Lev Okhotin: Luxury for love. The lion's share Lev Okhotin Estelle biography

Estel is one of those brands that fully comply with the concept of "price-quality". That is why products from the Estel brand have gained immense popularity in a very short time, both among professionals and among ordinary people. And this is not surprising, since all products manufactured by the brand undergo a lot of research and only high-quality and, most importantly, affordable materials are used in its creation. So where did the history of Estel begin?

How it all started

Lev Okhotin - founder of Estel

The history of Estel began not so long ago, namely in 2001. At its origins was a Russian chemist - Lev Okhotin, who is now its non-replaceable leader and general director. Before running own business, Lev collaborated with one entrepreneur who invested considerable amounts in various projects.

Once, with the help of Lev Okhotin, he helped a perfume and cosmetics factory out of a difficult situation. It was at this moment that Leo realized that he was capable of more and decided to launch his own products.

The history of Estel began in a small room, rented, but after a maximum short time I needed to find something more. And by 2004, production was significantly expanded.

Main idea

The main criterion that guided our hero was to create a high-quality product at reasonable prices, which could be afforded not only by professionals, but also by ordinary people. And that this product could be used at home. From that moment, the history of Estel began.

First production

In 2001, a series of paints was created, consisting of 15 shades, and developed for home use. The products immediately caught the eye not only ordinary people, but also to professionals and was a resounding success.

By the end of 2005, the variety of hair dye colors reached more than 67 (and now 114 in general), this line was called "Essex", and shampoos and hair balms were also added to the colors. Since this line was an unsurpassed success, production was expanded and cooperation with salons was begun.

Subsequently, another line of De Luxe paints was created, which already had more than 130 tones and is currently the most strong point Estel.

Estel now

At the present time, the Estel brand has many organizations in Russia and the CIS countries. In 2011, an official representative office was opened in Germany. The company plans to reach a higher level and break into the markets of Central and Western Europe, and prove that the Estelle brand deserves to occupy leading positions in the field of beauty, but at the same time remain accessible to everyone.

(1948 )
Khabarovsk Krai, USSR The consignment: WFTU

Biography

Court

According to information received from former prisoners, Lev Pavlovich Okhotin died at a logging site in the Khabarovsk Territory in 1948, having served there 2 out of 15 years.

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Notes

Okhotin in art

Chernov T. N. Those days in the East. // Magazine "Baikal", No. 3-6, 1981.

Literature

Okorokov A.V. Fascism and Russian emigration (1920-1945). - M .: Russaki, 2002. - 593 p. - ISBN 5-93347063-5.
Rodzaevsky K.V. Testament of a Russian Fascist. - M .: FERI-V, 2001. - 512 p. - ISBN 5-94138-010-0.
Stefan D. Russian Fascists: Tragedy and Farce in Exile, 1925-1945 = The Russian Fascists: Tragedy and Farce in Exile, 1925-1945. - M .: Slovo, 1992. - 441 p. - ISBN 5-85050-314-5.
John J Stephan. The Russian Fascists: Tragedy and Farce in Exile, 1925-1945. - New York: Harper & Row, 1978. - 450 p. - ISBN 0-06-014099-2.



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An excerpt characterizing Okhotin, Lev Pavlovich

