What do you need to open your own IP? How to open an individual entrepreneur? Individual entrepreneur or LLC: which is better for small businesses

Roman Shirokiy

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Individual entrepreneurship is the activity of citizens aimed at generating income, the amount of which in most cases exceeds the level wages. It is not surprising that many people are interested in how to open an individual entrepreneur and what taxes to pay.

If you intend to organize a small business or small production, you will have to register an individual entrepreneur in order to work within the law. In the article I will consider the instructions for opening a private business, official registration, the taxation system in the field of individual entrepreneurship and will provide advice from lawyers.

Individual entrepreneur is an activity carried out by an entrepreneur independently. The basis for making a profit is the use own property, performance of work and sale of goods. Entrepreneurs have to work within the scope of laws that also apply to legal entities.

Have you decided to open your own business? Perfect. Read the article in which I will tell you what documents are required to register an individual entrepreneur, and in which government bodies will have to apply.

The main registration authority responsible for issuing permits for individual entrepreneurial activities is the territorial branch of the Federal Tax Service. There is a small exception. In particular, in Moscow you can open an individual entrepreneur by contacting the Interdistrict Inspectorate of the Federal Tax Service No. 46. According to current legislation, registration of an individual entrepreneur takes 5 days.

It will not be possible to register a business without a package of documents. What papers are submitted to the registration authority?

Application for registration of individual entrepreneurs. You can find a sample application at the registration authority or on the website nalog.ru.
Passport. If the package is submitted by the applicant, a copy will do. If the matter is handled by a trusted person, a copy of the passport will have to be notarized.
You will also need the original receipt, which indicates payment of the duty.
Additional documents. A power of attorney if the package is submitted by an authorized person, and a certificate of registration when this information is not clearly visible.

After submitting a package of documents, the applicant receives a receipt indicating that the registration authority has received the application. A date is set for when the results will be released. Complete the application carefully and correctly. If it makes mistakes, the authority will send them to the individual by mail. As a result, registration of individual entrepreneurs will be delayed.

Video advice from a professional lawyer

If all is well, on the day appointed by the registrar, the applicant must come to the specified place and receive:

A certificate confirming the registration of an individual entrepreneur.
Document on assignment of identification number.
Extract from the State Register of Entrepreneurs.

Let's consider the procedure in detail.

Step-by-step action plan

Not satisfied with the salary? Tired of working as an archaeologist or doctor for pennies? Do you want to realize your entrepreneurial ideas? It is not necessary to create Joint-Stock Company, individual entrepreneurship is suitable. For registration, a corresponding application is submitted to the tax authority.

Make sure you are not subject to any restrictions established by law for individual entrepreneurs. In particular, must be over 18 years of age. Legal capacity should not be limited in judicial procedure. Municipal and public services cannot be entrepreneurs.
Write an application for registration of an individual entrepreneur. You will find the form called P21001 at the registration authority or on the portal of the regional tax service. The application must be written by hand or on a computer.
In the application, indicate the type of planned activity. The information will become the basis for conducting activities permitted by law. Please note that certain activity falls under the appropriate taxation system.
Decide on the tax system. In most cases individual entrepreneurs choose a simplified taxation option. It is noteworthy that this stage is allowed to be completed after registration is completed. However, it is better to decide on the SN during the application process.
Contact your regional tax authority and receive details for paying state taxes. duties. You can pay it at Sberbank, and attach the receipt to the application. Include a copy of your passport and identification code. When submitting, do not forget to take your passport with you.
Submit the complete package to the tax authority representative. Within 5 days, department employees will prepare the documentation and issue a certificate and an extract from the register.
After receiving it, all you have to do is contact the Pension Fund, register and find out the amount of mandatory contributions. Once the process is complete, you can open a bank account and start your business.

The procedure for registering an individual entrepreneur may seem complicated. However, in reality the opposite is true. If there are no problems with the law, in less than a week you will realize your dream of becoming a businessman.

Video review about opening an individual entrepreneur

How to open an individual entrepreneur for a foreign citizen in Russia

Recently, a friend from Kazakhstan asked me how to open an individual entrepreneur for a foreign citizen in Russia. I will describe in detail the procedure for registering foreigners as individual entrepreneurs in the territory of Russian Federation. To begin with, I note that any foreigner has the same rights as citizens of the country.

I will list the requirements for foreign citizens when opening an individual entrepreneur.

When registering a foreigner as an entrepreneur, it is necessary to be guided by the current legislation regarding the registration of entrepreneurs.
Since the place of registration of an entrepreneur is a permanent residence permit, foreigners are registered based on their place of temporary residence. The information is indicated on the ID card in the form of a stamp.

Let's look at the documents for registration.

Application for registration of individual entrepreneurs.
A copy of the foreigner's passport. Have the original with you.
Photocopy of birth certificate. It's a good idea to grab the original as well.
A copy of the document that allows permanent or temporary residence in Russia. Registration is carried out on this basis.
Original and photocopy of a document confirming your place of residence in Russia.
Receipt of payment of the fee for opening an individual business.

Remember, all documentation for starting a business, which is submitted to the tax office, must be in Russian. If necessary, translate and notarize.

Foreign citizens can independently submit the package to the tax service. If this is not possible, for example, due to health reasons, the applicant can send them by valuable letter, attaching an inventory. The registration procedure takes 5 days, as in the case of Russian citizens.

If you have a great idea for organizing a business in our country, you can implement it. Current legislation does not prevent this.

What taxes does an individual entrepreneur pay?

