What do you need to open your ip. How to open an IP? Sole Proprietorship or LLC: Which is Better for a Small Business?

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Individual entrepreneurship is the activity of citizens focused on generating income, the amount of which in most cases exceeds the level wages. It is not surprising that many people are interested in how to open an individual entrepreneur and what taxes to pay.

If you are planning to start a small business or small production, you will have to register an individual entrepreneur without fail in order to work within the law. In the article, I will consider the instructions for opening a private business, official registration, the taxation system in the field of individual entrepreneurship and give legal advice.

IP is an activity carried out by an entrepreneur independently. Profit is based on the use own property, performance of work and sale of goods. Entrepreneurs have to work in the area of application of laws that apply to legal entities.

Decided to start your own business? Perfect. Check out the article in which I will tell you what documents are required for registering an individual entrepreneur, and in which government bodies will have to apply.

The main registration authority responsible for issuing permits for entrepreneurial activities of an individual nature is the territorial branch of the Federal Tax Service. There is a small exception. In particular, in Moscow, you can open an individual entrepreneur by contacting the Interdistrict Inspectorate of the Federal Tax Service No. 46. According to current legislation, registration of an individual entrepreneur takes 5 days.

Without a package of documents, it will not be possible to register an entrepreneurship. What papers are submitted to the registration authority?

IP registration application. You can find a sample application at the registration authority or on the website nalog.ru.
The passport. If the package is submitted by the applicant, a copy will do. If the issue is handled by a trusted person, a copy of the passport will have to be notarized.
You will also need the original receipt, which indicates the payment of the fee.
Additional documents. A power of attorney if the package is submitted by an authorized person, and a certificate of registration when this information is not clearly visible.

After submitting a package of documents, the applicant receives a receipt stating that the registration authority has received the application. A date has been set for when the results will be released. Complete your application carefully and correctly. If it makes mistakes, the authority will send them to the individual by mail. As a result, IP registration will be delayed.

Video advice from a professional lawyer

If all is well, on the day appointed by the registrar, the applicant must come to the specified location and receive:

A certificate that confirms the registration of IP.
Document on assignment of an identification number.
Extract from the State Register of Entrepreneurs.

Let's consider the procedure in detail.

Step by step action plan

Not satisfied with the salary? Tired of working as an archaeologist or doctor for a penny? Do you want to realize your business ideas? Optional to create joint-stock company suitable for sole proprietorship. For registration, an appropriate application is submitted to the tax authority.

Make sure you are not subject to restrictions, established by law for IP. Specifically, you must be over 18 years of age. Ability should not be limited to judicial order. Municipal and public services cannot be entrepreneurs.
Write an application for registration of IP. You will find the form of the form, which is called P21001, at the registration authority or on the portal of the regional tax service. The application is written by hand or on a computer.
In the application, indicate the type of planned activity. The information will become the basis for conducting activities permitted by law. Keep in mind that certain activity subject to the appropriate system of taxation.
Decide on the taxation system. In most cases individual entrepreneurs choose the simplified taxation option. It is noteworthy that this stage is allowed to pass after registration is completed. However, it is best to decide on the SN during the application process.
Contact the regional tax authority and get the details for paying the state tax. duties. You can pay it at Sberbank, and attach the receipt to the application. Please include a copy of your passport with your package of documents. identification code. Don't forget to bring your passport with you when applying.
Give the complete package to the representative of the tax authority. Within 5 days, employees of the department will draw up documentation and issue a certificate and an extract from the register.
After receiving, it remains to contact the Pension Fund, register and find out the amount of the mandatory contribution. Upon completion of the process, you can open a bank account and start entrepreneurial activities.

The procedure for registering an individual entrepreneur can seem complicated. However, in reality the opposite is true. If there are no problems with the law, in less than a week, make your dream come true by becoming a businessman.

Video review of the opening of IP

How to open an IP for a foreign citizen in Russia

Recently, a friend from Kazakhstan asked me how to open an IP for a foreign citizen in Russia. I will describe in detail the procedure for registering foreigners as individual entrepreneurs in the territory Russian Federation. To begin with, I note that any foreigner has the same rights as citizens of the country.

I will list the requirements for foreign citizens when opening an IP.

When registering a foreigner as an entrepreneur, it is necessary to follow the current legislation regarding the registration of entrepreneurs.
Since the place of registration of the entrepreneur is a permanent residence permit, foreigners are registered on the basis of the place of temporary residence. The information is indicated in the identity card, in the form of a stamp.

Consider the documents for registration.

IP registration application.
A copy of the foreigner's passport. Have the original with you.
Photocopy of birth certificate. It is not out of place to grab the original.
A copy of the document that allows you to permanently or temporarily reside in Russia. Based on it, registration is carried out.
Original and photocopy of the document confirming the place of residence in Russia.
Receipt of payment of the fee for opening an individual business.

Remember, all documentation for opening a business that is submitted to the tax office must be in Russian. If necessary, translate and notarize.

Foreign citizens can independently hand over the package to the tax office. If this is not possible, for example, for health reasons, the applicant can send them by valuable letter, attaching an inventory. The registration procedure takes 5 days, as is the case with Russian citizens.

If you have a great idea for organizing a business in our country, you can implement it. The current legislation does not interfere.

What taxes does a sole proprietor pay?

Let's talk about what taxes an individual entrepreneur pays. Over the past year, IP taxes have not changed much. Consequently, the payment rules remained at the same level. According to the current legislation, the taxation of entrepreneurs in Russia is carried out according to several options:

Single tax- ENVD.
Simplified system - USN.
Patent system - PSN.
The main system is OSN.

