Draft architectural project. What is the conceptual design for? Draft design composition and requirements

Development sketch projects they are engaged when it is necessary based on the protocol of consideration of a technical solution or a technical task.

The main purpose of development sketch projects is the establishment of those circuit or design solutions that are of a fundamental nature and allow you to get a general idea of what the general structure of a product is, as well as what is the principle of its operation. A draft design is created mainly even before the bulk of the working documentation and technical design is developed.

While creating sketch projects the developers carefully study and analyze all possible versions of the product or its individual parts. This allows you to clearly define all those requirements that apply to the design. finished products, as well as to ensure the fulfillment of all the requirements that apply to it.

The complete set of documents that make up the draft design consists of a developed in full compliance with the requirements ESKD design documentation, as well as those drawings, diagrams, technical and technological regulations, etc., which are provided for by the protocol for considering a technical proposal and terms of reference.

It should be noted that in preliminary design do not include those documents that are developed even before the material layout is made.

The procedures for consideration, agreement and approval are not subject to original documents draft design, and their copies, although by special agreement with the customer, they can still be provided.

With regard to such an important point as the form in which all the documentation of the draft design is submitted, it can be paper or electronic, and is indicated in the protocol for considering the technical task. If there is no such indication, then it is determined on the basis of agreement with the customer. In addition, electronic and paper documents can be included together in the package of documentation of the draft design.

Composition of the draft design

Preliminary design, includes documents such as drawing general view, a statement of the draft design and an explanatory note.

A general arrangement drawing project (or an electronic model of an assembly unit considered equivalent to it) must include the following:

The image of the product, as well as various inscriptions and textual part, which make it possible to understand the principle of its operation, how exactly its constituent parts interact, as well as the features of its structural device.
Designations of all components of the product and their names. If necessary, it is also required to provide links to general arrangement drawings, which make it possible to understand all the important design features of the product, the composition of its individual components, etc.
Product dimensions and other data that are applied to the image.
Product diagram (in cases where it is really needed).
Technical data and others important characteristics that the product should have. They are required in order to make it easier to compare different options in the general arrangement drawing.

A document such as a statement draft design, should contain the names of all those design documents that are included in it.

Column " Note»May contain an indication of the option that corresponds to this particular document.

It is also allowed to include in the draft design those documents that are equivalent to those provided, but only in a different form of presentation. In this case, it is necessary to make an appropriate note in the column “ Notes (edit)».

An explanatory note of the draft design is drawn up in accordance with all the standards adopted for text documents.

Any object is a draft design. At this stage, decisions are being worked out on the layout of the premises, its appearance, location on the territory (if we are talking about the construction of a structure), scale, device, service life, functional purpose and overall plan conducting work.

What is a preliminary design for? Often, as practice shows, the requirements and wishes of the customer do not coincide with the current building codes and requirements for urban planning. In the future, this may entail lengthy paperwork for the registration of the constructed object. Therefore, the preliminary design coordinates and considers all the parties necessary for the customer:

All of these aspects are included directly in the draft design. It is very important to take them into account. Also attached to the draft design.

To the customer given view works helps to correctly plan and calculate the cost part, make adjustments to the construction of your facility. At the pre-design stage, it already becomes clear what preparatory work needs to be done. In the future, the draft design helps the customer to avoid the cost of correcting shortcomings and errors. Indeed, already at this stage it becomes clear how the external networks, power supply, track system and the location of other elements will pass.

We can say that the draft design helps the customer to visualize and understand the technical side of his future construction project. And it is much easier for the performer to approve and work out the chosen concept, remove unnecessary things and make new changes.

A draft design project consists of the following components:

General plan. This is a schematic image corresponding to the scale of the site with the planned buildings, entrances, entrances and improvement elements. In addition, the so-called red lines are indicated on the master plan, and all planned buildings and changes are already marked relative to them. The main goal is to comply with all building codes and take into account the wishes of the customer.

A floor plan is a schematic representation of all premises, equipment and

Facade. The image helps in the future to approve the passport of the facade in the relevant authorities and to get a general idea of the appearance of the structure.