“Damn right,” said Dolokhov. - I'm talking to you. Is this a joke you're up to?
- Well, again, teasing again? Went to hell! Huh?... – Anatole said with a frown. “The right is not up to your stupid jokes. And he left the room.
Dolokhov smiled contemptuously and condescendingly when Anatole left.
“Wait a minute,” he said after Anatole, “I’m not joking, I’m talking business, come, come here.
Anatole again entered the room and, trying to concentrate his attention, looked at Dolokhov, obviously involuntarily submitting to him.
- You listen to me, I'm telling you the last time. What should I joke with you? Did I cross you? Who arranged everything for you, who found the priest, who took the passport, who got the money? All I.
- Well, thank you. Do you think I'm not grateful to you? Anatole sighed and hugged Dolokhov.
- I helped you, but still I have to tell you the truth: the matter is dangerous and, if you take it apart, stupid. Well, you'll take her away, okay. Will they leave it like that? It turns out that you are married. After all, you will be brought to criminal court ...
– Ah! stupidity, stupidity! - Anatole spoke again, grimacing. “Because I told you. A? - And Anatole, with that special predilection (which stupid people have) for the conclusion that they reach with their own mind, repeated the reasoning that he repeated a hundred times to Dolokhov. “After all, I explained to you, I decided: if this marriage is invalid,” he said, bending his finger, “then I do not answer; Well, if it's real, it doesn't matter: no one abroad will know this, right? And don't talk, don't talk, don't talk!
- Right, come on! You only bind yourself...
“Go to hell,” said Anatole, and, holding his hair, went out into another room and immediately returned and sat down with his feet on an armchair close to Dolokhov. “The devil knows what it is!” A? Look how it beats! - He took Dolokhov's hand and put it to his heart. - Ah! quel pied, mon cher, quel regard! Une deesse!! [O! What a leg, my friend, what a look! Goddess!!] Huh?
Dolokhov, smiling coldly and shining with his beautiful, insolent eyes, looked at him, apparently wanting to still have some fun with him.
- Well, the money will come out, then what?
- What then? A? - Anatole repeated with sincere bewilderment at the thought of the future. - What then? There I don’t know what… Well, what nonsense to say! He looked at his watch. - It's time!
Anatole went into the back room.
– Well, will you soon? Dig in here! he shouted at the servants.
Dolokhov took away the money and, shouting to a man to order food and drink for the road, entered the room where Khvostikov and Makarin were sitting.
Anatole was lying in the study, leaning on his arm, on the sofa, smiling thoughtfully and softly whispering something to himself with his beautiful mouth.
- Go eat something. Well, have a drink! Dolokhov shouted to him from another room.
- I do not want! - Anatole answered, still smiling.
- Go, Balaga has arrived.
Anatole got up and went into the dining room. Balaga was a well-known troika driver who had known Dolokhov and Anatole for six years and served them with his troikas. More than once, when Anatole's regiment was stationed in Tver, he took him away from Tver in the evening, delivered him to Moscow by dawn, and took him away the next day at night. More than once he took Dolokhov away from the chase, more than once he drove them around the city with gypsies and ladies, as Balaga called. More than once, with their work, he crushed the people and cabbies around Moscow, and his gentlemen, as he called them, always rescued him. He drove more than one horse under them. More than once he was beaten by them, more than once they made him drunk with champagne and Madeira, which he loved, and he knew more than one thing behind each of them, which Siberia would have long deserved for an ordinary person. In their carousing, they often called Balaga, forced him to drink and dance with the gypsies, and more than one thousand of their money passed through his hands. In their service, he risked both his life and his skin twenty times a year, and in their work he overworked more horses than they overpaid him. But he loved them, he loved this crazy ride, at eighteen miles an hour, he loved to overturn a cab and crush a pedestrian in Moscow, and fly at full speed through Moscow streets. He loved to hear this wild cry of drunken voices behind him: “Let's go! gone!” while it was already impossible to go any faster; he liked to stretch painfully up the neck of the peasant, who, in any case, was neither dead nor alive, shunned him. "Real gentlemen!" he thought.
Anatole and Dolokhov also loved Balaga for his driving skills and for the fact that he loved the same thing as they did. Balaga dressed up with others, took twenty-five rubles for a two-hour ride, and with others he only occasionally went himself, and mostly sent his fellows. But with his masters, as he called them, he always rode himself and never demanded anything for his work. Only when he found out through the valets the time when there was money, he came in the morning sober once every few months and, bowing low, asked to help him out. It was always planted by the gentlemen.
“Release me, father Fyodor Ivanovich or your excellency,” he said. - I completely lost my horses, you can go to the fair, lend what you can.
Both Anatole and Dolokhov, when they were in money, gave him a thousand and two rubles each.
Balaga was fair-haired, with a red face and especially a red, thick neck, a squat, snub-nosed peasant, about twenty-seven, with small shining eyes and a small beard. He was dressed in a thin blue caftan lined with silk, worn over a sheepskin coat.

How it all began...

Founder and permanent general manager of the ESTEL company Lev Okhotin is a highly qualified chemist, a graduate of the Department of Chemical Technology of Organic Dyes and Phototropic Compounds of the St. Petersburg State Technological Institute. Scope of it scientific interests- the basis of fine organic synthesis, that is, exactly on the basis of which dyes are produced. Before opening own enterprise Lev Okhotin worked in a group of managers from one large entrepreneur who invested in various projects and their development. One of these projects was a perfumery and cosmetics factory, which a year later, thanks to the efforts of Lev Okhotin and his colleagues, got out of the crisis. It was then that Lev Okhotin thought about the possibility of creating own company for the development and production of cosmetic products. There was no question of what to produce, because, as a scientist, the future head of ESTEL was best versed in dyes.

