Rational proposal for improvement examples. Rationalization proposal. Rationalization proposals in the enterprise: examples. How to submit a rationalization proposal without being an employee of the enterprise

Ideas for improving work come to minds of many. They often remain ideas. However, if they are formalized in the form of a rationalization proposal, then they can bring benefits and money. How to correctly draw up and submit a rationalization proposal, we will tell in the article.

From the article you will learn:

How to correctly draw up a rationalization proposal

1. The first stage in the design of the rationalization proposal (hereinafter referred to as the RP) is the verbal expression of all aspects of the idea:

in what conditions it can be implemented;
who will use it;
how the idea will be embodied;
what are the benefits to the company from the implementation of the RP.

2. Stage three - the study of the history of the issue. You need to collect all the information about how this problem was solved earlier, what are the approaches to solving it now, what is the advantage of your solution to this problem. It can be more economical, safer, more convenient to use, etc. All arguments in favor of your option must be supported by numbers, i.e. you should spend economic analysis RP.

EXAMPLE

Consider this stage For example. Let's say you want to improve a potato peeler. Study the question. Peeling potatoes with a regular knife involves waste in the amount of 10 g for each medium-sized tuber. Your knife reduces the amount of waste to 5 g. If the cost of a kilogram of potatoes is 25 rubles, and the weight of a tuber is 70 g, then the resulting savings will be 2 rubles. per kilogram. Time savings should also be taken into account. It is 2 minutes per kg. If the cost of a working hour is 120 rubles, the savings will be an additional 4 rubles. Further, it should be noted the ease of use and increased safety of the employee performing this operation.

All the information provided should be summarized in a table, to which drawings, graphs, diagrams, as well as a concise description of the RP should be attached. The text of the description should not exceed 1-2 pages and express the very essence of the RP: the subject of the proposal, the difference from analogues, the economic benefit.

How to apply for an improvement proposal

When the description of the RP is ready, you need to draw up an application. For the application, a standard A4 sheet is taken. At the very top, on the left, the addressee is indicated. As a rule, this is the head of the organization.

At the top right in the frame, write the word "Registered with No." and leave a place to indicate the date.

Certification of educational workers in 2017 will be voluntary and compulsory:

Personnel Number;
Full Name;
Place of work and place of registration;
Profession, specialty, position, education.
Year of birth.

"Application for a rationalization proposal".

Next subtitle "Agreement on the distribution of remuneration". Under it should write the following:" Previously given offer was not served anywhere"(and if it was submitted, then you should indicate where exactly) and further" We ask you to divide the copyright fee in equal parts"(if there is another agreement with the co-authors, then this option must be indicated.

This is followed by a phrase like this: “I (we) affirm that I am (are) the author (co-authors) of this proposal. I (we) know that if the proposal is recognized as secret, I (we) undertake (s) to comply with the secrecy rules, including those established by the Regulations on Discoveries, Inventions and Innovation Proposals. "

Next, final paragraph "Attached:

graphic materials (sketches, drawings, diagrams, graphs, etc.) on… sheets;
technical and economic calculations, justifications, etc. on… sheets;
other materials on… sheets.
In total on ... sheets. "

The next sheet of your application will be "Conclusions on the proposal".

In this section, you need to provide some feedback received on your RP. There must be at least two reviews. One must be received in his structural unit, and the second and subsequent ones from other departments of your organization (for example, economic, legal, or accounting department).

All reviews must be certified by signatures indicating the position and date. Please note that if the implementation of your RP can improve the working conditions of the company's employees, then in this case you will need to get feedback from your company's OSH specialist. In practice, reviews are drawn up by the authors of the RP themselves, taking into account the comments of those persons who will sign them.

The structure of the review consists of two blocks - the first one lists all the advantages of the RP, distributed according to reviews, and the second one should justify the need to recognize this proposal as rational.

The next sheet has the title " Decision by the proposal". There should be enough space for the text of the decision. There should also be space for signatures and dates.

At the very bottom of the sheet, a table is inserted with the title “ Changes in regulatory and technical documentation". It will have the following columns:

Title of the document;
Notification number;
Date of change;
The position and name of the department;

In the event that your RP entails changes to regulations company, these data will be entered into the table.