Each of the entrepreneurs working in the territory of the Russian Federation reserves the right to choose the taxation option that is more suitable. Consider the options in more detail to do optimal choice.

UTII

The UTII taxation system has been in force since 2008. Until 2014, the Russian territorial units that adopted the system as a tax adhered only to it. In the year 2014, individual entrepreneurs got the opportunity to choose the type of taxation.

Provides for the payment of fees on estimated income. The amount, taking into account all factors that provide income, is set twice a year. After that, the individual entrepreneur pays fifteen percent of this amount every month.
The main disadvantage is that the entrepreneur pays deductions regularly. It doesn't matter if there is any income at all.
The main advantage comes down to the exemption of the businessman from other fees, ease of reporting and low interest rates.

PSN

Only individual entrepreneurs have access to the PSN. Businessmen using this option are required to submit a corresponding application to the tax office 4 weeks before obtaining a patent. Upon completion of the registration of the PSN, it is impossible to switch to the previous system.

You can work with this taxation option only in the territory where the patent is received. For work in other regions, they are undergoing a re-registration procedure.
For Russian subjects there are various rules for registration, conditions for issuance and validity periods. Details can be found at the regional tax office.
The general rule for Russia is the exemption of the entrepreneur from the mandatory preparation of a declaration for the duration of the patent.
Advantage: no need to use cash machine, less stringent reporting and a tax rate of 6%.

USN

USN simplifies reporting. As a result, an entrepreneur can manage on his own, without resorting to the help of an accountant. Plus, the simplified tax system exempts from property tax and value added.

There are two forms of the simplified system: by income and by profit. The first option provides for the payment of six percent of income. In this case, the costs invested in the enterprise are not subject to consideration.

The second option is more loyal to the business, which provides for permanent investments. As soon as a businessman submits a report to the tax office, a calculation is carried out, which takes into account the costs of investments. The amount of the fee is 5-15% of income.

Entrepreneurs who meet certain conditions can switch to this scheme.

The annual income does not exceed the mark of 6 million rubles.
Number employees no more than 100 people.

DOS

For businessmen, DOS is the least profitable. If you do not apply for one of the listed options, you will have to work on the basis of DOS.

Difficult in reporting. The company must have an accountant.
The second disadvantage is high interest rates and many taxes.

You have learned how to become an individual entrepreneur in Russia and what taxes to pay. Each of these systems has advantages and disadvantages, and determines what taxes to pay.

I examined in detail the procedure for registering individual entrepreneurship and paid attention to the taxation system. I sincerely hope the information helps.

If you have a good business idea, try to implement it in your country. If this does not work out at home, come to Russia and try your luck here. Perhaps you will be lucky and become a millionaire. See you soon and profitable business!

Cafe is the most popular business format Catering. It doesn't take a multi-million dollar to start this business. costs. With a good work of the cafe, it is easy to acquire a permanent loyal clientele. You can work in one place for decades and even pass this business on by inheritance.

But in order for the cafe to bring a constant stable income, before opening it, you need to study key points this business. Of course, nothing can replace your real experience, but still, it is worth knowing where to start if you decide to open your cafe from scratch.

For our users, we wrote a book about opening a small cafe, where we collected only practical advice, examples and calculations. It's a little more than just step-by-step instruction so we highly recommend you read it.

What will you learn by reading our book? Before you open your cafe, you need to answer a number of questions:

Where will you open a cafe? Will it be a shopping center, a busy street, a residential area or a closed area such as an office center, university, enterprise?
Are there enough potential clients? How to estimate the expected attendance of your cafe?
How are your competitors doing? What niche in the catering market can you occupy?
Where to buy equipment, furniture and utensils for your cafe?
How to legally resolve the issue with musical accompaniment?
What do you need to get permission to open a cafe?

Our instruction book will tell you where to start to open your own cafe. But we did not limit ourselves only to describing the procedure for opening a cafe. You will also learn how to evaluate the restaurant menu for profitability, what are the performance indicators of a working cafe, what should your chef do, and what area of responsibility should you control yourself.

How much does it cost to open a cafe from scratch

To understand how much money you need to open a cafe, you need to decide on the format of your establishment. At the preliminary stage of assessing the location, activities of competitors, possible attendance, average bill, it is already possible to assume what daily income your cafe will bring. A good payback period for a cafe will be one year of full operation, and this is the starting point when calculating how much money you need to open your cafe.

All costs for opening a cafe from scratch can be divided into one-time and those that will have to be borne for the entire period of the cafe's operation. Let's collect this data in a table:

We did not indicate in the table the most important item of expenditure - for the premises, since the situation here may be different:

Do you already have your own cafe space?
Are you planning to buy a property?
cafe space will be rented.

Most often, the premises for a cafe are rented. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, areas where there is good attendance are often located in shopping centers, where premises can only be rented. Secondly, renting rather than buying premises reduces the cost of opening a cafe. Thirdly, despite all the preliminary calculations, the location of the cafe may turn out to be unsuccessful.

You need to rent a space for a cafe wisely. About what you need to pay attention to when concluding a lease agreement with the owner, we told in our book. Well, if the premises are yours, congratulations, your risks when opening a cafe from scratch will be much less.

In each case, the amount of expenses when opening a cafe from scratch will be different. In our book, we calculated in detail and to the smallest detail the cost of opening a summer-type cafe for 20 people. One-time costs amounted to 500 thousand rubles, plus 330 thousand rubles were fixed costs for the first month of the cafe, taking into account the lease of the premises. Total, 830 thousand rubles.

