How to make a beautiful collage with your own hands. Creation of a unique collage from photos: execution options. Manufacturing with programs

Do you want to please your loved one, revive happy moments in your memory or decorate your interior with style? Make a beautiful photo collage with your own hands!

We love to look at ourselves, family and friends. We love to fix important events on the picture. But in the century digital technologies pictures are on a computer or phone, they are lost in social media feeds. Gradually, there are more folders with photos, and it becomes more difficult to find the necessary ones. And I really want to look at the brightest shots more often! Take and combine these pieces of life, assemble a beautiful, bright mosaic from them. This is what collages are for.

Most likely, you created your first collages as a child - school newspapers, gifts to relatives and friends. In order to make a collage of photographs, it was required to print them, prepare the base in the form of a Whatman sheet, board or canvas, cut out everything you need, arrange and stick. A difficult task that takes a lot of time, effort and resources - printing a photo alone is worth it. Now it is much easier to create a photo collage, since a special computer program has appeared.

In fact, this is still a do-it-yourself collage, because you choose the photos and come up with the design yourself. However, creating collages on a computer has a number of obvious advantages... Let's consider 5 main ones.

1. Save your time and resources

To create a classic collage, you will need a base made of paper, cardboard or wood, several photographs, colored paper, postcards and newspaper clippings, scissors, glue. This is at least, and more interesting works are decorated with fabrics, natural materials, beads and similar trifles.In order to start working, you need to clear the table, collect everything you need, lay out the elements on the base, experiment with the composition, and then cut and glue. We'll have to allocate a whole evening to do everything in one sitting - who wants to re-lay out all this office.

When working on a computer, you do not need to spend money on materials. No need to search or buy consumables, print photos in advance. You can devote at least half a day to your project, at least half an hour - and then just save and continue when time appears again. But the main thing is that the program has many ready-made design templates for different holidays... It's no secret that one of the most difficult stages is to come up with the composition and style of the future craft.

2. You have the right to make mistakes!

When working with paper, scissors and glue, you have no room for error. Cut off the excess - you need to take a new photo. Overdid it with glue - the same thing. Towards the end of the work, we realized that a different composition would have looked better, or that some important picture did not fit - we had to redo everything from scratch. The main rule of ordinary collages: measure seven times - cut one.

When creating a collage on your computer, you can experiment. Copied the original photo - and cut it as you like and as many times as you like. You can endlessly change the composition in search of the ideal. I didn't like it - they passed it on without spending a single sheet, not a drop of glue. And if suddenly something does not fit or, on the contrary, looks too small, you can simply stretch or shrink the image. Thus, working in the PhotoCollage program is much more comfortable psychologically, and the possibilities for creative experiments are wider.

3. Unlimited space for creativity in design

In addition to the actual photographs, collages use many other elements. These can be clippings from glossy magazines, figures made of colored paper, old bills and coins, buttons, pieces of fabric or foil - everything that can be found in the bins. This is definitely not in the program, you might think, and you will be mistaken. The new version of Photo COLLAGE includes all the decor elements.

You can add beautiful lettering without worrying about the letters getting different sizes or slopes, as is often the case with handwriting. You can add photo frames using ready-made templates, or come up with your own in the constructor. You can add eye-catching photo filters to your photos, or use masks for more interesting edge framing.

You can decorate the collage with cliparts - pictures on a transparent background. Use a catalog with presets or add your own elements by cutting them out of any images - just like in real life... You can even make inserts from newspapers that are popular in collages - after all, most publications now have electronic versions. Go to the site and take a screenshot of the title you like, and then just overlay it. And you can specifically look for a substrate for craft paper, newsprint or gloss by typing text on it in a beautiful font. By the way, with the help of the program you can create not only collages, but also postcards, and even photo books.

4. Embody the wildest ideas

Different colors, sizes and shapes of elements are creative chaos that can turn into harmony in a bizarre way. A more conservative option is to choose images that are similar in shape, size and tone. You will get a strict and stylish collage. The extreme form is strict geometry (for example, 16 square photos combined into a 4x4 square). And that can look delicious too!

Even a graveyard of fridge magnets can be turned into a masterpiece of art with time and taste. If you don’t really know which design will fit well into your interior or the interior of the person to whom you want to present a collage of photographs, you will have to experiment. It's a shame to make a collage with your own hands, and then find out that it did not fit the style or just physically does not fit on the wall.

Agree that it is easier to shuffle pictures to achieve the ideal on the monitor screen than to drive in and pull nails out of the wall or stick and peel off an adhesive tape. And what, for technical reasons, is unrealistic to do with physical objects (for example, put plates or paintings on top of each other) wooden frames), possibly with virtual ones. Here, the only limit to creativity is your imagination.

5. Produce and multiply

The classic collage will remain one and only, but it is difficult to consider it an advantage. For example, you decide to prepare a gift for all your colleagues or a few close friends. Do a few pieces by hand? Or you need the same collage, but in different sizes. Or you want to repeat your successful work in a year. Recall? It is hardly possible to make the same collage with your own hands.

In the Photo COLLAGE program, you can select any format and size of the collage base you need for subsequent printing. Fortunately, now photo shops also print large-sized images - for example, A3 or A2. The choice of paper (glossy or matte) and lamination is already a matter of having free money. Finished project you can always edit, replace or add photos. And of course electronic version you can send it to your friends over the Internet or print it as many times as you like.

We also promised you examples and ideas for inspiration. In the gallery below there are 10 striking works created using the Photo COLLAGE program. Do you want to make the same collages from your photos? Just .

