Business plan for the production of cinder blocks. General information about the cinder block business Start your own cinder block business

A large number of building materials for the construction of walls, partitions and cladding are on the market. Each has its own advantages and disadvantages. But the most popular are those that, at a low price, are highly durable.

The cinder block just fits into this category. The production of this building stone is very promising business idea. The article presents detailed business plan for the production of cinder blocks. We describe the features of the case, clarify approximate dates reaching the breakeven point.

What are cinder blocks: a brief description, composition

Cinder block is a building stone made from various materials by vibrocompression. In fact, it is an artificial stone. The production technology was developed back in the 19th century - then the filler was slag: waste obtained from incineration hard coal. Hence the name of the building material.

Now other materials are used as a filler:

  • granite screenings;
  • broken brick, concrete, cement;
  • small gravel, crushed stone, sand;
  • sawdust.

The composition affects the characteristics of the cinder block. Sawdust makes the material more environmentally friendly; sand and gravel - heavier, more monolithic. The effect of each filler can be studied separately. When choosing a cinder block in terms of composition, it is important to build on specific goals - decide whether you will use the blocks for the construction of residential or outbuildings.

The filler is mixed with water, knitted with cement. After the mixture is sent for molding and compaction in a vibrating machine.

Application and types of cinder blocks

Now this building material is more often used in the construction of non-residential buildings: garages, sheds, swimming pools, outbuildings, fences. This is due to the characteristics of the cinder block.

There are several types of material:

  • Full-bodied, wall. These are durable blocks that are used to create the structure of a building, load-bearing walls.
  • Full-bodied, fundamental. Used for laying foundations. Durable, characterized by increased strength, do not shrink, the material does not crumble.
  • Hollow. They have internal voids. Cheaper but less durable. Needed for interior walls and partitions.
  • Facing. They have a decorative coating, texture on one side. They are used for finishing walls and fences on the front side.

The main characteristics of cinder blocks

One of the main parameters of cinder block stone is the strength grade. The value of the parameter is in the range from 35 to 125. It indicates the maximum weight (in kg) that the material can bear per 1 sq. cm (35-125 kg).

  • Cinder block brand M35 is the most fragile, used for insulation.
  • M50, M75 are needed for the installation of partitions, internal walls.
  • M100, M125 are considered the most durable, they are used when laying the foundation, load-bearing walls. Accordingly, the larger the number in the brand of cinder block, the greater the load it can withstand.

Frost resistance is estimated in cycles: 15-50. The higher the value, the better the stone can withstand low temperatures. In central Russia, a cinder block is used for 35, in the northern regions of the country - for 50.

The thermal conductivity coefficient of slag concrete is 0.27-0.65 W/m*K.

Market situation

Since the late 2000s, the housing market in Russia has grown steadily. Both the number of construction companies and the solvency of citizens increased. In 2007-2014 volumes of individual residential construction increased from 26 million sq. m to 36 million sq. m.

Since 2014, due to the growth of political and macroeconomic instability in the world and Russia, the actual figure has fallen. Now construction is being restored, and by 2020 it is projected to grow to 40 million square meters. m.

The current situation in the economy (decrease in the real level of income of Russians) gives certain advantages to the producers of cinder blocks. People continue to look for cheaper methods of construction, and this building material fully meets their needs. A “window of opportunity” opens up for a business on cinder blocks - there is an excellent chance to gain a foothold in the market.

The main costs of starting production

The opening of a small cinder block production does not require serious capital investments. To work, you need manual equipment of small productivity.

Table 1. Basic Costs for Starting a Cinder Block Production Business.

The rates here and below are determined based on a study of the offer on the Internet, the cost of renting premises and the amount average salary in the regions of Russia.

Registration

You can register a business as an individual entrepreneur or LLC. When choosing an OPF, you need to build on the volume of production and on the available distribution channels. Keep in mind that large retail chains prefer to cooperate with legal entities.

This cinder block business plan involves opening a small production workshop at home, so an individual entrepreneur will be the best form of doing business. Registration in this case is faster, requires less money and effort to collect documents.

When choosing a taxation system, it is best to take the "simplified". When registering a new construction business, the documents must indicate the OKVED code 23.69.

Certification

According to Russian legislation, cinder blocks do not have to be certified according to the requirements of GOST. But it is strongly recommended to do this, because a product with a certificate of conformity will sell better. In addition, some stores, when accepting goods for sale, one of the prerequisites is the availability of documentation confirming the quality of building materials.

You can get a voluntary GOST certificate. It also has a good effect on sales of EZ - the expert opinion of Rospotrebnadzor, which is realistic to receive after checking the products by state experts. EZ guarantees the safety of products, their compliance with hygienic and sanitary standards.

Production room

For the manufacture of artificial building stone, a room with an area of ​​\u200b\u200bat least 40 square meters is required. m. It should be divided into a production workshop, warehouses and a room for drying finished products.

In summer it is possible to manufacture and store products outdoors under an awning.