Let's talk about what taxes the individual entrepreneur pays. Over the past year, individual entrepreneur taxes have remained virtually unchanged. Consequently, the payment rules remained at the same level. According to current legislation, taxation of entrepreneurs in Russia is carried out according to several options:

Single tax- UTII.
Simplified system - simplified tax system.
Patent system – PSN.
The main system is OSN.

Each entrepreneur operating in the Russian Federation reserves the right to choose the taxation option that is more suitable. Let's look at the options in more detail to do optimal choice.

UTII

The UTII taxation system has been in effect since 2008. Until 2014, Russian territorial units that adopted the system as a tax adhered only to it. In the year 2014, individual entrepreneurs were given the opportunity to choose the type of taxation.

Provides for the payment of fees on estimated income. The amount, taking into account all factors ensuring income generation, is set twice a year. After this, the individual entrepreneur pays fifteen percent of this amount every month.
The main disadvantage is that the entrepreneur pays contributions regularly. It doesn't matter if there is any income at all.
The main advantage comes down to the exemption of the businessman from other fees, ease of reporting and low interest rates.

PSN

Only individual entrepreneurs have access to PSN. Businessmen using this option are required to submit a corresponding application to the tax office 4 weeks before receiving a patent. Once the registration of the PSN is completed, it is impossible to switch to the previous system.

You can work with this taxation option only in the territory of obtaining a patent. To work in other regions, they undergo a re-registration procedure.
For Russian subjects There are various registration rules, conditions of issuance and validity periods. Details can be found at your regional tax office.
The general rule for Russia is the exemption of an entrepreneur from the mandatory preparation of a declaration for the duration of the patent.
Advantages: no need to use cash machine, not such strict reporting and a tax rate of 6%.

simplified tax system

The simplified tax system simplifies reporting. As a result, an entrepreneur can manage on his own without resorting to the help of an accountant. Plus, the simplified tax system exempts from property and value added tax.

There are two forms of the simplified system: by income and by profit. The first option provides for the payment of six percent of income. In this case, expenses invested in the enterprise are not subject to consideration.

The second option is more loyal to a business that requires constant investments. As soon as the businessman submits a report to the tax office, a calculation is made that takes into account the costs of the investment. The fee is 5-15% of income.

Entrepreneurs who meet certain conditions can switch to this scheme.

Annual income does not exceed 6 million rubles.
Number employees no more than 100 people.

OSN

For businessmen, OSN is the least profitable. If you do not apply for one of the listed options, you will have to work on the basis of the OSN.

Difficult in reporting. The company must have an accountant.
The second disadvantage is high interest rates and many taxes.

You learned how to become an individual entrepreneur in Russia and what taxes to pay. Each of the listed systems has disadvantages and advantages, and determines what taxes have to be paid.

I examined in detail the procedure for registering individual entrepreneurship and paid attention to the taxation system. I sincerely hope that the information will help.

If you have a good business idea, try to implement it in your country. If this doesn’t work out at home, come to Russia and try your luck here. Perhaps you will be lucky and become a millionaire. See you again and have a profitable business!

Cafe is the most popular format of the enterprise Catering. It doesn't take millions to start this business. costs. If the cafe works well, it is easy to acquire a permanent, loyal clientele. You can work in one place for decades and even pass this business on by inheritance.

But in order for a cafe to bring in a constant, stable income, before opening it, you need to study key points this business. Of course, nothing can replace your real experience, but still, it’s worth knowing where to start if you decide to open your own cafe from scratch.

For our users, we wrote a book about opening a small cafe, where we collected only practical recommendations, examples and calculations. It's a little more than just step-by-step instruction, so we highly recommend you read it.

What will you learn by reading our book? Before opening your own cafe, you need to answer a number of questions:

Where will you open the cafe? Will it be a shopping center, a busy street, a residential area or a closed area such as an office center, university, or enterprise?
Are there enough of yours? potential clients? How to estimate the expected attendance of your cafe?
How are your competitors doing? What niche in the catering market can you occupy?
Where to buy equipment, furniture and dishes for your cafe?
How to legally resolve the issue with musical accompaniment?
What is needed in order to obtain permission to open a cafe?

Our instruction book will tell you where to start to open your own cafe. But we did not limit ourselves to just describing the procedure for opening a cafe. You will also learn how to evaluate a restaurant’s menu for profitability, what efficiency indicators exist for an operating cafe, what your chef should do, and what area of responsibility you should control.

How much does it cost to open a cafe from scratch?

To understand how much money you need to open a cafe, you need to decide on the format of your establishment. At the preliminary stage of assessing the location, the activities of competitors, possible attendance, and the average bill, you can already guess how much daily income your cafe will generate. A good payback period for a café would be one year of its operation at full capacity, and this is what you should proceed from when calculating how much money you will need to open your café.

All costs of opening a cafe from scratch can be divided into one-time costs and those that will have to be borne throughout the entire period of the cafe’s activity. Let's collect this data in a table:

We did not indicate in the table the most important item of expense - premises, since the situation here may be different:

you already have your own cafe premises;
you are planning to buy a premises;
The cafe space will be rented.

Most often, cafe premises are rented. There are several reasons for this. Firstly, areas where there is good traffic are often located in shopping centers, where the premises can only be rented. Secondly, renting, rather than purchasing, premises reduces the cost of opening a cafe. Thirdly, despite all the preliminary calculations, the location of the cafe may turn out to be unsuccessful.

You need to rent space for a cafe wisely. We talked about what you need to pay attention to when concluding a lease agreement with the owner in our book. Well, if the premises are yours, congratulations, your risks when opening a cafe from scratch will be much less.