Also important is computer visualization, which helps to see the object from different angles.

Designing a house begins with the creation of a draft design. Its main purpose is to develop the concept of a building. It includes the main parameters and features of the facility, which must be taken into account at the next stages of design.

Definition and features of the draft design

Draft design (EDS) is First stage design, which is carried out with the aim of developing the main architectural and technical solutions... On their basis, the customer gets a general idea of the object, its main parameters and operational characteristics. The degree of elaboration of details is determined by the terms of reference for the design and the contract concluded between the designer and the customer.

Requirements for the content of the draft design are regulated by GOST R 21.1101-2013, which came into force relatively recently - 01/01/2014. The same national standard designates ES as part of common system project documentation developed for construction. An important feature of the document in question is that in practice, small buildings and structures are often erected according to a well-executed draft design. Such an approach is impossible and even dangerous during the construction of a serious facility.

Composition and content of the draft design

The composition of the draft design is not strictly regulated by the above-mentioned GOST. This is due to the fact that the number and degree of elaboration of the documentation can vary greatly, depending on the requirements of the customer and the characteristics of the designed facility. Most often, in practice, the ED consists of:

Modern software visualizations allow you to perform 3D modeling of an object. It clearly demonstrates how the position of the building on land plot taking into account the peculiarities of the landscape, and the type of object after the completion of the planned construction and landscaping work. Therefore, serious design organizations necessarily include computer presentations of the projected building as part of the draft design.

Development of a draft design (architectural concept)- this is the very first stage of pre-design development. A conceptual proposal is necessary to form the first understanding of architectural features the object, the complexity of its design and the volume of construction. The specialists of the PNProject company carry out preliminary design to agree on fundamental decisions regarding the style, architectural design, functionality, layout, dimensions, and the layout of the building on the land plot. The concept allows you to quickly determine the estimated cost and timing of the design and construction of the building. The draft design serves as the basis for substantiating the investment attractiveness of the object. The conceptual proposal is the basis for the development of design solutions and the release of working documentation.

It is a mistake to believe that a concept is just a pretty picture on the basis of which you can start designing a building. In fact, a preliminary design is the result of a comprehensive analysis of a large number of different factors, the adoption of well-grounded conceptual decisions with reference to the initial technical parameters. At the stage of development of a draft design detailed calculations structural elements are not carried out, therefore the engineer must have sufficient knowledge and technical literacy so that conceptual solutions do not contradict building codes. The draft design, accompanied by title documents, is used to obtain initial permits from the KGA for design and survey work. On the basis of the draft design, the sequence of construction is determined, the need for the facility in energy supply. The customer receives information about what work needs to be done in order to prepare the site for development.

While the concept is being developed, PNProject specialists are in constant negotiations with the customer. The customer can make any changes in order to approach the design stage with a high-quality draft design. If the customer's requirements are contrary to building codes, we offer an alternative. The customer can be provided with several conceptual solutions to choose from. The options may differ in minor details, or, conversely, be the complete opposite of each other. After analyzing several proposals, the customer chooses the option that suits him in all respects.

The composition of the drawings of the sketch design

The initial data for the development of the draft design is the technical assignment for design, urban planning, topographic survey of the site allocated for building, the wishes of the customer. The composition of the draft design may vary depending on the specifics and purpose of the object. The documentation set of the "Draft Design" section consists of text and graphic parts - an explanatory note, sketches, 3D images of the object. The main sections of the draft design:

scheme master plan;
layout of transport routes;
development of facades;
floor plans of the building;
sections of the object in characteristic zones;
photorealistic general view of the building with elaboration of landscape solutions;
explanatory note.

The location of the building on the land. A capital construction object cannot be placed arbitrarily on the territory. When choosing the layout of the object and adjacent structures, the requirements are taken into account fire safety, sanitary norms and other building rules. It is important to correctly orient the elements of the house in relation to the cardinal points, coordinate the chosen solution with the surrounding landscape and the layout of existing communications, take into account the requirements of transport and pedestrian accessibility, and ensure the correct insolation of the building. The general plan diagram includes not only the projected object, but also the adjacent buildings, access roads and landscaping elements.

