout its life. All this is characteristic of higher plants that are divided into leaves, stems, and roots. The lower plants have no root, stem and leaf dissection. The body of the lower plants is called thallus or thallus (from the Greek "tallos" - sprout). The flora of the world is rich and diverse and has more than 500 thousand species. In it you can find microscopic algae and giant-sized trees invisible to the naked eye. Some tropical lianas and seaweed grow up to 100 m or more in length. The whole world of living organisms is divided into two large groups: prenuclear (prokaryotes) and nuclear (eukaryotes). Pre-nuclear organisms include bacteria and cyanea (earlier they were called blue-green algae), which are part of the kingdom of Drobyanka. In nuclear organisms from the kingdoms of Mushrooms, Plants and Animals, the nucleus is an indispensable structural element of the cell.

Zoology

Vertebrate zoology studies animal organisms belonging to the chordate type. Important branches of vertebrate zoology for the studied taxa: ichthyology (the science of bony fish), herpetology (the science of scaly reptiles), ornithology (the science of birds), theriology (the science of terrestrial mammals)

Genetics

(from the Greek γενητως - originating from someone) - the science of the laws and mechanisms of heredity and variability. Part of general biology. Her achievements are used in the field of genetic engineering. Originally, genetics studied the general laws of heredity and variation based on phenotypic data.

Understanding the mechanisms of heredity, that is, the role of genes as elementary carriers of hereditary information, the chromosomal theory of heredity, etc., became possible with the application of methods of cytology, molecular biology, and other related disciplines to the problem of heredity. Today it is known that genes really exist and are specially marked sections of DNA or RNA - a molecule in which all genetic information is encoded. In eukaryotic organisms, DNA is folded into chromosomes and is located in the cell nucleus. In addition, their own DNA is found inside mitochondria and chloroplasts (in plants). In prokaryotic, it is usually closed in a ring (plasmid) and is located in the cytoplasm. There can be several plasmids.

Selection

The science of creating new breeds of animals, varieties of plants, strains of microorganisms. Selection is also called a branch of agriculture, which is engaged in the development of new varieties and hybrids of agricultural crops and animal breeds. General information about selection

Genetics is the theoretical basis of selection, since it is the knowledge of the laws of genetics that allows you to purposefully manage the appearance of mutations, predict the results of crossing, and correctly select hybrids. As a result of the application of knowledge in genetics in practice, it was possible to create more than 10,000 wheat varieties based on several original wild varieties, to obtain new strains of microorganisms that secrete food proteins, medicinal substances, vitamins, etc.

The tasks of modern breeding include the creation of new and improvement of existing varieties of plants, animal breeds and strains of microorganisms.

Long-term selection work has made it possible to breed dozens of breeds of domestic chickens, distinguished by high egg production, high weight, bright colors, etc. And their common ancestor is the Bankleaf chicken from Southeast Asia. Wild representatives of the gooseberry genus do not grow on the territory of Russia. However, on the basis of the rejected gooseberry species, found in Western Ukraine and the Caucasus, more than 300 varieties have been obtained, many of which bear fruit perfectly in Russia.

An outstanding geneticist and breeder, academician NI Vavilov, wrote that breeders should study and take into account in their work the following main factors: the initial varietal and species diversity of plants and animals; hereditary variability; the role of the environment in the development and manifestation of the traits necessary for the breeder; patterns of inheritance during hybridization; forms of artificial selection, aimed at isolating and consolidating the necessary features.

Experts say that the optimal way of choosing a profession is based on three pillars: “I want”, “I can” and “I must”

What I want is professional inclinations and interests. I can - human abilities. It is necessary - the requirements of the labor market, the demand for a similar profession and the specifics of this demand.