For business starters, we advise you to consider the option of a franchise in the field of catering. Opening a franchise cafe in some cases will be cheaper, due to the fact that the franchisor is interested in promoting his brand. For example, he may offer you equipment in installments, for rent, or even for free use. Of course, he will reimburse his expenses later when he receives monthly payments from you, but at the first stage, running a franchise cafe will help you start making a profit faster.

When choosing a franchise, keep in mind that the cost and income examples in the franchisor's proposal may not be entirely accurate. The franchisor is interested in selling you a franchise, so recalculate all the figures yourself and add those costs that are not taken into account in his rosy picture.

Are you planning to start your own business? Do not forget about the current account - it will simplify doing business, paying taxes and insurance premiums. Especially now, many banks offer favorable conditions for opening and maintaining a current account. You can get acquainted with the offers on our site.

How to open a cafe from scratch: a business plan

Do I need a business plan to open a cafe? If we talk about a professionally written document with formulas, graphs and marketing research, then it will be expensive. Unfortunately, even an expensive document prepared by specialists will not guarantee you the declared income figures. A business plan is just a plan; only the cost figures will be more or less accurate in it.

Nevertheless, before you open your own cafe, you must definitely calculate its revenue side. Yes, it will only be assumed, but you have to imagine what you can expect with a good organization of the cafe.

We propose to replace a professional business plan for opening a cafe with an example with calculations of expenses and revenues. You can also find such an example in our book. In this example, we calculated not only the amount of expenses, but also how many visitors should enter the cafe, what should be the average bill, and what could be the payback period of your cafe.

What documents are needed to open a cafe

What permissions are needed to open a cafe? A cafe is a public catering enterprise, and such establishments are under increased attention of supervisory authorities. Answering the question: “What does it take to open a cafe?”, we must draw your attention to the presence of certain bureaucratic barriers.

Unfortunately, the process of obtaining permits opening a cafe can take you a long time. The procedure itself is not explicitly spelled out in any normative act, because approvals must be obtained in different services.

The package of documents for opening a cafe in 2020 will include:

coordination with the fire inspectorate;
sanitary and epidemiological conclusion from Rospotrebnadzor on the compliance of the cafe with the requirements;
permission to open a cafe from the local administration;
permission to place outdoor advertising;
a license to sell alcohol, if you sell it;
coordination with the police on the placement of a panic button.

The most difficult thing will be to get permission from Rospotrebnadzor to open a cafe, because. for this, it is necessary to comply with the requirements of several special documents (SNiP). During the issuance of the conclusion, Rospotrebnadzor will request contracts for disinfection, garbage disposal, laundry services, a technological project for connecting equipment to electricity, water, sewerage, and other documents. Further, a program of sanitary production control will be approved, according to the plan of which further activities will be checked. We advise you not to conclude a lease until you know sanitary requirements to your type of cafe. It is possible that the room you have chosen may not correspond to them at all.

It is easier to open a cafe in a room where there was already a catering point, or in a shopping center in the format of a food court, where the administration of the shopping center will provide some assistance in obtaining permits.

You can answer what documents are needed to open a cafe in Russia in specialized law firms that help in obtaining various kinds of licenses, approvals, permits. It is no secret that connections, knowledge of the procedure, regional peculiarities are of great importance in this matter, therefore, if you have the opportunity to order such services, you should take advantage of this.

In any case, do not despair, you can get permits to open a cafe on your own, especially since you only need to do this once. Look how many active catering outlets are around, they all managed to overcome these bureaucratic obstacles. You can too.

The information is relevant for those who plan to open a store in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and other countries of the CIS and the world. All the features of launching an enterprise are universal for different areas.

In this article, we answer the following questions:

How to open a store from scratch and how much does it cost?
Which new shop profitable to open?
Where to start, what you need, how to draw up documents and equip the store?
How to attract customers and get a stable profit?

: Finding a market niche

winning option– choose the type of product related to your professional skills or hobbies.

For example, a person who understands technology will be able to establish its sale, correctly assess the needs of customers and know how to present this product. Cosmetics or clothing stores are traditionally run by women who are passionate about beauty and style. It is easier to form an assortment and set up work with those things that you understand.

If you approach the choice of direction purely for commercial reasons, then you should open an enterprise of any type that is in demand in a particular place. If there is nowhere to buy pasta in a residential area after nine in the evening, the best solution is your own 24-hour grocery store.

The nuances of opening a store, or factors to consider when choosing a market niche:

1. Seasonality of business. Many types of goods sell better in a certain season ( winter clothes, some sporting goods, etc.). Decide on the seasonality of your business and think in advance about ways to receive money in the off-season.

2. Competition. When deciding on the type of product, it is important to choose a location without direct competitors nearby. Or offer the buyer something that the competitor does not have.

For example, adjacent to expensive boutiques in a shopping center, it is worth offering a good range of youth clothing and accessories at a low price.

A grocery store near a supermarket cannot survive with the usual assortment. Better to specialize in selling confectionery, meat, household essentials, etc., that is, narrow your niche.

3. Be very careful with ideas. which have no analogues. On the one hand, such a business in the absence of competitors will receive maximum profit. On the other hand, the lack of competition may mean that such products are not in demand.

Step 2: Store Name

It is necessary to start preparing for the opening with the name. This is a little thing that should be taken care of in advance. When drawing up a business plan and planning expenses, be sure to consider the sign. And its value directly depends on the name.

