Gas station as a business. Gas station business plan - how to open a gas station from scratch and own a network of gas stations in a year? Wholesale of petroleum products to end consumers business plan

Gas station business plan - is it profitable? Analytics of the fuel business market in 2019. Organizational, production and marketing plan+ settlement part + Overview of the features of mini gas stations.

As long as liquid fuel vehicles drive in our country, there will always be demand for gas stations. Although the niche is not in high demand in 2019, it still makes sense to develop a gas station business plan and put it into practice. Today we will talk about exactly how to open a gas station in Russia + we will discuss what features of doing business in the fuel trade exist in order for 2019-2020.

Is it profitable to open gas stations?

Business niche studies show that the gas station market is gradually reaching the peak of its saturation. Large gas stations are now available even in small towns, and if we take into account million-plus cities, then the competition here is simply huge. Customers want to receive a quality product from fuel suppliers, and if they cannot provide the latter with such, there is no hope for the success of the business plan as such.

Benefits of filling stations as a business:

stable demand for fuel from gas stations in all regions of the country;
many channels for the supply and marketing of products;
a high level of adaptation of filling stations to a constantly changing market;
the business can flexibly adjust to customer requests in terms of supply volumes and fuel discounts.

Many experts believe that the new business plan model for gas stations should provide for a vertically integrated structure, namely, the refinery-gas station. Large expenses for fuel transportation force entrepreneurs to increase the cost of products sold, as a result, low competitiveness and a high risk of losing business.

Negative side of business:

a high level of competition from other filling stations that have more favorable conditions for the supply of fuel, or operate under a franchise;
low-quality work of gas station employees;
the likelihood of damage or complete breakdown of business equipment.

In addition, there are other threats to the business plan of filling stations - an increase in fuel prices with a decrease in demand, jumps in rent or a complete termination of the lease agreement for the area for filling stations, a decrease in the purchasing power of the population, and so on.

The business owner can mitigate some of the risk by expanding the scope of the project plan. This includes an increase in the range of services, cooperation with corporate fuel customers, the opening of related business areas - cafes, mini restaurants, and so on.

Recent market trends indicate a gradual modernization of oil refineries, which will eventually lead to the complete saturation of the filling station niche with high-octane fuel. In this regard, the profitability of the business will increase by 30% -40%, at least, which means that the development of a gas station business plan will be a completely acceptable solution for both individual entrepreneurs and LLCs.

How to write a gas station business plan from scratch - step by step instructions

Any project must have a documented action plan, otherwise, no one will even consider the idea of investing funds. Only decision in this case, the development of a quality business plan. There are a lot of nuances in this matter, therefore, it can be simply unrealistic for a novice entrepreneur to deal with all the questions on his own.

Specialized offices or private traders can simplify the process of working on planning a gas station business, however, why lay out the extra 30,000-50,000 rubles if most of the information on organizing this business can be found on the Internet, in particular, in the content of this article.

1) The state of the sales market today

You can not rush into any business with your head, without making a full analysis of the state of the market of the region/country. When working with gas stations, for local research, you can use regional or national dynamics, since the oil refining industry, in this aspect, works everywhere at almost the same level.

For clearer results, the gas station business plan should take into account 3 research parameters. Let's take a closer look at each of them.

Parameter number 1. Market environment and share distribution

For Russia, filling stations are a monopoly market. More than 80% of filling stations of various formats are concentrated in the hands of large holding companies such as Lukoil, Rosneft, TNK and others. In the retail part of the business in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation, holdings account for about 32% of the total volume.

Filling station market coverage by region:

Rosneft - the business has taken the lead in 17 regions of our state in terms of the number of filling stations and the volume of fuel sold;
LUKOIL — the business occupies a leading position in 14 regions Russian Federation;
Surgutneftegaz - coverage of 4 regions of the Russian Federation;
TNK-BP and Gazprom Neft - 3 regions each.

If we take into account only gasoline, then almost 80% of the market is captured by the holding business. The total number of gas stations on the territory of our state is now more than 30,000 points. The number of gas stations that are included in the group of leading companies is no more than 9,000, however, the share of sales at these gas stations exceeds 50% of the total volume, which indicates the complete helplessness of small businesses trying to carve out a place in the sun in this niche.

It follows from this that the sales volumes of businesses from ordinary gas stations are 2-3 times lower than those of more promoted chains. Upon entering this direction from scratch, an entrepreneur may hope to cover only 25% -35% of the market, and then he will have to compete with other private traders working on the same scheme.

Parameter number 2. Capacity

This parameter for calculating the profitability of a business includes the number of vehicles in the distribution area under consideration, which accounts for one citizen of the country. In second place in importance is the rolling of the road network, the priority in the type of fuel consumed and the demand for additional services at the gas station.

The data of "AUTOSTAT" in 2019 show that more than 43,000,000 cars of a passenger type are now driving across the territory of the Russian Federation. The average length of the roadway is 1,500,000 kilometers. If we take as a basis the number of gas stations, which was discussed above, then one gas station will have about 70 kilometers of road density.

Taking into account the variable number of cars, we get about 2,600 cars that can be served by one gas station. Naturally, this business miscalculation cannot be called accurate, since subjective factors are not taken into account - the reputation of the gas station and the level of its services. Nevertheless, even the given data should be enough to present the general situation in the motor transport market of our country.

Parameter number 3. Target customers + their preferences

With regard to gas station customers, everything is clear - these are motorists various kinds vehicles with petrol/diesel engine. Another question is which gas stations these people prefer. Is it rational from scratch if only the IP himself and a couple of his friends know about her reputation?

Customer preferences regarding the choice of filling stations:

70% of respondents answered that, in most cases, they refuel their vehicles at popular filling stations of holding networks;
25% answered that for them there is no particular difference at which gas station to buy fuel;
5% prefer to refuel only at small gas stations.

From the foregoing, it follows that the average business plan for a mini gas station or its full-fledged analogue can count on only 30% of the client base. The rest will be taken by the monopolists.

The bottom line is that gas stations from scratch are not such a profitable investment in 2019. Although the market has not yet reached the peak of demand satisfaction, the likelihood of being squeezed between the "pillars" of the oil refining industry is extremely small. The only option - franchise work or launching a mini gas station with a list of additional services for its customers.

2) Which filling station format to choose?