The last, most pleasant line:

« Received (s) certificate for the rationalization proposal.»

Date and signature.

The application process is now complete. All additional materials should be attached to it and an application should be submitted to the rationalization council. Applications are usually reviewed at the end of each quarter. If your proposal is approved, then you will receive a prize, certificate, honor and glory, and most importantly - moral satisfaction.

How to write a cover letter competently

The letter of proposal is drawn up on the letterhead of the organization.

What is the structure of the text of the proposal letter?

It is recommended to start a letter of proposal directly from the essence of the letter, that is, with a proposal. Already in the first line of the letter, it should be said about what is offered, the most important conditions or objectives of the offer should be listed. If the subject of the proposal needs detailing, then this information is set out in the second part of the letter, after the proposal is made.

What keywords and phrases are used in the letter?

The key verb of the sentence letter is the verb "offer." If the letter is addressed to a specific person, the pronoun “ To you»: « we are offering to you…". If the letter is addressed to an organization as a whole or to a group of individuals, the personal pronoun is written with a lowercase letter: "we offer you ...".

If the proposal is sent as a response to a request, in the initial phrase of the letter it is necessary to express gratitude to the addressee for their interest, for example: “ Thank you for your interest in the personnel testing program developed by us».

Three effective, in our opinion, the development of piles and pile foundations in construction are technical solutions of the Department of Construction Production Technology of the Brest State technical university: pile support (patent of the Republic of Belarus for utility model No. 8603), bored pile (patent No. 8370) and the third development - pile (patent application of the Republic of Belarus).

The pile support, in comparison with others of a similar purpose, is very simple to manufacture, minimally consumption of metal (metal only the trunk), cheap and technologically advanced in production. On such supports, you can erect fences, gates, build summer cottages, backyard buildings and other various above-ground structures.

The pile support before being immersed in the borehole is a shaped metal pipe 1 with expanding blades 2 made of 3 sections of the wall cut by longitudinal slots at the lower end of the pipe (Fig. 1). The pipe 1 itself is in cross-section made of a square box-shaped profile (patent No. 8603). It can also be made of rectangular box section. Both types of box profiles are produced by the domestic industry and they are cheaper than round metal pipes, approximately equal to box-shaped ones in area cross section trunk.

Longitudinal slots 3 are made on the side edges of the pipe 1 using a milling cutter or a cutter on a milling or cutting machine, a gas or kerosene cutter, or even on a sharpening (grinding) machine, as well as manually using a hacksaw for metal. Moreover, the longer the length of the blades 2 and the length of the longitudinal slots 3, the greater will be the opening of the blades in the well and the more widening will be created in the soil.

After drilling a well in the soil with any tool, mechanism, device or machine of the required depth and greater (compared to the dimensions of the cross-section of pipe 1) diameter, the lost shoe 4, previously selected from natural or artificial stone in the form of a rounded boulder, is lowered (dropped) into it or a spherical body, and then proceed to the opening of the blades 2 by driving the pipe 1 (Fig. 2). Due to the large dimensions of the shoe 4 in cross-section (compared to the dimensions of the cross-section of pipe 1), but smaller than the diameter of the well, the blades 2 of the pipe 1 begin to slide and move apart along the shoe 4 (boulder) to the sides and cut into the walls of the well , creating widening in it and the pile support itself. After sufficient opening of the blades 2 in the well (which can be judged visually and instrumentally on the draft of pipe 1 in the well), layer-by-layer backfilling of the well with soil, sand, crushed stone is started with careful compaction of each layer. As a result, a pile support is formed in the soil of a very high bearing capacity along the base soil for the action of both a vertical pressing load and a horizontal one.

The BrSTU has also developed the second (patent of the Republic of Belarus No. 8370) and third (patent application of the Republic of Belarus) options for the arrangement of pile supports (bored pile and pile), which differ from the first in the shape of the shaft and the material of the pile.

In a bored pile, the trunk is made of round metal pipe 1 with expanding blades 2 made of 3 sections of the wall cut by longitudinal slots at the lower end of the barrel (Fig. 3). Later, under the influence of clogging, the blades 2 open in the well, turning into a pile support in the ground (Fig. 4).