The idea was simple: to develop and put on the market a domestic product of high quality and, of course, domestic prices. Friends were involved in its implementation: Lidia Pavlovna Kovzhina (teacher of the Department of Chemical Technology of Organic Dyes and Phototropic Compounds of the St. Petersburg State Technological Institute), Andrey Shiltsov (future Chief Engineer of ESTEL), Vadim Technical Director) and Olga Chistyakova (head of the laboratory, pharmaceutical chemist by education). The year 2000 was in the yard, no investments were expected from outside. Initial start-up capital collected from personal savings. A year later, a series of hair dyes for home use was developed and began to be sold, consisting of 15 shades, called "Estelle" (in the Russian-language spelling).

The brand was quickly noticed not only by buyers, but also by professionals in the beauty industry. In May 2003, Dmitry Ershov (President of the Nevskiye Berega Festival), having met Lev Okhotin, tried to infect him with the idea of creating a domestic brand of professional cosmetics. Lev Okhotin then dismissed, but a little later Dmitry Ershov introduced him to Nikolai Ivanovich Kharkovsky (master international class in hairdressing, winner of the championships of the USSR, Europe and the world, coach of the USSR national team in hairdressing), who became ESTEL's guide to the world of hairdressing.

As a result, the ESTEL laboratory began research and development of new professional products for itself and by 2005 was able to prepare the first professional line of ESSEX dyes from ESTEL Professional, which consisted of 67 shades, a set of oxygenators, technical shampoos and balms. By the end of the next year, the ESSEX palette had almost doubled in size. The novelty was a success with specialists and their clients, and ESTEL decided to develop and offer salons the most wide choose domestic products for hairdressers. What the company did, developing and releasing in record time a huge range of excellent domestic professional cosmetics for hair, and subsequently for the body.

Chronology of the release of professional products ESTEL Professional:
2006

COLOR OFF emulsion is the first domestic highly effective product for removing persistent (oxidative) dyes from hair.
The ESSEX color line has been supplemented with the ESSEX LUMEN CONTRAST color gel for contrast highlighting and toning.
A range of products for permanent hair waving WAVEX.
CUREX hair care series, including VERSUS WINTER winter hair care products with antistatic effect.
Hair styling line AIREX.

2007

A new line of premium DE LUXE professional dyes with a unique chromoenergy complex, including chitosan, chestnut extract and a complex of vitamins.

2007-2008

New agent for biopermanent waving NIAGARA.
Professional series for men CUREX GENTLEMAN.
Special solar line SUNFLOWER for hair protection from ultraviolet rays.

2008

Professional paint for eyebrows and eyelashes ENIGMA.

2009

Children's cosmetic line MY ANGEL.
FITNESS hair and body care series.
Dye for gray hair DE LUXE SILVER.

2010

Semi-permanent paint SENSE DE LUXE and premium care line OTIUM, which includes 8 directions: from a series for the care of colored hair to special therapeutic series for restoring the hair structure.

2011

Tanning products in the solarium ESTEL SUN Flower (6 types of cream, which is a four-level system for protecting and caring for the skin of the body when exposed to artificial UV rays).
The ESTEL Element line, representing consumables for hairdressing: disposable towels, foil, collars…
OTIUM line replenished new series OTIUM Aqua.
Release of the OTIUM HOMME series.

Something happened that at first few people believed: the products of the Russian enterprise quickly enough not only won a solid segment of the professional hairdressing Russian market, but also significantly pressed the world manufacturers.

Production and distribution

The history of ESTEL production began at just 1000 sq. m leased. There was both a warehouse of raw materials and a warehouse finished products, and the office, and the laboratory, and the production itself. After a short time, the company needed something more reliable and large-scale. So, in 2003, the building was purchased, which now houses ESTEL (earlier, these premises housed the Research Institute of Quartz Glass). In 2004, it was here that production was launched, and here dreams of a significant increase in production from 1 million to 2 million pieces of products per month became a reality. Frankly, at that time for a young ambitious brand it seemed just fantastic volumes. Although these plans were soon exceeded, and now ESTEL produces up to 6 million pieces of products per month. And this is practically the limit of production possibilities. The brewhouse generally operates in uninterrupted mode, 24 hours a day. That is why ESTEL recently decided to purchase an office, production and warehouse complex in Kolpino. At present, the transaction for the acquisition of the OPS complex has been completed, and the warehouse of the company's finished products has already been located in Kolpino, while other areas are being rapidly design work, since the launch of the first lines is planned for the end of 2012. Thus, the ESTEL OPS complex reasonably claims to take the position of one of largest productions professional hair dyes in Europe.