In this section, we will focus on the classification of gas stations in accordance with NPB 111-98. It should be clarified that there are a lot of requirements in the document. The main ones are providing fire safety, since the gas station itself is a dangerous facility. The business plan under consideration will relate to public stations. There are also departmental gas stations, but only cars of certain companies can refuel at them, and it is unlikely that any influential organization will want to conclude a contract with a new mini gas station.

Types of gas stations:

classical.

A variation of the gas station business plan, which is most often found on the territory of our state. Fuel storage tanks are located underground, and oil products are distributed through dispensers (TRK);

block gas station.

The fuel dispenser is located directly above the fuel storage unit of the gas station, which makes it possible to make the equipment a single module. Relevant for mini business;

container gas station.

Another mini version that includes combined storage units and dispensers. Storage locations are above ground. There are 2 types of container filling stations, which are divided depending on the capacity of the tanks - "A" (more than 20 cubic meters) and "B" (less than 20 cubic meters);

modular gas station.

One of the best options for a business plan that focuses on a mini format. The container and the fuel dispenser have a single design. As with container gas stations, modular ones have a similar division into type "A" and "B";

mobile gas station.

As the name implies, the fuel storage and distribution system has a chassis implemented as a trailer. The designs show themselves well in a mini business, however, only its liquid counterpart, gasoline, can be sold here as a fuel.

There are more than 7 varieties, however, let's say right away that it is unrealistic to join a business niche purely on this product, therefore, a gas filling station should not even be considered as a start of a project for a novice entrepreneur.

Optimal for the business plan in 2019 are classic gas stations and modular / mobile gas stations that can easily change location. The first option will require more substantial investment in the business, but the income of such a gas station will be much higher. Block-type mini gas stations can be used as a reconnaissance of the situation at the start of a business, or as an additional source of profit.

3) Organizational issue of business

Any business in our country should be taxed, and therefore, registering a business is an integral part of the plan, which should be included in the organizational part of the project. Depending on the method of implementing the idea of opening a gas station, an entrepreneur can go in two ways - an individual entrepreneurship (IP) or a company with limited liability(OOO).

Mini gas stations cannot be called a large-scale business, respectively, a person will be able to find money for the implementation of a business plan on his own, which means that an individual entrepreneur will become the optimal form of ownership.

A classic gas station, or their network, requires a more substantial investment. Due to the participation of investment funds, it would be reasonable for a businessman to consider the form of ownership of an LLC, since it is not allowed by law to raise money from outside with an individual entrepreneur.

IP	OOO
A relatively simple registration procedure, you only need 3 documents: a passport, an application for registration, a receipt for payment of state duty (800 rubles)	The registration procedure is more complicated, you need more documents and pay more state duty (4000 rubles)
You can’t delegate a business, divide it into shares, you need to manage it yourself	There may be several co-founders and the responsibility of each within its share

No authorized capital is needed, no need for a current account, seal	Authorized capital is required (at least 10,000 rubles), as well as the Charter of the LLC, a current account and a seal are required
Registration at the place of residence and submission of reports at the place of residence	Registration for any legal address within the Russian Federation
There are restrictions on the types of activities	The LLC has no restrictions on the types of activities
You can do without an accountant, there is no need to keep strict cash records, a small amount of reporting	You can’t do without an accountant, the volume of reporting is quite large
Liability within own property, even after the closure of IP	Responsibility only within authorized capital
The amount of fines is much lower than that of an LLC (up to 50,000 rubles)	High amounts of fines for the same violations as for individual entrepreneurs (up to 1,000,000 rubles)
Taxes either 6% (income) or 15% (income minus expenses), plus insurance premiums in Pension Fund(minimum RUB 23,153.33)	It is more difficult with taxes, plus the founders of the LLC pay 13% of the profit (since 2015)
Low reputation and prestige for large companies	Reputation and prestige are considered quite high
Easier to open branches, even in other cities	To open a branch, its registration is required, while the possibility of applying the simplified tax system is lost
Easy withdrawal of money for your own needs	It is difficult to withdraw money, because. formally they belong to LLC
There is no possibility to sell, buy or re-register IP	Selling, buying or reorganizing an LLC does not cause problems
You can use the patent tax system to reduce costs	The patent system of taxation cannot be used
It is difficult to expand the business by attracting investments and new co-founders	You can easily attract investments from a successful LLC, register new co-founders, and expand to an OJSC
No need to document all business activities	Strict documentation of all business activities is required
Just close your IP	The procedure for liquidating an LLC is much more complicated.

To make it easier for you to decide on the form of ownership for the future gas station business plan, we have provided a comparative table of two options. Analyze your financial potential in detail - if you can provide for the business yourself, then IP is a priority, and if you have to go into large debts, then better business gas station plan to focus on investor fundraising and follow the path of LLC.

The second important documentary issue on the business plan of a traditional or mini gas station is business permits. The property in question has increased level fire hazard, which means that not in every place you are allowed to build a gas station from scratch, or have a mini mobile gas station.

List of permits for the launch of filling stations:

Lease contract. Enter into a contract only after making sure that the selected territory meets all the requirements from the regulatory authorities. If there is a plot in private ownership, a document confirming this fact officially is required.
We go to the city / district architectural department to obtain permission for the construction of gas stations for your business plan.
We visit Rostekhnadzor and get approval for the project of the mini gas station itself.
In the SES, the entrepreneur receives documentary approval for own business plan for the fuel trading process.
Stepping into regional office Ministry of Fuel and Energy and obtain permits for the sale and storage of fuels and lubricants.
The next item is the most problematic in the gas station business plan, since it is necessary to provide for all ways to reduce the level of fire hazard of the construction / use object. Only full compliance with all norms and requirements will allow the entrepreneur to get documentary permission from the Ministry of Emergency Situations.
Agreement on the removal of garbage from the territory of the gas station.
Agreement with the municipal organization regarding the conduct of deratization.
Certification of the quality of the received fuel for filling stations from product suppliers.

The list is presented in order of priority, therefore, it can be used as a checklist for the organizational part of your business plan. In addition to the agreed list, which is the base for 99% of the gas stations, the entrepreneur must also take care of the certification of the equipment itself, which will be used on the territory of his gas station. The list includes not only speakers and storage, but even PCs that will be used on point of sale. Furniture for gas station personnel also needs to be certified by anti-static companies.