Main requirement- Appropriateness and attractiveness of the name. It should explain to passers-by what is for sale inside. If you want to take the original name, then add a specialization to it (grocery, construction, clothing, etc.)

Step 3: Business Plan

If you are not sure whether it is worth spending time on this, discard all doubts. This is a step-by-step guide on how to open your own store, plus an extra opportunity to look at the business from the outside: assess the risks and benefits.

Mandatory points of a business plan

Summary(where is the company located, what does it do);
Market and competitor analysis;
Organizational moments(registration of the enterprise, obtaining the necessary permits and licenses);
Marketing plan(how will you stimulate sales, what advertising to use to attract and retain customers);
Assortment and pricing(what categories of goods will be presented, their cost, brands);
Production plan(arrangement of the premises, communications, division into zones);
Technical base(equipment, manufacturers from whom it is profitable to purchase);
organizational plan(staff and work schedule, salary level);
Possible risks and how to deal with them. This paragraph implies a description of a “pessimistic” business development scenario. A pre-prepared strategy will help to cope with possible difficulties;
Financial plan(how much money is needed to open a business, calculation of potential profit, calculation of payback).

Step 4: Finding a room

Own premises for a store is a rarity, therefore, in planning, we focus on the rented area.

Common accommodation options: the first floor of a residential building or office building, space in a shopping center, a separate building. The last option is the most expensive and not always expedient.

The best place is on the "red line", that is, overlooking the road with a lot of traffic. Both in a residential area and in the city center, this is an ideal way to get "casual" buyers who just walked by. Below are the main conditions when choosing a location, or where it is best to open a store.

Availability. No confusing lanes on the way to the establishment, it should be easy to find and easy to see from afar. Huge pluses - the presence of nearby parking, advertising signs.

Positioning(customer orientation). There are different places for each type of goods. Small food outlets are popular in sleeping areas, souvenirs - in entertainment centers, luxury items are best sold in the city center, stationery - close to schools, universities, business centers.

Properly chosen space. The space must be used rationally so as not to overpay for extra square meters. But some businesses need a lot of space.

For example, a small boutique of gifts and souvenirs needs 20 sq. m., a clothing store with fitting rooms will need at least 40 sq. m. The area of retail space ranges from 20-100 square meters. m. depending on the selected type.

Adequate rent corresponding to the price level. For example, expensive space in shopping complex unprofitable for the commission. On average, the cost of rent is 8-11 $ per 1 sq. m. m. in sleeping areas and remote places, $ 15-20 per 1 sq. m. - in the center.

Important nuance- it is worth paying rent for six months or a year in advance (this will go into capital investments) in order to ensure the operation of the company in the first months, until trade begins to bring a lot of income. Otherwise, with a convulsive monthly search for money for rent, there is a risk of going broke.

Step 5: Arrangement and repair of the premises

It is necessary to rent an area, and begin the arrangement of the site before receiving most of the permits. Most instances in the package of documents require a lease agreement, and also check the readiness of the premises for work.

Store space requirements

Mandatory conditions for all trading floors:

Having an evacuation plan, fire alarms, fire extinguishers;
Availability of heating, electricity, air conditioning, plumbing(mandatory not for all types of sales, important for food);
When repairing in the process of finishing, painting, cladding, use moisture-resistant and easily washable materials. Floors must be even, without cracks and potholes;
Compliance with consumer rights. This includes control scales for grocery outlets, the availability of a book of complaints and a consumer corner (rules of implementation, contact details of the company, etc.);
The layout of the space should be simple for the buyer, not hindering movement in the hall.

Placement permit and when to get it

This certificate must be obtained prior to repair. This is a kind of expert assessment of Rospotrebnadzor on whether it is possible to start selling in the chosen place.

If the site does not fit in many ways, then the money for repairs will be wasted. Getting an expert assessment takes 2-3 weeks. When applying to a special law firm, the cost of registration will be $ 150-160.

On average, cosmetic repairs and decoration of a room with an area of 50-70 square meters. m cost in the amount of 1500-2000 dollars.

Step 6: Business registration

What documents are needed to open a store? First, formally register your business. The simplest option is an individual entrepreneur, it is faster, cheaper and less hassle with accounting.

But only an LLC with authorized capital not less than a million rubles.

How to open an IP for a store

Registration certificate legal entity must be obtained from the local tax office at the address of registration. It is worth deciding on the taxation system in advance (OSNO, STS, UTII).

Documents required for tax

Your passport(for foreign citizens- passport) and TIN. If you do not have an individual taxpayer number, it will be issued along with a certificate, it will take 4-5 days more;
Application form P21001 (For Russia). One of the important points of the application is the choice of OKVED codes. For each type of store, they may differ, but the general subsection for all: 47 - "Retail trade, except for motor vehicles and motorcycles." It is recommended to choose as many suitable codes as possible, so as not to fuss with “additional registration” later. Extra codes do not affect the activity in any way;
Receipt confirming payment of the state duty ($12);
Application for the transition to a simplified taxation system if it suits you. Otherwise, DOS is written by default.

The tax office issues a receipt on receipt of documents. In five days, the application will be considered, with a positive response, the entrepreneur receives a certificate of registration with the tax service and an extract from the USRIP (Unified State Register individual entrepreneurs).

Together with them, they issue a notice of the assignment of statistics codes from Rosstat, a certificate of registration of an entrepreneur in pension fund at the place of residence, certificate of registration in TFOMS. Otherwise, you will have to issue these certificates separately.

