Professions related to history. Profession without vacancies: how to work as a historian. Useful video: the profession of a historian

In fact, it is very difficult to imagine where and in what specialties knowledge is needed, and even more so a complete study of history, and where it would be superfluous. Almost any field of human activity, whether it be carpentry, military affairs, metallurgy, mathematics, or playing the guitar, is connected with history.

Starting any new and unfamiliar business, new specialty, we first look for its origins, and studying the theory, we are faced with the history of the emergence of a particular kind of occupation. But this is rather connected with its superficial study, and as for specific professions that require historical education, we will discuss below in the lists of professions directly related to the study of historical science.

Top five professions requiring a history degree

List of professions

This article will focus on the following professions:

archaeologist;
ethnographer;
political scientist;
culturologist;
archivist.

Of course, a lot of professions can be added to this meager list, for example: military or military historian, sociologist, lawyer, etc., but in order not to bother the reader with a lot of information, we will offer only five specialties requiring a historical education.

So, the first field of science on the list, requiring historical education- this is archeology, without which, in principle, history itself would be impossible, at least, it would have a lot of gaps, unable to fill them with theoretical knowledge. Archeology is probably the most romantic science, insofar as it is simply impossible to study it while sitting in stuffy rooms. On the other hand, archeology requires constant trips to nature to search for missing fragments in the study of a particular era, and the artifacts found are then kindly provided for detailed analysis by historians.

The first to use the term archeology was Plato, and it happened in the distant fourth century BC. Over the course of time, this saying changed its meaning several times, but basically its whole meaning was in the study of some material of historical significance.

The birth of archeology as we know it now was in the eighteenth century during the French Revolution. The first city that fell into the interest of French archaeologists was Pompeii, which rested under the lava. Then, with the advance of the troops to the east, massive excavations were carried out in the territory of the former Mesopotamia and Egypt, where, as a result of painstaking work, the famous Rosetta Stone was found in the latter, which marked the beginning of the study of ancient languages.

Archeology is truly the first among the historical sciences. She carefully takes away long-lost and forgotten relics from the bosom of the earth, passing them on to the study of present and future generations to learn about history.

The second science on the list that cannot do without a historian is ethnography. In Greek, ethnography literally means description of peoples, that is, a science that studies the history of ethnic communities. In the west it is known as anthropology, which has the same meaning.

The first scientist in the field of ethnography is considered Herodotus. Thanks to the rapid advance and development of the Greek colonies, he had an excellent the opportunity to travel and work, describing the culture and life of ancient tribes and peoples. Subsequently, following his example, every educated traveler considered it his duty to bring home stories about previously unknown nationalities. So, gradually, centuries later, ethnography developed and, having withstood the test of time, has come down to us.

Ethnography is an amazing science, because for a complete report and understanding, the student has to live for a certain time among people whose way of life differs from the generally accepted one. The researcher collects fairy tales, legends, carefully studies the area and various natural phenomena that can affect people living in a certain area. And although this is a historical science, its path can lead the seeker to where he did not think to be.

Where else can you work with a historical education? Well, probably everyone knows that a person involved in politics, and even more so studying it, is simply obliged to know history. After all, it is impossible to plan and analyze state issues without having certain guidelines for doing business, which history kindly provides, having centuries of experience behind it. And consequently, the third profession in the list that requires a historical education will be a political scientist.

Political science, unlike the humanities mentioned above, science is more precise although it has a lot of different, and sometimes even creative solutions to the same problem. After all, political science science is purely human and real, designed to streamline the life and actions of people as part of the state, and not a separate society.

No matter how significant and educated politicians may look, in reality, they are unable to work without the advice of a political scientist. All government affairs go through their clear, cold-blooded and balanced analysis. A political scientist has no chance of making a mistake, because the fate of millions depends on him, and, no less important, in what light his neighbors see a particular country. A real political scientist is rarely seen on TV screens or shouting from the podium about new reforms. Often these people are in the shadows, day and night honing their command of the word and the law.

What other science does not do without knowledge of history? Well, of course, this is cultural studies, which will take fourth place in this list of professions related to history.

Who is a culturologist and what should he do to maintain this status? Well, the name probably speaks for itself: a culturologist is one who studies the characteristics of a particular people, namely:

The study of culture is not easy, but fascinating. The researcher will need knowledge in history, ethnography, architecture, literature, and also need to know all the features of the religion and political activities of the people.