	Introduction ………………………………………………………… ..
1.	Historical background. ………………………………………… ..4
2.	Basic types and styles of collages ………… ... ………… ..7
3.	Types of collage bases ……. ………………………………… 9
4.	Secrets of composition ……………………… .. …… .. …… .11
5.	Short description…………………...……………………………12
6.	Materials and tools ……………………………………… 13
7.	Manufacturing technology of the product ……………………………… 14
8.	Technical requirements ………………………………………… 15
9.	Routing………………...…………………………16
10.	Environmental justification ……. …………. …………………… 21
11.	Business case ………………. …………………… 22
12.	Aesthetic assessment …………… .. ………. ……………………… 24
	Conclusion ………………………. ………. ……………………… 25
	List of used literature .... ………………………… ... 26
	Advertising ………………………… .... ……………………………… 27
	Appendix ………………………………. ……………………… 28

Introduction

The paintings and photographs that adorn our homes are losing their popularity: they have ceased to amaze, have lost their sense of novelty, and it seems that they have already been seen many times. It all became too simple and mundane. And I decided to try making a collage.

Collage is a relatively young trend in art. It is the brainchild of the last turbulent century, when artists were looking for new means to express their thoughts, feelings and moods. The collage technique (from the French collage - gluing) gives a wide scope for creativity, since to create works you can use a variety of materials - plants, paints, fabrics, metal parts, etc. The works performed in this technique are always original and unique ... There are no definite rules, postulates that must be strictly followed.

Collage is believed to be the ancestor of many phenomena. modern culture- from computer graphics before clip thinking. And at the same time, collage is a consequence of value thinking: a collage artist knows how to see value in that which has no value for anyone else.

DIY items are highly prized. They are relevant at the present time, since such things can decorate the interior and make it original.

Target of this creative work, learn the history of the emergence of such a technique as collage, and independently perform work in this technique, in order to diversify the interior with a beautiful picture.

Tasks:

1. Study the history of the "collage"

2. Get acquainted with the techniques of this type of creativity.

3. Find out what genres of "collage" are.

4. Learn to choose the right materials for work.

5. Make a sketch.

6. Get the job done.

7. Assess the work done.

8. Protect the project.

Historical reference

It all began at the dawn of the 20th century in the circles of avant-garde adherents - Cubism, Dadaism, Mannerism, Impressionism, etc. The founder of the collage is considered the French cubist artist Georges Braque. In 1913, he was the first to use an original technique - gluing strips of colored paper onto cardboard. And to make the texture of the paper more effective, the artist mixed sand into the paint.

Soon he was joined by a like-minded person - the great Pablo Picasso. They worked together for five years. Scraps of newspapers, wallpapers, posters, pieces of fabric, business cards were used ... As a result of a creative search, it was discovered that even the most ordinary materials in combination with each other on a specially selected background become unusually expressive. This is how collage was developed - a technique in the visual arts, when materials that differ from it in color and texture are glued onto any base. Collage is also called the work itself, performed using a similar technique.

P. Picasso loved the game, and, creating collages, he could enjoy it to the fullest. His first independent work, done in new technology, - "Still life with a wicker chair." Today this work, like other "pictures with stickers" belonging to the ingenious innovator, are considered masterpieces. And once, few people could appreciate them. Pictures created with metal shavings, labels, photographs, newspaper clippings, etc., mostly shocked the public. Nevertheless, the unusual art movement continued to develop, and many outstanding artists paid tribute to it.

Collage occupies a prominent place in the work of the impressionist Henri Matisse. He came up with a kind of collage - decoupage, which is so popular in our time. This technique means the use of two actions - cutting, or cutting, and composing pictures from the resulting parts. Matisse, skillfully assembling various shapes cut from colored paper, created works that differ simple forms and at the same time very harmonious: they amaze with the power emanating from them. One of the most beautiful creations of the artist is the painting "Sea Animals", created in memory of the southern seas. Working only with color and shape, avoiding a naturalistic image, Matisse managed to convey the mystery of deep ocean life, and the charm of the surface of the water, waves, islands, and the attractiveness of the sky.

In the 30s, interest in collage began to wane, and in the 50s it flared up with renewed vigor - in the mainstream of the pop art movement that emerged in the West at that time. Naturally, the collages of that time reflect his spirit, the moods and tastes that existed then.

In Russian art, the first to use the collage technique was Aristarkh Lentulov. The indefatigable experimenter combined painting fragments with pasted pieces of foil and colored paper in his canvases. The most striking works created in this technique in 1914-1915 are the panels "Moscow", "Basil the Blessed", "Ship".

In the 60s, the famous artist Ilya Glazunov turned to the collage technique. So he created the painting "The Old Man", as well as works on historical themes.

Collage has a strong emotional impact. This technique was a favorite hobby of the wonderful filmmaker Sergei Parajanov. He called the collage "pressed film". Using what was at hand - pieces of glass, beads, feathers, scraps of fabric, lace, magazine clippings, leaves, flowers - Parajanov created original dramatic works. Each of his collages is a whole story. His work confirms that almost any object and even its parts can serve as "paints" for a picture.