After that, you need to open a bank account and make a seal (up to $ 15). The presence of a seal for an individual entrepreneur is not necessary, usually a signature and the mark “B / P” (“without a seal”) are sufficient.

Step 7 : Selecting Suppliers

Main selection criteria:

Experience and reliability, reviews of other buyers;
Range. The most convenient supplier - from which you can buy the maximum of different products. Pay attention to recognizable products of famous brands, they are sold better;
Convenience of calculations. Various bonuses, discounts, deferrals. It is difficult for a beginner to find a supplier who will agree to provide products with deferred payment. However, it is worth trying to negotiate according to the 50/50 scheme, you pay for some of the goods immediately, and some after the sale.

You should look for suppliers on the Internet, newspapers and magazines, at industry exhibitions.

Step 8: Shop Equipment

Common items of equipment for all store types:

Racks, counters, showcases - about $ 700. Good manufacturers are Mago, Neka, Rus, Fabrik Art;
A simple reception for issuing purchases - $ 150-300. Showcase Plus, "Trade Equipment";
Cash register - $ 150-250. Orion, Mercury, Elwes-MK.

Total minimum investment equipment will be $1200.

important point- connecting the possibility of cashless payments (acquiring), this will increase the number of customers and reduce the risk of encountering scammers. You need to contact the selected bank, where they will form the conditions for cooperation for you (basically, the amount of bank commissions) and install a pos-terminal. On average, the commission is 1.9-4% of the transaction volume.

The lower the company's turnover, the higher the commission required by the bank. For cooperation, a certain deposit amount is required on the current account.

Step 9: Recruitment for the store

For a small grocery or flower shop, two sales assistants (the work schedule is “week after week”) and a cleaner are enough.

In a construction or clothing store, it is worth hiring a sales floor administrator (consultant), a cashier, and a cleaner. It is recommended to outsource bookkeeping to save money.

The most important person is the salesperson. In addition to the standard features good worker and sales skills, the employee must be in place. In other words, match the store. For example, underwear is sold beautiful women, and building materials - men and women of age, inspiring confidence with their experience.

The ideal way to stimulate the seller is a percentage of the proceeds. But if you put an employee completely on a percentage in a new place, you can lose him and provoke a large turnover of staff.

It is best to form a minimum salary (for example, $ 200-250) plus a percentage of monthly revenue. The cashier, the cleaner receive a fixed salary.

Step 10: Assortment formation

This includes the display of goods and the interior design of the store. Don't be too lazy to learn the basics of merchandising or hire a specialist to make the initial layout. Among general rules stand out:

The product must be placed conveniently for the visitor, in easily accessible places. Those products that need to be sold first are placed in the most prominent place;
Use price tags to promote sales. Highlight promotions and discounts in large letters and bright colors. For expensive products, place the price so that you have to look for it and turn the thing in your hands, evaluating all its advantages;
Divide things for convenience on categories and mark them with signs or stands;
Interior decoration and atmosphere should be motivated to buy certain things. Proper lighting, background music, pleasant smells - all this affects visitors.

Step 11: Security

Keep your company safe. The minimum set of security equipment is an alarm, a “panic button”, a video surveillance camera. Purchase and installation costs start from $200, maintenance costs start from $50 per month.

Step 12: Opening the Store

Turn your start into a promotional event with music, contests, giveaways, promotional brochures, discounts, and more. Then customers will want to come back to you.

Step 13: Risk Assessment

Before starting a business, you should evaluate all the risks and benefits. What do you need to know?

pros

Established point of sale - source stable income. The enterprise in good location and with a wide range of buyers will always be.
A trading enterprise, if necessary, is easy to sell as a ready-made business.
Enough simple system calculations.

Minuses

Large investments in business and high level of competition.
Remains of unsold products that have to be written off or sold at a markdown.
Seasonality of some types of trade.
The risk of losing up to 80% of investments in case of an unsuccessful turn of events.

Step 14: Advertising

Periodically arrange sales and promotions for clients. Discount cards for regular customers work well. For building materials, clothes, toys, distribution is suitable print advertising by mailboxes.

form special offer and colorful flyers. Printing 5,000 copies will cost about $100.

Which store is better to open

Consider the features and nuances of opening stores of various types. Based on the previous points, the minimum amount of expenses for business registration, repairs and equipment, rent and advertising is approximately 8 thousand dollars.

Clothing store

Area - from 50 sq. m.

Clothing store opening costs

Mannequins and busts, torsos (about 10-15 pieces) - about $ 500;
Mirror in full height to the trading floor - from $ 50;
2 fitting rooms with curtains + 2 mirrors - $ 200-250;
Hangers and racks for clothes - $300-400;
Electronic product protection system - $ 1400;
Barcode scanner - $100-150;
Barcode label printer - $400-600;
Purchase of things for six months in advance - 10-15 thousand dollars.

The total investment in the business will amount to 20-25 thousand dollars. Margin - from 50-400%.

Important nuances: a large assortment (at least 1000 units), the availability of popular sizes, the sale of related products and accessories (handbags, purses, hangers, jewelry, belts, etc.). Regularly hold sales and promotions (“third item as a gift”, “discount on a second purchase”, etc.).

lingerie store

Enough 15-25 square meters. m. The list of equipment differs from the previous type of outlet only in the type of mannequins. You will need special hangers-busts, "shoulders", "legs" for tights and socks, etc.

Demonstration of goods on mannequins and torsos works well. You need to invest at least $ 13,000 in the opening.