In the pile, the trunk 1 is made of wood from round timber (round timber), and the opening blades 2 are made of metal, fastened to the trunk with nails or screws 5 (Fig. 5). The opening of the blades 2 in the borehole is also carried out by the hammering method (Fig. 6).

In other respects, the structures of the pile support, bored pile and pile are similar, and the technologies for their installation into wells previously drilled in the ground are similar.

Under certain conditions, all three structures can bring a significant economic effect from their introduction into construction practice, in particular, on soft soils of the Republic of Belarus.

V.P. Chernyuk, Associate Professor of the Department of Construction Production Technology

Brest State Technical University, Ph.D.

Inventions, rationalization proposals, utility models are of great importance in the process of improving the technologies used. All of them act as objects of technical creativity. However, the most widespread of them are rationalization proposals. In an enterprise striving for the most effective achievement of the set goals, they are far from the last meaning. Let's consider this category in more detail below.

Positive points

Thanks to the rationalization proposal, an already existing technical solution can be improved, the equipment used can be modernized and adapted to certain production conditions. In addition, with the help of such implementations, it becomes possible to eliminate certain errors of designers or constructors. According to the data cited in specialized publications, rationalization proposals have recently provided about 70% of the total savings in the Russian economic system.

Definition

In the previously existing regulation, the rationalization proposal was a technical solution that was useful and new for the production, institution or organization to which it was directed. It assumed a change in technology, design of products or equipment, and the composition of the material. In addition, certain types of decisions were cited that belonged to the category under consideration.

According to this provision, the rationalization proposal had such characteristics as utility, novelty and technical solution. In the current recommendations, the definition is given in a slightly modified form. In particular, a rationalization proposal is a managerial, organizational or technical solution that is recognized as useful and new for a given structure. It is clear from the definition that only the first part of it has changed. Thus, the rationalization proposal has ceased to be confined exclusively to the field of technical methods for solving urgent practical problems.

Characteristic

First of all, it should be noted that the proposal, which is introduced as rationalization, should not just pose any task. Through it, it is necessary to reveal specific ways to solve the problem. A situation should be created in which, thanks to the rationalization proposal, it would be possible to obtain the expected result with maximum efficiency and with the least loss. Will not be recognized as useful and new solutions, only stating any need, limited to indicating the feasibility of carrying out this or that event or a positive result that can be achieved during its implementation, and so on.

The rationalization proposals, examples of which will be given below, include a principled answer. The solution should be so specific that there is no need to make any guesses or assumptions. The proposal reveals the essence of the author's idea, and its implementation does not require additional creative improvements. This condition will be considered fulfilled if there is enough information in the solution and the materials explaining it for the practical implementation of the concept by means of known design (construction) methods.

Methods of execution

Provision of a solution to the problem can be carried out with the help of managerial, organizational, technical means or their combination. Among the proposals of a technical orientation, those that relate to the design changes of products prevail, production technologies, the equipment used or the composition of the material. Such solutions are focused on improvement and modernization. At the same time, it is not excluded that such a project is recognized as a rationalization proposal, which provides for the implementation of new technology or technology. Management and organizational decisions contribute to obtaining an effective result through the implementation of appropriate measures or optimization of management.

What could be the rationalization proposals?

There are different examples. So, the decision may concern the placement labor resources, workflow. A rationalization proposal can be made on the repair of equipment, changes in the work schedule, and so on. The solution can also have an organizational and technical focus, combining different elements. So, thanks to the rationalization proposal, it is possible to achieve an improvement in the condition of places for workers, optimal placement of equipment, efficient separation or combination of production operations, and so on.

Novelty

This is the second essential feature of a useful solution. A rationalization proposal, in contrast to inventions, is subject to the requirement of local novelty. This means that this feature must be present within the companies to which decisions are directed. A proposal will be considered new if, prior to its submission, the enterprise was not aware of it to the extent that would be sufficient for its implementation.

Championship

The novelty is determined in accordance with a specific time period. With regard to rationalization proposals, the concept of primacy is used. It is determined by the date of receipt of a correctly executed application for the implementation of the project. The championship will be recognized for the author who did it first in accordance with the established procedure. The proposal can be opposed only by such information that reveals the essence of a given or identical project, which became known before the indicated date of the championship.