The peak of popularity both in our country and abroad is also experiencing such a trend in the art of collage as floral collage. The most famous representative of this type of creativity is the German florist Friedhelm Raffel, who owns unusually expressive works. Mr. Raffel has a huge number of students and followers all over the world. Floral collages are created mainly using natural materials- dried leaves, flowers, stems, etc. Of course, the works done in this vein bear little resemblance to the collages of artists of the 20th century. However, they are based on all the same techniques: elements of different colors are glued onto a picturesque background; shape and texture. Paintings created using dried plants sometimes resemble a herbarium, however, more complex works performed in compliance with the rules for constructing a composition can be real works of art. A floristic collage from a herbarium is primarily distinguished by a correctly selected background, which interacts with the material located on it according to certain laws. As successful as the background is, the collage as a whole will be as successful. And the completeness of the composition is given by various accessories: figurines of animals, insects, bijouterie, braid, pieces of fabric, etc. Everything goes into action. Pearls and a pair of copper coins can be the accents that make the job complete. People have paid attention to the beauty of dried plants for a long time. Mural painting in one of the Theban temples, located on the territory of modern Egypt, is considered the most ancient herbarium, albeit somewhat peculiar. This cultural monument, dating from 1450 BC. uh brought to us images of 275 different plants! However, the material intended for dry scientific research, is not very suitable or not at all suitable for creating a floral collage - when dried, flowers and leaves often lose their natural color. In addition, plants dried, as for a herbarium, by pressing, become fragile. So that designers can freely create all year round and embody all their ideas, the dried flowers industry came to their aid, providing durable, plastic, effective plant material.

Contemporary artists continue their search, discovering new and new possibilities for creating collages. Today, it is not so much the gluing of various parts that is popular, but their imposition, layering. Moreover, materials can be selected completely different in color, shape and texture. Combine, it would seem, completely incompatible.

Nowadays, computer collage is actively developing as one of the ways to perform graphic work. It also involves overlaying or combining different images in accordance with a common design. The connected images can complement each other, or they can strongly contrast. Computer collages are very expressive, which is why they are actively used in advertising goods and services. This impressive technique is also used in book design. Rapid computerization of the country gives everyone the opportunity to try their hand at an exciting activity - creating computer collages.

Basic types and styles of collages

What can you depict in a collage? Literally everything that worries, what is loved, what is dear. Collage, like a painting, is a recreation of only a small part of the picture of life, which has no boundaries. And the more the artist sees, hears and remembers, the richer his imagination, the more significant his creative discoveries. In order to better understand what exactly we need, consider the main types and styles of collages.

· Photo collage(Fig. 1) is a free, arbitrary connection, sometimes not even interconnected, of several styles of photographic images in one picture or photograph. The photo collage effect is achieved by superimposing one image on another, combining several photo images in one, sometimes even with graphic elements (mosaic), or using a chaotic set of various images (puzzle).

· Video collage- a video sequence, assembled from small excerpts from one or several films, sometimes with the addition of photographic images and text information. Video collage is used to create a vivid storyline that accurately and contrastingly reflects the author's creative idea.

· Decoupage (fig. 2)- a technique for decorating various objects, based on attaching a drawing, painting or ornament (usually cut out) to an object, and then coating the resulting composition with varnish for the sake of preservation, durability and a special visual effect.

· Scrapbooking (fig. 3)- a kind of handicraft art, which consists in the manufacture and design of family or personal photo albums, postcards.

· Quilling (fig. 4)- the art of creating flat or volumetric compositions from long narrow strips of paper, twisted into spirals.

· Floristic collage (fig. 5)

1. Landscape(the image of nature (forest, mountains, sea, etc.) and natural phenomena (thunderstorm, wind, rain, etc.). In a landscape collage, you can convey beauty, signs of any season or day.)

2. Vegetative(This style is very close to the landscape style, however, in the works of the vegetative direction, the emphasis is on depicting the life of plants, it is they who become the main characters of the floristic work.)

3. Decorative(plots of collages of this style are fantasy. The main thing is original idea... And they embody it with the help of bright, expressive elements and a colorful background. Work in a decorative style should evoke feelings, memories, associations. This kind of work requires the author of new interesting ideas, beautiful color combinations pleasing to the eye, and, of course, impeccable execution technique.)

4. Form-linear(The main load is carried by geometric shapes made of floristic material - a circle, a rhombus, a square, a triangle, etc., as well as lines. The background can also be a combination of geometric shapes.)

Types of collage bases

Collages can be performed on canvas, any fabric, paper, cardboard, leather, metal, glass, plastic, etc. The selected base serves as a launching pad for creating a background or is itself a background: unchanged or additionally decorated: with paints, volumetric putty, art paste, small decorative elements, etc.

The work can be done without a background at all. So, for example, they create collages on a wireframe. Consider the main types of collage bases.

1.Collage on canvas (fig. 6)

Canvas- this is a primed fabric, most often linen, it is the most durable. Finished canvases are usually primed with an emulsion primer including glue and oil. Canvas is a fairly elastic base stretched over a stretcher. The background on the canvas can be created by painting it with oil paints, or you can apply a putty. Accordingly, the collage elements can be fixed with glue, or they can be laid in a damp putty.

The latter option is most suitable for materials such as sand, gravel, buckwheat, coffee beans, broken glass, shells, etc. Then they can be covered with a layer of PVA glue.

2. Collage on fabric (fig. 7)

The fabric is pulled onto a stretcher or glued onto cardboard with hot melt glue. The elements of the composition are fixed directly to the surface of the fabric using a glue gun. The main thing is to accurately arrange the material, as required by the concept and the laws of composition.

Equally important is the correct combination of fabric and material, whether vegetable or otherwise.

3. Collage on batik (fig. 8)

Batik is a multicolor cotton or silk fabric, the pattern on which is obtained by applying and fixing paints with wax. In fact, a batik collage is a variation of the previous collage-making technique. Since batik is very effective in itself, the material is used in a minimal amount. The base and elements of the composition complement each other's beauty. I must admit: creating a batik collage is a delicate job.

4. Collage on paper (fig. 9)

The basis for the collage can be, for example, ordinary velvet paper (when it comes to floral collage).

In addition, wrapping paper is also suitable for creating a background. We are not talking about bright shiny sheets in which gifts are traditionally wrapped - any composition will be lost on them. A different matter is wrapping paper of calm, dull colors.

You can also use corrugated paper, but it is very difficult to create compositions on it! But if you try, you get a very original piece. Good background material and colored pastel paper.