The space requirements are as follows:

  • flat floor;
  • protection from precipitation (serviceable roof);
  • connection to the water supply;
  • bright lighting;
  • excellent ventilation system;
  • heating system (for operation in the cold season).

There are no other requirements. This means that an entrepreneur can organize the production of cinder blocks even in a garage or similar room - subject to its arrangement. Also, there are no requirements for the remoteness of the workshop from the residential area.

Equipment

The manufacture of cinder blocks within a small business at home involves the use of small equipment - a manually operated vibrating machine. In this way, it will be possible to minimize initial costs and quickly create inventory for further implementation.

Table 2. Equipment costs for the workshop.

Work will be carried out in 1 shift. With an increase in sales volumes, a second shift can also be opened.

Employees

2 people should work in the production workshop. Skilled workers are not needed to maintain the process. Employees need to be trained to operate the equipment. People play the role of maintenance personnel, since most of the work is done by equipment.

You also need a sales representative (driver), whose tasks are to look for customers, conclude contracts with them and sell cinder blocks, organize delivery.

The role of senior manager can be performed by the entrepreneur himself - this will reduce fixed costs and will allow you to monitor the quality of work of staff. In the future, when control by the businessman is no longer required, authority can be delegated to another employee.

Brief description of the production of cinder blocks

Producing building materials is quite simple:

  1. Components (filler, water, cement) must be mixed in a concrete mixer. Plasticizers can be added here - additives that can improve water resistance, frost resistance, increase the strength of the finished material, and reduce the number of cracks.
  2. The prepared solution is transported and loaded into a vibropress - in appropriate forms with or without partitions. Here the main work takes place: the machine processes the forms with the help of pressure (pressure with a punch) and vibration. The process takes about 90 seconds.
  3. Finished blocks are put forward from the vibropress. Next comes the process of their hardening. With plasticizers, they can be ready in 8-10 hours, without them - about 36 hours.
  4. Blocks are stored, their final drying takes place. Products will be fully ready for sale in about 30 days.

Sales

It is worth thinking about the channels for the sale of products at the planning stage. It is necessary to evaluate the existing construction sites in the region. Cinder blocks are most in demand as a building material for outbuildings where good heating is not required. These are complexes for processing, storage of grain, agricultural crops, production and warehouses, parking lots, sheds.

The blocks will be in demand from private developers. Accordingly, it is necessary to use all the possibilities of regional advertising:

  • advertisements in newspapers, on local TV channels;
  • posting leaflets near the places where construction works, and in the private sector;
  • handing out leaflets near building supermarkets.

You can also negotiate sales with small construction shops. It is useful to spread information about cinder blocks through friends and acquaintances.

economic calculation

With a well-thought-out marketing organization, a cinder block business can quickly pay for itself.

The productivity of the mini shop is 450 blocks per shift. With 26 shifts per month, it is possible to produce 11.7 thousand cinder blocks of a standard size 400x200x200 mm, grade M50 (solid).

The minimum cost of such a block is approximately 25 rubles. When selling all manufactured products, the monthly revenue will amount to 292.5 thousand rubles, however, we will take into account that at first cinder blocks will go for 150 thousand rubles. monthly (about 50% of total production).

Initial costs will amount to 255 thousand rubles. So the production of cinder blocks as a business will pay for itself in about 1.7 months. The payback period can be extended up to 1 quarter (3 months) due to expenses not taken into account in the business plan.

Advantages and disadvantages of building materials

Cinder blocks as a building material have pros and cons:

Advantages:

  • strength and durability - a cinder block house can stand for a century;
  • frost resistance;
  • good soundproofing properties;
  • light weight - the pressure on the foundation is minimal;
  • you can build houses quickly - 1 block replaces up to 6 bricks.

Flaws:

  • Need thermal insulation. The cinder block does not retain heat well and is not able to protect it from the cold in winter. The way out is additional insulation (for example, mineral wool, polystyrene foam).
  • Waterproofing required. Cinder block is a hygroscopic building material, therefore it should be protected from moisture, otherwise it will quickly become unusable.

Cinder blocks are in demand in Russia - especially in the construction of utility, non-residential buildings. This is an inexpensive building material from which you can quickly create a durable building. Calculations show that the business is profitable and pays for itself literally in a quarter.

Our business plan for the manufacture of cinder blocks will help anyone who wants to understand the topic and organize a profitable business at home or in the garage. With a responsible approach, you can eventually expand to a small plant.

Lately on construction market there are more and more new materials and technologies for the construction of buildings. And, it should be noted modern consumer mainly makes a choice in favor of affordability and ease of installation. And block products just do meet these requirements.

It turns out that the cinder block and foam block production business is very profitable, since there will always be demand for these products. Therefore, within the framework of this article, we decided to introduce you to this low-cost, but reliable and profitable source of income.

Note! On hand here is the fact that the above building materials do not need mandatory certification (just like the equipment for their manufacture).