In each specific case, the amount of expenses when opening a cafe from scratch will be different. In our book, we calculated in detail and down to the smallest detail the cost of opening a summer cafe for 20 people. One-time expenses amounted to 500 thousand rubles, plus 330 thousand rubles amounted to fixed costs for the first month of operation of the cafe, taking into account the rent of the premises. Total, 830 thousand rubles.

For business starters, we advise you to consider the option of a franchise in the catering industry. In some cases, opening a cafe as a franchise will be cheaper due to the fact that the franchisor is interested in promoting its brand. For example, he can offer you equipment in installments, for rent, or even for free use. Of course, he will later reimburse his expenses when he receives monthly payments from you, but at the first stage, operating a cafe as a franchise will help you quickly start making a profit.

When choosing a franchise, keep in mind that the examples of expenses and income in the franchisor’s proposal may not be entirely reliable. The franchisor is interested in selling you a franchise, so recalculate all the given figures yourself and add those expenses that are not taken into account in his rosy picture.

Are you planning to open your own business? Don’t forget about the current account - it will simplify doing business, paying taxes and insurance premiums. Moreover, now many banks offer profitable terms for opening and maintaining a current account. You can view the offers here.

How to open a cafe from scratch: business plan

Do you need a business plan to open a cafe? If we talk about a professionally compiled document with formulas, graphs and marketing research, then it will not be cheap. Unfortunately, even an expensive document prepared by specialists will not guarantee you the stated income figures. A business plan is just a plan; only the cost figures will be more or less accurate.

However, before you open your own cafe, you must also calculate its income. Yes, it will only be estimated, but you should imagine what you can count on if the cafe is well organized.

We propose to replace a professional business plan for opening a cafe with an example with calculations of expenses and revenues. You can also find such an example in our book. In this example, we calculated not only the amount of expenses, but also how many visitors should come to the cafe, what the average bill should be, and what the payback period for your cafe might be.

What documents are needed to open a cafe?

What permits are needed to open a cafe? A cafe is a public catering establishment, and such establishments are under increased attention from supervisory authorities. Answering the question: “What does it take to open a cafe?”, we must draw your attention to the presence of certain bureaucratic barriers.

Unfortunately, the receiving process permitting documents It may take you a lot of time to open a cafe. The procedure itself is not explicitly stated in any normative act, because approvals must be obtained from different services.

The package of documents for opening a cafe in 2020 will include:

coordination with the fire inspectorate;
sanitary and epidemiological conclusion from Rospotrebnadzor on the compliance of the cafe with the requirements;
permission to open a cafe from the local administration;
permission to place outdoor advertising;
a license to sell alcohol if you sell it;
agreement with the police on the placement of a panic button.

The most difficult thing will be to obtain permission from Rospotrebnadzor to open a cafe, because To do this, you must comply with the requirements of several special documents (SNiP). During the issuance of the conclusion, Rospotrebnadzor will request contracts for disinfection, garbage removal, laundry services, a technological project for connecting equipment to electricity, water, sewerage and other documents. Next, a sanitary production control program will be approved, according to the plan of which further activities will be checked. We advise you not to enter into a rental agreement until you know sanitary requirements to your type of cafe. It is possible that the room you have chosen cannot meet them at all.

It is easier to open a cafe in a room where there was already a catering outlet, or in a shopping center in the food court format, where the administration of the shopping center will provide some assistance in obtaining permits.

You can find out what documents you need to open a cafe in Russia from specialized law firms that help in obtaining various types of licenses, approvals, and permits. It's no secret that great importance in this matter has connections, knowledge of the procedure, regional characteristics, therefore, if you have the opportunity to order such services, it is worth taking advantage of it.

In any case, do not despair, you can obtain permits to open a cafe yourself, especially since you only need to do this once. Look at how many catering outlets there are, all of which were able to overcome these bureaucratic obstacles. So can you.

The information is relevant for those who are planning to open a store in Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan and other CIS countries and the world. All features of starting an enterprise are universal for different areas.

In this article we answer the following questions:

How to open a store from scratch and how much does it cost?
Which new shop Is it profitable to open?
Where to start, what is needed, how to prepare documents and equip the store?
How to attract customers and make a stable profit?

: Finding a market niche

Winning option– choose the type of product related to your professional skills or hobby.

For example, a person who understands technology will be able to organize its sale, correctly assess the needs of customers and know how to present this product. Cosmetics and clothing stores are traditionally run by women who are passionate about beauty and style. It’s easier to form an assortment and organize work with those things that you understand.

If you approach the choice of direction purely for commercial reasons, then you should open an enterprise of any type that is in demand in a certain place. If there is nowhere to buy pasta in a residential area after nine in the evening, the best solution is your own 24-hour grocery store.

The nuances of opening a store, or factors to consider when choosing a market niche:

1. Seasonality of business. Many types of goods sell better during a certain season ( winter clothes, some sporting goods, etc.). Decide on the seasonality of your business and think in advance about ways to get money during the off-season.

2. Competition. When deciding on the type of product, it is important to choose a location without direct competitors nearby. Or offer the buyer something that a competitor does not have.

For example, adjacent to expensive boutiques in a shopping center, it is worth offering a good assortment of youth clothing and accessories at a low price.

A grocery store near a supermarket cannot survive with the usual assortment. Better to specialize in sales confectionery, meat, household essentials, etc., that is, narrow your niche.

3. Be very careful with your ideas., which have no analogues. On the one hand, such a business, in the absence of competitors, will receive maximum profit. On the other hand, the lack of competition may mean that such products are not in demand.