5. Collage without background (fig. 10)

Such a collage can be made on wooden frames or on frames made of flexible branches, bamboo sticks, wire, etc. - the elements of the composition are fixed directly on them. You can also use a ready-made frame purchased from a store.

There is no background as such in such works. However, this can be the color of the wall on which the work will be placed. A solid-colored wall is a better option than wallpaper with a pattern: it can interfere with the appearance of your work in all its glory.

Composition secrets

Composition and its laws help to make works more expressive and effective. Knowledge of the basic principles is especially necessary for initial stages... Conscious and thoughtful use of compositional rules allows you to create a complete piece.

Basic techniques in the collage can be considered contrast and excretion plot and compositional center.

Most spectacular location options elements can be considered:

a) placing them diagonally(more dynamic, when the diagonal line goes from the bottom left corner to the top right, and empty corners take up less significant elements);

b) according to the principle of the golden ratio(this principle is the highest manifestation of the structural and functional perfection of the whole and its parts in art, science, technology and nature. Any picture (horizontal or vertical) has certain points that involuntarily rivet our attention, the so-called visual centers. There are only four such points, and they are located at a distance of 3/8 and 5/8 from the corresponding edges of the sheet);

v) along the horizon(a simple rule works here - the farther from the conditional horizon line, the larger the elements should be, and vice versa - the closer, the finer the details).

Also great for collage pyramid- the arrangement of the composition with the edge upwards gives the work even more expressiveness and strength, and downwards - delicacy and softness.

A type of pyramid is often used - a tree or a flower. Collages-catalogs are also interesting, especially if it is a thematic work of homogeneous or contrasting elements.

Of course, there is an exception to every rule, and sometimes breaking the rules leads to extraordinary results, you should not be afraid of experiments. However, it often happens that the most spontaneous collage absolutely corresponds to classical lines and proportions, since natural harmony and balance are felt by many intuitively.

Short description

The project is a panel (volumetric collage with elements of painting). It consists of 1 painting, the dimensions of which are 30x40 cm (without frame; with frame 35x45 cm). The drawing is made on plastic using Sonnet acrylic paints, felting wool and flowers add zest and volume to the product. Small rhinestones and "drops" made with thermoplastic glue complete the picture.

Scope of application: this work can serve as a good gift for family and friends, friends; can serve as a product for sale.

Sales market: arts and crafts fairs, festivals, exhibitions, and specialty shops.

Materials and tools

Now let's look at the materials. In a collage, you can use anything you want, and almost anything. It all depends on the chosen direction of art and the degree of the artist's liberation.

In our work, the following materials will be required:

1. Wooden frame coated in green or otherwise.

2. Plastic (size suitable for the frame)

3. Simple pencil

4. Paint (watercolor or gouache) or pencils (to create a sketch)

5. Acrylic paints

6. Wool for felting in different colors (depending on the color of the product)

7. Thermoplastic adhesive

8. Clay Moment Crystal

9. Brushes (synthetic) (flat, No. 2, No. 12, round No. 2, No. 4, No. 6, No. 10)

10. Foam sponge (for background application)

11. Artificial flowers

12. Rhinestones (optional)

Consisting in the creation of paintings or graphic works by sticking objects and materials on any base that differ from the base in color and texture.

Collage is also called a work entirely done in this technique.

Collage is used mainly to get the effect of surprise from the combination of dissimilar materials, as well as for the emotional richness and poignancy of the work.

The collage can be finished by any other means - ink, watercolors, etc.

Collage was introduced into art as a formal experiment by the Cubists, Futurists and Dadaists. At that stage, scraps of newspapers, photographs, wallpaper were used for pictorial purposes. Pieces of fabric, chips, etc. were glued to the canvas.

It is believed that the collage technique was first applied in art by Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso in 1910-1912. The first artist to work exclusively in collage technique was Kurt Schwitters.

Other genres

Nowadays there is also the use of the term "collage" as a designation of a separate, self-sufficient genre in art. Collage as a principle of creativity in cinematography was widely used by director Sergei Parajanov. In modern poetry and rock music, the collage technique is most fully manifested in the work of Yegor Letov. Both of them were also fond of composing collages in the usual sense of the word.

One of the most famous artists used collage Max Ernst, also John Hartfield. In Russia - Rodchenko, Telingater, in our time Anatoly Brusilovsky, who first introduced this word into use in Russian (in 1962 in the newspaper "Nedelya", Moscow, illustrations for the stories of Slavomir Mrozhek). Very quickly, this concept began to be used in an extended meaning - a mixture of dissimilar elements, a vivid and expressive message from scraps of other texts.

It is necessary to distinguish collage from a close, but still another means of image - applique, that is, the use of various materials and structures - fabrics, newspapers, plywood or tin with the aim of enhancing expressive possibilities. This method of creating an image in its essence and technique is close to inlay.

Another of the genres should be called assemblage, which uses a variety of objects and their fragments, collected and arranged on one plane. Sometimes they use the designation "ready-made" (there is no Russian analogue). The “art object” and installation are close to the assembly, although they have some differences. Often all these concepts are confused even by museum workers, since the terms are still too new in the everyday life of Russian art.

The photo collage effect is achieved by superimposing one image on another, combining several photo images in one, sometimes even with graphic elements (mosaic), or using a chaotic set of various images (puzzle). In the course of the development of photography, it became possible to use various techniques and methods of creating collages with the use of special effects. It should be noted that this direction of art is becoming more accessible to an increasing circle of people who do not have professional photography skills or computer processing of photographs (for example, using Photoshop). A lot primarily depends on the imagination of the author himself and his desire to do something unusual or surreal. Photo collage is possible in several genres, such as satirical, philosophical, political, metamorphic, propaganda, and so on.