The practice of business at gas stations in our country shows that it takes from 60 to 120 days to obtain the entire list of permits. The cost of this process is also not cheap - from 300,000 to 500,000 rubles per one point of sale of fuel products. Despite the need to collect a huge pile of papers to open a mini-business, there is good news for the entrepreneur - licensing under the business plan of gas stations is not required.

4) Production plan for gas stations

When the entrepreneur overcomes the paper issue, which is one of the most difficult in the business plan under consideration, it will be possible to proceed to the production part - installing equipment, searching for personnel and organizing a place for gas stations. By the way, some points organizational plan will be decided as the production progresses, because, for example, you will not be able to physically receive certificates for equipment without having it in stock.

1. Place under the gas station + organization of the production process

The location of the gas station is one of the main factors for the success of a business. Priority should be given to sites near transport interchanges, highways or mini/large car parks. In addition, it should be provided that the gas station is not out of the way in relation to settlements, as this will reduce sales volumes by several times. Look for places where there are no advertised monopoly holdings and there is a high level of demand.

We agree that it is incredibly difficult to find a territory that will meet absolutely all requirements, however, the more conditions are met, the higher the profitability of your gas station business plan will be in the future. Before concluding a lease agreement, it is advised to order an independent examination of the suitability of the site for the ODS.

Plan of the premises at the gas station:

trading room.

An extra source of income doesn't hurt. If the business plan provides for a mini gas station, this item can be overlooked;

An integral object for both the staff and customers of gas stations;

warehouse.

Like the first point, in the case of a mini gas station, it may not be relevant;

locker room.

For use by petrol station personnel.

The main office is better located separately, for example, in the central part of the city. The interior of the business premises is formed based on the preferences of the business owner himself. In addition to the customer service premises, there will be 2 dispensers on the territory of the gas station - this is the best option for a classic gas station. In the case of mini gas stations, depending on the level of mobility of the modules, you can use both 1 fuel dispenser and a pair.

Order production process gas station:

The supplier's transport delivers fuel and pours it into specialized tanks located on the territory of the station.
The owner of the car drives into the gas station to the fuel dispenser and inserts a gun into the tank. If you have extra money in the business plan for staff, this action can be provided by a separate employee of the outlet.
Payment of the desired amount of fuel at the checkout.
Penetration of the check by the cashier and the launch of the SEC bay.
End of the bay. Departure of the client and waiting for the next one.

When working at a mini gas station, the procedure may vary slightly, but the general algorithm, we think, is clear. The area of the site under the gas station depends on the format. With a mini gas station - this is from 300 square meters, and in the case of developing a business plan for a full-fledged gas station - from 900 square meters and more. It will be enough to allocate about 70 square meters of space from the site for the gas station itself.

2. Equipment and personnel at gas stations

The number of personnel for gas stations is formed based on the scale of the business being opened. An important point for every newly hired employee is certificates vocational training . A person can get this crust at specialized courses in nearby cities. When applying for a job, the nuance should be immediately discussed with the applicant, since not everyone wants to spend 2 weeks on training, in some cases, at their own expense or during the deduction from the future wages. The average cost of the course is from 2,000 rubles.

The staff will consist of:

technical staff, that they will perform the duties of refueling vehicles, pumping wheels and other services provided for in the price list of a gas station;
a cashier who will be responsible for the calculation, and the possible preparation of coffee at the request of a gas station customer;
seller - if there is a mini store at the gas station;
repairman - is responsible for the operability of the equipment + helps in the provision of services for light repair of vehicles of the dispenser customers;
security guards - 2 people who will work in shifts to ensure the security of your business;
cleaning lady - is engaged in restoring order both in the gas station and in the adjacent territory;
electrician - works under the contract and is called if necessary.

As a rule, bookkeeping in a business plan is outsourced, therefore, here the entrepreneur will be able to save a little. The same applies to the position of manager, which the owner himself takes on. As the business expands, the final number of gas station employees can increase proportionately.

What equipment will be required:

stainless steel tanks (3-4 jokes) with a capacity of 30 cubic meters each. The exact amount is determined based on the types of fuel that will be sold at gas stations in accordance with the business plan;
fuel storage tank emergency situations- 1 joke with a volume of 20 cubic meters;
fire tank - 1 piece from 10 cubic meters;
dispensers, preferably equipped with sensors for the flow of fuel dispensed;
automated type system for refueling management;
POS terminal;
computers + peripherals to them;
fire safety equipment;
security system + video surveillance (optional).

With regard to software solutions for business management, it is better for an entrepreneur to use ready-made systems from well-known manufacturers. The same S&B or Smart Oil will be the very thing. The exact number of pieces of equipment depends, again, on the format of the dispenser and its productivity in terms of fuel sales. It is better to purchase equipment for gas stations only from certified suppliers - this will simplify the procedure for registering a business and speed up the time for issuing some certificates by 20% -30%.

5) How to promote the business - marketing plan of the project

Before working out marketing strategy, it is necessary to analyze some parameters. First of all - competition in the local market and the optimality of the chosen place for refueling. If an entrepreneur managed to find a site with a large influx of customers, and, at the same time, the absence of market monopolists, the business will go uphill much faster. Prerequisites for this decision we have described in detail in the analytical part above.

In second place is - range of services and prices. With mini gas stations, everything is clear - the sale of fuel + primitive service. With a traditional gas station, everything is much more interesting - this is a service station and a mini market, and a car wash + a bunch of different offers that can be useful for the client. The table above shows an approximate layout for a dressing with moderate "appetites". If desired, the margin can be made higher, however, the risk of customer churn will increase, and this is highly undesirable for a start-up business.

With regard to the indirect source of profit from filling stations, the situation is similar. The table above shows the optimal share ratio based on the level of demand for a particular gas station product.

Influence of the season in planning filling stations is a very small factor that can be neglected. Taking into account the time for paperwork, rebuilding the site and the premises for refueling, it may take up to 12 months to achieve the optimal level of sales of fuel products - a pessimistic scenario. With a skillful advertising campaign in the gas station business plan, this period can be reduced by 60% -90%.

Business promotion tools:

a luminous stele with prices for gasoline / diesel fuel;
signboard;
balls for the first month after opening;
flyers advertising a new filling station;
placement of advertising structures at traffic intersections and other places with a high level of traffic;
articles in print media;
Personal site;
advertising in local media;
advertisements on local radio.