Step 2: Store name

You need to start preparing for the opening with the name. This is a small thing that should be taken care of in advance. When writing a business plan and planning expenses, be sure to take the sign into account. And its cost directly depends on the name.

Main requirement– adequacy and attractiveness of the name. It should explain to passersby what is sold inside. If you want to take original name, then assign a specialization to it (grocery, construction, clothing, etc.)

Step 3: Business Plan

If you are not sure whether it is worth spending time on this, cast aside all doubts. This is a step-by-step guide on how to open your own store, plus an extra opportunity to look at your business from the outside: assess the risks and benefits.

Mandatory points of a business plan

Summary(where the enterprise is located, what it does);
Market and competitor analysis;
Organizational aspects(registration of an enterprise, obtaining the necessary permits and licenses);
Marketing plan(how will you stimulate sales, what advertising to use to attract and retain customers);
Assortment and pricing(what categories of goods will be presented, their cost, brands);
Production plan(arrangement of premises, communications, division into zones);
Technical base(equipment, manufacturers from whom it is profitable to purchase);
Organizational plan(staff and work schedule, salary level);
Possible risks, and how to deal with them. This paragraph implies a description of the “pessimistic” option for business development. A pre-prepared strategy will help cope with possible difficulties;
Financial plan(how much money will be required to open a business, calculating potential profits, calculating payback).

Step 4: Search for premises

Own premises for a store are very rare, so in planning we focus on rented space.

Common placement options: the first floor of a residential building or office building, space in a shopping center, a separate building. The last option is the most expensive and not always practical.

The best place is on the “red line”, that is, facing a road with a lot of traffic. Whether in a residential area or in the city center, this is an ideal way to receive “random” buyers who were just passing by. Below are the basic conditions when choosing a location, or where it is best to open a store.

Availability. No confusing alleys on the way to the establishment, it should be easy to find and easy to see from afar. Huge advantages are the availability of nearby parking and advertising signs.

Positioning(customer-oriented placement). Different locations are suitable for each type of product. Small food outlets are popular in residential areas, souvenirs - in entertainment centers, luxury goods are best sold in the city center, stationery - close to schools, universities, business centers.

Properly selected room area. Space must be used rationally so as not to overpay for extra square meters. But some businesses require a lot of space.

For example, a small boutique of gifts and souvenirs needs 20 sq. m., a clothing store with fitting rooms will need at least 40 sq. m. The area of the retail space ranges from 20-100 sq. m. m. depending on the selected type.

Adequate rent, corresponding to the price level. For example, expensive space in shopping complex unprofitable for a consignment shop. On average, the rental cost is $8-11 per 1 sq. m. m. in residential areas and remote places, $15-20 per 1 sq. m. m. - in the center.

Important nuance– it’s worth paying rent for six months to a year in advance (this will go towards capital investments) to ensure the work of the company in the first months, until trade begins to generate a lot of income. Otherwise, with a frantic monthly search for money for rent, there is a risk of going broke.

Step 5: Arrangement and renovation of the premises

You need to rent an area and start developing the site before receiving most of the permits. Most authorities require a lease agreement in the package of documents, and also check the readiness of the premises for work.

Requirements for the store premises

Mandatory conditions for all trading floors:

Having an evacuation plan, fire alarms, fire extinguishers;
Availability of heating, electricity, air conditioning, running water(not necessarily for all types of sales, important for food);
When renovating during finishing, painting, cladding, use moisture-resistant and easy-to-clean materials. Floors must be smooth, without cracks or potholes;
Compliance with consumer rights. This includes control scales for food outlets, the presence of a complaint book and a consumer corner (sales rules, company contact details, etc.);
The layout of the space should be simple for the buyer, without impeding movement in the hall.

Placement permission and when to get it

This certificate must be obtained before repairs begin. This is a kind of expert assessment from Rospotrebnadzor on whether it is possible to start sales in the selected location.

If the site is not suitable in many respects, then money for repairs will be wasted. Receiving an expert assessment takes 2-3 weeks. When contacting a special law firm, the cost of registration will be $150-160.

On average, redecorating and finishing a room with an area of 50-70 square meters. m cost 1500-2000 dollars.

Step 6: Business Registration

What documents are needed to open a store? First, officially register your business. The simplest option is an individual entrepreneur, it is faster, cheaper and less hassle with accounting.

But, for example, only an LLC with authorized capital no less than a million rubles.

How to open an individual entrepreneur for a store

Registration certificate legal entity must be obtained from the local tax office at your registration address. It is worth deciding on the taxation system in advance (OSNO, USN, UTII).

Documents required for tax purposes

Your passport(For foreign citizens– international passport) and TIN. If you do not have an individual taxpayer number, it will be issued along with the certificate, it will take 4-5 days longer;
Application on form P21001 (For Russia). One of the important points of the application is the choice of OKVED codes. They may differ for each type of store, but the common subsection for all is: 47 – “Retail trade, except trade in motor vehicles and motorcycles.” It is recommended to select as many suitable codes as possible so as not to have to worry about “pre-registration” later. Extra codes do not affect the activity in any way;
Receipt, confirming payment of the state fee ($12);
Application for transition to a simplified taxation system if it suits you. Otherwise, OSN is written by default.

The tax office issues a receipt confirming receipt of documents. After five days, the application will be considered; if the answer is positive, the entrepreneur receives a certificate of registration with the tax service and an extract from the Unified State Register of Entrepreneurs (USRIP) State Register individual entrepreneurs).