Today, the brand's dealer network includes more than 150 organizations in Russia, the Baltic states, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Armenia and other neighboring countries. The official representative office of ESTEL-Ukraine has been operating for several years already, in 2011 the representative office of ESTEL-Europe was opened in Germany. The first sales started in Poland. The company plans to enter other markets of Central and Western Europe.

Scientific developments and technology for creating products

From day one, the company's own laboratory has been working in close contact with leading specialists from the St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology, thanks to which the latest scientific developments are used. The staff of the laboratory consists of 15 people, three of whom defended their Ph.D. dissertations. In addition to the development of drugs, the laboratory specialists, together with the engineers of the department technical control take part in the quality control of raw materials and finished products entering the production.

In the context of a sharp jump in the cost of imported drugs and Supplies many managers of beauty salons are looking for ways to reduce the cost of services while maintaining their high quality.

It would seem that here it is - a chance for domestic producers to oust foreign competitors from the market! However, Russian enterprises manufacturing professional cosmetic products can be counted on the fingers. Those of them who are actually capable of seriously competing with Western companies are almost a unique case.

It is all the more interesting for us today to lift the veil of secrecy and reveal the "secrets" of production and commercial success of the Russian brand ESTEL, which for several years has been one of the leaders in the market of professional hairdressing products: the volume of products produced by this company is the largest in Eastern Europe!

Frames are everything

And not just personnel, but SCIENTIFIC STAFF. In the situation with ESTEL - Russian chemists. It is the foundation and heart of the company. A team of 30 scientists is led by a pharmaceutical chemist Olga Chistyakova. All of them, as if by choice, are graduates of the best Russian specialized universities. Five are candidates of chemical sciences. Many employees of the laboratory have been employed in it since the very first years of the foundation of the brand.

Nevertheless, such a large-scale and dynamically developing industry constantly needs to replenish its staff with young talented scientists. This circumstance is one of the reasons why students of domestic chemical universities regularly practice in the ESTEL laboratory. The best graduates who have shown themselves well during the practice are invited to work in the company. Also, the laboratory of the brand participates in institute grants: scientists working for ESTEL offer students their topics for graduation theses. This form of cooperation not only stimulates a thorough study of certain chemical processes, but also allows you to make new scientific discoveries. Several times it was in the course of such studies that original innovative ESTEL products were created.

Scientific partnership

From the first days of the brand's existence, its leading scientific partner is the St. Petersburg State Institute of Technology, the alma mater not only of many employees of the brand's laboratory, but also of the owner of the company, Lev Okhotin, a professional chemist, a graduate of the Department of Chemical Technology of Organic Dyes and Phototropic Compounds. It is this partnership that gives ESTEL the opportunity to use the latest developments in fundamental science in the formulas of its products.

The quality of raw materials with a capital letter

ESTEL cooperates with major European companies - manufacturers of cosmetic raw materials, which have production facilities located all over the world and which guarantee the high quality of their products. These are the same factories that produce components for the products of all multinational companies producing cosmetics. When choosing a supplier company, attention is drawn to the fame of the company, its position in the market is checked, attention is drawn to the presence of new products from the company: if they are, then money is invested in the business.

Preference is given to firms with history, continuity, because they are very reverent and scrupulous about their business. For example, one of the companies supplying perfume fragrances to ESTEL for over 100 years is family business with established traditions. Cooperation with such firms is especially valuable in the production of exclusive series of ESTEL products.

The beauty industry has very strict requirements for cosmetic raw materials in general. There are a huge number of different committees, commissions that check the quality of materials. When a company offers a package of documents, say, for a vitamin complex, in the form of a 60-page dossier, this inspires respect and trust. But ... this does not cancel the INTERNAL CONTROL in ESTEL of all incoming raw materials and materials.

Interesting fact: representatives of raw materials companies are very fond of visiting the ESTEL production not only for the friendly welcome, but also for the fact that during communication with laboratory staff and production processes they open up new topics for their development. There are examples when, after such meetings and interest in a particular component, products entered the European market that were previously sold only in America or Japan, or even were in the portfolio of this company.

Thorough testing of products by the future buyer BEFORE the mass production stage

The development of new products is carried out in close cooperation and with the direct participation of practicing hairdressers.