The most prominent representatives of the art world in the field of photo collage include: D. Hartfield, R. Hausmann, H. Hoch, M. Ernst, L. Mohoy-Nagy, A. Rodchenko, V. Stepanova, E. Lisitsky, Y. Rozhkov, G. Klutsis and others.

Video collage

Video collage- a video sequence assembled from small excerpts from one or several films, sometimes with the addition of photographic images and text information. Video collage is used to create a vivid storyline that accurately and contrastingly reflects the author's creative idea.

Collage in music

The term "collage" is also used in music, where it means a special form of the composer's use in his work of fragments of another work - someone else's or his own previously written.

Collage in particular is one of the most characteristic features surreal music.

Sources of

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Synonyms:

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CONTENT

	Introduction ………………………………………………………… ..
	Chapter 1. General information on the development of collage art
	1.1. What is collage ……………………………………………

	1.3. It all started with ………………………………………………
	1.4. The development of collage art in Russia …………………… ..
	Chapter 2. General principles collage creation
	2.1. Collage types ………………………………………………
	2.2. Collage styles ……………………………………………
	2.3. Collage techniques ……………………………………………
	2.4. Collage schemes ……………………………… ..
	Chapter 3. Description of the technological process of making a composition using the "collage" technique
	3.1. Justification for the choice of the type, theme, style and scheme of the composition ……………………………………………………….
	3.2. The choice of materials for the composition ……………………….
	3.3. Choice computer program…………………………
	3.4. Technological map of the production of a product using the "collage" technique ………………………………………………………….
	3.5. Calculation of the cost of the product and time costs …………………………………………………………… ..
	3.6. Self-assessment and product assessment ………………………………
	Conclusion……………………………………………………….
	Sources of information
	Application Technological map of the production of a product using the "collage" technique ………………………………………………………….
	Collage "My dreams and desires" Option 1, Option 2

INTRODUCTION

A wide scope for creativity, by creating works using a variety of materials, gives the collage technique.

Is it possible to combine the creation of a collage with modern information technology and will such work be in demand by modern adolescents?

To solve the problem, a goal was determined: the development and implementation of compositions in the "collage" technique using modern computer technologies.

To achieve this goal, the following tasks were identified:

Study special literature and other sources of information on the project topic;

Consider the collage technique as a direction visual arts and decorative creativity;

Describe technological process creating compositions using the "collage" technique;

Assess the quality of the finished compositions;

Conduct a presentation of the compositions and analyze the results.

The practical significance of the project lies in the possibility of using theoretical and practical material in teaching the "collage" technique on the subjects "technology", "fine arts" and "informatics".

CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INFORMATION ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE ART OF COLLAGE

1.1. WHAT IS "COLLAGE"

Collage(fr. collage - gluing, sticker), a technique for creating a picture or graphic work by using various stickers from flat (photographs, tickets, fabric, newspaper and colored paper clippings, etc.) or voluminous (wire, wood, rope, metal) materials.

Collage is also called a piece made entirely in this technique. Collage is used mainly to get the effect of surprise from the combination of dissimilar materials, as well as for the emotional richness and poignancy of the work. The collage can be finished by any other means - ink, watercolors, etc.

Collage was introduced into art as an experiment by the Cubists, Futurists and Dadaists.

Cubism(fr.t Cubisme) is a modernist trend in the visual arts, primarily in painting, which originated at the beginning of the 20th century in France and is characterized by the use of geometrized conventional forms, the desire to "split" real objects into stereometric primitives. Representatives this direction are Paul Cezanne, Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque.

Futurism(lat. futurum future) - the general name of the artistic avant-garde movements of the 1910s and early 1920s, primarily in Italy and Russia. The Futurists were interested not so much in the content as in the form of versification.

Dadaism- avant-garde movement in literature, fine arts, theater and cinema. It existed from 1916 to 1922. The founder of the movement, the poet Tristan Tzara, discovered the word "dada" in the dictionary.

At the beginning of the 20th century, at the stage of the development of collage technology, scraps of newspapers, photographs, wallpaper were used for graphic purposes, pieces of fabric, chips, etc. were glued to the canvas. It is believed that the collage technique was first applied in art by Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso in 1910-1912.

1.3. IT ALL STARTED WITH ...

In 1908, Pablo Picasso first created a painting into which pieces of paper were pasted. They seemed to remind viewers that life can invade art. This seemed very strange to his contemporaries, and yet it was from this moment that the history of collage began - a "composite" work of art, involving the gluing of a picture from dissimilar fragments. The generally accepted date of collage origin in European and Russian art is 1912, the year of birth of Still Life with a Wicker Chair.

1.4. DEVELOPMENT OF THE ART OF COLLAGE IN RUSSIA

In Russian art, the first collages are considered to be the works of Aristarkh Vasilyevich Lentulov (1882 - 1943), Russian and Soviet painter, theater artist, one of the founders of the Russian Avant-garde. In his work "Moscow" (1913), the artist used paper stickers, in his work "Basil the Blessed" (1913) - foil stickers. In the 60s, the famous artist Ilya Glazunov turned to the collage technique. So he created the painting "The Old Man", and many other works of historical themes.

2. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF COLLAGE CREATION

2.1. TYPES OF COLLAGE

In contemporary art, the following types of collage are distinguished:

Decoupage is the art of decorating objects by gluing clippings of colored paper in combination with special effects such as coloring, cutting, gold leafing and others.

Assembly is a technique that uses volumetric elements or whole objects. In other words, this is a volumetric collage.

Application - creation of artistic images by sticking, sewing on fabric or paper colored pieces of any material. An image, a pattern created in this way.