Together with them, they issue a notification about the assignment of statistics codes from Rosstat, a certificate of registration of the entrepreneur in pension fund at the place of residence, certificate of registration with the Federal Compulsory Compulsory Medical Insurance Fund. Otherwise, you will have to issue these certificates separately.

After this, you need to open a bank account and make a stamp (up to $15). A seal is not required for an individual entrepreneur; usually a signature and the mark “B/P” (“without seal”) are sufficient.

Step 7: Selecting Suppliers

Main selection criteria:

Experience and reliability, reviews from other buyers;
Range. The most convenient supplier - from whom you can purchase a maximum of different products. Pay attention to recognizable products from well-known brands, they sell better;
Convenience of calculations. Various bonuses, discounts, deferments. It is difficult for a beginner to find a supplier who will agree to provide products with deferred payment. However, it is worth trying to negotiate according to the “50/50” scheme; you pay for some of the goods immediately, and for others after the sale.

You should look for suppliers on the Internet, newspapers and magazines, and at industry exhibitions.

Step 8: Shop Equipment

Common equipment items for all store types:

Racks, counters, display cases - about $700. Good manufacturers - Mago, Neka, Rus, Fabrik Art;
A simple reception for picking up purchases – $150-300. Showcase Plus, “Trade Equipment”;
Cash register – $150-250. Orion, Mercury, Elwes-MK.

Total minimum investment in equipment will be $1200.

Important point– connecting the possibility of non-cash payments (acquiring), this will increase the number of clients and reduce the risk of encountering fraudsters. You need to contact the selected bank, where they will formulate terms of cooperation for you (mainly, the amount of bank commissions) and install a POS terminal. On average, the commission is 1.9-4% of the transaction volume.

The lower the company's turnover, the higher the commission the bank requires. For cooperation, a certain deposit amount is required in the current account.

Step 9: Recruiting staff for the store

For a small grocery or flower shop, two salespeople are enough (the work schedule is “weekly every other week”) and a cleaning lady.

A construction or clothing store should hire a sales floor administrator (consultant), a cashier, and a cleaner. It is recommended to outsource accounting to save money.

The most important person is the seller. In addition to standard qualities good worker and sales skills, the employee must be in the right place. Simply put, match the store. For example, they sell underwear beautiful women, and the building materials are older men and women who inspire confidence with their experience.

The ideal way to stimulate the seller is a percentage of the proceeds. But if you put an employee entirely on a percentage basis in a new place, you can lose him and provoke a high staff turnover.

It is best to form a minimum salary (for example, $200-250) plus a percentage of monthly revenue. Cashiers and cleaners receive a fixed salary.

Step 10: Formation of assortment

This includes product display and interior design of the store. Take the time to learn the basics of merchandising or hire a specialist to do the initial display. Among general rules stand out:

The product must be placed conveniently for the visitor, in easily accessible places. Those products that need to be sold first are placed in the most visible place;
Use price tags to stimulate sales. Highlight promotions and discounts in large letters and bright colors. For expensive products, place the price so that you have to look for it and turn the item in your hands, appreciating all its advantages;
Separate things for convenience into categories and mark them with signs or stands;
Interior decoration and atmosphere should be set up to buy certain things. Correct lighting, background music, pleasant smells - all this influences visitors.

Step 11: Security

Ensure the safety of your company. The minimum set of security equipment is an alarm system, a panic button, and a video surveillance camera. Purchase and installation costs start from $200, maintenance costs start from $50 per month.

Step 12: Opening the store

Turn the start of work into a promotion with music, competitions, distribution of gifts and advertising booklets, discounts, etc. Then customers will want to come back to you.

Step 13: Risk Assessment

Before starting a business, you should evaluate all the risks and benefits. What do you need to know?

pros

Established point of sale - source stable income. At the enterprise in good location and with a wide range there will always be buyers.
If necessary, a trading enterprise can be easily sold as a ready-made business.
Enough simple system calculations.

Minuses

Large investments in business and high level of competition.
Remains of unsold products that have to be written off or sold at a discount.
Seasonality of some types of trade.
The risk of losing up to 80% of your investment in the event of an unfortunate turn of events.

Step 14: Advertising

Arrange periodically sales and promotions for clients. Discount cards for regular customers work well. Distribution is suitable for building materials, clothing, toys print advertising by mailboxes.

Form special offer and design your flyers colorfully. Printing 5 thousand copies will cost approximately $100.

Which store is better to open?

Let's consider the features and nuances of opening stores of various types. Based on the previous points, the minimum cost of registering a business, repairs and equipment, rent and advertising is approximately $8 thousand.

Clothing store

Area - from 50 sq. m.

Costs of opening a clothing store

Mannequins and busts, torsos (about 10-15 pieces) – approximately $500;
Mirror in full height to the trading floor – from $50;
2 fitting booths with curtains + 2 mirrors – $200-250;
Hangers and racks for clothes -$300-400;
Electronic product protection system – $1400;
Barcode scanner – $100-150;
Printer for printing barcode labels – $400-600;
Purchasing things six months in advance – 10-15 thousand dollars.

The total investment in the business will be 20-25 thousand dollars. Markup – from 50-400%.

Important details: large assortment (at least 1000 units), availability of popular sizes, sales related products and accessories (handbags, wallets, hangers, jewelry, belts, etc.). Regularly hold sales and promotions (“third item free,” “discount on second purchase,” etc.).

Lingerie store

15-25 sq.m. is enough. m. The list of equipment differs from the previous type of outlet only in the type of mannequins. You will need special bust hangers, “hangers”, “legs” for tights and socks, etc.

Demonstration of goods on mannequins and torsos works well. You need to invest at least $13,000 in opening.