Cinder block - basics of production and cost calculation

Exploring the construction market, you probably noticed that over the past 5 years, the cinder block has gained wild popularity. Garages, dachas, workshops, estates, workshops, and large industrial and residential buildings are built from it. This is due to the positive properties of this material - affordable price, easy laying process due to the size and weight of the blocks, good heat and sound insulation, durability.

However, we will not describe in detail the advantages of a cinder block, but will proceed directly to our main question: how to make cinder blocks with our own hands, and is this a profitable occupation?

What is required for the manufacture

  • Vibrating machine;
  • raw material;
  • Technology;
  • Relatively flat ground
  • Household electrical network at 220 V.

Let's look at each item in more detail:

  1. Do-it-yourself vibratory machines for the manufacture of cinder blocks come in a variety of designs, but in small-scale production, the small-sized, manual, electric apparatus M330 has proven itself most confidently. No wonder people called him "builder's dream".

  1. The production technology and composition of cinder blocks suggest the presence of the following raw materials:
  • Cement brand 400. You can use another, but in this case you need to carefully select the proportions.
  • Filler. This component can be: slag, sand, sawdust, crushed stone, expanded clay, brick scrap, etc. natural and industrial materials.
  • Water.
  • Plasticizing additive(desirable, but not required). It provides fast hardening of blocks, improves their quality, improves frost resistance and water resistance of products.
  1. Manufacturing technology is divided into three stages:
  • Concrete preparation. That is, a concrete solution is prepared: all the necessary components are poured and mixed in the required proportions. For convenient and faster mixing of the components, you can purchase a concrete mixer.
  • Block production. The finished solution is poured into the vibrating machine, then the vibrator is turned on for a couple of seconds - the concrete settles, and the worker, using a trowel, levels its surface. Next, you need to install the clamp and lightly press on it, turning on the vibrator. The vibration time depends on the type of block being manufactured. It remains only to raise the machine without turning off the vibration - the finished block will remain on the site.

  • Drying and storage of products. It takes about two days to dry the cinder blocks, only then they can be removed from the production site and stored.

Attention! The instruction for plasticizing additives (UPD) states that when they are added, finished cinder blocks can be stored after 6 hours.

Advice! It is useful to set the date and time of manufacture of the last block on such pyramids. This will definitely come in handy when selling products.

  1. As for the production site, the main conditions are that it should have the most even floor, good ventilation and heating in the cold season.

The cost of cinder block and production in general

So let's count starting investments for the manufacture of this building material by hand. The cost of the necessary equipment:

  1. Vibrating machine M330 - 12 thousand rubles;
  2. Concrete mixer - 22.5 thousand rubles;
  3. Additional equipment - 900 rubles;

In total, it turned out 35.4 thousand rubles.

The retail price of one block today is 24 rubles, and the cost of one block is 7.25 rubles. It turns out that the profit from the sale of one product is 16.75 rubles. If you produce 400 pieces per day, then the daily profit will be 6.7 thousand. Production will pay off somewhere in six months (electricity costs are taken into account). Enough profitable business, agree?

Important! The cost of a cinder block can be either lower or higher than the specified figure. It all depends on the components used, the accuracy of their dosing and the quality of the technological process.

Related articles:

Foam block - calculation of the cost of production

Foam concrete blocks are also lightweight and affordable building materials. Of course, their cost is slightly higher than the cost of cinder blocks, but this does not make them less popular. Foam blocks have a lot of advantages: from ease of installation and environmental friendliness, to water resistance and excellent thermal insulation.

Due to the properties of this material, there is always a demand for it both from construction companies and individuals, because the cost of building a house from foam blocks is quite low.

But we are not talking about the construction of houses, but specifically about the production of foam blocks. Another, so to speak, small business idea. Its opening will require no more than 300 thousand rubles.

What is included in this amount? Let's see.

  • Components - cement, sand, foaming agent and water.
  • Either a bar setting or a foam generator. What is the difference? In the first case, the manufacturing technology is cheaper and simpler due to the low cost of equipment. However, product quality is also lame - the strength and environmental friendliness of foam blocks suffer significantly due to inaccurate dosage of components and the use of synthetic foam concentrates.

The foam generator also allows you to knead all the ingredients in the correct proportions, which positively affects the strength and environmental friendliness of products. But the cost of the foam block increases due to the high cost of equipment and high-quality components.

  • Either metal cassette molds, or a cutting complex for forming blocks. The first device, again, is the simplest and cheapest. The concrete mixture is simply poured into various forms and remains there until it dries completely. Then already finished goods pulled out of these molds and stored.

What are the disadvantages of this method? Divergence of blocks in geometry, the likelihood of chips during their extraction from molds, the need to buy different forms so that a large number of foam blocks of various sizes can be produced.

But the cutting complex allows you to produce many blocks of any size at once, with excellent geometry and no damage to the surface of the products. The whole essence of molding comes down to the fact that concrete is poured into a large mold. Then one large block is cut into foam blocks of the required size by adjusting the pitch of the saw strings. Very convenient, although such a device is quite expensive.