A culturologist is a rather responsible profession, because his thinking and views shape people's perception of another culture and their own. The culturologist is directly connected with such a wonderful profession as art critic, insofar as art occupies a high position in the cultural niche of a certain society and remarkably characterizes this or that people. And therefore, in the form of an addition, you can also add an art critic to the list.

And finally, the last profession in the list of top five professions related to history is an archivist. The main task of the archivist (archivist) is the protection of documents of national importance, that is, their cataloging and clear accounting for further use by the same historians.

Archivers reliably stand behind the safety of all documentation of previous generations. Under their clear supervision, not a single information will disappear, not a single person who had the opportunity to live under the sun. In order to work as an archivist, you need a lot of patience, an analytical mind, the ability to digest a huge amount of information, to give each piece of paper its place. Archivists can also deal with research work to study the values of the incoming material.

The study of history and all its branches is the most exciting robot in the world. What could be more beautiful than exploring hitherto unknown antiquities, artifacts, works of art, the discovery of which can turn the world upside down. Hundreds and thousands of historians around the world, day and night, work tirelessly to shed light for the average layman on the secrets of the past that directly affect today's reality and ourselves.

The school subject of social science is a unique complex of bases for such sciences as sociology, political science, law, economics, philosophy and others. The subject of these sciences is society, so this subject is of interest to many children. The topics of the school course are simple and easy, the social studies exam is considered one of the easiest (which is not so!), As a result, almost all applicants pass it, which makes this subject not so valuable.

What professions are associated with social studies? How can you get them? How relevant are they?

Diplomat

The profession of a diplomat has always been mysterious, dark for ordinary people and prestigious. A diplomat works hard and constantly improves his skills. The specialist must have an excellent memory and extensive knowledge. Learn poems to train your memory a little. Extensive knowledge is obtained by reading literature: scientific and artistic. A diplomat cannot afford to burst into tears or laughter in the midst of a business meeting, so he must possess such qualities as composure, tact, and be able to restrain emotions.

The task of a diplomat is to resolve conflicts and engage in foreign policy. A specialist has many responsibilities, so only a healthy, hardy and trained person can become a diplomat.

Education: faculty international relations, world economy or world politics.

Lawyer

A lawyer is a specialist in law. It can be a teacher, a lawyer, a prosecutor, a judge or a consultant, an investigator, and much more. A lawyer is one of those professions that are distinguished by their versatility and choice of activities: from branches of law to positions. Everyone will find what he does best and is interesting to him. There has been a lot of talk lately that the profession of a lawyer is too widespread, that the labor market is oversaturated. On the one hand, one can agree with this, but on the other hand, some of the law has grown insufficiently popular in our country and there are few specialists working on it. For example, judicial and antimonopoly practice.

Education: law at a university, you can start with a college majoring in "jurisprudence", "jurisprudence", "law enforcement", and then go to university. It all depends on your aspirations, interests and goals, the possibilities of your city, your knowledge.

Social teacher

The profession of a teacher is closely connected with social science, because he needs to communicate correctly with students and present material, know the characteristics of childhood and adolescence, and know the basics of psychology. Social teacher is a teacher who decides questions on the adaptation of the child at school. He helps the children to solve their internal problems, conflicts with classmates and teachers. But alas, not all children and teachers turn to them, considering it something shameful.

Education: specialty "social work"

Culturologist

Culturologists lead teaching activities, work in museums, compose abstracts, articles on the topic of art, biographies of figures, compile dictionaries, reference books and textbooks, develop educational programs. Primary occupation - scientific work. They can work in schools, museums, universities, the media.

Education: Oriental and African Studies, Foreign Regional Studies, Arts and Humanities, Art History, Culturology, Museology and Protection of Cultural and Natural Heritage Sites, Musicology, Regional Studies of Russia, Social and Cultural Activities, Scenography, Theater Studies.

Psychotherapist

Without knowing the foundations of sociology and other sciences included in the complex of social science, it is impossible to become a psychotherapist. A psychotherapist is a specialist in identifying and treating mental disorders without medication. There are medical and non-medical psychotherapy, so there are two specialties - a psychotherapist and a psychotherapist. The second activity is similar to the work of a psychologist.