Good and popular lingerie brands: Incanto, Lormar, Milavitsa, Agent Provocateur, Victoria's Secret, Calzedonia, Passionata, Rosme. The best demand is for products in the mid-price category.

It is necessary to create an assortment for women, men and children so that visitors can shop for the whole family.

Grocery store

Required area – from 30 sq. m. Additional equipment and costs:

2 Refrigerators – 1100 $;
Shelving for vegetable spreads (vegetable box) – $150;
Product racks- 600 dollars;
Printer for printing barcodes and labels – $400-600.

In total, together with the purchase of goods, capital costs will amount to 13-15 thousand dollars.

A grocery store needs a warehouse to store food. There are also special requirements for such companies.

To obtain a work permit from Rospotrebnadzor, you must fulfill the conditions SanPiN 2.3.5. 021-94— “Sanitary rules for enterprises food trade" All standards, GOSTs, etc. are spelled out here.

Products must have price tags, weight indication, good timing suitability. Products with defects are sold separately, with mandatory notification of the defect. Be sure to have scales.

Company employees must have health records, work in a uniform with a hat, have a badge indicating your name and position.

Children's clothing store

Selling clothes for children will require the same opening costs as a regular clothing store. Mannequins need to be purchased for children.

The amount required is around $17,000-20,000. It is important to decide price category (the best option– average), and sort the products by age.

Commission shop

Area 50-60 square meters.

Features of this business

There is no need to look for suppliers, people hand over their things themselves;
The size of the company’s commission for the sale of used products is 20-50%;
There are no problems with unsold balances. The owner takes back items not sold;
It is best to locate a second-hand clothing store in a densely populated residential area;
Unlike a clothing salon, you don’t need a lot of expensive mannequins, just a few torsos, busts, and hangers are enough.

To open it yourself commission shop, you will need to spend approximately $9,000-10,000.

Auto parts store

The required room size is from 60 square meters. m. The equipment you will need are counters, racks, and a cash register. The investment amount starts from $12,000, including the purchase of spare parts.

The secrets to the success of this business

It is better to specialize in one or two car brands, but provide spare parts for the entire model range;
Sell accessories (mats, scented keychains, etc.);
Salespeople must be knowledgeable in the device of the car;
For each product group select several suppliers so as not to keep customers waiting. Collaborating with official dealers, you will increase trust in the company and will be able to officially use the brand logo in your advertising;
Offer a home delivery service.

Flower shop

Area from 20 sq. m.V trading floor We need shelving, a table for packaging and arranging compositions, stands and flowerpots for flowers, ideally cooling chamber to maintain the desired temperature.

In addition to flowers, packaging paper, baskets, gift ribbons, bows, transparent cellophane, mesh, felt, and tape are purchased as consumables. Small tools you will need are scissors, wire cutters, a glue gun, and floral knives.

Investments in equipment and the first purchase of cuttings – from $12,000.

To begin with, it is worth working with local wholesalers; with good promotion, it is recommended to buy flowers from capital and foreign suppliers.

Important nuances to consider

Organize individual sales of flowers and ready-made bouquets and arrangements;
Flowers must always be fresh, so you need to learn how to correctly estimate the volume of purchases;
Diversify your assortment with gift cards and soft toys;
Having created a thematic website, an entrepreneur can start designing custom-made holiday celebrations.

Draft beer store

Required space – from 70 sq. m.

Necessary equipment

Racks with taps and beer barrels;
Coolants and defoamers;
Snack counters.

A complete set will cost approximately $2000. About two thousand more will be needed to purchase 10-15 types of beer, 100 liters each. In total, the opening will cost about $13,000.

Secrets of sales organization: an assortment of 10-15 types of drink and the availability of snacks in packages and by weight (crackers, chips, fish, etc.) are required.

Hardware store

Area – from 60-70 sq. m. In addition to standard equipment and counters with shelving, demonstration stands are needed.

Necessarily warehouse space, packaging and delivery services for purchases. Capital investments in the enterprise will amount to 16-20 thousand dollars.

Most popular products: Decoration Materials, tools, paint and varnish products, plumbing. Best place outlet in the city center, near major roads and intersections, markets, shopping centers. The markup on products is 25-40%.

01But I

Hello! Today we’ll talk about how to open your own business and how to become an entrepreneur. As a rule, this is what people who strive for independence want. Creation own business provides a number of advantages, especially when compared with regular hired work. But to get started, you need to carefully weigh everything, evaluate your capabilities and think through the details as much as possible.

Let's analyze where you can start a business if capital is minimal, or how to start your own business without initial capital:

If you have knowledge and experience in any field of activity, you can use it as a platform to launch your project;
You need to understand that running your own business is hard work. Doing nothing and getting millions will not work;
To organize the whole process, you will have to do it 24 hours a day.

Let's compare a business without start-up capital investments and with starting investments. For clarity, let's present it in table form:

Criterion	Business without capital investment	Business with capital investments
1.Costs Money at the start of the project	None
2.Costs monthly	None	Present in significant quantities
3. Complexity of organization	Low	Medium, high level
4.Presence of competition	High level	High level
5.Payback	Upon receiving your first income	Take a lot of time
6. Level of demand	High	High

The table also makes clear the level of potential risk: if there was no investment of funds, the maximum is that you can lose this time and effort. With significant financial investments, the risks are high: you can lose not only your capital, but also other people’s funds.