Information fund

The rationalization proposal includes:

Authorship

It must be borne in mind that a useful and new proposal should be the result of the creative activity of the person submitting it. Often in special editions it is proposed to consider this feature as an independent criterion of the "protectability" of the decision. However, according to a number of experts, this is not particularly necessary due to the fact that all intellectual property, for which copyright is recognized, should have a creative direction.

Thus, it is initially believed that all objects of this kind, including the rationalization proposal, are the result of the creative activity of the creators themselves and are not borrowed from open sources. Of course, the latter should be obvious. The refusal to recognize the proposal as rationalization on the basis of the establishment of borrowing, therefore, is allowed only if this fact is proved or is not disputed directly by the applicant himself.

This article is devoted to a very important and integral part of the activity of any enterprise - rationalization. What exactly is its importance, and how to create your own rationalization proposal?

Rationalization (rationalization activities at the enterprise) Is the process of improving the means and methods of production in order to increase its efficiency. Includes improvement of engineering, technology, labor organization, production and management.

The main thing in the article, if there is no time to read:

money is paid for rationalization proposals
rationalization proposals must be unique within the same enterprise - can be exchanged with colleagues
it is possible to submit rationalization proposals to the enterprise without being an employee through the communities of innovators and inventors

if there is an economic effect, payments can be significant

The principle of rationalization - in a simple sense, is needed in order to improve the functioning of elements in the space around us, to optimize the level of their interaction. Most often, rationalization in production involves the search for more economical solutions that will allow you to get the desired result with less labor and resources. In practice, this is achieved by improvements in several directions. For example, the improvement of the means of labor and technical processes is the modernization and technical re-equipment of the equipment used in order to ensure positive trends in the development of the company. For the same purpose, the results of labor are being improved, but definitely in different ways - by expanding the range of services provided, improving consumer properties manufactured products and so on. And improvements in work processes (labor rationalization) provide for a more favorable working environment by eliminating factors that lead to stressful situations in the work collective, material incentives of each individual worker, increasing the interest of the formed personnel in the growth of the status of the enterprise.

Companies need rational ideas, employees have ideas - in order to obtain mutual benefit, it remains to organize a connection between these links. Rationalization activity, as part of innovation, is regulated at the state level.

TNLA regulating rationalization activities. The procedure for the recognition of rationalization proposals

Russian Federation

The organizational conditions for the development of innovation are determined by the Decision of Rospatent and the Ministry of Industry of Russia dated June 25, 1996 N 6/7 "On Methodological Recommendations for the Organization and Implementation of Innovation Work at Enterprises Russian Federation". In accordance with this Decision, a technical, organizational or management proposal that is new and useful for a given enterprise can be recognized as rational.

In Russia, the process of recognizing a proposal as rationalizing is carried out by sending the author and subsequent consideration of an application drawn up in the form: Download the application form... Technical, organizational and management proposals must be drawn up in a separate order. Proposals are also registered in the journal, regardless of whether a positive decision was made to accept them. When considering the application at the enterprise, its detailed analysis is carried out according to the criteria of the technical solution, novelty and usefulness, and, in full compliance with the requirements of the enterprise, the available resources, the amount of incentive payments is assigned to the author. The recognition of the rationalization proposal and the start of its application is accompanied by the issuance of a certificate to the author (co-authors) no later than a month later. V Russian legislation there are also bonus payments to persons who contributed to the use of this offer. Payments to the author are made as follows:

up to a month after the proposal was recognized as rational (25% of minimum wage);
within 2 months after the expiration of 1 year from the date of introduction into production or after the end of the application of the rationalization proposal (if the operation lasted less than a year, the remainder of the remuneration is paid);
within a period of up to 2 months after the end of the 2nd year of the application of the rationalization proposal, an additional payment is made if the volume of its application has increased in comparison with the previous year.

The remuneration is not lower than 50% of the minimum wage established in the Russian Federation for proposals with technical solutions and 25% for organizational and managerial ones. Its maximum dimensions are not limited.

Ukraine

Art. 481-484 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, the rationalization proposal is considered to be a proposal approved by a legal entity, which includes any decision (improvement) regarding the organization of the process in any areas of activity.