It will not be superfluous to periodically hold promotions for discounts on fuel - this will attract more regular customers+ will increase the effect of "word of mouth", thereby reducing spending on advertising campaign business.

6) Settlement part of the gas station business

A business plan for gas stations cannot be called a quick payback project. According to statistics, more than 90% of businessmen return the investment no earlier than 4 years since the opening of the petrol station. Good connections or franchise work reduce the period to 3 years, however, this time period for a novice entrepreneur also cannot be called satisfactory.

One-time opening costs:

business registration - up to 400,000 rubles;
development, construction of a site for gas stations + installation of modules - 2,100,000 rubles;
advertising for business promotion - 90,000 rubles;
equipment in the minimum configuration - 1,200,000 rubles;
other expenses - 30,000 rubles.

In the end, only to launch the column itself, we need to invest about 3,820,000 rubles. If it all ended there, then the proposed business plan would not be so expensive, however, monthly expenses must also be taken into account.

Monthly business expenses:

wage fund - 250,000 rubles;
rent - 50,000 rubles;
depreciation - 30,000 rubles;
communal apartment - 6,000 rubles;
advertising - 15,000 rubles;
remote accounting - 10,000 rubles;
purchase of fuel - 3,500,000 rubles;
security of the facility or private security company - 25,000 rubles.

Apart from start-up capital for the opening, it will be necessary to provide for gas stations in the business plan and 3,886,000 rubles for monthly expenses, and this is only according to preliminary calculations. In practice, the amount can be much more - + 20% -40%.

The revenue part is formed on the basis of a markup, which will depend on demand and additional services provided to customers within the point of sale. At a discount rate of 10%, break-even current will be about 500,000 rubles, however, it will be overcome only after the gas station reaches high sales volumes, which will take from 7 to 9 months after the start.

Own gas station. How to become the owner of your own gas station?

Business plan for a mini gas station - features of a niche of economy gas stations

As you already understood, a full-scale gas station is not the cheapest pleasure, especially for a novice entrepreneur. A markup of 20% does not save the situation, as our people are used to doubling investments, and not being content with little. All of the above suggests a completely adequate solution - the opening of a mini gas station.

Popularity for mini gas stations came in 2012, when the facility was withdrawn from the influence of Rostekhnadzor. In 2019, the Ministry of Emergency Situations deals with the classification of stations, the connection of the old authority of influence is made only if the business is located in a hazardous type of production.

Design features of a mini gas station:

Wall thickness.

There are single-walled and double-walled mini fuel containers. The first ones are allowed to be operated only outside settlements + their volume should not exceed 10 cubic meters. The use also requires the construction of a pallet, in addition to the transport platform, which makes financial plan business more costly;

design.

Mini containers are equipped with a built-in pump for receiving fuel. The software filling should provide for a system for monitoring the interwall space with a warning function about depressurization. More details about other features of mini containers can be found in NBP111-98;

compartment volumes.

If a mini gas station is located on the territory of a settlement, then the volume of the chamber is less than 10 cubic meters, and the volume of the entire container is less than 40 cubic meters. When located behind locality, the chamber is not more than 20 cubic meters, and the whole container is not more than 60 cubic meters.

Non-compliance with the agreed standards entails the automatic transition of a mini gas station (KAZS) to another type of classifier, accordingly, the entrepreneur loses all the advantages of a container solution. With regard to the documentation for the mini gas station, here you need declaration customs union and registration certificate + eco / sanitary certificates.

Automating a mini gas station is much easier than a full-fledged gas station. It is enough to install an automatic remote-type remote control system that will dispense fuel using chips or smart cards. The price of one mini gas station is from 100,000 rubles. Taking into account the costs of registration and knocking out all permits, the total capital under the business plan will not exceed 250,000 rubles, which is a very attractive alternative to a multi-million dollar business with dubious payback periods.

It should also be understood that the mini gas station business plan will not be able to bring you multi-million dollar income, since the volume of fuel sold will be very modest. Even taking into account the markup of 30% -40%, the net monthly profit is unlikely to exceed the mark of 100,000 rubles.

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An oil-related business does not always require huge financial investments and strong connections in the relevant field. It is better to start a business in the direction of selling petroleum products from wholesale, which will allow you to short time achieve high profitability.

How to open a business: wholesale of petroleum products. Key Features

Before starting wholesale sales, including petroleum products, the founder should familiarize himself with the relevant regulations that define the concepts and main features of wholesale trade. To such regulatory documents current law applies "About the basics state regulation trading activities In Russian federation".

Before opening own company it is necessary to study the prospects for the sale of petroleum products in order to determine all the advantages and disadvantages of the chosen direction. Yes, petrol, diesel, kerosene, lubricants, solvents and other types of petroleum products are clearly in demand by most modern people, therefore, both retail and wholesale this product will always have its buyer. The next aspect that needs to be studied is the prospects for wholesale sales.

According to experienced market participants, for a novice entrepreneur, selling any product in bulk can be more profitable compared to retail. This can be explained by several factors. Firstly, wholesale trade involves the conclusion of long-term contracts with buyers and excludes the constant search for ways to sell products. Secondly, being engaged in the wholesale of petroleum products, you can become an official dealer of certain companies, thereby occupying a promising position in the market.

Wholesale sales of fuel, lubricants and other petroleum products do not provide for the mandatory opening of a retail outlet and gas stations. Thanks to this, you can save at least 100 thousand rubles only at the stage of creating an enterprise.

Planning should precede the opening of a business selling any goods. When compiling a business plan, it is necessary to foresee the level of competition by studying the offers on the market, as well as analyzing the level of demand. At this stage, you should think about what will be the target audience, since this feature largely determines the overall concept of the company. Be sure to include in the business plan calculations regarding the costs of creating a business, its further development and the payback of a new company. Based on the calculations, the total amount of investments for opening an enterprise is determined, making a conclusion about the future sources of financing for a new business project. For example, if own funds entrepreneur is not enough, he can resort to bank lending.

One of the biggest challenges facing the founders of a wholesaler is the fluctuations in prices for petroleum products, which significantly affects not only profits, but also the level of demand. In this regard, in order to prevent losses caused by such trends, it is necessary to follow the main events in the selected market segment and be able to use the received data to the benefit of the company.