How to get funds for business development

Invest your savings in the business. By the way, it is considered the safest and most reliable option;
Obtaining a loan from a bank. This is possible if you have something to provide as collateral to the bank. Without these conditions, lending will be denied. A loan can be taken for unspecified purposes and for business development. A deposit is required in both cases;
Borrow from friends or family. If you are confident of success and the amount required is small, why not. If the matter does not live up to expectations, there will be nothing to repay the debt with, and relationships with loved ones will definitely deteriorate. Based on this, it is easier to get a loan;
Find an investor. This could be one person who is interested in your project or the organization as a whole;
Find a partner who will invest his money in the development of the business;
Start with the minimum (release of one unit of goods or provision of services to only one customer);
Design government subsidy (this will be discussed in more detail below);
Raise money through crowdfunding. This is the collection of money from the population in any amount. For example, a fundraiser is announced to release a new album for a famous vocal group. Anyone can invest funds.

All the tips given will allow you to get the required amount of money in accessible, and most importantly, legal ways.

Where to start your business

A person who decides to start his own business evokes ambivalent feelings: some consider him desperate and crazy, while others admire his courage and determination.

There are now many sources from which you can get information on starting your own business (take, for example, our website How to Earn Money.ru), you just need to use them correctly to get the maximum practical benefit.

Let us dwell in more detail on the steps that must be taken to become successful entrepreneur.

Step 1. Developing a business idea

Any business begins with the fact that someone has an idea to do it. Main - . Experienced entrepreneurs say that to formulate an idea, on a regular piece of paper they write 10 options that appeared in their head. Then the advantages and disadvantages of each option are described.

But you can just go to the section and find an idea for yourself.

Step 2. Selecting a market segment

Choosing the right niche in the market is very important for a new entrepreneur. At the initial stages of business development, you should not choose services or products that are not widely known. But you need to prepare for big competition. Therefore, a thorough analysis of the market in order to choose your place in it will not hurt.

Step 3. Business plan

Having something carefully thought out and formulated allows you to evaluate your capabilities, as well as analyze what can be obtained in the near future and what in the long term.

Main points of the business plan

Description of the main type of activity;
Planned result;
Possibility of losing money;
Economic analysis;
Stages of business development;
Time allocated for each stage;
Calculation of one-time and periodic costs;
Planned end result (what is planned to be done when the result is achieved).

Step 4. Business registration

When the decision on the activity has been made, the business plan has been drawn up, you need to go through the procedure or (company with limited liability). a little bit more labor-intensive process than opening an individual entrepreneur.

Plastic bag necessary documents includes:

Original or photocopy of passport in good quality;
Original or photocopy of TIN;
Document on registration with the tax authority;
Statement of Selection.

You can go through the procedure personally or contact specialists who deal with similar issues.

You may also need it to conduct your business.

IP is the most famous on this moment a form that allows entrepreneurial activity. This is mainly due to the ease of registration, which is available to any citizen.

Opening an individual entrepreneur has its advantages and disadvantages, this is normal and is present in any business.

Positive aspects of opening an individual entrepreneur:

Simple registration procedure;
All activities are under the control of the entrepreneur, and he decides when to stop it;
It is not necessary to involve an accountant to keep records;
All profits are the property of the entrepreneur, he has the right to dispose of it at will. The main thing is to pay taxes on time.

Disadvantages of IP:

In the event of debts arising from obligations, the entrepreneur is liable with all his property. This must be remembered even at the stage of organizing a business. If you plan to develop your business in the trading sector, in case of failure to fulfill loan obligations, forced forms of debt repayment may be applied;
Regular inspections by regulatory authorities (tax service, etc.);
Lack of profit (it is impossible to predict whether the activity will bring good profit);
The entrepreneur's obligation is to make regular contributions to the Pension Fund;
A sole proprietor cannot sell the business;
Prejudice towards the form itself: many businessmen refuse to cooperate with individual entrepreneurs simply because they consider this form of activity frivolous. It is clear that this is a misconception, but it has its place;
Situations often arise when individual entrepreneurs are not allowed to participate in a tender;
carried out in accordance with the standards applicable to.

Analysis of the above pros and cons will allow a novice entrepreneur to take a more responsible approach to choosing a registration form, this will save time, nerves and money.

Step 5. Selecting equipment and premises

In order to choose the right premises, we have prepared a number of articles for you:

If you have decided on a place to do business, the next step is to purchase the necessary equipment. Costs will directly depend on the chosen area. Eg:

If you are opening a retail outlet, you will need trading equipment (refrigeration, scales, etc.);
If planned own production, you need a whole line of equipment;
If the business is conducted on the Internet, everything will be easier. But you need a warehouse to store goods.

Step 6. Advertising and business promotion issues

These issues require serious attention and investment. The main task of any business is to attract as many clients as possible. To expand your customer base, you need competent advertising.

Online business also requires website development and optimization to sustain the business.

Promotion plays a big role. For a client to tell people around you about you, he must be pleasantly surprised; give him more than he expected to receive. For example, a discount on a product or service, or a small gift.

Mentioned above state support for beginning entrepreneurs. Read more about how to get it and how to use it correctly.

Governmental support

In our country there are several types of state support for entrepreneurship. Namely:

Allocation of subsidies;
Holding exhibitions and fairs;
Free consultation on various issues;
Assistance in renting a plot or premises for an enterprise.

Let's briefly describe each option.

Allocation of subsidies- the most relevant type of government assistance. Two types of subsidies are issued: to those who have just planned to start their own business, and to those who want to modernize production and develop their existing business to a new level.

In the first case, you have to prove that your business will bring tangible benefits to the region, that all risks have been calculated. In the second case, established entrepreneurs receive compensation for part of the expenses incurred (to pay loans, lease payments, etc.).