In Ukraine, the number of transactions on intellectual property rights has grown dramatically recently, and, in fact, a “new life” has begun for such a legal object as a rationalization proposal. In this case, not only the process, but also the component can act as an object of rationalization. tangible property firms. A familiarization table with a detailed description of the criteria according to which a proposal can be classified as rational is shown below:

The subjects of the same IP rights for rationalization proposals, based on the provisions of Art. 483 of the Civil Code of Ukraine, its author and the legal entity to which it is addressed. The author is, in turn, an individual who made efforts to create a proposal, or a group of persons (co-authors) who jointly took part in the project. The ownership rights of the rationalization proposal are distributed among the co-authors on the basis of a mutual agreement and upon making a personal creative contribution to its development (without taking into account the help of a technical, organizational or material plan, as well as facilitating the conclusion of an agreement with the company).

In Art. 484 of the Civil Code of Ukraine states that a legal entity that has recognized the proposal as rationalization has unlimited rights to use it. In addition, such acts differ from inventions or patents, plant varieties and other certificates of intellectual property in that the law does not prohibit everyone, excluding the author himself, from allowing them to be used. In general, the author's property rights in this case are reduced to one thing - receiving remuneration for 2 years since the rationalization proposal was integrated into the activities of the enterprise. Funds are paid entity who became the subject of the contract.

Without recognition, the proposal will not become rationalization, and for recognition, in addition to the above aspects, it will need to be properly formalized. V general view the recognition procedure assumes the following:

submission by the author of the proposal of a written application in form N IB-5, in which all necessary information such as description, drawings, diagrams, sketches and everything that is directly related to its use in the enterprise;
putting forward the requirement of sufficiency for implementation to the documentation submitted by the author (according to Art. 482 of the Civil Code of Ukraine);
registration of the proposal in the company and consideration within 1 month of the decision on, in fact, the recognition or non-recognition of it as rational.

As a result of the recognition, the company provides the author with a special certificate, on the basis of which he will receive remuneration later. This certificate contains information about:

name and (if any) corporate name of the company that issued the certificate;
the name of the rationalization proposal;
surnames of the author (surnames of co-authors from “A” to “Z”);
date of receipt of the proposal;
the date of its recognition;
registration number of the proposal for the magazine.

The certificate is confirmed by the signature of the company manager and the seal.

Temporary act N 479/92 established the norms for the amount of remuneration determined in the terms of the agreement between the author and the company, with the minimum boundaries in:

10% of the company's annual income from the implemented rationalization proposal (the exact calculation is made according to Methodological Recommendations No. 80);
2% of the part of the cost of production (including work and services) that falls on the rationalization proposal that does not distribute positive influence on income.

Payment of remuneration is carried out with the frequency specified in the contract, but no later than 3 months that have passed since the end of each year of the application of the rationalization proposal in the organization.

Republic of Belarus

Resolution of the Council of Ministers dated 17.02.2010 No. 209 "On approval of the Regulation on innovation in the Republic of Belarus"

In Belarus, a written application must comply with the given form.

Each of the solutions, whether technical or organizational, is also drawn up separately. The application and the materials attached to it must contain the signatures of all co-authors and the date of creation. After the statement will be registered, the author still has the right to make adjustments to it until a decision is made on its recognition / rejection, but at the same time, the very essence of the proposal cannot be redefined. For all corrections and additions, separate sheets with dates and signatures are set up. Proposal acceptance certificate is transmitted to the author (each of the co-authors) within 30 days. The co-authors distribute the remuneration among themselves based on the percentage specified in their written agreement. The size of payments is determined by the situation at the enterprise, for proposals without economic effect it is at least 2 base values, and with an economic effect - up to 10% of the effect.

Kazakhstan

Applications for the alleged invention shall be drawn up in accordance with the “Instructions for the preparation of applications for an invention (EZ-1-74)”, with no less strict regulation of the constituent elements and the nature of the documents. It is imperative that the application contains information about the full name of the author and co-authors, their official duties, education, year of birth. The document contains all data about the proposal, such as its description, decision on acceptance / rejection, changes in technical documentation, calculated data on the annual savings after the implementation of the proposal and the author's agreement on the mutual distribution of funds. In general terms, the author is required to calculate, analyze and state what is the technical advantage of his solution in comparison with those already used and substantiate the expected economic effect from its implementation, as well as assess the possible scope of application of this solution. That is, the registration procedure is essentially similar to those previously described.