Stages of establishing a business for the wholesale sale of petroleum products

One of the first stages of opening a business for the wholesale sale of petroleum products will be renting or acquiring premises. It is immediately necessary to determine whether a storage facility for petroleum products will be immediately needed or there will be no need for this. In particular, wholesale suppliers often use the possibility of storing purchased batches of goods at the refinery, after which the products can be immediately sent to the buyer. With such an organization of work, it will be enough to rent a small office for the manager and other employees, it is also important to take care of ensuring the uninterrupted delivery of products to the buyer. In the future, in order to reduce the cost of placing oil products at the refinery, you can open your own storage room. This will require considerable investments, however, with active wholesale sales, all costs will quickly pay off.

As for transportation costs, wholesale sales and delivery of petroleum products will require special transport equipment - fuel trucks. Since such cars have a considerable cost and their purchase can become too costly for a novice entrepreneur, it is possible to rent a vehicle with a driver for the first time. In addition to cars, the sale and delivery of fuel will require the purchase of special equipment, including pumps, hoses and meters.

The staff for an enterprise engaged in wholesale sales of petroleum products may be small: in the absence of its own oil storage facility, it can be limited to hiring one or two sales and customer relations managers. An accountant, a driver and some other employees at the stage of opening a company can be involved if necessary on the basis of outsourcing. True, all employees in direct contact with the product must have experience in working with petroleum products and be properly trained in order to avoid a hazard to environment and people. Having calculated the number of employees necessary for the operation of the enterprise, you should find out what level of wages will be relevant in this area. As a rule, on average, qualified fuel delivery employees, as well as experienced sales managers, should be offered a sufficient salary level - from 15 thousand rubles and more, which will fill the staff with competent and experienced specialists.

The purchase of gasoline and other fuels, as well as other goods belonging to the category of petroleum products, should be carried out taking into account existing trends and product quality requirements. So, it is very important to choose a reliable manufacturer whose products will meet the requirements of future buyers.

Promotion of the company in the wholesale of petroleum products will be easier compared to retail. So, for gasoline, fuel, lubricants and other similar products, small gas stations and specialized stores will be the main buyers. The specific target audience of the company will depend mainly on the initial direction of activity.

So, if the enterprise is engaged in small or medium wholesale, ordinary consumers and small specialized companies can become the main buyers of products. In this case best practices promotion will be advertising on the Internet, a signboard, banners and other types of outdoor advertising. In order to count on contracts with large network gas stations and specialty stores selling lubricants and other related products, you must first earn a certain image in the chosen area, taking a pre-eminent position in the chosen activity.

Official registration of the company

In order to open an enterprise for the wholesale sale of petroleum products, it is necessary to register one of the existing organizational forms. The choice of a particular one will depend on the characteristics of the company's activities, in particular on whether it will offer small, medium or large wholesale. Since the trade in petroleum products is a serious activity, opening an enterprise of this kind, it is preferable to register a legal entity. Thus, having registered the status of an LLC, one can count on cooperation with large enterprises, including international ones, which will give much greater prospects in the future. In addition, firms that have the form of a legal entity have more opportunities to become official dealers of well-known companies in their industry - producers of petroleum products.

Obtaining the status of an LLC requires the fulfillment of a number of mandatory conditions:

filling out a special application form in the prescribed form indicating the direction of activity and personal information about all the founders. The application must indicate the type of activity according to the current OKVED classifier;
contribution of authorized capital in the amount of 10 thousand rubles;
providing a package of documents specified by the Federal Tax Service, including passports and TINs of all founders, a decision to establish an LLC and appoint a head, minutes of a meeting of founders in the presence of several owners, and some others;
payment of the state fee, the amount of which is 4 thousand rubles, in any branch of the bank;
submission of an application and the established package of documents and waiting for confirmation from specialists within 14 days.

If, when opening a business for the wholesale sale of petroleum products, its founder plans to organize an insignificant business activity, he can immediately switch to a simplified form of taxation by filling out an appropriate application.

Unlike the IP form, it will be mandatory for an LLC to draw up a current account, which will contain the payment details of the company. Due to the presence of a current account, it is possible to carry out financial transactions in a non-cash way. In order to get it, they apply to the bank, providing confirmation of the registration of the LLC and submitting all constituent documents, as well as an agreement on renting or obtaining ownership of the premises, accounting statements for the last period and other documents that the bank may request.

An order for an enterprise seal will also be obligatory for an LLC, which distinguishes this form from individual entrepreneurship.

Thus, the wholesale sale of petroleum products is promising and interesting, especially for experienced businessmen. Novice entrepreneurs are advised to start this activity with small-scale wholesale trade, which is characterized by lower risks and not so significant financial investments.

Jun 8, 2017 Sergei

The retail sale of automotive fuel is a highly profitable business. For this reason, many aspiring entrepreneurs are wondering: how to open a gas station from scratch and how much does it cost?

In this article, we will look at how to open a gas station and set out a detailed example of a business plan with calculations. We also find out what permits for this we need, we will calculate the amount of necessary financial investments in order to understand how much it costs to open a gas station.

The specifics of the gas station business

Opening your own gas station is not an easy task that requires a lot of entrepreneurial experience. This kind of business requires a lot of money to be invested, so it is worth making an adequate assessment of your financial opportunities. Not every newcomer will be able to compete with Rosneft gas stations.

Experts do not recommend this type of entrepreneurship if you are starting your first own business. It will be easier for newcomers to the market to open gas stations under a franchise and work under the wing of a well-known brand. In this case, they will be provided with stable fuel supplies and a wide base of potential customers.

Doing business independently involves searching for loyal suppliers with flexible terms of cooperation and stable regular fuel supplies. As a rule, such suppliers are small refineries.

Drivers often prefer gas stations with a well-known name, which should also be taken into account. To win regular visitors, we can recommend the introduction own system cumulative bonuses for regular customers, so that it would be profitable for them to refuel with you. It is constantly necessary to generate new ideas for promoting your brand.

The number of motorists is growing every year, and hence the demand for automotive fuel. A very high threshold for entering this niche is compensated by a fairly quick payback, and for this you need to draw up the necessary business plan.

First steps

First of all, you need to study the gas station market and assess the level of supply in your area. Define your competitive advantages. At this stage, it is worth understanding whether you will run a completely independent business, or resort to franchising.