In general, there are several business options for the manufacture of foam blocks. We will focus on the simplest of them, using a bar setting and forms.

In this case, the cost of foam block production, as mentioned earlier, will not exceed 300 thousand rubles. And since the foam block is a sought-after material in the construction market, all costs will pay off in 3-4 months.

Conclusion

A simple technology for the production of block building materials, based on the use of inexpensive domestic equipment and local raw materials, as well as a high demand for cinder blocks and foam blocks, make such a business very profitable and economically profitable. And in the presented video in this article you will find Additional information on this topic.

Good luck and prosperity to your ideas!

In this material:

Cinder block is a popular building material in the CIS countries, which is associated with its low cost and excellent performance, such as strength, low thermal conductivity and durability. It is made from cheap raw materials - slag and cement, as a result of which it is a profitable solution for entrepreneurial activity. The business plan for the production of cinder blocks contains important organizational issues, also worked out in it financial questions and other important nuances related to the organization of business.

Business features, advantages and disadvantages

The manufacturing process of cinder blocks is simple, which allows you to organize production in small businesses and even at home. slag concrete , from which the blocks are made, belongs to the category of lightweight concrete. To obtain it, cement, sand, as well as slag, ash or waste from metallurgical enterprises are used. Therefore, this business is most profitable in areas where there are metallurgical plants nearby.

The main advantages of production include the following:

  • high demand due to the low cost of the material;
  • low cost of raw materials;
  • simplicity of technology;
  • low cost of equipment;
  • the possibility of organizing production in "artisanal conditions";
  • in the manufacture it is easy to achieve quality stability, in contrast to the production of foam blocks;
  • opportunity to compete with large manufacturers.

There are also negative sides:

  • the cinder block has developed an attitude as a second-rate material, so it is more often used for outbuildings, garages or budget construction, such as country houses;
  • it is necessary to prepare a warehouse of impressive size for drying and storing finished products, especially if production volumes are large;
  • low level of environmental friendliness, since the composition of the slag contains acid and sulfur;
  • in some regions there is serious competition.

Scopes of cinder blocks

The cinder block is used for the construction of the following types of buildings:

  • low-rise buildings - solid blocks are used;
  • frame structures - blocks with 40% voids are used, which have good thermal insulation properties;
  • garages - blocks with 30% voids or full-bodied are suitable;
  • outbuildings - the type of blocks is selected taking into account the characteristics of the building;
  • change houses and utility rooms - it is allowed to use any type of cinder blocks;
  • warehouses, etc. - solid blocks are used or with voids of 30%, depending on the size of the building.

In addition, cinder blocks are used in the construction of fences. Due to their low weight and good soundproofing qualities, they are suitable for the construction of interior partitions.

Attention! Cinder blocks with square holes have higher strength than analogues with cylindrical voids.

Production technology

The production process of cinder block includes several stages:

  1. The ingredients are mixed until smooth. To prepare the mixture, a conventional concrete mixer is used.
  2. The mixture is poured into molds that are placed on a vibrating table. The latter ensures the compaction of cinder concrete and thereby eliminates the formation of air pockets. The vibrating table works for 15-30 seconds.
  3. After dialing required strength(as a rule, after 1.5-2 days) the blocks are removed from the molds and stacked on pallets. To avoid cracking, the first few days they are sprayed with water. This measure is especially necessary if the temperature environment exceeds 20 degrees. After that, the blocks are covered with plastic wrap. The drying process takes four weeks.

Solution recipes

There is no universal recipe for making cinder blocks. For example, the volume of water depends largely on the moisture content of the slag and sand, and the amount of filler depends on its type. Therefore, the ideal composition is selected empirically. Nevertheless, there is an optimal recipe that you can build on when making cinder blocks:

  • blast furnace slag - 7 parts;
  • coarse quarry sand - 2 parts;
  • gravel - 2 parts;
  • Portland cement M400 - 1.5 parts;
  • plasticizer - about 5 grams per block;
  • water - 1.5-3 parts.

When using cement grade M500, its amount should be reduced by 15%. Instead of blast-furnace slag, coal combustion products, granite screenings, broken bricks and other similar materials can be used. The only thing to keep in mind is that blast-furnace slag has some advantages: high strength and low weight.

A plasticizer is, although not mandatory, but for a number of reasons an extremely desirable ingredient:

  • increases the fluidity of the solution, as a result of which it prevents the occurrence of defects and ensures the accuracy of the geometry;
  • increases frost resistance and moisture resistance of the material;
  • increases the setting speed, as a result of which it allows you to remove blocks from molds after 6-7 hours, and not after two days.

achieve best quality it is possible by slightly adjusting the recipe - the amount of water, cement and plasticizer. If you greatly reduce the amount of slag, you get a sand block. Its recipe is as follows:

  • cement - 1 part;
  • coarse sand - 3 parts;
  • slag - 5 parts;
  • water - 0.5 parts of the amount of cement.

organizational plan

The plan for organizing the production of cinder block includes several stages:

  • registration of production activities;
  • search for premises;
  • purchase or manufacture of equipment;
  • preparation of raw materials;
  • hiring workers.