Plan shape. Having chosen the location of the object, the designer proceeds to determine the shape of the house in the plan. Modern technologies allow the construction of buildings of complex configuration, before designers in this direction, the broadest prospects are open. For example, in recent years, dome structures built from pneumatic film membranes have been especially popular.

Floor planning. The designer creates sketches for the location of load-bearing walls, partitions, floors, roofs, window and door openings, staircases, and foundations. The planning of the main premises is being worked out, schemes for the placement of equipment and communications are being developed. All decisions are consistent with fire safety requirements. By prior arrangement for this stage conceptual drawing of interiors with furniture arrangement and selection of finishing materials... When developing all subsections of the draft design, the thickness of walls, floors and ceilings, foundation structures, the layout of communications and the characteristics of the selected finishing materials are taken into account. This approach avoids errors in determining the actual height and dimensions of the premises.

Facade sketches. The architect thinks over the concept appearance buildings, is determined with the types of finishing materials and technologies, thinks over the layout of windows, doors, balconies, terraces. Sketch solutions for the architecture of the facades are consistent with the interior characteristics of the object.

General view of the building. Based on the results of complex work on all the above points, a general view of the building is created in the context of landscape design. To reproduce the external appearance of the building, we use modern three-dimensional visualization programs. The development of a photorealistic 3D model is complex and laborious process, requiring an attentive and balanced approach to the choice of textures, colors, materials. As a result, an almost complete copy of the projected building is born. The final visualization of the general view of the building is done after agreeing on solutions for the location and shape of the building, for floor planning and the execution of facades.

Explanatory note. In the textual part of the project, a description of the characteristics and functional purpose of the object is given, technical and economic indicators, the results of calculations of the technical and economic efficiency of design solutions are considered. The explanatory note indicates the approximate volume of construction and installation work. After working out the conceptual design, the picture of the forthcoming financial costs and labor costs for designing the building becomes clear.

High-quality study of the draft design Is a significant factor in minimizing problems and inconsistencies at the design stage. Paying due attention to the conceptual proposal and agreeing on each of its sections, you can be sure: the characteristics of the designed object will fully meet the customer's requirements. Fundamental changes made to the draft design eliminate the need for numerous alterations of design documentation. Order a draft design service, and you will be insured against the acquisition of a "pig in a poke". Our company has been developing concepts for objects for various purposes for many years. Concept development service can be provided autonomously or as part of design work... By contacting us, you will receive an album of drawings, sketches and photorealistic images of the designed object, created using modern three-dimensional visualization programs.

INTERSTATE STANDARD

UNIFIED SYSTEM OF DESIGN DOCUMENTATION

BASIC PROVISIONS

PRELIMINARY DESIGN

GOST 2.119-73

IPK PUBLISHING STANDARDS

1999

INTERSTATE STANDARD

Unified system for design documentation

SKETCHPROJECT

Unified system for design documentation. Preliminary design

GOST
2.119-73*

By the decree of the State Committee of Standards of the Council of Ministers of the USSR dated February 28, 1973 No. 501, the date of introduction is set

from 1974-01-01

This standard establishes requirements for the implementation of a conceptual design for products of all industries.

1. GENERAL PROVISIONS

1.1 ... A draft design is developed if it is provided for by the terms of reference or the protocol for considering a technical proposal.

A draft design is developed in order to establish the fundamental (structural, circuit, etc.) solutions of the product, giving a general idea of the principle of operation and (or) the device of the product, when it is advisable to do this before the development of a technical design or working documentation.

At the stage of developing a draft design, options for a product and (or) its component parts are considered. A draft design can be developed without considering various options at this stage.

1.2 ... When developing a draft design, they perform the work necessary to ensure the requirements for the product and allow to establish fundamental solutions. The list of necessary works is determined by the developer depending on the nature and purpose of the product and is agreed with the customer if the product is being developed by orders of the Ministry of Defense.