No. Occupation type Examples of occupations with higher education Examples of professions with an average vocational education 1 person - nature Veterinarian, geneticist, agronomist, biologist, microbiologist, soil scientist, anthropologist, ichthyologist, zoopsychologist, ecologist, breeder and others 2 people - technician Biotechnologist, materials scientist 3 people - person Teacher, doctor, psychologist, employee of the Ministry of Emergency Situations, Nurse 4 people - sign Chemist, biologist, bioengineer Meteorologist 5 people - artistic image Technologist of artistic metal processing (jeweler), landscape designer, make-up artist Make-up artist, florist

Materials technology: material technologist, rubber technologist, glass technologist, fuel and energy industry technologist, food technologist, artistic metal processing technologist (jeweler), nano technologist

Security specialist chemical protection, on biological protection, on radiation safety, criminalist officers.

In agriculture: agronomist, livestock breeder, veterinarian, breeder, plant protection specialist, ecologist, agricultural technician, landscape designer.

Medicine - doctors, laboratory doctors, paramedics, geneticists, nurses, doctors of the Ministry of Emergencies.

A specialty is the name of a specific type of professional training, which ends with the assignment of a qualification (for example, a bachelor's, specialist's or master's).

Valeolog is a specialist in human health preservation and disease prevention, giving recommendations on the formation healthy way life in order to improve the quality of life, social adaptation, improving performance and active longevity of people.

Anesthesiologist-resuscitator is a doctor who ensures the painlessness of surgical interventions, as well as the patient's safety during and after surgery.

A chiropractor is a doctor who treats the spine, muscles and joints by manipulating them with his hands.

A phoniatrist is a doctor who specializes in voice problems.

A pharmacist is a highly qualified pharmacist who has the right to independent pharmaceutical work (manufacture of medicines) and to manage a pharmacy.

Hematologist - detects and treats blood diseases. ...

Andrologist Venereologist Virologist Ambulance doctor Gynecologist Dermatologist Dental technician Immunologist Infectionist Cardiologist Cardiac surgeon Cosmetologist Speech therapist Neurologist Neuropathologist Neurosurgeon Nephrologist Oculist Oncologist Orthopedist Otorhinolaryngologist Pediatrician Proctologist Sexologist Sports doctor Dentist Therapist Therapist

The field of information technology is one of the most promising. Their distribution and influence on human life is already enormous, and in the future will only increase. IT Professionals and Computer Hardware Developers

The profession of an engineer is already becoming more and more in demand. In Russia, there is an acute shortage of professional production specialists. An important point: Engineers with a combination of technical and liberal arts education will be especially appreciated. Engineers

A biotechnologist is engaged in developments in the field of molecular medicine, biology, biopharmaceutical production and other industries. Electronics and Biotechnology Specialists

There is a forecast that in about 10 to russian market goods and services will become oversaturated. To sell them, you will need specially trained people - marketers. They will do much the same thing as they do now - strategy, leadership, networking, and so on - but on a broader level. Marketers

If the level of income growth of the population of our country does not decrease (and according to forecasts it will increase), then the size of the middle class and the general standard of living will increase significantly. This means that there will be an increase in the need for quality service and, therefore, for service professions. Service-related specialists

They organize the delivery and transportation of goods, their storage, solve transport issues, organize communication between production, warehouse, customs, and the customer. This challenging profession will require good training and quality education. Logisticians

The problems of environmental pollution, climate change and lack of resources are becoming the most urgent today. Environmentalists are called to deal with these problems and look for new and modern ways to solve them. Ecologists

The widest field of activity awaits physicians: from the cultivation of artificial organs to the use of nanotechnology. The medical profession will probably never lose its relevance and relevance. Medicine as a science is becoming more and more complex, and doctors require more and more knowledge and more and more extensive and deep education. Medics

First of all, chemists will be involved in the energy sector, in particular, in the development of alternative energy sources. Chemists

Choice Sites educational institution Portal https: // www. ucheba. ru / section "For senior pupils and entrants" ("universities") - search for a university where your profession is taught. A complete list of specialties that are presented in Moscow universities can be found on the website http: // www. provuz. ru /. By clicking on the number of the specialty, we get a list of Moscow universities teaching this specialty.

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