Education: to become a psychotherapist, you need to study at a medical university, to become a psychologist - at the faculty of "psychology", to become a clinical psychologist - "clinical psychology" at a medical university.

Journalist

The profession of a journalist is associated not only with literature, but also with history and social science. This is especially true for writing journalists who need to influence the public, win its attention, attract and make them think, and this is very difficult without knowledge of society, law, political science! In our time, there are more and more blogs, publications, Internet publications, television programs. Of course, no one will immediately hire you to work for Channel One, but you can easily find a job in a local newspaper or magazine! If you want to become a journalist, then you need to think about it now - many institutes require information about your publications, essay contests and similar events.

Education: faculty "Journalism"

Financier

The financier is engaged in conducting financial transactions. They can work in investment funds and financial companies, economic and financial services, banks and exchanges, government bodies federal, provincial and municipal level. As in the legal profession, the financier has a wide choice of areas of his activity. For example, economic activity, insurance.

Education: faculties "Economics", "Finance and Credit", "Banking", "Accounting and Audit", Finance.

Before every young person after he graduated from school, the question arises of how his life will develop further. Recently, the number of options provided to young people is incredibly numerous. Most often, teenagers make their choice at school, choosing a subject that they especially like. Where to enter and what professions are there if you like history?

Surely, the first thing that came to many minds was archeology. This is very interesting science, many films and games are made about it, which are in great demand. The same Indiana Jones or Lara Croft - they are all favorites of many. Archeology is an incredibly interesting science that can really be fun. However, many dismiss this science, although studying to be an archaeologist is actually not difficult. The learning process is interesting, although there is not so much practice in it.

Another profession related to history is cultural studies. Many choose this particular industry, because here you can delve into the culture and customs of various peoples. In addition, such people may well teach their subject in various educational institutions, thanks to which you can make good money, but in general, cultural studies are not something highly paid, which is why many young people simply do not pay attention to it when choosing future profession. What other professions related to history are there that can be useful to graduates? Consider a few of them, which are in special demand in our area.

A political scientist is a person who, as the name implies, studies politics, or rather the political state of certain powers, analyzes the data received, and then is able to use them, also speaking in various institutions with his reports and articles. The specialty is very interesting, and also directly related to travel-related professions, which is already very interesting. Political scientists are also able to understand how this or that ruler ruled his people, what he focused on, where he made accents, and also what were his problems. Each of us, probably, is interested in the topic of politics, which has recently been gaining more and more of the most diverse opinions. Expert thinking in this matter will be at least interesting. In addition, you will learn how to calmly prove your point of view, as well as reflect on what mistakes current politicians have.

And this is only a small fraction of those professions that are associated with history. Law and jurisdiction are also related to history, though not directly. In any case, professions that are related to this subject can not only be interesting, but also bring you considerable profit.

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Lesson-conversation on the topic

"The school subject is the basis of my future profession."

"History is the basis of many professions."

"History is the teacher of life" - says the motto of people who study history as a science. No less remarkable is another Latin saying, the author of which is Cicero “History is the teacher of life. Because not knowing what was before you were born means to remain a child forever. These statements and many others mean that history is an extraordinary, always modern and “living” science.

Initially, the term "history" in translation from the ancient Greek language meant "investigation, recognition, establishment, questioning." In the explanatory dictionary, "history" is interpreted as a humanitarian science that studies a person, his activities, worldview in the past. The etymological dictionary explains that the word "history" came from the Greek language and comes from the Proto-Indo-European word wid-tor, where the root "weid" means "to know, to see" in Russian is represented by the words "to see, to know."

Like many sciences, history got its start in the Hellenistic period, thanks to such names as Thucydides (his work "History of the Peloponnesian Wars"), Homer (poems "Iliad" and "Odyssey"), Heraclitus, Aristotle and, of course, Herodotus, who is considered the "father of history".

In modern times, at the end of the 15th century in England, the term "history" began to be used as a sequence of past events. Since then, in a narrow sense, history as a science has been studying all kinds of sources about the past in order to establish the sequence of events, historical processes, the objectivity of facts and draw conclusions about the causes of events. And here the statement of the historian V.O. Klyuchevsky "History is a lantern to the future, which shines for us from the past" suggests itself.