An approximate list of works for products for national economic purposes is given in.

Note. At the stage of the draft design, the works given at the stage of the technical proposal are not repeated if they cannot provide additional data. In this case, the results of earlier work are reflected in the explanatory note.

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 4).

1.3 ... The set of documents for the draft design includes design documents, in accordance with GOST 2.102-68 provided for by the terms of reference and the protocol for considering the technical proposal. When documents are executed in electronic form, the electronic structure of the product and the electronic model of the product (assembly unit, complex) are performed with a degree of detail corresponding to the stage of the draft design.

Design documents developed for manufacturing material layouts in accordance with GOST 2.002-72, are not included in the set of documents for the draft design.

(Modified edition, Rev. No. 5 )

1.4 ... For consideration, agreement and approval, copies of the documents of the draft design, completed according to GOST 2.106-96 ... It is allowed, upon agreement with the customer, to present the originals of the draft design documents.

1.5. The form for submitting documents of the draft design (paper or electronic), if it is not indicated in the terms of reference and (or) the protocol for considering a technical proposal, is determined by the developer in agreement with the customer. The types of documents are established by GOST 2.102-68 ... It is allowed to include documents in different forms representation.

(Introduced additionally, Rev. No. 5 )

2. REQUIREMENTS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DOCUMENTS

2.1 . General requirements to the execution of documents

2.1.1 ... Design documents containing various product options are performed according to GOST 2.118-73 in terms of placing information about various options, placing images of options, building tables containing data of various options, etc.

2.2 .General arrangement drawing

2.2.1 . At the stage of the draft design, a general arrangement drawing or an equivalent electronic model of an assembly unit in general case should contain:

a) images of the product (types, sections, sections), text and inscriptions necessary to understand the structural design of the product, the interaction of its constituent parts and the principle of operation of the product;

b) the names, as well as the designations (if any) of those component parts of the product for which it is necessary to indicate the data ( specifications, quantity, instructions on material, principle of operation, etc.) or reference to which is necessary to explain the images of the general drawing, describe the principle of operation of the product, instructions on the composition, etc.;

c) dimensions and other data applied to the images (if necessary);

d) the scheme, if it is required, but it is impractical to draw it up as a separate document;

e) technical characteristics of the product, if it is necessary for the convenience of comparing options according to the general drawing.

(Modified edition, Rev. No. 5 )

2.2.2 ... Images are performed with the maximum simplifications provided by the standards Unified system design documentation. The constituent parts of the product, including those borrowed (previously developed) and purchased, are depicted with simplifications (sometimes in the form of contour outlines), if at the same time an understanding of the structural structure of the product being developed, the interaction of its constituent parts and the principle of operation of the product is provided.

(Modified edition, Rev. No. 5 )

2.2.3 ... Separate images of the component parts of the product are placed on one general sheet with images of the entire product or on separate (subsequent) sheets of the general arrangement drawing.

When performing a general arrangement drawing in the form electronic model assembly unit is recommended to place models of individual component parts of the product in separate files.

(Modified edition, Rev. No. 5 )

2.2.4 ... The names and designations of the component parts of the product in the general arrangement drawings are indicated in one of the following ways:

a) on the shelves of leader lines;

b) in a table placed on the same sheet as the image of the product;

c) in a table made on separate sheets of A4 format in accordance with GOST 2.301-68 as subsequent sheets of the general drawing. In the general view drawing, made in the form of an electronic model of the assembly unit, it is recommended to indicate the names and designations of the component parts of the product in the ways of a) and c).

If there is a table on the shelves of the leader lines, the position numbers of the component parts included in the table are indicated.

The table generally consists of columns: "Pos.", "Designation", "Name", "Quantity", "Additional instructions".

When executing a general arrangement drawing in the form of an electronic model of an assembly unit, it is recommended to use the simultaneous display of the electronic structure of the product (instead of the table) and its electronic model, providing the possibility of highlighting (highlighting) the component of the electronic model when specifying the corresponding element of the electronic structure of the product.