In any case, not only the prospects of the chosen direction are taken into account, but also the priority for the entire region. The following are considered priority: Agriculture, medicine, education, new technologies, cultural sphere.

Assistance in renting a plot or premises for an enterprise is not free, but it is more financially profitable than renting from private individuals. Preferential conditions are provided that allow you to save money.

Holding exhibitions and fairs— providing free retail space to budding entrepreneurs. Allows you to reduce advertising costs, exchange experiences, and establish business contacts.

Free consultations— assistance in solving specific issues that sooner or later every beginning entrepreneur will face. You can ask questions to lawyers, economists, labor and employment specialists.

Note to entrepreneurs: The state provides support under strict reporting conditions for each amount spent.

How to become a successful entrepreneur

It is unlikely that anyone will answer this question accurately. Successful businessmen become, putting a lot of effort, working almost around the clock, earning invaluable experience and knowledge. Everyone goes their own way to success.

Everyone makes mistakes, but they are part of the journey. The main thing is to work on preventing them from happening all the time.

Typical mistakes of new entrepreneurs

Start a business just because you think your idea is brilliant. Your idea should be evaluated by potential buyers and clients, not by you;
Starting your own business without market analysis. Why it is needed has already been discussed earlier;
Start without knowledge in the planned area of doing business. A good example: opening a workshop for the production of parts for machine tools, without knowing anything about machines;
Expect millions in earnings in the first months after opening (business requires patience and time);
Doing everything yourself: it’s simply unrealistic to cope with all the tasks alone. If you plan to be in business for a long time, you will have to hire employees. Good employees- this is not a big expense, but an investment!
Starting a business without a clear business plan. To put it mildly, the idea is bad. You yourself will not have a complete idea of your activities and what goals you set;
Wrong prioritization. The main priority is clients. If they are there, the whole process will improve;
Lack of desire to learn and improve. Study constantly, learn new things, expand your horizons;
There is no general interest in the area in which it is planned to do business. Simply put: don't open a hockey school if you don't like hockey;
There is no healthy tenacity. Many companies have collapsed only because management refused to deal with the flow of problems.

Business is a struggle, often with yourself and your shortcomings.

Ideas for starting your own business

This is not a complete list of business ideas that a novice entrepreneur can start. There are many of them. Find your idea and implement it.

Personal qualities of a successful entrepreneur

We figured out the question of how to become an entrepreneur. The idea for creating a business from scratch has already been chosen, a business plan that is ideal in all respects has been drawn up, but in addition to all this, you need to have something else important. Namely, certain personal qualities. We'll find out what they are now.

Decisive character. Be prepared to take on the role of a leader who can be held accountable for his words and actions. It is important to learn to make difficult decisions, listen to the opinions and advice of others, but leave the final decision for yourself;
The ability to come up with new things and think outside the box. A dose of adventurism is needed, but within reasonable limits. At the same time, do not forget that courage and recklessness are two different things;
Love for the chosen business. If your eyes don’t sparkle, you won’t attract other people with your ideas;
Reaction speed and ability to act in difficult situations. It will always come in handy, especially in business. It is impossible to predict everything, but if necessary, improvisation can help out;
Do not lie. There is no need to deceive yourself, your employees, or your clients. Don’t set unrealistic deadlines, don’t try to sell something that doesn’t exist;
Don't do things halfway. But manage your time wisely;
Ability to be flexible. There is no need to strictly adhere to the initial plan if the actual situation does not correspond to it. Flexibility is valued more than being too stubborn and wanting to be right about everything;
Intuition. There are times when it helps out better than logical conclusions;
Tendency to introspection. Allows you to avoid many mistakes, correct old ones and not make new ones.

The above list can be continued. By developing these qualities, you can improve not only your life, but also significantly advance your business. Over time, you will mark the most important ones for yourself and begin to develop them intensively.

Personal qualities are largely responsible for the success of the entire business. Studies have shown that the main driving force for many - the need to realize themselves in their favorite business. Active life position should become common feature those who strive for success in any field.

In general, you need to be able to combine personal qualities with business, to benefit from both. Since any entrepreneurial activity involves risks, you need to be firmly confident in the correctness of your actions and future success.

To achieve success in your business, you need to correctly combine acquired experience with natural inclinations. This will allow you to move faster towards your goal and achieve it within a reasonable time frame.

Trainings for those who want to start their own business

Main objectives:

Teach business communication skills;
Develop the ability to confront competitors;
To familiarize those who want to start their own business with the peculiarities of the application of economic and legal norms;
Present various methods for solving problems that arise during work.

It is often proposed to analyze the realities of the market in a playful way. Anyone can attend such events, regardless of whether you run your own business or are just planning to open one.

Training courses often allow not only to obtain necessary knowledge, but also to gain self-confidence, which is so often lacking. Largely thanks to them, you can avoid a lot of gross mistakes in running your business.

Concerning financial issue, you don’t always have to pay to attend trainings. Often free classes are held or the organizers provide bonuses and discounts on attendance.

Conclusion

Now you know how to open your own business! And at the end of the article I would like to say: if you want to become a successful entrepreneur, change your worldview, surround yourself with people who have achieved success in business.

Take action, but don’t completely follow other people’s recipes for success. Only by working on yourself, on your mistakes, can you achieve the desired result. Remember, as the popular wisdom says: “Water does not flow under a lying stone.”

No one is born an entrepreneur. They become, sometimes by trial and error. If the thought of starting your own business haunts you, stop doubting and move forward! And we will help you with this in every possible way on the pages of our website!

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