Each of the stages has its own specifics, so they should be considered separately.

Registration of production activities

The production of cinder blocks, like any other type of activity, requires mandatory legal registration. In most cases, the optimal solution is IP as a substantive form of activity and one system taxation.

This type of activity does not require a license, so immediately after obtaining the status individual entrepreneur you can get to work.

Room selection

The room for the production of cinder block must have an area of ​​at least 50 square meters. For the production of products in large quantities, you will need a room with a size of at least 150-200 square meters. In addition, it must meet the following requirements:

  • sealed roof;
  • smooth concrete screed on the floor;
  • high-quality lighting;
  • effective ventilation;
  • the presence of a source of water supply;
  • availability of heating.

Near the room there should be enough space for storing raw materials - slag and sand. Moreover, it is desirable that the raw materials are kept under a canopy. In addition, it is necessary to have additional space or a separate room for drying and storing finished products. The main requirement for sweetness is the absence of dampness and the presence of heating.

Important! To connect a powerful industrial concrete mixer or vibrating machine, you will need a 380 V power supply.

Equipment

For the manufacture of cinder blocks, you need a fairly simple set of equipment:

  • vibrating sieve;
  • cinder block vibrating machine or vibrating table.

In addition, you will need forms that you can purchase or make yourself from wood or metal. The main requirements for them are ease of disassembly and assembly, as well as standard size cells - 390x190x188 mm.

Note! To replace the above equipment allows a special vibrating press "laying hen". Its cost is about 1,500,000 rubles, so it makes sense to purchase this equipment for the production of cinder blocks in large quantities.

Raw material preparation

To make a cinder block, you will need the following raw materials:

  • Cement M400.
  • Coarse sand.
  • plasticizer.
  • Blast furnace slag or other filler.

It is necessary to find regular suppliers of raw materials in advance in order to exclude the possibility of stopping production.

Hiring workers

Staffing depends on the size of the business. For the production of cinder block in small batches in semi-handicraft conditions, 2-3 people will be needed. If the production will work in two shifts, accordingly, up to 6 handymen will be required. Special knowledge workers are not required, the main thing is that they know how to handle the equipment - a concrete mixer and a vibrating table, and also carefully disassemble the forms.

If you are planning to set up large production, the following staff will be required:

  • Head of the production area.
  • Warehouse Manager.
  • Handymen - 4 people for one shift.

The size wages depends on the region in which you plan to open a business.

Marketing and product promotion

The most effective are the following methods of product promotion:

  • Ads in local newspapers and online sites like Avito or OLX.
  • Announcements in social networks.
  • Phone calls or personal visits to all nearby hardware stores.
  • Outdoor advertising in areas with heavy traffic.
  • Launching the company's website.

Financial part of the business plan

Consider the financial part of the business plan using the example of a small workshop, the opening of which requires a minimum of costs.

Investment in production

To start production, you will need the following investments:

  • IP registration - 5,000;
  • vibrating table - 25,000;
  • concrete mixer - 100,000;
  • forms - 20,000.

Total: 125,000 rubles. The vibrating table and molds can be replaced by a vibrating machine for the production of cinder block. The cost of a machine with a capacity of 100 pcs. per hour is 37,000 rubles.

Current expenses

The monthly production costs are:

  • room rent - 8,000;
  • raw materials - 180,000;
  • salary - 75,000;
  • electricity - 5,000;
  • marketing expenses - about 10,000;
  • other expenses - about 4,000.

Total: 282,000 rubles.

Advice! A failed batch of cinder blocks can be crushed and used as filler for a new mixture.

Income

The calculations are made taking into account the production of 15,000 cinder blocks per month. The cost of one block is about 30 rubles. As a result, income at such a production capacity is 452,000 rubles.

Profit calculation

Monthly expenses - 282,000 rubles, while the income is 452,000 rubles. Thus, net income two months after the opening of the workshop can amount to 170,000 rubles.

Business profitability and payback period

Business profitability - 170,000/420,000*100%=37.6%

The production of cinder block is very profitable, but provided that there is a metallurgical enterprise nearby that provides slag at a low price, or it is possible to profitably purchase other raw materials. In this case, you can pay back budget equipment after two months.

Since it is not always possible to immediately sell the entire batch of goods, the payback of the business takes 4-6 months. But keep in mind that during the winter months, sales are greatly reduced.

The cinder block production business has been quite profitable and in demand for many years. Moreover, its main advantage is the low cost of equipment and quick payback. However, much depends on competition in the region. With a large number of small and large enterprises for the production of cinder blocks, there may be problems with the sale of products.

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The building materials market in Russia is actively developing, which contributes to an increase in the share of cinder blocks production. More and more are being built in our country, which requires a huge amount of inexpensive, but high-quality materials for the construction of new buildings.