Good and popular lingerie brands: Incanto, Lormar, Milavitsa, Agent Provocateur, Victoria's Secret, Calzedonia, Passionata, Rosme. The best demand is observed for products of the middle price category.

It is necessary to form an assortment for women, men and children, so that visitors make purchases for the whole family.

Grocery store

Required area - from 30 sq. m. Additional equipment and costs:

2 Refrigerators – 1100 $;
Shelving for vegetable breakdowns (vegetable box) - $ 150;
Product racks- 600 dollars;
Printer for printing barcodes and labels - $ 400-600.

In total, together with the purchase of goods, capital costs will amount to 13-15 thousand dollars.

A grocery store needs a warehouse to store food. There are also special requirements for such firms.

To obtain a work permit from Rospotrebnadzor, you must fulfill the conditions SanPiN 2.3.5. 021-94— “Sanitary rules for enterprises food trade". All norms, GOSTs, etc. are written here.

Products must have price tags, weight indication, good term validity. Products with defects are sold separately, with mandatory notification of the defect. Must have weights.

Company employees must have sanitary books, work in uniform with a headdress, have a badge indicating the name and position.

Children's clothing store

Selling clothes for children will require the same opening costs as a regular clothing store. Mannequins need to be purchased for children.

The amount required for this is in the region of $17,000-20,000. It is important to determine the price category ( the best option- medium), and sort the products by age.

Commission shop

Area 50-60 square meters.

Features of this business

No need to look for suppliers, people hand over their things themselves;
The size of the company's commission for the sale of a used product is 20-50%;
There are no problems with unsold balances. Unsold items are taken back by the owner;
It is best to place a clothing commission in a densely populated residential area;
Unlike a clothing salon, many expensive mannequins are not required, a few torsos, busts, and hangers are enough.

To open on your own commission shop, you will need to spend approximately $ 9,000-10,000.

Auto parts store

The required size of the room is from 60 sq. m. From the equipment you will need counters, racks, a cash register. The amount of investments - from $ 12,000, taking into account the purchase of spare parts.

The secrets of the success of this business

It is better to specialize in one or two brands of cars, but to provide spare parts for the entire model range;
Sell accessories (mats, scented key rings, etc.);
Sellers must be well versed in the device of the car;
Select several suppliers for each product group so as not to keep customers waiting. By cooperating with official dealers, you will increase the credibility of the company and will be able to officially use the brand logo in your advertising;
Offer a home delivery service.

Flower shop

Area from 20 sq. m. V trading floor you need racks, a table for packing and composing compositions, racks and flowerpots for flowers, ideally - cooling chamber to maintain the desired temperature.

In addition to flowers, wrapping paper, baskets, gift ribbons, bows, transparent cellophane, mesh, felt, and adhesive tape are purchased as consumables. From small tools you will need scissors, wire cutters, a glue gun, floral knives.

Investments in equipment and the first purchase of cutting - from $ 12,000.

To begin with, it is worth working with local wholesalers; with good promotion, it is recommended to buy flowers from the capital and foreign suppliers.

Important nuances to consider

Organize the sale of flowers and ready-made bouquets and compositions by the piece;
Flowers should always be fresh, so you need to learn how to correctly assess the volume of purchases;
Diversify the assortment with gift cards and soft toys;
Having created a thematic website, an entrepreneur can start decorating holiday celebrations to order.

Draft beer shop

Required space - from 70 sq. m.

Necessary equipment

Racks with taps and beer barrels;
Coolers and defoamers;
Snack stands.

A complete set will cost about $2,000. About two thousand more will be needed for the purchase of 10-15 types of beer, 100 liters each. In total, the opening will take about $ 13,000.

Sales organization secrets: you need an assortment of 10-15 varieties of a drink and the availability of snacks in packages and by weight (crackers, chips, fish, etc.)

Hardware store

Area - from 60-70 square meters. m. In addition to standard equipment and counters with racks, demonstration stands are needed.

Necessarily warehouse space, services of packing and delivery of purchases. Capital investments in the enterprise will amount to 16-20 thousand dollars.

Most wanted products: Decoration Materials, tools, paint and varnish products, plumbing. Best to place outlet in the city center, near major roads and intersections, markets, shopping centers. Margin on products - 25-40%.

01But I

Hello! Today we will talk about how to open your own business and how to become an entrepreneur. As a rule, this is what people who strive for independence want. Creation own business provides a number of advantages, especially when compared with conventional work for hire. But to start, you need to carefully weigh everything, evaluate your capabilities and think through the details as much as possible.

Let's analyze how you can start a business if the capital is minimal, or how to start a business without initial capital:

If you have knowledge, experience in any field of activity, you can use them as a platform to launch your project;
You need to understand that running your own business is hard work. Doing nothing and getting millions will not work;
To establish the whole process, they will have to deal with 24 hours a day.

Let's compare a business without start-up capital investments and with start-up investments. For clarity, we present in the form of a table:

Criterion	Business without capital investments	Business with capital investment
1.Costs Money at project start	Missing
2.Costs monthly	Missing	Present in significant numbers
3. The complexity of the organization	low	Medium, high level
4. The presence of competition	High level	High level
5. Payback	With first income	Takes a long time
6. Level of demand	High	High

From the table, the level of potential risk is also clear: if there was no investment of funds, the maximum that you can lose this time and effort. With significant financial investments, the risks are high: you can lose not only your capital, but also other people's funds.