There are two more ways to become the owner of your gas station: buy ready business or become a tenant.

Services for the sale of fuels and lubricants are subject to licensing. You will have to take care of the issue of obtaining a license for the right to store and sell fuel in advance. This right is confirmed by the presence of documents with a seal of the established format.

Two different formats

As already noted, before opening your gas station, you need to decide on the fundamental principle of your future business. It can be completely and completely independent activity or franchising. To embark on a free swim in this area and open a gas station from scratch, without the relevant experience, is too risky an undertaking due to the many complex nuances.

According to experts, the best option for a novice entrepreneur is to work on a franchise from leading market leaders. A recognizable logo of a large company, such as Gazprom or Lukoil, always attracts car enthusiasts.

Franchising has a number of advantages, including:

Assistance of experienced specialists at the stage of opening an enterprise.
Consulting in the course of organizing the work of refueling.
Ensuring fuel supplies from reliable suppliers.
Working on behalf of a well-known brand is a stable flow of customers.

Buying a franchise has its downsides:

strict adherence to corporate standards;
lack of freedom in matters of pricing policy;
mandatory and regular franchise payments.

Having decided on the format of the business, you should address the issue of its registration with the municipal and tax authorities. Large companies like Gazprom work for common system taxation, therefore, are VAT payers.

For this reason, suppliers such as Rosneft cannot include IP transactions in their expenses and income. Hence the main recommendation: gas stations require registration as a legal entity - (LLC). After acquiring this status, your company will have its own corporate seal.

Having registered your business, you can proceed to the next, no less important steps - choosing the location of your future gas station and preparing design estimates.

Location selection

Location is an extremely important issue, both in terms of potential profitability and security requirements. You will need to study a lot of information about the state of the market. You should carefully analyze the traffic flow in your city and the availability of free land.

Gas stations are located, as a rule, on busy highways and interchanges. Refueling should be provided with a convenient entrance. The size of the required plot is determined by the following criteria:

A variety of types of fuel sold (gasoline, diesel fuel, methane, propane).
The number of fuel dispensers.
Presence/absence of operating cafes, mini-stores, etc.

The average plot area is usually 100 m2.

Dear visitors, below is an example of a gas station business plan with economic calculations. The calculations are made by experts with extensive experience in an Excel file, thanks to which they can be adapted to any business plan of another gas station. After reviewing the document, you can download the file with the calculations below. If you have any questions - ask them directly in the comments, the VKontakte group, or by writing to us by mail.

Summary

Goal: "Opening a gas station in the city of Penza"

Tasks: "Supplying motorists of nearby areas with fuels and lubricants"

Initiator of the project

The initiator of the construction of a new gas station is an individual entrepreneur - the owner of a network of gas stations (3 pieces) in Penza and the Penza region. The entrepreneur has extensive experience in this business, owns three profitable properties and has established relationships with fuel suppliers.

Investment costs

To open a gas station you will need investment investments in the amount of 3,949 thousand rubles, which are divided into, project development, construction, purchase of equipment and products.

The distribution of investments by areas is presented in the table below:

Name of works
Acquisition of a land plot
Project development
Construction
Purchase of equipment
Purchase of products

Project financing

The project will be financed from two sources - the project initiator's own funds and credit funds. The loan is planned to be received in the amount of 2,649 thousand rubles. at 19% per annum for 5 years with a differentiated repayment schedule.

The purchased land plot, as well as purchased refueling equipment.

Project payback indicators

Based on the input data and prerequisites that will be described below in the financial part of the business plan, a model for calculating the payback for the construction of a gas station was built. Performance indicators this project described below:

Planned inflation - 10%;
Simple payback period - 3.6 years;
Discounted payback period - 4.3 years;
NPV - 5,367 thousand rubles;

These indicators indicate that the project is interesting in terms of investment and pays off in a fairly short period of time.

Product Suppliers

As the main supplier of products, it is planned to attract the nearest oil refinery of one of the largest producers of fuels and lubricants - PJSC Lukoil. This will provide gas stations with high-quality inexpensive products. Lukoil prices are lower than prices for similar products from other gasoline producers and diesel fuel, and also have wide advertising support and a wide range. In addition, the company offers its own line of motor oils, gearbox oils.

In addition, it is planned to attract one of the manufacturers of these products in the city of Penza as a supplier of cooling and brake fluids.

Construction company and equipment suppliers

As construction company it is planned to attract a local contractor, with whom the company worked on opening a gas station earlier. The company has more than 15 years of experience, as well as extensive experience in the construction of similar stations for large gas stations - Lukoil, Gazprom, Rosneft.

The supplier of the equipment is planned to be a large Moscow company, which also supplies filling station equipment of its own production to all large networks gas stations.

Products

Gas station products will not differ from others and will include the following product groups:

Gasoline of three grades - 92, 95, 98;
Diesel fuel;
Motor oils and additives;
Coolants;
brake fluids.
Related products (drinks, fast food, magazines)

ATTENTION!!!

Practice shows that by ordering a business plan from specialists, you will save time, increase the quality of the finished document by 4-5 times and increase the chances of receiving investments by 3 times.

Investment plan

Investment size

The volume of investments in the opening of the gas station will amount to 3,949 thousand rubles, most of which will be directed to the purchase of equipment and the construction of the gas station itself. A large amount will be spent on the acquisition of land.

Detailed investment costs are described in the table below (rubles including VAT):

Naming of expenditures	Price	Qty	Sum
Acquisition of a land plot
Construction

Production equipment
Fuel dispenser
Filling station management system
Pressure sensor microprocessor
Fuel station
Fuel storage tanks

Shop equipment
Shelving
Cash register
Counter

Furniture

Purchase of goods

TOTAL			3 949 000,00

Investment payment and work plan

It is planned that the duration of construction and launch of filling stations will be 8 months. The work plan for the opening of a gas station is presented below:

Location and refueling

As part of the business plan, it is planned to build our own premises, which will accommodate a cashier, a security guard and a small store of related products for the car (oils, liquids). The premises will consist of the following rooms:

Trading floor (products and a cashier will be placed here);
bathroom;
Warehouse for goods;
Locker room.

No more rooms are planned, since all the management is located in an office space, which the company rents specifically for this purpose in the city center. The number of management staff will not increase, so there will be no additional costs for the office.