And it is cinder blocks that are especially in demand today in this market.

The reason for the popularity of cinder blocks lies in their versatility. They are used for the construction of mainly low-rise buildings - private houses and cottages, workshops, garages, utility blocks. The advantages of this material are increased heat and sound insulation, while the cost of a cinder block is much lower than for bricks, foam blocks and other building materials.

It is not difficult to open a business for the production of cinder blocks, since the technology for their manufacture is quite simple, and the raw materials are available and do not require significant costs. In the presence of an easy technical equipment, a suitable platform and funds for the purchase of a batch of raw materials, any novice entrepreneur can become the owner of his small but profitable enterprise.

How to fill cinder block

In order to open a business for the production of cinder block bricks, an entrepreneur, first of all, will need a good vibrating machine. For small workshops, small-sized electric machines of domestic production are often used. As initial components for the manufacture of cinder blocks, cement, water, a plasticizing additive, as well as a variety of fillers are used. It can be sawdust, sand, gypsum, crushed stone, expanded clay, ash or scrap bricks. The choice of filler depends on the requirements that apply to the manufactured cinder blocks, on the characteristics of the local climate, as well as the planned cost of production.

Another important point in the process of creating a business is the choice of a production site. The most expensive option is a closed room where you can work all year round. Required condition- the presence of a flat concrete floor. The room should have high-quality ventilation, and in the cold season it will be necessary to carry out heating. A more economical option is an open area, which requires preliminary preparation. In order for it to be even, it can be asphalted, concreted, or simply leveled the surface of the earth.

If you are thinking about the prospects for further development of your business, be sure to use a professional business plan for the production of cinder blocks. In some cases, it turns out that there is simply nowhere to expand production, and it is not always possible to realize this fact without the support of professionals. With the help of this document, you will not only be able to foresee possible risks, but will also deal with such complex issues as finding a market for products, fighting competitors and improving production technology.

Production of cinder blocks

Do-it-yourself cinder blocks machine for the production of cinder blocks

Cinder blocks are a very popular and sought-after building material.

Business plan for the production of cinder blocks with calculations

It is made by vibrocompression in the form of a concrete solution. With a small amount of construction, you may not even need a machine for the production of cinder blocks, although it will go much faster with it.

What are cinder blocks and what are they made of?

Such material as cinder blocks is made of concrete, to which ash, slag, coal combustion residues, or any other cheap and affordable material is added.

The production technology and composition of cinder blocks is widely known, and many private developers have used it to build their houses. The process of their manufacture consists of several stages:

1. Mixing a concrete mixture of cement, water and any slag suitable for the technology manually or using a mixer or a concrete mixer.

2. Pouring the resulting mixture into a special form for cinder blocks, which can be both with special void formers and without them.

3. Compaction of the poured mass in the mold under the influence of pressure and vibration.

4. Removing the mold from the cinder block to dry it.

As a rule, on simple vibropresses without clamping, the process takes from 60 to 90 seconds, but if you buy a machine for making cinder blocks with a force of several tons and clamping, then the vibrocompression time can be significantly reduced.

5. In order for blocks made of slag to gain strength and be able to be stored and transported, they need to be “aged” for two to four days at natural ambient temperature. For complete hardening of vibro-concrete stones, as cinder blocks are also called, a month is needed, while the ambient temperature should not be lower than +1 ° C and a high level of humidity should be constantly maintained. The higher the temperature external environment, the faster the strength gain of cinder blocks occurs.

Block making equipment

If you have a small construction on your own site, then there will be no questions about the equipment. Today, such a practice as equipment rental is quite common. For a moderate fee, you can rent both for a few hours and for more long term, the necessary devices, thanks to which productivity will be higher, and you will not have to spend your own physical strength, will remain: a concrete mixer, a vibrating machine and a vibrating sieve.

In the event that the construction volumes are large, it is easier to order a vibro-machine for the production of cinder blocks from the manufacturer or in a special store and purchase it. There are many designs of such devices, but for individual construction and small businesses, the best option would be models of small-sized cinder block vibrating machines, for example, the "Builder's Dream" M310 or such manual machines with lever lifting of forms as 1X or MARS.

More powerful and productive, but correspondingly more expensive, are machines with lever clamping and mold lifting, such as Comanche and Dragon. Unlike the M310, MARS and 1IKS, which have a capacity of 200-400 pieces, they can produce up to 600 blocks per day. All machines for the production of building blocks require electricity of 220 watts. The table shows specifications and prices of the most popular vibrators.

From the presented table it can be seen that for a private developer, the most suitable, both in terms of price and performance, will be the M310, 1IKS and MARS machines.

For those who want to organize the production of cinder blocks with their own hands, or are engaged in contract construction, Comanche and Dragon will be more profitable acquisitions. But before starting such own business, it is imperative to calculate the costs, analyze the needs of the region where it is planned to deploy activities, and, only on the basis of all this information, form own business plan for the production of cinder blocks.