At the development stage, when the scientific team, having reviewed various combinations of substances, is satisfied with its result, the stage of testing the product in the laboratory begins, where it is adapted. Volunteers work out a coloristic assessment, sensations on wet, dry hair, ease of application, rinsing quality, aroma and other components. And the important thing is that at this moment the developer can intervene quickly to improve certain parameters.

Upon receipt of positive results, the product is sent for mass testing to the ESTEL Hairdressing Academy, where the so-called “product dossier”, that is, customer reviews, is collected. And only after that the product is put into production.

Lead times for product development and testing can vary. For example, in 1999, it took chemists a year to develop and test the very first line of ESTEL dye, during which 2000 recipes for 15 shades were prepared. It took the company three years to develop 101 shades of the HAUTE COUTURE ESTEL masterpiece dye (thousands (!) Models were painted before the mass production stage).

Adaptation of products for the Russian consumer and for Russian conditions of use, or NO ready-made foreign formulas!

All ESTEL recipes are unique developments of our own scientific laboratory. The proposals of producers of raw materials to purchase "ready-made formulas" (and they are not uncommon) are treated critically in the company. This is due to the fact that the latter are often absolutely not adapted to Russian market, for our region, are not adapted, for example, to water.

Thorough observance of technological production processes and quality control department (technical control department)

It is very important for the success of the brand that all processes, from the development of the formulation, its implementation in production, the packaging of the finished product to its storage in the warehouse and shipment to the consumer, guarantee the high quality of drugs. Therefore, the company has developed procedures for each stage of the research and production and even the implementation process, which spell out step by step who and what should do at a certain moment, what to control. All divisions and specialists of different categories are involved in these processes (from a candidate of chemical sciences to a packer). Everything happens according to a clear scheme, all processes are verified and subject to the international ISO quality standard.

Particular attention is paid to strict adherence to the percentage input of components in the production of drugs. Thus, ESTEL guarantees that the client will receive the effect from the properties declared on the packaging and in the product description.

The technical control department (OTC) monitors the production. And not only at the stage of supply of raw materials and the actual production. ESTEL guarantees the quality of their products on the basis that they subject them to total control for three years from the date of release, that is, the entire shelf life! First, three months after release, and then every year, all released batches are tested for physical and chemical parameters, for color evaluation. By the way, in two years the company will start its own microbiological laboratory, but for now these tests are carried out on a contractual basis by other accredited laboratories in Moscow and St. Petersburg. ESTEL rightly considers research on clinical and toxicological standards to be very important, because the number of people prone to allergic diseases has recently increased.

Constant expansion and modernization of production facilities and equipment

ESTEL production since 2010 is no longer one, but two plants in St. Petersburg: on Piskarevsky Prospekt and new production facilities in Kolpino with an area of 30 thousand square meters. m (where not only workshops are located, but also a warehouse for finished products). Both plants are well equipped and use high-quality domestic (for example, reactors) and imported (packing) equipment.

Most of the production is automated, and only in some cases the assistance of personnel is required. For example, cooking machines involve automated supply of raw materials and the subsequent supply of the finished product, but they need to be controlled by technologists. Assistance is also required in the preparation of raw materials. Packing involves automation, but at the final stages (for example, packing tubes of paint into boxes) manual work is used.

It was the expansion of production facilities and capacities and their maximum automation that allowed ESTEL to increase production to 10,000,000 units per month and take the position of one of the largest production facilities for professional hair dyes in Europe.

WFTU - the largest organization in the environment, formed on where a large Russian community lived; the organization originated in the 1920s and formally took shape as the May Party.

At the end of September 1945, Okhotin was arrested, and a year later he was convicted on the same basis as the ataman, Rodzaevsky and others. Was sentenced to 15 years.

Biography

In Harbin in 1932, Okhotin first saw during a report at the Russian Club. At the end of 1933, as a student at the Harbin Pedagogical Institute, he joined the WFTU (remained a member until 1943). In 1934, Okhotin made a personal acquaintance with Rodzaevsky.

Since 1935, he was a clerk, and then head of the office of the WFTU (1935-1937) and publisher of the newspaper "" (1938-1940). At the end of 1936 he was appointed head of the organizational department of the WFTU. In 1937-1938 he was also the secretary of the head of the WFTU Rodzaevsky. Okhotin's wife - headed in 1936-1943.