At enterprises, rationalization is regulated by the Regulation on Inventive and rationalization activities and may include the following sections:

Planning and analysis of inventive and rationalization activities. Sounds fantastic how it is possible to plan such an activity. Often at the exit of planning dry numbers, and how to do it is completely incomprehensible. It's impossible to plan ideas. In fact, everything is very simple - it is necessary to conduct a survey, identify the most acute problems in the areas of activity and set tasks for their solution. This is called "thematic planning" - for more details, see the link http://rzd-expo.ru/
Reporting and document management on inventive and rationalization activities. This is what creative people dislike the most. A rationalizing idea would be to automate the whole process from Excel and Google Sheets to integration into your CRM or internal site, but it may not count if it is included in your job duties, or such an item has already been planned for work by a higher manager.
Stimulating innovation. Payments for ideas and% of the economic effect. If the idea is too profitable for the employer, the maximum amounts are indicated lump sum payments or for a year.

How to submit a rationalization proposal without being an employee of the company?

It often happens that from the outside it is better to see. For example, near my house in grocery store card payment terminals are installed in front of the cashier. This is really inconvenient and delays the queue. Until I pay with the card, the next customer cannot upload the item. My appeals to the store manager did not give any result - she is not motivated to change, rather the opposite. If the installation site of the terminals is revealed, she will receive a scolding for what she did not immediately see. What should be done in this case? Refer to senior management who also has problems small shop a huge network is not strongly interested. It is not reasonable for me and myself to turn to an even higher leadership on such a petty issue. Yes, and I do not want to conflict and prove something. You can turn to the society of inventors and innovators and benefit from such a proposal.

All-Russian Society of Inventors and Innovators http://www.ros-voir.ru/
The Society of Inventors and Rationalizers of Ukraine seems to have ceased its activities in 2006. The regional and city councils may still operate.
Belarusian Society of Inventors and Rationalizers http://belgospatent.by
The Kazakhstan society of authors of discoveries, inventors and innovators exists formally

So the article examined the main issues related to the relevance, registration procedures, recognition and benefit from the rationalization proposal. The madcash.pro team of authors sincerely hopes that it will benefit readers, becoming one of the keys to success in concluding another profitable deal.

Ideas for improvement proposals

The main criteria for the recognition of the proposal as rational will be:

novelty of a technical solution (within the enterprise)
economic effect
organizational solutions
occupational health and safety

In practice, it all depends on the company you work for and on the management. On large enterprise it is difficult to find new technical solutions - everything is already known and planned (but nothing has been done). Organizational decisions are also not recognized - these are obvious mistakes of your management. Small business use spreadsheets and LED lamps can go with a bang. If there is no elaboration of innovation, conduct a survey among employees and colleagues: "Name 3 things that interfere with your work the most." The more data you have for analysis, the easier it will be to identify the main problems that need to be addressed. Well, then you need to successfully solve the problem with the help of available tools.

Main directions:

special devices not produced by the industry. Various grippers, service platforms, special lifting devices
saving electricity and other resources
automation of workflow and databases. The output must be a document in the prescribed form
development of training stands and software systems
use of modern microcircuits and components in outdated equipment

And what about their rationalization ideas?

Abroad, all innovations among employees are encouraged by bonuses and bonuses without paperwork and planning. Modern developments can be seen in IT companies. For example, everyone is entitled to a mug or other souvenir with a company logo for a reasonable idea. Large companies gladly use voluntary ideas from consumers in production. This is called crowdsourcing.

What could be the rationalization proposals?

How is efficiency expressed?

How to choose a formula for calculating economic efficiency?

It is possible to reduce the cost of manufactured products by optimizing the costs of the enterprise. One of the methods to improve work efficiency industrial enterprise- rational use of resources and reduction of waste and losses during the production process. To motivate workers to look for ways to reduce waste, enterprises develop and implement regulations on rationalization.

The economic efficiency of rationalization activities at the enterprise is expressed in an increase in product output, an improvement in product quality, a decrease in losses from production defects and waste, a reduction in production cycle, saving material and energy resources, reducing the cost of production, increasing labor productivity and facilitating it. When calculating the real savings from the implementation of proposals, only those items of production costs that really change as a result of the implementation of this proposal are taken into account. All costs associated with the implementation of the proposal are deducted from the savings.