How to get funds for business development

Invest in your savings. By the way, it is considered the safest and most reliable option;
Getting a loan from a bank. This is real if there is something to pledge to the bank. Without this condition, credit will be denied. A loan can be taken for indefinite purposes and for business development. A deposit is required in both cases;
Borrow from friends or family. If you are sure of success and the amount required is small, why not. If the case does not live up to expectations, there will be nothing to repay the debt, relations with loved ones will definitely deteriorate. Based on this, it is easier to get a loan;
Find an investor. This may be one person who is interested in your project or organization as a whole;
Find a partner who will invest his money in the development of the business;
Start low (release of one unit of goods or provision of services to only one customer);
Design state subsidy (more about this will be discussed below);
Raise money through crowdfunding. This is a collection of money from the population in any amount. For example, a fundraiser is announced for the release of a new album for a famous vocal group. Anyone can make an investment.

All the above tips will allow you to get the right amount of money in affordable, and most importantly, legal ways.

Where to start your business

A person who decides to start his own business evokes ambivalent feelings: someone considers him desperate and insane, while someone admires his courage and determination.

There are a lot of sources in which you can get information on starting your own business (take, for example, our site How to make money.ru), you just need to use them correctly in order to get the maximum practical benefit.

Let's take a closer look at the steps that need to be taken to become a successful entrepreneur.

Step 1. Developing a business idea

Any business begins with the fact that someone had an idea to do it. The main thing - . Entrepreneurs with experience say that in order to formulate an idea, they write 10 options that appeared in their heads on a regular piece of paper. Then they describe the advantages and disadvantages of each option.

But you can just go to the section and find an idea for yourself.

Step 2. Selecting a market segment

Choosing the right niche in the market is very important for a budding entrepreneur. In the initial stages of business development, you should not choose services or products that are not widely known. But you need to prepare for a big competition. Therefore, a thorough analysis of the market will not interfere in order to choose your place in it.

Step 3. Business plan

The presence of a carefully thought out and formulated one allows you to evaluate your capabilities, as well as analyze what can be obtained in the near future and what is in the long term.

The main points of the business plan

Description of the main activity;
Planned result;
Probability of losing money;
Economic analysis;
Stages of business development;
The time allotted for each stage;
Calculation of one-time and periodic costs;
Planned end result (what is planned to be done when the result is achieved).

Step 4. Business registration

When the decision on activity is made, the business plan is drawn up, you need to go through the procedure or (companies with limited liability). a little bit more laborious process than opening an IP.

Package required documents includes:

The original or photocopy of the passport in good quality;
Original or photocopy of TIN;
Document on registration with the tax authority;
Choice Statement.

You can go through the procedure in person or contact specialists who deal with similar issues.

Also, to conduct activities, you may need.

IP is the most famous this moment a form of entrepreneurial activity. This is mainly due to the ease of registration, which is available to any citizen.

Opening an individual entrepreneur has its advantages and disadvantages, this is normal and is present in any business.

Positive aspects of opening an IP:

Simple registration procedure;
All activity is under the control of the entrepreneur, he decides when to stop it;
It is not necessary to involve an accountant to keep records;
All profits are the property of the entrepreneur, he has the right to dispose of it as he wishes. The main thing is to pay taxes on time.

IP Disadvantages:

In the event of debts arising from obligations, the entrepreneur is liable with all his property. This must be remembered at the stage of organizing a business. If you plan to develop your business in the trading area, in case of default on credit obligations, compulsory forms of debt repayment may be applied;
Regular inspections by regulatory authorities (tax office, etc.);
Lack of profit (it is impossible to predict whether the activity will bring good profit);
The duty of the entrepreneur is regular contributions to the Pension Fund;
A sole trader cannot sell a business;
Biased attitude towards the form itself: many businessmen refuse to cooperate with individual entrepreneurs simply because they consider this form of activity to be frivolous. It is clear that this is a delusion, but it has a place to be;
Often there are situations when individual entrepreneurs are not allowed to participate in the tender;
carried out in accordance with the rules applicable to.

An analysis of the above pros and cons will allow a novice entrepreneur to take a more responsible approach to choosing a registration form, this will save time, nerves and money.

Step 5. Selection of equipment and premises

In order to choose the right premises, we have prepared a number of articles for you:

Once you have decided on where to do business, the next step is to acquire necessary equipment. Costs will directly depend on the chosen area. For example:

If you open a retail outlet, you need equipment for trade (refrigeration, scales, etc.);
If you plan your own production, you need a whole line of equipment;
If the business is conducted on the Internet, everything is easier. But when you need a warehouse to store goods.

Step 6. Advertising and business promotion issues

These issues require serious attention and investment. Attracting as many customers as possible is the main task of any business. To expand the client base, you need competent advertising.

An online business also requires website development and optimization to keep the business going.

Promotion plays a big role. In order for a client to tell his surroundings about you, he must be pleasantly surprised, give him more than he expected to receive. For example, a discount on a product or service, a small gift.

It was mentioned above state support for start-up entrepreneurs. Further on how to get it and how to use it correctly.

Governmental support

In our country, there are several types of state support for entrepreneurship. Namely:

Allocation of subsidies;
Holding exhibitions and fairs;
Free consultation on various issues;
Assistance in renting a site or premises for the enterprise.

Let's briefly describe each option.

Allocation of subsidies- the most relevant type of state aid. Two types of subsidies are issued: those who have just planned to start their own business, and those who want to modernize production, develop an existing business at a new level.

In the first case, you have to prove that your business will bring tangible benefits to the region, that all risks have been calculated. In the second case, already established entrepreneurs receive reimbursement of part of the expenses incurred (for paying loans, leasing payments, etc.).