There will be 2 filling stations on the site with the possibility of refueling two cars at the same time from each of them. This setting is a standard value for this type of gas station and provides an optimal ratio between the amount of investment and subsequent revenue.

Working hours

It is planned that the petrol station will work seven days a week and public holidays around the clock. This is due to the need to refuel cars at any time, regardless of the time of day and holidays.

Manufacturing process

The gas station business process will be quite standard:

A fuel truck brings gasoline from the factory and pours it into special fuel storage tanks at the gas station.
The car owner drives his car to the dispenser and inserts the gun into the tank of the car.
He goes to the cash register to say the volume and brand of gasoline poured in and the number of the column, pays the money.
The cashier beats off the check and starts the bay.
After the end of the bay, the car owner inserts the gun back into the column and leaves to make room for the next buyer.

Production cost

The petrol station purchases fuel, oils and liquids from suppliers and manufacturers of these goods. The cost of products by product groups and margins are presented in the table below:

Product group	Cost price

Diesel fuel

liquids

Marketing plan

Competition

The number of competitors in the gas station market is very large. Today, it is almost impossible for a player who is not a specialist in this field to enter this business. Large gasoline producers (such as Lukoil, Rosneft, Gazprom) and small but fairly stable networks of gas stations operate on the market.

To date, all the most profitable places for gas stations have already been taken, however, the ever-increasing car park and the requirements for the speed of service lead to the fact that periodically there is a need to increase both the number of gas stations and the expansion of existing ones.

Location

The land plot planned for acquisition for the construction of a gas station is located on the outskirts of the city on a very busy road in the industrial zone of the city. After the construction, the gas station will be clearly visible from the road both in the daytime and at night, which will allow it to receive customers at any time.

Assortment and prices

The range of products sold will be standard for all filling stations. First of all, it will be all brands of gasoline. In addition, motorists will be offered engine oils, coolants and brake fluids. In addition, the petrol station sells related products for drivers (for example: drinks, snacks, magazines, personal care products)

Prices for products will follow the prices at large gas stations in the city owned by gasoline producers and will be 50 kopecks lower. The fact is that at the same prices for gasoline, the consumer will definitely choose the gas station of the oil company, and with a decrease in the price, some consumers are ready to refuel at third-party gas stations, despite the fact that they are confident in the quality of gasoline.

The table below shows the range of products by product groups, price, cost and margin.

Product group	Cost price (rub/l)	markup	Price (rub/l)	Share in sales

Diesel fuel

liquids
TOTAL

The table below shows the range of related products by product groups.

Product group	Price (rub.)	Share in sales
Cold drinks


Personal Care Products
Newspapers magazines
TOTAL

Volume of sales

Unlike other goods, the demand for gasoline has practically no seasonality in demand, so we will not use seasonality indices to plan revenue by months. However, due to the fact that the opening of gas stations will not immediately attract the maximum number of motorists, we will lay down a schedule for reaching the planned sales volume:

month	%% of maximum sales

Thus, as can be seen from the table, the filling station will reach its maximum sales volume in about a year.

After reaching the maximum sales volume, we plan that the average refueling bill will be 1,000 rubles, and about 600 cars will be refueled per day, which is about 25 cars per hour.

Advertising strategy

In order to reach full sales as quickly as possible, it is planned to conduct an advertising campaign that would attract the largest number of consumers to gas stations. To do this, it is planned to use the following advertising channels:

Making a stele glowing prices for gasoline - 200,000 rubles;
Registration of gas stations in colors corresponding to the brand of the rest of the network of gas stations - 100,000 rubles;
Making a sign - 50,000 rubles;
Decoration with balloons in the first month of opening - 30,000 rubles;
Distribution of leaflets at existing gas stations of the network with information about the opening of another outlet - 3,000 rubles;
Placement of advertising structures with advertising of gas stations at other gas stations of the network - 10,000 rubles;
Hiring a growth figure to attract customers - 20,000 rubles / month.

organizational plan

Entity

Due to the fact that the company already has a network of filling stations, this filling station will also be registered with an existing limited liability company. A land plot will be purchased for the same legal entity and a loan will be issued.

Personnel and staff structure

The staff, their salaries and bonuses are presented in the table below:

Position	Qty	salary	Prize
Director*			20% of profit
			3% of revenue
support worker

"* - positions are marked, the functionality of which will be performed by existing employees of the enterprise for an additional fee.

I would like to note that a security guard must be present at the gas station, but it will be provided by a private security company, so the cost of it is included in the “security services” item.

Financial plan

Prerequisites

- 4.3 years;

NPV - 5,367 thousand rubles;

Break even

Based on the constructed model, the break-even point for a gas station was calculated, which amounted to 489 thousand rubles.

Taking into account the fact that we plan to reach a monthly revenue of 600 thousand rubles. with VAT and a schedule for reaching maximum sales, the gas station will start making a profit from the 7th month.

Project Sustainability Analysis

In order to obtain information about what factors and how much can affect the change in the project's profit, we have built the following table, which describes the change in the NPV indicator depending on the change in sales prices for gasoline and diesel fuel, purchase prices and company costs, taking into account wages:

Indicator
Sale prices
Purchase price

Risk Analysis

We divided all existing risks into political, economic, social, and technological ones.

Technological

These include the risk of a decrease in demand for fuels and lubricants in connection with the invention and introduction of a radically new engine that does not require gasoline or diesel fuel, as well as the growth of gas-powered cars. However, as we see in the near future, it is not planned to launch any new engine, and the use of gas instead of gasoline and diesel fuel, although it leads to savings, but leads to faster engine wear. In addition, any significant increase in gas consumption will lead to a sharp jump in the cost of it and, accordingly, stop this growth.

Social

These risks include the risk of a decrease in the population in the city of Penza, which in turn will lead to a sharp decrease in the number of cars. However, all industries are working in the city, the economic situation is normal, so there are no plans for sharp reductions in the population.

Political

The sphere of gasoline sales is heavily regulated by the state, therefore, with the introduction of political restrictions on the price of gasoline, it may lead to the fact that all gas stations will be forced to reduce their prices and, accordingly, will receive less profit.

Economic

decline economic growth will not allow you to receive the planned profit, which will lead to delays in loan repayment and possible litigation with a credit institution. Further development of the network in this case will be quite difficult.