To motivate employees to search for such solutions, it is necessary to develop and implement a regulation on innovation in the enterprise.

Rationalization proposal Is a proposal of a production and technical nature that directly improves manufacturing process way more effective use equipment, materials or labor of workers, but not significantly altering the design or technological processes production.

It is necessary to distinguish between rationalization proposals in the field of organizing production from rationalization proposals in the field of organizing the management of an enterprise, economy, etc.

In the first case, the author of the adopted rationalization proposal receives a remuneration, the amount of which, as a rule, depends on the amount of annual savings received from the application of the proposal; in the second - a premium in the amount established by the head of the enterprise or institution.

In the second case, it is only necessary to assess whether the proposal is rationalization or not. And in the first, economists must calculate the economic effect of the rationalization proposal.

The choice of the formula for calculating the economic effect depends on the type of rationalization proposal.

Economists of enterprises most often calculate the economic effect according to the first type technical solutions using the formula:

E = (Z 1 - 3 2) × A 2 = [(C 1 - C 2) - E × (K 2 - K 1)] × A 2, (1)

where E is the annual economic effect, rubles;

З 1, 3 2 - reduced costs of a unit of production (work) produced before and after the implementation of the rationalization proposal;

C 1, C 2 - the cost of a unit of production (work) for changing cost items before and after the start of using the invention or rationalization proposal;

E - coefficient of capital investment reduction;

K 1, K 2 - specific capital investments in production assets before and after the start of using the rationalization proposal, in rubles;

And 2 - the annual volume of production (work) using the rationalization proposal, in natural units.

Let us consider the procedure for calculating the economic effect on the example of rationalization proposals to reduce industrial waste.

By this direction There are 2 types of rationalization proposals:

to reduce recyclable waste and their rational use;
on the use of irrecoverable waste.

We are interested in a rationalization proposal to reduce the cost of production as a result of reducing recyclable waste and more rational use. In this case, the economic effect is the difference in the cost of the main product, in the production of which waste was generated, for those cost items that are affected by the rationalization proposal. This takes into account the prices set for the sale of waste.

And since recyclable waste minus, the cost of the main product can be calculated using the formula:

C o = H m × (C m + P t) - O m × C o, (2)

where C about is the unit cost of the main product, rubles;

N m - consumption of the main material, raw materials per unit of production;

R t - transportation and procurement costs for the delivery of a unit of material, raw materials to the enterprise, rubles;

Ts m - wholesale price per unit of material, raw materials, rubles;

About m - waste material, raw materials per unit of production;

C about - the price for the sale of a waste unit, rubles.

Substitute Formula 2 into Formula 1:

E = [(N m1 × (C m1 + P t1) - O m1 × C o1 - N m2 × (C m2 + P t2) + O m2 × C o2) - E × (K 2 - K 1)] × A 2. (3)

If Pt1 = Pt2, Cm1 = Cm2, C o1 = C o2, etc., the formula for calculating the economic effect will look like this:

E = [(C m1 + P t1) × (N m1 - N m2) - C o1 × (O m1 - O m2) - E × (K 2 - K 1)] × A 2. (4)

To calculate the economic effect of the rationalization proposal for the use of irrecoverable waste instead of high-grade materials for the production of products, the cost of manufacturing products from high-grade materials is compared with the cost of manufacturing products from non-returnable waste. In this case, only changing cost items are taken into account.

In this case, you can use the formula 4. Provided that O m1 = O m2, the formula will take the form:

E = [(C m1 + P t1) × (N m1 - N m2) - E × (K 2 - K 1)] × A 2. (5)

Table 1

Calculation of the economic effect of a rationalization proposal that changes production waste

P / p No.	Indicators	unit of measurement	Before use	After use
	Output
	Unit cost
	Including
	consumption of the main material per unit of production
	wholesale price of material for 1 kg
	transport and procurement costs per 1 kg
	waste per unit of production
	waste unit price
	Economic effect		58 800,00

R. V. Kazantsev,
Financial Director of LLC UK "Teplodar"

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