In any case, not only the prospects of the chosen direction are taken into account, but also the priority for the entire region. Priority are: Agriculture, medicine, education, new technologies, cultural sphere.

Assistance in renting a plot or premises for an enterprise is not free, but it is more profitable financially than renting from private individuals. Discounts are available to help you save money.

Holding exhibitions and fairs- provision of free retail space to start-up entrepreneurs. Allows you to reduce advertising costs, exchange experiences, establish business contacts.

Free consultations– assistance in solving specific issues that every novice entrepreneur will face sooner or later. You can ask questions to lawyers, economists, specialists in labor and employment.

Note to the entrepreneur: The state provides support on the basis of strict accountability for each amount spent.

How to become a successful entrepreneur

It is unlikely that anyone will accurately answer this question. Successful businessmen become, putting a lot of effort, working almost around the clock, earning invaluable experience and knowledge. Everyone goes their own way to success.

Everyone makes mistakes, but they are part of the journey. The main thing is to work on preventing them constantly.

Typical mistakes of novice entrepreneurs

Starting a business just because you think your idea is brilliant. Your idea should be evaluated by potential buyers and clients, not by yourself;
Starting a business without market analysis. Why it is needed has already been considered earlier;
Start without knowledge in the planned area of business. A good example: to open a workshop for the production of parts for machine tools, without knowing anything about the machines;
Expect millions in earnings in the first months after opening (business requires patience and time);
Do everything yourself: it is simply unrealistic to cope with all the tasks alone. If you plan to be in business for a long time, you will have to hire employees. Good staff It's not a big expense, it's an investment!
Starting a business without a clear business plan. To put it mildly, the idea is bad. You yourself will not have a complete picture of your activities and what goals you set;
Wrong prioritization. The top priority is customers. They will be, the whole process will be adjusted;
Lack of desire to learn and improve. Learn constantly, learn new things, broaden your horizons;
There is no general interest in the area in which it is planned to conduct business. To put it simply: don't open a hockey school if you don't like hockey;
Healthy perseverance is missing. Many companies have collapsed only because management refused to deal with the flood of problems.

Business is a struggle, often with yourself and your shortcomings.

Ideas for starting your own business

This is not a complete list of business ideas that a novice entrepreneur can do. There are many of them. Find your idea and implement it.

Personal qualities of a successful entrepreneur

We figured out the question of how to become an entrepreneur. The idea for creating a business from scratch has already been chosen, a perfect business plan has been drawn up in all respects, but in addition to all this, you need to have something else important. Namely, certain personal qualities. What, we will find out now.

Decisive character. Be prepared to take on the role of a leader who can take responsibility for your words and actions. It is important to learn how to make difficult decisions, listen to the opinions and advice of others, but leave the final decision to yourself;
The ability to come up with something new and think outside the box. A share of adventurism is needed, but within reasonable limits. At the same time, do not forget that courage and recklessness are different things;
Love for the chosen work. If your eyes do not burn, you will not attract other people with your ideas;
Responsiveness and ability to act in difficult situations. It will always come in handy, especially in business. It is impossible to predict everything, but if necessary, improvisation can help out;
Do not lie. No need to deceive yourself, employees, customers. Do not set unrealistic deadlines, do not try to sell what is not;
Don't do things halfway. But allocate your time wisely;
Ability to be flexible. It is not necessary to strictly adhere to the initial plan if the actual situation does not correspond to this. Flexibility is valued more than excessive stubbornness and the desire to be right in everything;
Intuition. There are times when it helps out better than logical reasoning;
Tendency to introspection. It allows you to avoid many mistakes, correct old ones and not make new ones.

The above list could be continued. Being engaged in the development of these qualities, you can improve not only your life, but also significantly advance your business. Over time, you will mark the most important for yourself and engage in their enhanced development.

Personal qualities are largely responsible for the success of the whole business. Studies have shown that the main driving force for many - the need to realize themselves in their favorite business. Active life position should become common feature those who strive for success in any field.

In general, you need to be able to combine personal qualities with business, to benefit from both. Since any entrepreneurial activity is fraught with risks, you need to be firmly confident in the correctness of your actions and future success.

To achieve success in your business, you need to correctly combine the acquired experience with natural inclinations. This will allow you to quickly move towards the intended goal and achieve it in a reasonable time.

Training for those who want to start their own business

The main tasks of the holding:

Teach business communication skills
Develop the ability to resist competitors;
To acquaint those who want to start their own business with the peculiarities of applying economic and legal norms;
Present various methods for solving problems that arise in the process of work.

It is often proposed to analyze the realities of the market in a playful way. Everyone can attend such events, regardless of whether you are running your own business or just planning to open it.

Training courses often allow not only to get necessary knowledge, but also to gain self-confidence, which is so often lacking. In many ways, thanks to them, you can avoid a lot of gross mistakes in doing your business.

Concerning financial issue It is not always necessary to pay for attending trainings. Often free classes are held or the organizers provide bonuses and discounts for visiting.

Conclusion

Now you know how to start your own business! And at the end of the article I would like to say: if you want to become a successful entrepreneur, change your worldview, surround yourself with people who have achieved success in business.

Act, but do not follow completely and completely someone else's recipes for success. Only through work on yourself, on your mistakes, you can achieve the desired result. Remember, as folk wisdom says: "Water does not flow under a lying stone."

Nobody is born an entrepreneur. They become, sometimes by trial and error. If the thought of starting your own business is bothering you, put aside your doubts and move forward! And we will help you in every possible way on the pages of our site!

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