The main goal of studying history in modern school- education, development and upbringing of the student's personality, capable of determining their value priorities on the basis of understanding the historical experience of their country and humanity as a whole, actively and creatively applying historical knowledge in educational and social activities. The knowledge gained in history lessons will be needed in Everyday life, for example, to support a discussion, a dispute on a political topic, on vacation abroad, where you need to know not only historical monuments, but also the culture and traditions of the visited country.

History is the basis of many professions. These are specialists such as archaeologists, archivists, lawyers, lawyers, diplomats, political technologists, guides, local historians, ethnographers, history teachers.

Among all these professions, we will focus on history teachers and ethnographers. But first, I would like to bring to your attention an essay by my eighth-grader on the topic “A school subject is the basis of my future profession” (without correcting speech errors) - “Probably every person who received an education had a favorite subject, a lesson to which the soul lies . After all, our interests at school lay the future profession. For example, if you are interested in history and social studies, then you can teach these subjects at school, be a teacher. The profession of a teacher is not only exciting, but also difficult. In addition to the fact that you must clearly explain the material to your students, you need to make the lesson interesting and original. Then the children will show interest and initiative. But every teacher uses the knowledge that was once given to him by his teacher. All this is reminiscent of the upbringing of children by parents. And when the child grows up, he uses the knowledge and experience that he received in the family. Also, the teacher, in a sense, wants his lesson to be interesting, like his “parent” once had. The profession of a teacher cannot be called unclaimed. For example, the job of a history teacher is to give knowledge about the history of the native state, explain the main points of the country's development, and much more. If this profession is excluded, then the students, as citizens of our state, will not know where they live and what events happened before them. But not everyone can teach at school. The teacher must have such qualities as a propensity to work with children, the ability to interest in his plan, to lead, high degree personal responsibility, self-control and balance, tolerance. Invaluable attitude towards people, interest and respect for another person, originality and tact. As far as I know, this profession cannot be called highly paid, but it seems to me that for a real teacher, the main thing is how his lessons will be useful to us, students in the future!”

I hope that after such a monologue, my advertisement of the teaching profession will no longer be needed, let's turn to the next profession - an ethnographer.

An ethnographer is a specialist who studies the history of peoples, their way of life, culture, and traditions.

On the Kola Peninsula, this profession cannot be called very popular, although every year there is an increasing interest in the history of such small peoples as the Saami and Komi. This is evidenced by the numerous expeditions of Ernst Muldashev, whose goal is the Noids (Saami shamans), and ethnographers are indispensable here.

The future ethnographer should have the following qualities: love to travel, know several languages, be sociable, physically enduring, inquisitive, have an analytical mindset, good memory, attention, the ability to hear and listen.

People with nervous mental illness, hearing and speech disorders, with weak physical development, weak-willed character, the profession of an ethnographer is contraindicated. Of course, with these shortcomings, you can get a higher education in the humanities in this specialty, but an ethnographer is a practitioner! Based on the research of these specialists, the national policy of the country and regions should be built.

Today, ethnographers are not in high demand in the labor market. Wages also can not be called attractive - junior Researcher receives about 13-14 thousand rubles a month. However, in the West, this profession has become promising: ethnographers work as consultants to oil and gas corporations who want to negotiate with the population living where, for example, oil production will begin.

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As soon as primitive people became a society, that is, a group of individuals who had common goals, interests and values, they tried to pass on from generation to generation the memory of the most significant events taking place in the life of the tribe. In these stories, authenticity was mixed with fiction, but the further humanity developed, the more real they became. And when writing appeared, history gradually turned into a scientific discipline, with which many activities are associated today.

History refers to the sciences of the social and humanitarian direction, studying the development of mankind as a society, its worldview and ideology. The list of professions associated with this discipline is very long, since it demonstrates the basic laws of the development of society, the knowledge of which is necessary for people of many specialties.

Many processes are greatly extended in time, therefore they are not as obvious as, for example, the law of universal gravitation, but they are just as real and inevitable, so that attempts to violate them due to ignorance or non-recognition are fraught with the most serious consequences, both for individual countries and peoples, and and for humanity as a whole.

Historian studies primary sources

Important! To be able to manage not only their present, but also, to some extent, the future, people must firmly remember the lessons of history.

History is the most important subject for anyone who wants to work in areas related to education, politics, lawmaking, people management.