Vibrating machine Dragon, despite the rather high price, has a number of undeniable advantages. First of all - reinforced, in comparison with Comanche, matrix, frame, clamp and wheels. Yes, and it is equipped with a vibrator more powerful - industrial IV-99.

Choosing the most suitable for your conditions and financial opportunities, you can order a vibro-machine for the production of cinder blocks both from the manufacturer and in stores. Of course, the manufacturer's price will be lower, but do not forget about the cost of delivery services.

Business plan "Production of cinder blocks"

According to the testimony of experts in the field of economics, one of the most promising areas commercial activities is the production of construction and finishing materials. The demand for these products is not decreasing, which is why starting your own business in the industry associated with the production of any type of building material is a promising and profitable business. So, the direction of activity is defined, it remains to decide only on the specific type of material produced, for example, you can choose the production of cinder blocks. This material is in constant demand as construction firms as well as private individuals.

The advantage of opening a mini-business for the manufacture of cinder blocks is explained by the fact that it is better to purchase this material in small businesses than in large factories.

Dignity same material are:

  • extensive scope (use in the construction of garages, workshops, utility blocks, cottages, houses, etc.);
  • good heat and noise insulation properties;
  • more low cost compared to other materials (brick or foam block);
  • no need to involve masons in the work.

In order to open own enterprise for the production of cinder blocks, a business plan should be drawn up with a calculation of all the required indicators for business case the feasibility of launching the project, as well as take into account in this project all the nuances of doing business in this area of ​​management.

room

A special place in the preparation of a business plan should be attributed to the choice of a suitable premises for future production. In this choice, there are several options:

  1. Covered room with a concrete floor, while the floor surface must be flat. To ensure the normal functioning of production, you should make sure that the ventilation and heating systems are in good condition in the room.

    Production of cinder blocks as a profitable own business

    It is better to rent such a room for the first time.

  2. Outdoor area, but also equipped with a flat floor. Such a floor can be earthen, asphalted or concreted.

The total area of ​​​​the premises to accommodate the entire production workshop should be at least 100 square meters. meters.

It is recommended to look for the location of the production workshop near cement plants, sand pits, etc. in order to reduce the cost of transporting raw materials to the place of its processing and production of finished cinder blocks.

In addition, it is desirable that the location of the production is at a close distance from the points of sale of finished products. All of these measures are aimed at reducing the cost of production and increasing the level of business income.

Raw materials and equipment

In any business plan (including for the production of cinder blocks), special importance is attached to the description of the equipment and the raw materials used.

The key installation in the equipment is the vibrating machine

The key installation in the equipment used is the vibrating machine; it can be involved in production in the form of various modifications.

Main raw materials used in the production of cinder blocks is:

  • water;
  • filler;
  • plasticizing additive;
  • cement.

Can be used as a filler various materials, the choice of a particular one depends on the financial capabilities of the businessman, as well as the requirements for the final product of manufacture. Most commonly used fillers are:

  1. sand;
  2. shavings;
  3. crushed stone;
  4. expanded clay;
  5. gypsum;
  6. screenings;
  7. sawdust;
  8. granulated slag;
  9. scrap brick;
  10. slag.

In the business plan itself, a detailed recipe for the production of cinder blocks must be provided, with the exact dosages of each type of raw material and additives used. A plasticizing additive must be used without fail, as it increases the strength, frost resistance and water resistance of finished cinder blocks.

Staff

3-4 workers are needed to service the production

In the business plan for opening the production of cinder blocks, issues related to recruitment should be consecrated. To service a mini-production, it is enough to attract 3-4 workers, while their experience of a similar kind is not at all necessary.

You should also decide in what mode the production workshop will operate, if it is planned to continuous work in 2 shifts (for the purpose of greater output and corresponding production profit), then workers should be hired in the amount of 4 people to work 2 people in each shift.

In order for production to function normally, recruited employees can be trained and explained all the responsibilities for ensuring production process right on the spot.

Marketing program

For the success of the whole business as a whole and to prevent the loss of the enterprise on initial stage work in the business plan should be clearly spelled out marketing program. It may include various tools, for example, setting a lower retail price for manufactured cinder blocks compared to similar products from other manufacturers at the initial stage of the enterprise. This will increase the competitiveness of your production and attract the attention of more potential buyers.

Finance

At the end of each business plan, a calculation is made financial indicators, reflecting the feasibility of launching a new project or lack thereof.

For example, if finished products will be sold at an average price of 1700 per 1 cu. meter, then the profit from the sale of this quantity of products will be 5000 - 6000 rubles daily. The result of such activities will be the payback period of the entire project, which will come in approximately 2-3 months.

Expenditure part financial indicators at the initial stage of project implementation include:

  1. rent of premises to accommodate production (outside the city) - 40,000 rubles per month;
  2. purchase of equipment - 1,800,000 rubles;
  3. purchase of primary raw materials - 100,000 rubles;
  4. staff salary - 80,000 rubles per month.