(Modified edition, Rev. No. 5 )

2.2.5 . It is recommended to place the names and designations of the component parts of the product in the table and (or) the electronic structure of the product in the following order:

borrowed products;

purchased products;

newly developed products.

(Modified edition, Rev. No. 5 )

2.2.6 ... General arrangement drawing elements and (or) an equivalent electronic model of an assembly unit "; exclude the words: "for working drawings(position numbers, text technical requirements, inscriptions, etc.) are performed according to the rules established by the standards of the Unified System for Design Documentation for working drawings.

(Modified edition, Rev. No. 5 )

2.3 .Schematic design sheet

2.3.1 ... All design documents included in the set of documents for the draft design are entered into the list of the draft design in the manner prescribed GOST 2.106-96 , regardless of which variant the document belongs to.

It is allowed in the "Note" column to indicate the appropriate this document option.

It is allowed to include in the set of documents of the draft design equivalent documents in various forms of presentation (in paper or electronic form), while in the column "Note" it is recommended to indicate the form of presentation of the document.

(Modified edition, Rev. No. 5 )

2.4 .Explanatory note

2.4.1 ... An explanatory note of the sketch design is performed according to GOST 2.106-96 taking into account the following basic requirements for the content of the sections:

a) in the section "Introduction" indicate the name, number and date of approval of the technical task. If the development of the draft design is provided not by the technical task, but by the protocol of consideration of the technical proposal, then they make an entry of the type: "Development of the preliminary design is provided for by the technical proposal ..." and indicate the number and date of the protocol of the consideration of the technical proposal;

b) in the section "Purpose and scope of the product under development" provide the relevant information from the technical assignment and technical proposal, as well as information concretizing and complementing the technical assignment and technical proposal, in particular:

a brief description of the area and conditions of product use;

general characteristics of the object for which this product is intended for use (if necessary);

c) in the section "Technical characteristics" give:

main technical characteristics of the product (power, speed, productivity, power consumption, fuel consumption, efficiency and other parameters characterizing the product);

information on compliance with or deviations from the requirements established by the terms of reference and technical proposal, if it was developed, with justification for deviations;

data comparing the main characteristics of the product with the characteristics of analogs (domestic and foreign) or provide a link to a map of the technical level and quality;

d) in the section "Description and justification of the chosen design" give:

description of the design, justification of the fundamental decisions taken at this stage (constructive, circuit, etc.). When executing an explanatory note in the form electronic document it is allowed to provide a link to electronic layouts (models) made in accordance with GOST 2.052-2006.

If necessary, provide illustrations;

information on the purpose of material layouts (if they were made), electronic layouts (if they were developed), the program and method of testing or analysis (or a link to a separate document - the program and method of testing), test results and assessment data of the conformity of layouts to the specified requirements, including ergonomics and technical aesthetics;

photographs of material layouts (if necessary);

designations of the main design documents, according to which the material models were made, the number and date of the report (or protocol) on tests, etc. (for information);

information about manufacturability;

data of verification of decisions taken for patent purity and competitiveness;

information on the use of inventions in this development, on the submitted applications for new inventions;

information on the compliance of the product with the requirements of safety measures and industrial sanitation;

preliminary information about the packaging and transportation of the product (if necessary);

technical requirements for new products and materials used in the product being developed, which should be developed by other organizations. Such technical requirements can be given in the annex to the explanatory note;

information on the conformity of the borrowed (previously developed) components used in the product, purchased products and materials to the product being developed in terms of technical characteristics, operating modes, warranty periods, operating conditions;

the main issues of the technology of manufacturing products;

information about the safety of the product and its impact on the environment;

information on disposal of the product;

e) in the section "Calculations confirming the performance and reliability of the structure" give:

approximate calculations confirming the performance of the product (kinematic, electrical, thermal, calculations of hydraulic systems, etc.);

approximate calculations confirming the reliability of the product (calculations of indicators of durability, maintainability, preservation, etc.).