Film collage - a film in which fragments of fiction, documentary and animated films are organically connected

Montage or computer collage - the technique of creating a whole image from a number of separate fragments of other images using computer programs, for example: PhotoShop. Collage of photographs or photo collage, as a form of fine art, appeared after the emergence of photography in the 19th century. At that time, in order to create a photo collage, certain areas of photographs were cut out and pasted onto some kind of base.

2.2. COLLAGE STYLES

At the moment, there are four main styles used to make collage: vegetative, decorative, landscape, form-linear. Collages are usually designed using a mat and a frame.

2.3. COLLAGE TECHNIQUES

Collage techniques are very diverse: traditional applique, mosaic, mixed media.

2.4. COLLAGE CONSTRUCTION SCHEMES

There are many schemes for constructing a collage, they are based on the principles of psychological perception of reality by a person.

"Loneliness" - is solved through the presentation of one object and a huge empty surrounding space.

"Small value" - is transmitted through contrast juxtapositions of a small object with a large object.

"Suppression" - is transmitted through the placement of an object in the lower part of the plane and a heavy upper part overloaded with elements and colors.

CHAPTER 3. DESCRIPTION OF THE TECHNOLOGICAL PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING COMPOSITIONS IN THE "COLLAGE" TECHNOLOGY

3.1. JUSTIFICATION OF THE CHOICE OF TYPE, THEME, STYLE AND SCHEME OF COMPOSITIONS

When choosing a theme for the composition, the following criteria were determined:

collage should carry information about its creator;

a collage should reflect the dreams, desires and life goals of its creator.

From the planned options “Me and my interests”, “My goals and desires”, “Me and my friends”, a choice was made and the topic was determined - “Collage of my desires”. The computer collage is based on personal photographs and thematic pictures, so the main elements of the background of the collage will be geometric shapes - rhombuses, squares, circles, etc. This feature determines the choice of the form-linear style of the collage.

The choice of the collage scheme is based on contrasting comparisons of a large object (main goal) and small objects ( personal growth, family, beauty, health, travel, success, career, material values).

3.2. CHOICE OF MATERIALS FOR COMPOSITIONS

Personal photographs and thematic pictures in electronic form are used as materials, since in one version of the composition it is supposed to use the combination technique various materials, then the following may be useful to us:

Outdated magazine issues with bright headlines;

PVA glue or silicate glue stick;

Frames for decorating a collage in A4 and A3 format.

3.3. SELECTING A COMPUTER PROGRAM

The Internet contains a lot of information about programs in which it is possible to create a collage. When choosing a computer program, the following criteria were taken into account: free program, easy mastering of the program by a novice user, protection from computer viruses and a large selection of tools (capabilities) of the program. And thus, we have determined the choice of a computer program for further work - Picture Collage Maker Pro 3.0.7.3499.

3.4. TECHNOLOGICAL CARD OF PRODUCT MANUFACTURING IN THE TECHNOLOGY "COLLAGE"

Technological map of making a product using the "collage" technique is presented in Appendix No. 1

3.5. CALCULATION OF PRODUCT COST AND TIME COSTS

The prime cost of 3 items (two - in A4 format and one - in A3 format) is 523.0 rubles. The production time of the product is 20 to 90 minutes. On average, it can take no more than 50 minutes to make a product.

3.6... SELF-ASSESSMENT AND PRODUCT EVALUATION

Conducting a self-assessment of the products, I found out that my compositions correspond to the presented criteria: they are made with the help of computer technology, are simple, modern and popular among young people, and most importantly, they are informative, i.e. reflect my dreams, desires, aspirations and life goals.

Having asked friends and acquaintances, I learned that my friend likes creativity and modernity, class teacher- easy implementation and originality, for classmates - minimal time expenditures and individuality. Thus, the goal and objectives that were defined in creative project are reached.

CONCLUSION

Once Pablo Picasso was one of the first to use collage in his works, making a real revolution in art, and today the use of collage in computer, book, magazine and Web-design is a common practice of using this technique.

The laws of artistic thinking, artistic development of the world around us and its depiction are the same for a writer, poet, artist, sculptor, composer. The material into which they embody their visions, thoughts, feelings, experiences is different: these are words, paints and canvases, marble and bronze, sounds, and due to technical progress - Computer techologies... The tools they use are also different. But the basic artistic means are the same for everyone: both those who embody their artistic intentions with a brush, and for those who prefer computer technologies to express their inner creative world.

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

1. Universal popular science online encyclopedia ww.krugosvet.ru

http://www.coll.spb.ru/

2.https: //ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collage

3.http: //www.coll.spb.ru/public/250.php

4.https: //ru.wikipedia.org

5.https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Futurism

6.https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dadaism

7.http: //galamosaic.ru/ru/mediateka/detail.php?id=471

8 / http://kladis.ru/chto-takoe-dekupazh/

9.http: //do-by-hands.ru/category/assamblyazh/

10 / http://slovorus.ru/

11 http://enc-dic.com/

12 http://vrukodelii.com/

13.http: //www.trozo.ru/

APPENDIX # 1

TECHNOLOGICAL CARD OF PRODUCT MANUFACTURING IN THE TECHNOLOGY "COLLAGE"

	Technological operation	Description of the technological operation
	Choosing a collage project	Select a clean project in the program
	Choosing a general collage background
	Selection of photos, placement of photos, thematic pictures on a general background	Open folders with photos and thematic pictures on your computer and drag and drop them onto the selected background
	Collage commentary design	Design the title (comments) for the collage, adjusting as desired (font, color, size)
	Registration of photos and thematic pictures
	Collage frame design
	Saving the collage on your computer	For ease of viewing and printing, the format (JPG) is suitable

Appendix No. 2

COLLAGE "MY DREAMS AND WISHES"

OPTION 1

Appendix No. 2

COLLAGE "MY DREAMS AND WISHES"

"If you smile,all dreams will start to come true! "

Collage of desires he is "Wish poster", she "Newspaper of Happiness", she "Treasure map" or visualization Is a collage on which your desires and dreams are depicted.