Okhotin was a member of the Supreme Council of the WFTU from 1937 to 1943.

Court

Okhotin was charged with active anti-Soviet activities after fleeing the USSR, in particular, participation in a fascist organization and membership in the Supreme Council of the RFU. In addition, according to the verdict, he was an agent of Japanese intelligence, being an employee of the Japanese military mission from 1940 until the day of his arrest, preparing spies, saboteurs and transferring them to the USSR for subversive work.

All defendants pleaded guilty. On August 30, 1946, at 5 o'clock, Ulrich began and finished reading the verdict at 5:30 o'clock. According to the verdict, Okhotin L.P. was found guilty, and he, as well as Prince Ukhtomsky, “considering their relatively smaller role in anti-Soviet activities,” was sentenced to 15 and 20 years, respectively.

Lev Okhotin died at a logging site in , having served two out of fifteen years in prison there.

Case review

Family

Father Pavel Okhotin (? - 1916 or 1917) - officer, died.

Mother Nadezhda Mikhailovna Melnikova, until 1919 Okhotina (1887 -?) - until 1916 or 1917 was married to Pavel Okhotin. In 1919 she married Alexander Melnikov, head of the Chita police section. Until August 1945 she lived in Harbin, her further fate is unknown.

Stepfather Alexander Petrovich Melnikov (1883 -?) - in 1919 he married Okhotin's mother - Nadezhda. Until August 1945 he lived in Harbin, his further fate is unknown.

Sister Alla Ilinskaya (1915 -?) - was married to Alexei Ilyinsky (1906 -?). Until August 1945 she lived in Harbin, her further fate is unknown.

Brothers Alexei Melnikov (1920 -?), Georgy Melnikov (1922 -?), Sergei Melnikov (1928 -?), and sister Tamara Melnikova (1932 -?) lived in Harbin until August 1945, their fate is unknown.

Wife - Evlalia Grigoryevna Okhotina, nee Silinskaya (12/4/1912 - December 1981,) - was born in the family of a priest. In 1922, together with her family, she emigrated from Russia to Manchuria. In 1934 she married Lev Okhotin. Headed in 1936-1943. From 1943-1945 she was a housewife. In the autumn of 1945, she was arrested in Harbin and sentenced to imprisonment. After being released from prison in 1956, she married a former member of the WFTU Migunov. She died in December 1981 in the city of Dzhambul.

Okhotin in art

Okhotin is one of the heroes of the novel "In those days in the East" by the Soviet writer Timofey Chernov. He is presented in the work as an anti-Soviet and a devoted comrade-in-arms of the Japanese.

Notes

Comments

Rendering in any way assistance to that part of the international bourgeoisie, which, not recognizing the equality of the communist system that is replacing the capitalist system, seeks to overthrow it, as well as to public groups and organizations that are under the influence or directly organized by this bourgeoisie, in the implementation of a hostile anti-USSR activities.
Espionage, that is, the transfer, abduction or collection for the purpose of transferring information that is, in its content, a specially protected state secret, to foreign states, counter-revolutionary organizations or private individuals.
Committing terrorist acts directed against representatives of the Soviet government or leaders of revolutionary and workers' parties, peasant organizations, and participation in the execution of terrorist acts, even if by persons who do not belong to counter-revolutionary organizations.
Destruction or damage with a counter-revolutionary purpose by explosion, arson or other purposes railway or other means of communication, communication, water supply, public warehouses and other structures, or state and public property.
Anti-Soviet agitation and propaganda.
Every kind organizational activity aimed at preparing or committing the crimes provided for in this chapter [meaning the chapter "Counter-revolutionary crimes"], as well as participation in an organization formed to prepare or commit one of the crimes provided for in this chapter.

Sources

GAHC. F. R830. Op. 3. D. 35230. L. 3.
GAHC. F. R830. Op. 3. D. 35230. L. 9.
GAHC. F. R830. Op. 3. D. 35230. L. 57-57v.
, With. 138.
GAHC. F. R830. Op. 3. D. 35230. L. 57v.
, With. 172.
Investigation case N-18765 against G. M. Semyonov, K. V. Rodzaevsky and others // Central Archive of the FSB RF. L. 459.
Investigation case N-18765 against G. M. Semyonov, K. V. Rodzaevsky and others // Central Archive of the FSB RF. L. 462.
, With. 416.
Investigation case N-18765 against G. M. Semyonov, K. V. Rodzaevsky and others // Central Archive of the FSB RF. L. 442.

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