With a large volume of calculations, they can be issued in the form individual documents, while in this section only the results of calculations are given. For each type of calculations, indicate the means of software and information support of automated systems (if they are used to perform calculations);

f) in the section "Description of the organization of work with the use of the developed product" preliminary information is provided on the organization of work with the product at the site of operation, including:

a description of the techniques and methods of working with the product in the modes and conditions stipulated by the terms of reference;

a description of the procedure and methods for transportation, installation and storage of the product and its commissioning at the site of operation, as well as maintenance during storage and operation;

information on the qualifications and number of service personnel;

g) in the section "Expected technical and economic indicators" provide approximate calculations of economic indicators;

h) in the "Level of standardization and unification" section, preliminary information is provided on the use of standard, unified and borrowed assembly units and parts in the product being developed;

(Modified edition, Rev. No. 5 )

2.4.2 ... Attached to the explanatory note are:

a copy of the terms of reference;

if necessary, a list of works that should be carried out at the next stage of product development;

materials of artistic design study, which are not design documents;

list of used literature, etc .;

a list of documents used in the development of a draft design and received by the developer of a product from other enterprises and organizations (copyright certificates, a report on patent research, a consumer certificate on the required volume of production of developed products, etc.); at the same time, the documents in the annex to the explanatory note are not included, but the explanatory note may contain necessary information from these documents (for example, the subject of the invention, the required quantities of products for a quarter, for a year, for a five-year period), as well as the number and date of the document or cover letter.

a list of software and information support for automated systems used in the development of a draft design

(Changed edition, Amendment No. 1,).

APPENDIX

LIST OF WORKS PERFORMED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SKETCH DESIGN

In general, when developing a draft design, the following work is carried out:

a) the implementation of options for possible solutions, the establishment of the features of the options (characteristics of the options for component parts, etc.), their design study. The depth of this study should be sufficient to compare the options under consideration;

b) preliminary solution of issues of packaging and transportation of the product;

c) production and testing of material layouts and (or) development and analysis of electronic layouts in order to check the principles of operation of the product and (or) its components ”;

d) development and justification of technical solutions aimed at ensuring reliability indicators established by the technical specifications and technical proposal;

e) assessment of the product for manufacturability and the correctness of the choice of means of control (testing, analysis, measurements);

f) evaluation of the product according to the indicators of standardization and unification;

g) assessment of the product in relation to its compliance with the requirements of ergonomics and technical aesthetics. If necessary, in order to establish the ergonomic, aesthetic characteristics of the product and for the convenience of comparing various options for these characteristics, they are made material layouts and / or design electronic layouts;

h) checking options for patent frequency and competitiveness, filing applications for inventions;

i) checking the compliance of the options with the requirements of safety measures and industrial sanitation;

j) a comparative assessment of the options under consideration, issues of metrological support of the product being developed (the possibility of choosing methods and measuring instruments).

p) elaboration of issues that ensure the possibility of using design documentation in electronic form at subsequent stages of development. "

(Modified edition, Amendment No. 5)

The comparison is carried out in terms of product quality indicators (purpose, reliability, manufacturability, standardization and unification, economic, aesthetic, ergonomic).

At the same time, one should take into account the design and operational features of the developed and existing products, trends and prospects for the development of domestic and foreign technology in this area;

k) the choice of the optimal variant (s) of the product, the rationale for the choice; making fundamental decisions; confirmation (or clarification) of the requirements for the product (technical characteristics, quality indicators, etc.) established by the technical assignment and technical proposal, and determination of technical and economic characteristics and indicators not established by the technical specification and technical proposal;

l) identifying, on the basis of the adopted fundamental decisions, new products and materials that should be developed by other enterprises (organizations), drawing up technical requirements for these products and materials;

m) drawing up a list of works that should be carried out at the next stage of development, in addition to or clarifying the work provided for by the terms of reference and technical proposal;

o) study of the main issues of manufacturing technology (if necessary);

o) preparation of proposals for the development of standards (revision and amendments to existing standards), provided for by the terms of reference at this stage.

APPENDIX. (V introduced additionally, rev. No. 4).

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