Imagination is the main tool of any person, because we can only do what we can imagine! Since our brain receives most of the information through the eyes, then real pictures and photographs become the most effective elements of self-programming. If you can it imagine, you can of this to achieve! Dreams Come True! Otherwise, nature would not have endowed us with the ability to dream.

Collages are annual affecting all areas of our life and thematic designed to improve a specific area, for example, getting a desired job, going on a trip, improving family relationships, etc. In this article, we will talk about the compilation of the Annual Collage of Desires, since the Thematic Collage is just one of its components, and it is made according to the same principles.

Thematic collage

Annual and thematic collage can be individual, i.e. target only you and reflect the aspirations of your soul, or family... The latter takes into account the interests and desires of all family members and is made by joint efforts. You can attract even the oldest and smallest family members, because there are no age restrictions for creativity and dreams!

When is the best time to start making a collage?

My answer is correct when you feel the urge and are ready to start!

It is very good if the desire and ability to create falls on:

The period of the waxing moon, the most favorable are considered from the 1st to the 5th lunar days;
Your birthday (a favorable period a month before and after your birthday);
The lunar day you were born on, even if it is a waning moon;
New Years holidays: calendar New Year, old new year, chinese new year, etc .;
Depending on your religion, for various religious holidays, for example, for Buddhists, these are the 9th and 21st lunar days - the days of Daka and Dakini, respectively; full moon, the most powerful - the full moon in May - Buddha's birthday;
Your option;
But the most important day is the one when you just want to create!

So, the stars converged, now is the time to decide on collage structure... Best for annual collage Feng Shui system Ba-gua mesh... Why exactly she? Because it includes all areas of our life: health, family, love and relationships, children, creativity, career, success, wealth, wisdom, knowledge, helpers, protectors, as well as travel. To build a harmonious and happy life, it is important to set the vector of the desired development in all of the above areas.

Collage making methods:

Draw by hand, with paints, pencils, felt-tip pens, on a blank sheet of paper in A1, A2, A3, A4 format and for this you do not have to be an artist, but the main condition must be observed - your collage must be very Like!
Paste pre-assembled pictures and phrases from newspapers and magazines on a sheet of paper A1, A2, A3, A4 format. You can also download and print from the Internet the pictures you like in the form of photographs, pictures on a color and even black-and-white printer.
Print in A1, A2, A3, A4 format a collage drawn in any of the graphic editors, composed of pictures and photos uploaded to the Internet or drawn with your own hand.
A combination of the three previous methods.
Your option.

Step-by-step instructions for making an annual collage:

In our example, we use the Ba-gua grid structure of the Feng Shui system, you can use any other system you like, but the one you create yourself will work best!

Step 1. Desires should be crisp, clear and written down on paper.

We take clear sheet in paper or electronic form, in the desired format. Whatman size A1 is best suited. We draw it into 9 equal parts, give a name to all sectors:

Wealth, prosperity.
Glory, success.
Love, marriage.
Relationships with loved ones, parents, friends.
I, health.
Children, creativity.
Wisdom, knowledge, travel.
Career, life path, new projects.
Assistants, significant people, defenders, patrons.

To get what you want out of life, you must first of all determine what you want.

Therefore, in each sector we write down our goals and desires for the next year or more:

The desire should be clearly and clearly expressed in a few words in the affirmative and present tense, as if you already have what you want;
Without a particle "Not";
Desire should bring pleasure to you and your loved ones;
Desire should be safe for you and those around you;
Consciousness does not need to be expanded, just stop limiting it. Dream, write, achieve and do not deny yourself anything for the joy of you and your loved ones!

Important!!! In the process of filling, we leave one sector empty. What - you will see for yourself. This sector is still closed from you and the Higher Forces themselves determine what kind of surprise to arrange in it. In terms of their fullness, the sectors for men and women will differ, because a man is realized in achievements, and a woman in a relationship.

For example:

Sector "Wealth, Welfare":
- I / our family owns a house in the Crimean highlands, with a fireplace and a swimming pool;
- I have a ring with a large navy blue sapphire and diamonds;
- I easily attract money into my life;
- Money comes to me easily and often;
- I have a large wardrobe of beautiful dresses, shoes and several fur coats in which I look amazing;
- I am the owner of a new red Range Rover SUV;
- My monthly income is $ 10,000;
- Etc.
Sector "Glory, Success":
- I am the youngest member of the Forbes rankings;
- My husband and I are the perfect couple;
- I am a magnet for love, luck and money;
- I won $ 1,000,000 in the lottery;
- Etc.
Section "Love, marriage":
- The man of my dreams made me a marriage proposal;
- My wedding is the most beautiful;
- My honeymoon in the islands;
- I am a beloved and loving wife;
- I am happily married;
- Etc.
Section "Relations with loved ones, parents, friends":
- My parents are healthy and happy;
- My husband likes to give me gifts;
- My husband and I often spend time talking by the fireplace with a glass of wine and sweets;
- We often spoil each other by bringing coffee to bed;
- My husband likes to spend time with our children, they play together, fool around, read books and make something;
- Etc.
Sector "I, health":
- My family and I - we - are healthy and happy;
- I have a beautiful, slender figure;
- Stable weight of my body - 47 kg;
- I am healthy;
- I have beautiful thick hair;
- I have a flat tummy;
- Etc.
Sector "Children, creativity":
- I gave birth to a beautiful and healthy baby;
- I am a happy mother, beloved and loving woman;
- My son grows up obedient and intelligent to the delight of his parents;
- I easily and with joy express myself in my work, embroidering beautiful pictures with a cross;
- Etc.
Sector "Wisdom, knowledge, travel":
- I successfully defended my Ph.D. thesis;
- Our whole family went on a trip around the world;
- Etc.
Sector "Career, life path, new projects":
- I am a successful business leader;
- I am the best seller;
- I am constantly growing and developing professionally;
- Etc.
Sector "Helpers, significant people, defenders, patrons":
- My Guardian Angel is always by my side and takes care of me;
- The universe takes care of me;
- Vladimir Putin assists me in the implementation of my project;
- etc.