Answering the question, what professions are associated with an in-depth study of this discipline, it is necessary to mention:

history teachers at all levels – from the course high school to higher specialized education;
historians who study the past of mankind in all its diversity and recreate pictures using various methodological methods real life, the states and peoples that exist now and have gone into the past;
conducting excavations, studying and systematizing material evidence of the deep past of mankind. There are many techniques with which you can work with historical material, "looking" into the past;
museum staff various directions- historical, local history, archaeological;
employees of archival institutions: archivists, archivists responsible for accounting, storage and systematization of documentary materials;
lawyers. Since lawmaking has developed along with mankind, the origins of many aspects of jurisprudence lie in the deep past of human civilization;
. Working in the field of international relations, it is necessary to know very well the history of one's own country and those states in establishing contacts with which the diplomat is directly involved;
politicians and political scientists. No one can be entitled to participate in the government of the state, make forecasts, comment and give recommendations on the adoption of politically important decisions, if he is not familiar enough with his history.

The historical profile includes the profession of an ethnologist, whose field of activity is at the intersection of cultural studies, sociology, anthropology and ethnography. All these sciences are also included in the field of history, and in their study it is one of the specialized disciplines.

They specialize in in-depth study of certain time periods of various states, as well as in narrower thematic areas.

For example, a military historian studies the problems of a particular war, from the nearest to us in time to long-past military campaigns, can tell about the reasons for its emergence and development, about military campaigns and central battles, about what preceded it, when, where and how it ended.

Thus, a specialist with a historical education will easily find many areas of activity where he can apply his knowledge. The choice of direction depends solely on the inclinations and abilities of a person with a degree in history.

Useful video: why and how to learn history

History plus literature

These two disciplines have much in common, since both belong to the group of humanities and require the ability to describe and present the facts of the past days in a competent and lexically rich literary language. The most famous professions related to history and literature at the same time:

a writer whose work is dedicated to real historical events;
editors and translators of works.

People of these professions should be well versed in the abundance of events and facts, selecting the most significant for the topic they have chosen. The profession of a military journalist also includes a mandatory deep knowledge of historical disciplines, only in this case a person will be able to write a competent and truthful article on military topics.

The description of long-standing events and the not-so-distant past is a fascinating read in itself. If you add literary fiction framed by real facts to it, you can create historical novels. Many classics of Russian literature wrote their masterpieces in this genre: Alexander Pushkin ("The Captain's Daughter"), Nikolai Gogol (), Leo Tolstoy ("War and Peace"), Alexei Tolstoy ("Peter the Great").

Nikolai Gogol "Taras Bulba"

Some authors have made the historical novel the main focus of their work. The books of the Russian writer of the Soviet period Valentin Pikul, whose characters live and act in different eras of Russian history, are widely known.

The most popular were:

"Favorite".
"Pen and sword".
"Bayazet".
"Katorga".
"Devilry".

This genre of literature plays a large positive role, helping to popularize history as a science among the broad masses, attracting schoolchildren and students to its study. If a novelist decides to create books in this direction, he must first deeply study the real events of the time he is going to write about, so that his works are fully consistent with historical truth. Therefore, in addition to literary education, it is desirable to receive an in-depth specialized education, thanks to which it will be possible to work with historical material at a professional level.

V. Pikul "Favorite"

How to get a diploma

Having learned for which professions historical science is needed, applicants and students of senior secondary school can begin to study it in depth. A historian is a specialist with a higher education, and you can get it in any profile. school teacher You can work in history by graduating from the Faculty of History of the Pedagogical Institute.

History faculties, available in all Russian universities of the humanities, provide more in-depth knowledge in this discipline. A graduate with a university degree can either be a high school teacher or devote himself to some other specialty in history.

When entering a university in order to obtain one of the above professions, applicants, in order to secure a place among students, should try to score as many points as possible when passing the unified state exam (USE) for a high school course in a number of humanitarian disciplines.

Let's list them:

and social science.
Russian language and literature.
Foreign language.

The term of study at the university is from four to six years, depending on the chosen form. higher education- Bachelor's or Master's degree.

Useful video: the profession of a historian

Conclusion

All professions, one way or another connected with history, are in demand on the labor market, but most in demand uses the profession of a school history teacher. It requires a good memory, logical thinking, a high level of concentration. Those who would like to devote a significant part of their lives to it must have a broad outlook, be erudite, possess such qualities of character as curiosity and creativity.

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