A novice entrepreneur who wants to open a gas station must understand that a number of difficulties await him ahead. This type entrepreneurial activity requires a large initial investment and competition is quite high. For such a business to become successful, you need to work out a thorough business plan of this kind.

It is better to engage in such a business with previous entrepreneurial experience. If a newbie in business has decided to open his gas station from scratch, he is best off acquiring a franchise. Then, it will be a great opportunity to take advantage already finished project, receive uninterrupted supplies of raw materials, and take advantage of the existing customer base.

If an entrepreneur decides to open a gas station on his own, he needs to ensure reliable partnerships. Constant fuel supplies are key point to be successful in this business. To do this, it is worth contacting small oil refining companies with a proposal for cooperation.

You need to understand that the main audience of customers prefers proven gas stations. Therefore, in order to be able to get your customers, you need to carefully consider the strategy of the advertising campaign. One of effective methods development similar business is the introduction bonus programs with discounts.

The advantage of the gas station business is that the demand for this type of product will constantly grow. Despite all the difficulties in opening such an entrepreneurial business, if you manage to draw up an effective business plan, then the payback period will be very fast.

How to start opening a gas station?

Before opening a gas station, it is necessary to carefully study the supply and demand market in this field of activity. In many regions of Russia, this market is occupied by the most big companies: Bekar and Rosneft. To open such a business, it is worth compiling a map of gas stations in the region, on which you can clearly see promising places for placing your own gas station.

For businessmen who are engaged in entrepreneurial activity for the first time, it is useful to study a ready-made market analysis and the problems existing in it. This includes underestimated fuel quality, which does not correspond to the declared one, underfilling gasoline in tanks, and more. There are three common formats for a gas station opening business:

to acquire an existing enterprise in which the level of expenses for the organization remains unknown or to lease. About what is.
buy a franchise
open a gas station from scratch.

In order to engage in the sale of fuels and lubricants, it is necessary to issue a special license. Otherwise, without such a document, the storage of such materials will be considered an illegal activity.

What documents are needed in order to open a gas station

Those entrepreneurs who decide to start opening a gas station on their own need to prepare a package of the following documents:

application for registration of an individual entrepreneur or LLC;
receipt of payment of state duty;
copies of the passport and TIN of the entrepreneur (for individual entrepreneurs);
copies of constituent documents (for LLC);
conclusion for the selected territory cadastral engineer and an agreement with the current owner;
ready-made project for the construction of the premises;
permission from the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the Sanitary and Epidemiological Station;
an agreement with specialized organizations that are engaged in the disposal of waste from production and the removal of non-hazardous waste (categories 4-5);
permission to sell petroleum products;
contracts concluded with suppliers of fuels and lubricants;
fuel quality certificates.

How to choose a place to open a gas station?

When choosing a place to open a gas station, after compiling a map of gas stations in the region, you need to carefully study potential locations for placement in terms of the presence of a flow of cars nearby.

It is optimal to place a gas station near road junctions and highways. For the station, it is necessary to provide a convenient entrance. In order to determine the size of future refueling, it is necessary to take into account the following nuances:

range of fuels to be promoted;
the presence of a cafe or shop;
number of TRCs.

The average size of a petrol station is about 100 sq.m.

What equipment should be purchased for gas stations?

To open a gas station on the purchase of equipment, you should not save. Since its quality determines the period that it will last. Also, work with fuels and lubricants is classified as unsafe, so any defects in the equipment can lead to undesirable consequences.

For a small gas station, you need to purchase:

capacity for the storm drain system (1 pc.);
fuel storage tank (4 pcs.);
capacity for the storm drain system (1 pc.);
filling column (2 pcs.);
cables, remote controls.

It is best to connect the storm drain system to city communications.

At the gas station, it is worth laying good asphalt and installing reliable canopies from precipitation. You also need to set up software, which will help optimize all trading and accounting operations at gas stations.

If you plan to open a gas station where gaseous fuel will be sold, you should purchase special equipment for it.

What kind of staff should be hired at gas stations?

The opening of a gas station implies round-the-clock operation. Therefore, it is necessary to hire workers on the basis of a two-shift schedule. The permanent staff must be hired:

one cashier;
two dispenser operators;
one guard.

For the supply department, you need to hire the following employees:

electrician;
repairman.

For reference financial reporting you can use the services of third-party specialized organizations or hire a specialist on an ongoing basis.

To earn loyalty from customers, you need to hire neat and polite employees. To understand how to organize the workforce, you need to study the customer service system from Gazprom. They are considered a reference company. To create a good image of the gas station, it is worth providing all the staff with a uniform.

Profits and expenses from opening a gas station

The business of opening a gas station is a very costly business. The initial investment will be as follows:

official registration of entrepreneurial activity and purchase of a cash machine - about 25 thousand rubles;
lease of the territory for gas stations - about 30 thousand rubles / month;
purchase of equipment and special software - about 400 thousand rubles.
installation and purchase of specialized equipment - about 2.5 million rubles.

If an entrepreneur decides to open a gas station on his own, in the first stages he will have to invest about 4 million rubles. The construction of the station itself takes an average of about 6 months.

It is also necessary to provide for monthly expenses:

additional costs for the delivery of fuel raw materials - about 140 thousand rubles;
purchase of goods - about 300 thousand rubles;
payment utility bills- about 5 thousand rubles;
advertising expenses - from 30 thousand rubles;
payment of the wage fund - from 150 to 200 thousand rubles. average.

In a small town, with the correct location of the station, it can bring more than 1 million rubles per month. income. The payback period for such a business is about 1 year. If the business plan for opening a gas station was drawn up correctly, taking into account all the nuances, refueling will quickly pay off. In a year it will be possible to think about opening a whole network of similar gas stations. You can also dilute the range of services, and put a car service next to the gas station. This will help increase the flow of customers.

Marketing and advertising of gas stations

In order to ensure the flow of customers to gas stations, it is necessary to organize an effective advertising campaign. Both traditional methods of advertising and Internet marketing are suitable here.

Bright banners and city lights will attract the attention of motorists passing by. But holding various promotions and drawings on the pages in in social networks help retain old customers. You can also enter into partnerships with stores that sell products for cars. They can place flyers on their outlet and receive a certain percentage for this.

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