After calculating the income and expenditure parts of the business, it can be noted that the net profit on the business project will be about 555,000 rubles per month.

Download business plan for the production of cinder blocks for 350 rubles, from our partners, with a quality guarantee. In the public domain, on the Internet, it is not.
The content of the business plan:
1. Privacy
2. Resume
3. Stages of project implementation
4. Characteristics of the object
5. Marketing plan
6. Technical and economic data of the equipment
7. Financial plan
8. Risk assessment
9. Financial and economic justification of investments
10. Conclusions

Below is a video containing helpful tips start-up business related to the production of cinder blocks

Outcome

Despite the rather harsh competitive environment in this industry, the business associated with the production of cinder blocks may well become promising and profitable, and bring a stable profit. To do this, a competent business plan must be drawn up, which in the future must be implemented in compliance with all the nuances of doing business for this industry.

Readers interested in this topic can download a free sample of a business plan for the production of cinder blocks.

Currently, the building materials market is expanding, new types of building materials are emerging - better, more efficient and less expensive. This article will offer for consideration profitable business plan block production.

When organizing such a business, there should not be particularly difficult issues, since the production technology is quite simple, and finished products are not subject to mandatory certification, which significantly reduces investments and other difficulties associated with promoting products on the market.

Business plan: organization of the enterprise

The business plan includes the following items:

  • IP registration;
  • purchase of equipment;
  • purchase of components necessary for production;
  • production technology;
  • investment counting;
  • calculation of the company's profit.

In order not to break the law, when creating an enterprise, it is necessary to register as an individual entrepreneur with the tax service. This is a simple procedure. and it won't take much time or money.

First you need to decide on the place where the enterprise will be located.

There are no special requirements here, it can even be an open area with a canopy. But it will still be better if the production is located in a heated indoor area, especially for the northern regions, then the production will not depend on weather conditions.

What equipment is needed for the production of cinder blocks:

  • block forming machine (vibration machine);
  • concrete mixer;
  • construction wheelbarrow (for transporting the finished mixture to the vibrating machine);
  • shovels (for laying the mixture in a vibrating machine).

Necessary components for the manufacture of cinder blocks:

  • bagged cement;
  • filler;
  • water.

There are a wide variety of molding machines on the market. The average cost of such a machine is from 20,000 to 300,000 rubles. - depending on the performance and ease of operation.

The scheme of work with the molding machine is simple: the finished mixture is poured into molds and the machine is turned on for 30 seconds. The mixture is compacted, and the finished blocks are laid out on the surface prepared for them to dry.

The concrete mixer is intended for preparation of mix. It is better to choose a larger concrete mixer - the productivity of the enterprise will increase.

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Cinder blocks: components for production

For production, we need the following components: cement in bags, sand, filler - metallurgical slag or from coal combustion. Best of all, of course, expanded clay is suitable. Cement should be used brand M400, and better - M500, such cement can be added less by 10-15%.

Also, a special plasticizer can be added to the solution - it takes quite a bit, about 5 g per 1 block, but the finished blocks, due to the addition of a plasticizer, will become stronger, their wear resistance will increase and the drying time will be reduced.

There are several recipes for preparing the mixture:

  • 1 part cement, 3 parts sand and 5 parts slag and 0.5 parts water;
  • 1 part cement, 4 parts sand, 4 parts slag and 0.5 parts water;
  • 9 parts slag, 1 part cement and 0.5 parts water.

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Production technology

The production technology consists of 3 stages:

  • mixture preparation;
  • block making;
  • drying and storage of blocks.

The mixture is prepared according to a pre-selected recipe. The components are laid in a concrete mixer, water is poured there. The mixture should mix well and become homogeneous.

After mixing the mixture, it must be placed in the forms of the vibrating machine and the vibration turned on. The mixture should evenly fill the molds, as it shrinks, it is necessary to add new portions of the mixture until the molds are completely filled. After the concrete has set, the molds can be removed, leaving the finished blocks on the floor (or their bedding). Now you can lay a new portion of the mixture in the form. By doing the work in this way, you can get up to 900 blocks per shift.

Drying blocks must be given separate time: the first 24 hours the blocks dry as they were left after the machine. During drying, they must sometimes be moistened with water, like any concrete product. After a day, the blocks are turned on their side and dried for another 24 hours. After 2 days they can be stacked on pallets.

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Calculation of profits and expenses

To organize a business for the production of cinder blocks, you will have to make the following investments:

  • purchase of equipment;
  • purchase of components for production;
  • labor force pay.

Equipment cost calculation:

  • vibrating machine - 50,000 rubles;
  • concrete mixer - 50,000 rubles;
  • shovels (2 pcs.) - 1000 rubles

Calculation of the cost of components:

  • filler (expanded clay) - 1500 rubles / cu. m;
  • slag - from 200 rubles. for t;
  • sand - 300 rubles. for t;
  • cement (grade M400) - 250 rubles / bag.

 

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