Step 2. We draw our own world!

We start gluing, drawing pictures, photographs and slogans. Cutting out the images we like from magazines, we materialize our desires, which are sometimes difficult to imagine in reality and, moreover, to keep these mental images for a long time. And here there are a few simple secrets on how to quickly get what you want into your life:

All you need is to know where you want to go, the right decisions and the means to realize what you want will arise by themselves! You only reflect the end result, not the means to achieve it.
Before pasting a picture that reflects your desire, look at it and answer your question: "How do I feel when I have it or when I am this / such?" / The sensation of owning these things should evoke emotional comfort and pleasure. So this is really your desire, and not someone else's. This means that this is the desire of your soul, and not of your mind, and only in this case your subconscious mind will help you in making your dreams come true.
If you find a whole slogan suitable for you in magazines, newspapers or the Internet, this means that in your life the phrase you need already started working and very soon become a reality.
Use an image for each sector as a substrate or background that reflects the basis for the realization of your desires. So, for example, for the Wealth sector, images are suitable: gold bars, diamonds, banknotes, etc. For the sectors "Love, marriage" and "Relationships", love and harmony can serve as the basis - these are hearts, the Yin-Yang sign, etc. If you do not have the opportunity to use a background image, then glue, paint or decorate the remaining empty spaces according to the same principle.
On top of the background image, place lovely pictures with the image material wealth, events, emotions that we want to preserve and / or attract into our life.
In the "I, health" sector, place your photo or a photo of your family, no matter how old it is and how you look there, the main condition is that you should like it and evoke positive emotions. If you do not plan to be alone for the next year, then in the photo you should be with your partner or the whole family. If there is no such photo, place next to you any image that symbolizes the opposite sex for you. So for a woman, the symbol of the masculine principle can be the icon of Mars, the Eiffel Tower as eros, etc. Try to avoid photographs where the person is alone, because life is always interaction.
You can use your photos, photos of celebrities or real people from whom you would like to take an example, and who, in your opinion, have the qualities that you want to strengthen or attract into your life. For example, a photo of Brad Pete and A. Jolie is a symbol of a beautiful and ideal couple.
In the "Wealth" sector, try to use those images where people enjoying their use are located next to the desired goods. It is better to replace images of people with your own and / or your family members. If you want to emphasize that you have money, it can be a bundle of money, a full wallet in " your "hand, etc. The central image of your Dream house should contain smiling photos of all its residents, etc."
All means of transportation: airplanes, yachts, cars, etc., should be directed from left to right for those who use the right-hand lettering, because the car looking to the right will "look to the future" , conversely, the future will be on the left for those using left-hand writing.

Step 3. Charge the collage with Magic Power

When the collage is completely ready, and you feel satisfaction, fullness and joy, it's time to start what you want in life.

Unleash your creativity, you can:

First of all, voice out loud to yourself, to others, to the world everything that you understand by each image in your collage.
Write in the corner in the director's handwriting: for execution, I affirm, so be it!.
Date, your name and signature.
Certify with an electronic, physical seal or your fingerprint.
Covering your hand with paint, leave an imprint of the whole hand and say: "This is my will! Let it be so!"
Sprinkle with magic gold pollen (sequins) to make your wishes come true.
Make a collective meditation and charge with magic power.
Place for charging with magic power in electronic form on the forum Simoron "Dancing wizards" under the heading "Magic collage - an amazing technique!".
Your option.

If you followed all the recommendations when making a collage and, looking at it, your heart rejoices and sings, you will attract everything you want into your life within 1 year from the day that the collage was charged to fulfill the magical power of their intention; or within 3 years if any of the conditions was not met; or never- if the desired is the desire of your Mind, and not of the Soul, or can harm you or those around you.

After "Approval" of the collage, do not add new images and pictures, because by doing this you will change the starting point in the realization of your desires.

Step 4. What's next?

You can place the finished collage with full confidence that the Universe has already begun its execution on the eastern wall of your house, apartment, room according to the recommendations of the Feng Shui masters or in any other that suits your opinion.

The main thing is that you can look at it as often as possible, admire and become infected with the magical energy of accomplishment, in order to attract what you want into your life as soon as possible. It is good to arrange such sessions in the morning in order to be charged with positive energy for the whole day and before going to bed, so that our subconscious mind during sleep contributes to the fulfillment of our desires. Carry a small A4 copy with you, watch and get inspired, make a screensaver on your computer monitor, etc.

You can safely show your collage to absolutely everyone: friends, relatives, family members, so that they know what you want and know what to give you. Know that those who like your collage sincerely love you, and those who "not really", means, "not really"... The main thing? do not brag about your desires, but sincerely share them with your loved ones!

You can put dates in pictures as they come true in your life.

Old collages - they are our children - beloved and dear ones, they are part of us and our path; it is not necessary to part with them, you can, for example, gradually glue the wall in the room instead of wallpaper, etc.

Dream, desire, create and fulfill!

"Good luck and the fulfillment of all your desires", -Maria Alekseeva.

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